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SEMINAR ON

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING

Presented By :- Mr. Suyog M. Potdar ( Final Year Computer Science Engg.)

Guided By:- Prof. V. S. Gulhane

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Contents

• What is Adaptive Computing?• Why Adaptive Computing?• Types of Adaptive Computing Systems• Traits of Adaptive Computing• Applications of Adaptive Computing - Some General Applications - Technical Applications• Ideal Solution• Example Scenario of Semantic Based Context Aware Dynamic

Service Composition.• Conclusion• References

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What is Adaptive Computing ?

Adaptive computing is a computer architecture combining some of the flexibility of software with the high performance of hardware by processing with very flexible high speed computing fabrics like field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

• It also refers to a logic chip that can change its physical circuitry on the fly.

• It is also known as Reconfigurable Computing and is one of the most important research area these days.

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Why Adaptive Computing?

There are two Primary methods in Traditional Computing for the execution of Algorithms

1] Using ASIC (Application Specific IC)

- very fast & efficient for computation

- but Lack Flexibility

2] Using Microprocessors

- they are good at flexibility

- but Performance Suffer

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Why Adaptive Computing ? (contd.)• Need for Speed Modern processors intended for the PC market (e.g. Pentium 4, Core 2 Duo, I3, Athlon, etc.) are very

powerful.• What if we need more speed? Supercomputers are very expensive. Modern supercomputers are built from a large number of (fairly) ordinary processors running in parallel.• What if we also need low power? Modern embedded CPUs (e.g. the ARM) are quite fast.• We have to design hardware Implementing an algorithm as hardware is often the best

way to achieve best possible performance with the lowest possible transistor count and power requirements.

Fortunately. . . FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) technology makes custom hardware far more accessible.

FPGAs FPGAs are still 15 to 25 times slower than ASICs and use more power, so aren’t a perfect solution –conventional CPUs can still be faster for some things.

Now the Solution is -Adaptive Computing - It fills gap between software and hardware by providing higher performance & higher level of flexibility.

Continued

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Types of Adaptive Computing Systems

• Can be classified into two architectures- 1] Hybrid Computers - combines single or multiple FPGAs with a standard microprocessor CPU. - e.g. XD1 designed by OctigaBay HC1 of Convey Computer Corp. 2] Fully FPGA based computers - Uses No CPU or used only for interface with network environment - e.g. COPACOBANA ( Cost Optimized CodeBreaker and ANAlyzer )

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Traits of Adaptive Computing

• Move Beyond Desktop Machines.• Computing is embedded everywhere in the Computing is embedded everywhere in the

environment.environment.• Computing capabilities, any time, any placeComputing capabilities, any time, any place• ““Invisible” resourcesInvisible” resources• Machines sense users’ presence and act Machines sense users’ presence and act

accordinglyaccordingly• Natural/Implicit interfacesNatural/Implicit interfaces• Ubiquitous services independent of Ubiquitous services independent of

devices/platformsdevices/platforms

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Some General Applications

• Perception system for recognizing user Perception system for recognizing user moods from their facial expressionsmoods from their facial expressions

• House where position is sensed and House where position is sensed and temperature adjusted automaticallytemperature adjusted automatically

• Real Time Audio/Video translation from Real Time Audio/Video translation from one device to other.one device to other.

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Technical Application

• Isolation Points.• On the use of memory and resources in Minority

Games.• Semantic Based Context Aware Dynamic

Service Composition.• Exploiting User Location for Load Balancing

WLAN's and improving Wireless QoS• Self Adaptive Software: Landscape and

Research Challenges.[Ref no. 8]

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Ideal Solution• Semantics-based dynamic service Semantics-based dynamic service

compositioncomposition – User request in intuitive format

• E.g. natural language

– Service composition based on the semantics of the user request.

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Example Scenario

•Tom Watching Cartoon Film when his parents told him to study, While they are out for shopping.

• As his parents arrive he switches the film from Television to his Mobile Phone or PDA.

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14Emerging technology

Adaptive Computing

Internet

Adaptive Computing

Speech understanding

Wearable computing

Multimedia multimodal communication

Human-computer interaction

Dialog modelingInformation

extraction

Information retrieval (access)

Mobile computing

Image/motion processing

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Conclusion • Finally, run-time reconfiguration provides a method to accelerate a greater portion of a given application by allowing the configuration of the hardware to change over time.• Apart from the benefits of added capacity through the use of virtual hardware, run-time reconfiguration also allows for circuits to be optimized based on run-time conditions.•In this manner, the performance of a reconfigurable or Adaptive system can approach or even surpass that of an ASIC. Thus, Adaptive Computing is one of the most promising research fields these days.

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References1] D. Mennie and B. Pagurek, “An architecture to support dynamic composition of

service components,” in Proc. 5th Int. Workshop Component- Oriented Program., Sophia Antipolis, France, 2000

2] Estrin, G. 2002. Reconfigurable computer origins: the UCLA fixed-plus-variable (F+V) structure computer. IEEE Ann. Hist. Comput. 24, 4 (Oct. 2002), 3 9.DOI=http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2002.1114865

3] F. Casati, S. Ilnicki, L.-J. Jin, V. Krishnamoorthy, and M.-C. Shan, “Adaptive and dynamic service composition in eFlow,” in Proc. Int.Conf Advanced Inf. Syst. Eng., Stockholm, Sweden, 2000.

4] ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems Vol 4 No. 2 , 2009 -http://www.acm.org/tass

5] http://www.manuals-search-pdf.com/Adaptive_Computing

6] http://www.pdfgeni.com/Reconfigurable_Computing

Thanks A Lot !!!