ADE 6070INTERNATIONAL ADULT

EDUCATIONCanada

Prepared by Ali

Canada

The Canadian Flag

The Maple Leaf

Other National Symbols of Canada

The Arms of Canada This design was approved in 1994. We can find ribbon withthe motto: Desiderantes Melirem Patriam (They desire a better country)

The Royal Union Flag

Also called Union Jack It was a national symbol

since 1904It serves two purposes: First, it is the national flag of the United

Kingdom Second, it is flown as a symbol of

membership in the Commonwealth and allegiance to the Crown as was approved by the Parliament on December 18, 1964

The Beaver

The Maple Tree

Iroquois A confederacy of Aboriginal peoples

originally living in the northern part of what is

now New York State. The tribes originally included the Seneca, Cayuga, Oneida, Onondaga and Mohawk nations. The Tuscarora joined in the18th century.

Aboriginal A term that describes all indigenous

people in Canada, usually including the Métis and the Inuit.

According to Modern Languages Notes, there are three different theories that give three different explanations to the origin of word Canada:

1. The river Canada ( meaning the St. Lawrence) gave the name to the country

2. From the small province of Canada, the designation was extended to the whole valley of St. Lawrence

3. The term is of Indian origin.( p. 165)

Canada

Monetary Unit: Canadian Dollar

National Capital of CanadaOTTAWA

Niagara Falls

Government

Cabinet The political executive that develops and

promotes the passage of government policies and legislation. Today, in Canada, the prime minister selects Cabinet ministers, who each usually head a department (for example, the Department of Finance)

Senate and House of Commons

Supreme Court and Justices

Provinces and Territories Canada is divided into 10 provinces and 3

territories. Each of the 10 provinces has its own constitution; a lieutenant governor installed by the governor general; a legislative assembly whose leader is the provincial premier; and its own judicial system, with a right of appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada.

Elected officials govern municipalities. Municipalities are subject to provincial

authority and not to federal authority.

10 Provinces of Canada

Alberta Abbr. ALTA Area (sq. mi.)255,540 Population(2011C)3,645,257 CapitalEdmonton

British Columbia Abbr.BC Area (sq. mi.)364,762 Population(2011C)4,400,057 CapitalVictoria

Manitoba Abbr.MAN Area (sq. mi.)250,114 Population(2011C)1,196,000 CapitalWinnipeg

New Brunswick Abbr.NB Area (sq. mi.)28,150 Population(2011C)751,171 CapitalFredericton

Newfoundland and Labrador

Abbr.NL Area (sq. mi.)156,452 Population(2011C)514,536 CapitalSt. John’s

Nova Scotia Abbr.NS Area (sq. mi.)21,345 Population(2011C)921,727 CapitalHalifax

Ontario Abbr.ONT Area (sq. mi.)415,596 Population(2011C)12,851,821 CapitalToronto

Prince Edward Island Abbr.PEI Area (sq. mi.)2,185 Population(2011C)140,204 CapitalCharlottetown

Québec Abbr.QUE Area (sq. mi.)595,388 Population(2011C)7,903,001 CapitalQuébec

Saskatchewan Abbr.SASK Area (sq. mi.)251,365 Population(2011C)1,033,381 CapitalRegina

The Three TerritoriesNorthwest Territories

Abbr.NWT Area (sq. mi.)519,732 Population(2011C)44,000 CapitalYellowknife

Yukon Territory Abbr.YT Area (sq. mi.)186,271 Population(2011C)33,897 CapitalWhitehorse

Nunavut Abbr.NVT Area (sq. mi.)808,181 Population(2011C)31,906 CapitalIqaluit

Canada’s Natural Resources

Mining and timber in BC Oil and natural gas in ALTA The prairie provinces of SASK , MAN and

parts of ALTA produce more than 20% of the world’s wheat

The West-central part of the country consists of large farms and prairies

The Rocky Mountains cover a large part of western Canada which is BC, YT and the western part of ALTA

The Province of Quebec More than seven million Canadians claim

French as their first language Most of them are concentrated in the

province of Quebec The province is even demanding

separation from Canada

Nunavut Territory According to the Political Handbook of the

World, "In early 1987 the Inuit, an Eskimo people accounting for about 17,000, won tentative agreement to the formation of their own territory (Nunavut) in the larger, eastern portion of the vast Northwest Territories… The creation of Nunavut was eventually approved in 1992, and the new territory was formally founded on April 1, 1999.”

