Introduction

Parque Nacional Pico Bonito is a large protected area (about 565km2) located in north-central Honduras in the departments of Atlántida and Yoro. McCranie and Castañeda (2005) reported 73 species of amphibians and reptiles from the park. McCranie (2011) added four snake species, Scaphiodontophis annulatus (Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854), Oxyrhopus petolarius (Linnaeus, 1758), Atropoides mexicanus (Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854), and Porthidium nasutum Bocourt, 1868, to the known fauna of the park (the last two were based on photographs only). Herein we report the additions of five species of amphibians and reptiles not previously known from the park to bring the total known species from the park to 82. Parque Nacional Pico Bonito is one of the most important parks in Honduras because of the large amount of forest remaining on its northern slopes and also because the park contains 21 species of amphibians and reptiles that are endemic to Honduras, three of which are not known from outside the park’s boundaries. In addition, the type localities of 11 of those Honduran endemic species lie within the park.

Materials and Methods

The first author (JRM) conducted surveys in the park during 19–21 November 2010, whereas the second author (JMS) visited the park during 16 August - 15 December 2010 in connection with his work with Project Biological Corridor of the Jaguar (Panthera onca). We made visual walking surveys during the day and about the first three hours after dark on three nights. Surveys were made both on and off park trails. A single specimen of each of the five species of amphibians and reptiles not previously reported from the park was collected, photographed, and preserved for voucher specimens. Individuals of most of the other species previously known from the park were released after observation. Specimens were identified, where necessary, by using the identification keys in McCranie (2011) and McCranie and Castañeda (2007).

Results and Discussion

All five new records of amphibians and reptiles from Parque Nacional Pico Bonito reported herein are from the northern portions of the park in the vicinity of the Pico Bonito Lodge (15.6667°N, 86.9000°W), Atlántida. The lodge is located at 100 m elevation. Using the forest formations of Holdridge (1967), the area in the vicinity of the lodge below about 600 m elevation is in the Lowland Moist Forest formation, those between 601 m and 1500 m are in the Premontane Wet Forest formation, and those above 1501 m are in the Lower Montane Wet Forest formation.

Herpetology Notes, volume 6: 239-243 (2013) (published online on 30 May 2013)

Additions to the amphibians and reptiles of Parque Nacional Pico Bonito, Honduras, with an updated nomenclatural list

James Randall McCranie1* and José Mario Solís2

110770 SW 164 Street, Miami, Florida 33157-2933, USA; e-mail: jmccrani@bellsouth.net

2 Main Street, House 2301, Col. El Eden, Tegucigalpa, Honduras

*corresponding author

Abstract. Five species of amphibians and reptiles (Sachatamia albomaculata, Hemidactylus frenatus, Spilotes pullatus, Stenorrhina degenhardtii, and Tropidodipsas sartorii) are reported for the first time from Pico Bonito National Park in north-central Honduras. The total number of species of amphibians and reptiles known from the park now stands at 82. An updated nomenclatural list of the 82 species recorded from the park in a recent review of the park’s herpetofauna is also given.

Keywords. Amphibia, Reptilia, new records, Honduran national park

James Randall McCranie & José Mario Solís240

Additions to the amphibian and reptilian fauna of the park

Sachatamia albomaculata (Taylor, 1949). A single adult female (SMF 92853) of this centrolenid frog (Fig. 1) was dislodged from its daytime retreat in a small bush about 1 m above the ground on 21 November. The locality is Cascada de Río Corinto at 250 m elevation. This specimen represents a range extension of about 60-airline km NNW of its previously western-most known locality in Parque Nacional La Muralla, Olancho (McCranie, 2006). This specimen is also the first record for the department of Atlántida.

Hemidactylus frenatus Schlegel, 1836. This introduced, nocturnal gecko was common on the walls of buildings and palm trees associated with the lodge. One adult female (SMF 92849) was taken as a voucher specimen on 20 November. A photograph of a Honduran specimen from outside the park is shown in Fig. 2.

Spilotes pullatus (Linnaeus, 1758). A subadult female (SMF 92852) of this diurnal species was active on the ground in an area recently planted in Mahogany Trees (Swietenia macrophylla) near the lodge at 220 m

elevation on 21 August. A photograph of a Honduran specimen from outside the park is shown in Fig. 3.

Stenorrhina degenhardtii (Berthold, 1845). An adult female (SMF 92850) of this diurnal snake (Fig. 4) was lying stationary in the middle of a trail south of the lodge during the afternoon of 18 November at 1740 m elevation.

Tropidodipsas sartorii Cope, 1863. A subadult female (SMF 92851) of this species (Fig. 5) was crossing a trail about one hour after dark near the lodge at 200 m elevation on 19 November.

Updated nomenclatural list of the amphibians and reptiles reported from Parque Nacional Pico Bonito by McCranie and Castañeda (2005).

Recent years have seen an explosion of numerous nomenclatural changes based largely on the use of molecular data, especially at the generic level among the amphibians (Crawford and Smith, 2005; Frost et al., 2006, 2009; Hedges et al., 2008). Table 1 shows the nomenclature used by McCranie and Castañeda (2005) for the park herpetofauna, the current accepted names, and the sources of the nomenclatural changes.

