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ADHD

Date post: 31-Oct-2014
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A look at ADHD causes, problems, and assisstances.
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“Oh look, a chicken!” Attention Deficit/Hyperact ivity Disorder
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Page 1: ADHD

“Oh look, a chicken!”

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity

Disorder

Page 2: ADHD

Characteristics of ADHD

• Not truly “attention deficit”; actually “attention inconsistency”

• Easy distractibility (inattentiveness)• Low tolerance for frustration or

boredom• Tendency to say or do whatever

comes to mind (impulsivity)• Overflow of energy!

Page 3: ADHD

Historically speaking…

• Identified in early 20th century (1902) by George Frederic Still–Studied 20 children

• 3 boys for every girl• Defiant, excessively emotional, passionate,

lawless, spiteful• Behaviors appeared before age 8• Not the result of poor parenting

• Studied in WW I veterans who had received head injuries

• Originally called “minimal brain dysfunction”

• Causes are not clearly identified• May be physiological (caused by

differences in brain• “High incidence” - anywhere from 3%-7%

Page 4: ADHD

Challenges to the student

• Poor social skills–Don’t relate well to peers–Can’t take turns–Often solitary and lonely

• Frustrated teachers–ADHD students talk out of turn, blurt

out answers before question is finished–Teachers often dislike these students–Desperation tactics

• Angry, embarrassed parents–Conflicts over homework and chores

• Discipline problems–High risk of failure–Suspensions–Dropouts

Page 5: ADHD

Challenges later in life

• Substance abuse–Alcohol – trying to “slow the world

down”–Cocaine – actually “focuses” for those

with ADHD – approximately 15% of cocaine users report this

• Difficulty with employment–“Short fuse”

• Trouble with the law

Page 6: ADHD

The Plus Side

• High energy–For those with the “H” component,

often very active, energetic and full of enthusiasm

• Creative–Exceptional tendency to “think outside

the box”• Intuitive• Emotionally aware• Exuberant

Page 7: ADHD

In the classroom – a raw deal?

• Distractibility–Can be easily distracted, or can be hyperfocused

–Because of this, may not handle transitions well

• Impulsivity• Hyperactivity• Poor organizational skills

–Missing, late homework–Lack of needed materials

• Poor reading and/or math skills• Poor study skills• Poor handwriting

Page 8: ADHD

How can we help them get to “well done!”?

• Physical–Seating–Near teacher–Near peer assistant

• Directional–Signal when off-task–Cue transitions–Alert students a little while before an activity is going to change• Allows them to “get used” to the idea, and to come out of hyperfocus, if need be.

–Keep a consistent schedule

Page 9: ADHD

How can we help them get to “well done!”?

• Organizational–Help student to choose the organizer

that best fits his/her style• Paper – school planner• Electronic – PDA

–Provide a consistent place for materials• Extra set of books for home

–Peer assistant• Someone student can call when they

did not write down an assignment correctly or have a question.

–Give directions, assignments, and other important information both verbally and in writing

Page 10: ADHD

How can we help them get to “well done!”?• Instructional

–Provide external motivation• Avoid busywork• Students w/ADHD often have trouble doing

homework in the first place – will resent assignments which do not clearly relate to the lesson.

• Make sure the assignment is relevant to what is being taught

• Tell students why it will help them master the material.

• "Chunk" material to avoid overwhelming students

• Use multiple instructional techniques• Use graphic organizers to communicate most

important points of lessons• Allow additional time for tests and assignments• Avoid timed tests

Page 11: ADHD

Life with AD(H)D – No Joke

Excerpt from:

All About Attention Deficit Disorder

Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment: Children and Adults

ByThomas W. Phelan, Ph.D.

Page 12: ADHD

Famous People with ADHD

Harry BelafonteOrlando BloomTerry BradshawRichard Branson – Virgin AirwaysStephen J. CannellPatrick DempseyWhoopi GoldbergWilliam Hewlett – Co-founder of Hewlett-

PackardJewelKeira KnightlyJay LenoDavid Neeleman -- JetBlueEdward James OlmosTy PenningtonCharles Schwab – also has dyslexiaJackie Stewart – Indy car driverHenry Winkler

Page 13: ADHD

References

Editorial Staff. (2008) Famous people with dyslexia and other learning disabilities and/or AD/HD. Retrieved June 17, 2008, from http://www.schwablearning.org.

Hallowell, E. M & Ratey, J. J. (1994). Driven to distraction: Recognizing and coping with attention deficit disorder from childhood through adulthood. New York, NY: Touchstone.

Phelan, T. W. (2000). All about attention deficit disorder (second edition). Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment: Children and adults. Glen Ellyn, IL: Child Management Inc.

Smith, D. D. (2007). Introduction to special education: Making a difference (sixth edition). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Solden, S. (1995). Women with attention deficit disorder: Embracing disorganization at home and in the workplace. Grass Valley, CA: Underwood Books.

Page 14: ADHD

A few more chicken thoughts…


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