Inuit A group of people settled in the Arctic

from Alaska to Greenland. They arrived from across the Bering Strait into Alaska about 4,000 years ago.

The word Inuit simply translates as “people”. In the past, the Inuit were called Eskimos, which is now considered a disparaging, derogative term since it literally means “eaters of raw meat.”

Métis The term Métis is used to describe people

of mixed native and European origin, and comes from an old French word meaning “mixed”

As such, Métis people have existed wherever European and Aboriginal people intermarried, especially along the St. Lawrence and in the west

First Nations The name usually used by Aboriginal or

indigenous people in Canada to describe themselves and may sometimes include the Métis and Inuit.

Nisga’a Indians In 1998, the Nisga’a Indians satisfied a

treaty that gave them 745 square miles of BC

Inuit communities in northern Quebec were granted semiautonomous status after signing an agreement with Federal and Quebec provincial government officials in 2009

In 2008, to reconcile Canada with its past treatment of indigenous peoples, Prime Minister Harper apologized for the century-long practice, discontinued only in 1990s, of removing aboriginal children from their homes for all but a few months a year

The goal of the program was to eliminate traditional beliefs and languages to assimilate the children, or to “kill the Indian in the child” as one of the school directors described it

Apology http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ryC74

bbrEE

Multiculturalism

The Seven Years‘ War (1756-1763) Independence (1867) The Dominion of Canada (1867)

The Dominion of Canada is a confederation of first united provinces and is officially recognized by Great Britain with the passage of the British North America Act.

In 1949, Newfoundland decided to become the 10th province of Canada.

Officially, Canada become a country in 1982, and has its own Constitution. The British North America Act, from 1867 until 1982 , served as Canada’s basic law.

Political Parties

Liberal Party It is the most influential political party Originated in 1867 Many times it held majority in the House

of CommonsIt embodies a centrist policy

Conservative Party It was formed in 2003 when the Canadian

Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada merged

Stephen Harper is its leader He is the actual Prime Minister of Canada

Le Bloc QuebecoisFormed in 1991 ( social democratic principles) Green PartyA Canadian federal party (1983) ( environmental concerns) New Democratic PartyFormed in 1961 (social democratic principles)Leftist approach

Canada’s Economy Trade GDP in 2010 $ 1.3 trillion Per Capita GDP (2010): $ 46,600 Leading manufactures: automobiles and auto

parts Canada possesses copper, gold, silver,

uranium, zinc, and platinum. They make up 15% of exports

The North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA) went into effect in 1988, and entered into force in 1994

Education Departments or ministries of education

are created to organize, deliver, and to assess the progress of education

Provinces could have separate departments or ministries

The education systems of the provinces and territories could be significantly different

Districts Provinces are separated into districts,

from which school boards are derived School boards are responsible to make

local policy They are responsible for the

implementation of the standard curriculum created by the province

Children attend Kindergarten for one or two years at the age of four or five

They begin school at the age of six Secondary schools go up to Grades 11 or 12 Students then attend college or university Education is compulsory up to the age of 16

or 18 Post-secondary institutions include:

community college, vocational schools, grad schools and universities

There are both private and public schools in the Canadian education system

Most private schools are religious institutions

The government does fund some of them, but not like the way it funds public school

In Ontario, the Catholic schools are entirely funded by the government

Some of the criticisms of the Canadian education systems: The need of a federal body that sets

national goals Research and development becoming a

priority of universities at the expense of teaching

There is a need to find balance between teaching and research

Universities McGill University University of British Columbia University of Toronto University of Alberta

Top IT Schools in Canada McGill University Center for Continuing

Education British Columbia Institute of Technology Devry Institute of Technology

Literacy in CanadaIt has many definitions. The ABC CANADA Literacy Foundation defines it as:

“To be literate means that you have the skills to understand what you read, communicate with others and engage fully and confidently in life’s activities and opportunities.”