Figure 1. Sachatamia albomaculata, SMF 92853, photograph: J.R. McCranie.

Figure 2. Hemidactylus frenatus, USNM 579592, photograph: J.R. McCranie.

Figure 3. Spilotes pullatus, USNM 562907, photograph: J.R. McCranie.

Figure 4. Stenorrhina degenhardtii, SMF 92850, photograph: J.R. McCranie.

Additions to the amphibians and reptiles of Parque Nacional Pico Bonito 241

Acknowledgments. Permits (Dictamen DVS-ICF-016-2009 and Constancia 011–2011-DVS-ICF) were issued by Iris Acosta and Saíd Laínez of the Instituto Nacional de Conservación y Desarrolo Forestal, Áreas Protegidas y Vida Silvestre (ICF), Tegucigalpa. Leonardo Valdés Orellana (Tegucigalpa) was especially helpful in acquiring those permits. Franklin E. Castañeda, Regional Director of Panthera Foundation for Honduras, provided JMS the opportunity to work in the park. James Adams provided dormitories at the Pico Bonito Lodge.

References

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Frost, D.R., Mendelson III, J.R., Pramuk, J. (2009): Further notes on the nomenclature of Middle American toads (Bufonidae). Copeia 2009: 418.

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McCranie, J.R. (2006): Specimen locality data & museum numbers/Ubicación y números de museo de los especímenes, información complementaria for/a la “Guía de Campo de los Anfibios de Honduras” by/por James R. McCranie y Franklin E. Castañeda. Smithsonian Herpetological Information Service 137: 1–39.

McCranie, J.R. (2011): The Snakes of Honduras. Systematics, Distribution, and Conservation. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR), Contributions to Herpetology 26: i–x, 1–714.

McCranie, J.R., Castañeda, F.E. (2005): The herpetofauna of Parque Nacional Pico Bonito, Honduras. Phyllomedusa 4: 3–16.

McCranie, J.R., Castañeda, F.E. (2007): Guía de Campo de los Anfibios de Honduras. Salt Lake City, Utah, Bibliomania!

McCranie, J.R., Hedges, S.B. (2012): Two new species of geckos from Honduras and resurrection of Sphaerodactylus continentalis Werner from the synonymy of Sphaerodactylus millepunctatus Hallowell (Reptilia, Squamata, Gekkonoidea, Sphaerodactylidae). Zootaxa 3492: 65–76.

McCranie, J.R., Townsend, J.H. (2011): Description of a new species of worm salamander (Caudata, Plethodontidae, Oedipina) in the subgenus Oedopinola from the central portion of the Cordillera Nombre de Dios, Honduras. Zootaxa 2990: 59–68.

McCranie, J.R., Vieites, D.R., Wake, D.B. (2008): Description of a new divergent lineage and three new species of Honduran salamanders of the genus Oedipina (Caudata, Plethodontidae). Zootaxa 1930: 1–17.

Rovito, S.M., Parra-Olea, G., Vásquez-Almazán, C.R., Luna-Reyes, R., Wake, D.B. (2012): Deep divergences and extensive phylogeographic structure in a clade of lowland tropical salamanders. BMC Evolutionary Biology 12: 255.

Savage, J.M. (2011): The correct species-group name for an Oxyrhopus (Squamata: Dipsadidae) variously called Coluber petalarius, C. pethola, C. petola, or C. petolarius by early authors. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 124: 223–225.

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Townsend, J.H., Medina-Flores, M., Wilson, L.D., Jadin, R.C., Austin, J.D. (2013): Molecular and morphological analysis reveals a relict lineage of green palm-pitviper (Squamqta: Viperidae: Bothriechis) from the Chortis Highlands of Mesoamerica. ZooKeys 298: 77–105.

Figure 5. Tropidodipsas sartorii, SMF 92851, photograph: J.M Solís.

James Randall McCranie & José Mario Solís242

M&Cx, My, TSz Current New Nomenclature Nomenclature SourceBolitoglossa mexicanax Bolitoglossa mexicana Bolitoglossa porrasorumx Bolitoglossa porrasorum Bolitoglossa rufescensx Bolitoglossa nympha Rovito et al., 2012 Nototriton barbourix Nototriton barbouri Oedipina cyclocaudax Oedipina quadra McCranie et al., 2008 Oedipina gephyrax Oedipina petiola McCranie and Townsend, 2011 Atelophryniscus chrysophorusx Atelophryniscus chrysophorus See footnote2