The International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey of 2003 showed that there is higher percentage of low literacy levels and low levels of high school completion amongst aboriginal peoples

Age 25 to 64, 34% had not completed high school

21% had a high school diploma as their highest educational level

8% of aboriginal people have a university degree

The Survey of 2003 showed that 42 % of the Canadian population – over 9 million people – between 16 and 65 years of age have low literacy levels that would not permit them to participate in the knowledge-based society

The levels of illiteracy are especially higher among older Canadians and among immigrants

Canada’s Definition of Adult Education

We know that the provincial governments are exclusively responsible for education in their provinces. Even though Canada as a country takes part in General Conference of UNESCO and signs resolutions that contain a definition of adult education, this does not exactly reflect the views of adult education held by the provinces. Therefore, it is important to look at how each province defines adult education and how close it does correspond to the views of adult education issued in the UNESCO definition.

UNESCOThe United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization It is a specialized agency of the United

Nations (UN) and has 195 members It is an important global development

agency It promotes education, literacy, science,

and equal treatment for girls and young women

The Constitution of UNESCO was adopted on November 16, 1945 and came into force on November 4, 1946

UNESCO’s Definition of Adult Education

The term "adult education” denotes the entire body of organized educational processes, whatever the content, level and method, whether formal or otherwise, whether they prolong or replace initial education in schools, colleges and universities as well as in apprenticeship, whereby persons regarded as adult by the society to which they belong develop their abilities, enrich their knowledge, improve their technical or professional qualifications or turn them in a new direction and bring about changes in their attitudes or behavior in the twofold perspective of full personal development and participation in balanced and independent social, economic and cultural development; adult education, however, must not be considered as an entity in itself, it is a sub-division, and an integral part of, a global scheme for lifelong education and learning.

Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC)

It was formed in 1967 by Ministers of Education of the provinces and territories

It was created to present a forum in which Ministers could discuss matters of similar interest, undertake educational initiatives cooperatively, and respect the interests of the provinces and territories with national educational organizations, the federal government, foreign governments, and international organizations

According to the research report of the CMEC, Developing an Adult-Education Policy Framework: Terminology, Typology, and Best Practices published on May 31, 2005,

“The concept of lifelong learning encompasses the fields of adult learning and adult education. Adult learning is considered to be a subset of lifelong learning– in that it is applied to learning only in the adult years. Adult education is considered to be a subset of lifelong learning and adult learning, in that learning by adults occurs both within the framework of adult education, and beyond it.”

Definition of Lifelong Learning

The development of human potential through a continuously supportive process which stimulates and empowers individuals to acquire all the knowledge, skills, values, attitudes, and understanding they will require throughout their lifetimes as individuals, citizens and workers.

Definition of Adult Learning

The process or the result of adults gaining knowledge and expertise through practice, instruction, or experience. Adult learning may be intentional or non-intentional, may take place in a variety of settings, at home, in educational institutions, at work, or in the community.

Definition of Adult Education

Refers to all sustained, systematic, and structured educational activities, at any level beyond initial education, whether offered formally or non-formally, which are undertaken by all of those defined as adults in their society for the purposes of personal, social, or workplace knowledge, skills, attitude, and values acquisition.

Provinces and TerritoriesDefinition of AE

According to the CMEC 2005 research report: British Columbia has no formal definition of AE Alberta has created an informal description of AE to

guide government policy. AE is lifelong access to affordable, high quality advanced education opportunities.

SASK has no consistent, documented provincial definition

MAN defines AE as “the consciously planned, organized and intentional learning opportunities that take place in formal and non-formal learning settings to develop knowledge and skills with an identified goal or end result.”

Ontario has no formal definition of AE Quebec embedded definitions in its Basic

Adult General Education Regulations NB has no formal definition of AE NS has no formal definition of AE PEI defines AE as “learning opportunities

provided to adult learners to increase their literacy skill levels and to achieve up to and including a grade 12 equivalency.”

Newfoundland and Labrador has no specific definition

Northwest Territories It has no definition of AENunavut Does not define AE but it defines adult learning as “all aspects of adult education and training and all learning activity undertaken by adults”Yukon It has no formal definition of AE

Adult Education Associations

Canadian Association for the Study of Adult Education: ..\The Canadian Association for the Study of Adult Education.docx

Canadian Association for University Continuing Education: ..\Canadian Association for University Continuing Education.docx

Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada: ..\Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada.docx

Canadian Institute for Recognizing Learning: ..\Canadian Institute for Recognizing Learning.docx

Canadian Association for Prior Learning Assessment: ..\Canadian Association for Prior Learning Assessment.docx

Academic Conferences Canada International Conference on

Education: http://www.ciceducation.org/ Conference Board of Canada:

http://www.conferenceboard.ca/ Center for International Policy Studies: 4th

Annual Graduate Student Conference Coping with Change in Global Affairs. http://cips.uottawa.ca/cipsprojects/graduate-student-projects/cips-graduate-student-conference/

Celebrating Lifelong Learning in our Communities: http://clloc2012.blogspot.com/p/2012.html

Engaging Hearts and Minds: An Agenda for Global Citizenship Education: 16 to 17 April http://www.centennialcollege.ca/citizenshipandequity

Canadian Association for University Continuing Education: http://www.cauce-conference.ca/

ReferencesAboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada. (2001).Aboriginal Place Names. Retrieved from http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100016346

S. Bourne, L. (2001). The changing face of Canada: the uneven geographies of population and social change. The Canadian Geographer, 45(1), 105–119.

Canada Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada. (2001).Aboriginal Place Names. FAQ. (2012).What type of government does Canada have? Retrieved from http://www.canadafaq.ca/what+type+of+government+does+

canada+have/

Canada. (2011). In T. C. Muller, W. R. Overstreet, J. F. Isacoff, & T. Lansdorf (Eds.), Political handbook of the world 2011.

Washington, DC: CQ Press. Retrieved from http://library.cqpress.com/phw/phw2011_Canada

Canadian Heritage. (2011).Origin of the Name - Canada. Retrieved from http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/symbl/o5-eng.cfm

city population. (2011).Canada: Urban Areas. Retrieved from http://www.citypopulation.de/Canada-UA.html

Conference Alerts. (2012).Academic and professional conferences: Canada. Retrieved from http://www.conferencealerts.com/canada.htm

Education in Canada. (2008).Council of Ministers of Education, Canada, 1 to 12.

A. Marshall, E. (1888). Origin of the Name “Canada.” The Johns Hopkins University Press, 3(No.6), 164–173.

Ottawa. (2011).About Ottawa. Retrieved from http://ottawa.com/about/main_e.shtml

Pan-Canadian Interactive literacy Forum 2008. (n.d.).Literacy in Canada. Retrieved from http://www.forum2008.cmec.ca/en/modules-literacy.html

Parliament of Canada. (n.d.).The Senate Today. Retrieved from http://www.parl.gc.ca/About/Senate/Today/interests- e.html U.S. Department of State. (2011, December 22).Background Note: Canada. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2089.htm

Selman, G., & Dampier, P. (1991). The Foundations of Adult Education in Canada. Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.

Tuijnman, A., & Boudard, E. (2001). Adult Education Participation in North America: International Perspectives. Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 89(574), 1–80.

 

Why is Canada called Canada? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.canadafaq.ca/why+is+canada+called+canada/ You Tube. (2008).Canada apologizes for residential school system. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- ryC74bbrEE

Imagine

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=OC2waxMJ_5Y#!