Bufo leucomyosx Incilius leucomyos Frost et al., 2009 Bufo marinusx Chaunus marinus Savage and Bolaños, 2009 Bufo vallicepsx Incilius valliceps Frost et al., 2009 Hyalinobatrachium fleischmannix Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni Sachatamia albomaculataz Sachatamia albomaculata Duellmanohyla salvavidax Duellmanohyla salvavida Plectrohyla chrysopleurax Plectrohyla chrysopleura Ptychohyla spinnipolexx Ptychohyla spinnipolex Smilisca baudiniix Smilisca baudinii Eleutherodactylus aurilegulusx Craugastor aurilegulus Crawford and Smith, 2005 Eleutherodactylus chacx Craugastor chac Crawford and Smith, 2005 Eleutherodactylus chrysozetetesx Craugastor chrysozetetes Crawford and Smith, 2005 Eleutherodactylus cruzix Craugastor cruzi Crawford and Smith, 2005 Eleutherodactylus fecundusx Craugastor fecundus Crawford and Smith, 2005 Eleutherodactylus laticepsx Craugastor laticeps Crawford and Smith, 2005 Eleutherodactylus nobleix Craugastor noblei Crawford and Smith, 2005Eleutherodactylus ridensx Pristimantis ridens Hedges et al., 2008 Eleutherodactylus saltuariusx Craugastor saltuarius Crawford and Smith, 2005 Leptodactylus melanonotusx Leptodactylus melanonotus Rana maculatax Lithobates maculatus Frost et al., 2006 Hemidactylus frenatusz Hemidactylus frenatus Sphaerodactylus dunnix Sphaerodactylus dunni Sphaerodactylus millepunctatusx Sphaerodactylus continentalis McCranie and Hedges, 2012 Thecadactylus rapicaudax Thecadactylus rapicauda Basiliscus vittatusx Basiliscus vittatus Corytophanes cristatusx Corytophanes cristatus Sceloporus malachiticusx Sceloporus malachiticus Norops biporcatusx Norops biporcatus Norops lemurinusx Norops lemurinus Norops loveridgeix Norops loveridgei Norops purpurgularisx Norops purpurgularis Norops rodrigueziix Norops yoroensis McCranie, pers. observ.3Norops sericeusx Norops unilobatus Köhler and Vesely, 2010 Norops tropidonotusx Norops tropidonotus Norops zeusx Norops zeus Eumeces sumichrastix Plestiodon sumichrasti Smith, 2005 Sphenomorphus cherrieix Scincella cherriei Honda et al., 2003 Ameiva festivax Holcosus festivus Harvey et al., 2012 Ameiva undulatax Holcosus undulatus Harvey et al., 2012 Cnemidophorus lemniscatusx Cnemidophorus lemniscatus

Table 1. A list of the 82 species of amphibians and reptiles reported from Parque Nacional Pico Bonito and the nomenclatural changes for the species involved, and the sources for those changes. M&C = McCranie and Castañeda (2005); M = McCranie (2011); and TS = this study. Table continued on next page.

Additions to the amphibians and reptiles of Parque Nacional Pico Bonito 243

2

M&Cx, My, TSz Current New Nomenclature Nomenclature SourceLepidophyma flavimaculatumx Lepidophyma flavimaculatum Typhlops stadelmanix Typhlops stadelmani Boa constrictorx Boa constrictor Ungaliophis continentalisx Ungaliophis continentalis Adelphicos quadrivirgattumx Adelphicos quadrivirgattum Chironius grandisquamisx Chironius grandisquamis Clelia cleliax Clelia clelia Coniophanes fissidensx Coniophanes fissidens Dendrophidion nuchalex Dendrophidion rufiterminorum Cadle and Savage, 2011 Dendrophidion percarinatumx Dendrophidion percarinatum Dryadophis melanolomusx Mastigodryas melanolomus Dixon and Tipton, 2004 Drymobius chloroticusx Drymobius chloroticus Drymobius margaritiferusx Drymobius margaritiferus Hydromorphus concolorx Hydromorphus concolor Imantodes cenchoax Imantodes cenchoa Lampropeltis triangulumx Lampropeltis triangulum Leptodeira septentrionalisx Leptodeira septentrionalis Leptophis ahaetullax Leptophis ahaetulla Leptophis mexicanusx Leptophis mexicanus Ninia sebaex Ninia sebae Oxybelis aeneusx Oxybelis aeneus Oxyrhopus petolay Oxyrhopus petolarius Savage, 2011 Pseustes poecilonotusx Pseustes poecilonotus Scaphiodontophis annulatusy Scaphiodontophis annulatus Sibon nebulatusx Sibon nebulatus Spilotes pullatusz Spilotes pullatus Stenorrhina degenhardtiiz Stenorrhina degenhardtii Tropidodipsas sartoriiz Tropidodipsas sartorii Xenodon rabdocephalusx Xenodon rabdocephalus Micrurus nigrocinctusx Micrurus nigrocinctus Atropoides mexicanusy Atropoides mexicanus Bothriechis marchix Bothriechis guifarroi Townsend et al., 2013Bothriechis schlegeliix Bothriechis schlegelii Bothrops asperx Bothrops asper Porthidium nasutumy Porthidium nasutum

Table 1. (Continued)

1Rovito et al. (2012) did not include this nominal form in the park, but McCranie believes the species in question from the park should be identified as Bolitoglossa nympha2We follow the reasoning of McCranie and Castañeda (2007) and Köhler (2011) in continuing to use the name Atelophryniscus chrysophorus for this toad3The population identified as Norops rodriguezii by McCranie and Castañeda (2005) has been reidentified as Norops yoroensis by McCranie

Accepted by Zoltan T. Nagy