A PROJECT REPORT

OnStudy of HR Practices & Process of

Performance Appraisal

With special reference to

ADITYA BIRLA GROUPGRASIM INDUSTRIES

R.M.C DivisionHead Office - MUMBAI

By:

NITIN KOTHARI

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Table of Contents

CHAPTER NO. TITLES

1 Executive Summary

2 Company Profile

3 Organizational Chart

4 Introduction

5 About the project

Recruitment

Selection

Performance Appraisal

Training & Development

Talent Management

Job Analysis

Organisation Structure

Human Resource Information System

Company Philosophy

Exit Interview

6 Learnings

7 Observations & Findings

8 Recommendations

9 Nomenclatures and Abbreviations

10 Limitations & Bibliography

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Executive Summary-

The importance of personnel management is being increasingly realized in industrial and non-

industrial organization both in India and abroad. The realization has come about because of

increasing complexity of the task of managers and administrators. In most organizations the

problems of getting the competent and relevant people, retaining them, keeping up their

motivation and morale, and helping them to both continuously grow and contribute their best to

the organizations, are now viewed as the most critical problems.

So with this reference the project titled Study of Study of HR practices & process of

Performance Appraisal has been conducted, based on the primary research in Ultratech Cement

Limited, RMC Division has been prepared to get a better insight into the management practices

adopted by UTCL with reference to HR Policies prepared by the HR department in organization.

It emphasizes on the importance of a clear cut organization structure and culture to avoid any

confusion in order to achieve maximum result with minimum resources.

The project is aimed to cover maximum knowledge of the HR practices followed in the

organization and how the performance is evaluated of employees, what primary factors are

considered , how data is maintained and finally the evaluation done. Here the HR practices of the

company have been explained to understand how the company follows these practices and the

performance appraisal process adopted. The practical knowledge has been gained mainly by

observing all the activities taking place in the H.R. department. This is a brief study done to have

understanding of the subject H.R., how it is practically implemented, why it is necessary, its

implications & the benefits.

With reference to the HR Practices brief knowledge has been gained how the Recruitment cycle

functions, Selection done, Training Calendar prepared, what does compensation & cost to

company means and the steps of performance appraisal.

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Company Profile

Aditya Birla Group is India's first truly multinational corporation. The group has an annual

turnover of US$ 24 billion and has over 1,00,000 employees belonging to over 25 different

nationalities on its rolls.

Aditya Birla Group has its presence in 20 countries –

India, Thailand, Laos, Indonesia, Philippines, Egypt, Canada, Australia, China, USA, UK,

Germany, Hungary, Brazil, Italy, France, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Malaysia and Korea.

Globally the Aditya Birla Group is:

• A metals powerhouse, among the world’s most cost-efficient aluminium and copper producers.

Hindalco, from its fold, is a Fortune 500 Company. It is also the largest aluminium rolling

company and one of the 3 biggest producers of primary aluminium in Asia.

In India:

• A premier branded garments player.

• The 2nd largest player in viscose filament yarn.

• The 2nd largest in the Chlor-alkali sector.

• Among the top 5 mobile telephony companies.

Hindalco:

It has established been in 1958, Hindalco deals in Aluminium and Copper and is an industry

leader in both. Hindalco is the world's largest aluminium rolling company and one of the biggest

producers of primary aluminium in Asia. Its copper smelter is today the world's largest custom

smelter at a single location. In 2007, Hindalco acquired Novelis and in the process became the

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world's largest aluminium rolling company and one of the biggest producers of primary

aluminium in Asia, as well as India's leading copper producer.

Aditya Birla Nuvo: Aditya Birla Nuvo is a diversified business conglomerate with interests in

viscose filament yarn (VFY), carbon black, branded garments, fertilizers, textiles and insulators.

Aditya Birla Nuvo, through its subsidiaries and joint ventures has made forays into life insurance,

telecom, business process outsourcing (BPO), IT services, asset management and other financial

services.

Ultra Tech Cement: The Groups cement business is under both Grasim and UltraTech cement.

Together the two companies under the group account for a substantial share of the cement market

in India.

UltraTech cement comprises the erstwhile cement business of L&T which was acquired by the

group.Ultra Tech Cement manufactures and markets Ordinary Portland Cement, Portland Blast

Furnace Slag Cement and Portland Pozzolana Cement. It is the country's largest exporter of

cement clinker. Its export market includes countries around the Indian Ocean, Africa, Europe and

the Middle East.

GRASIM INDUSTRIES LIMITED is the flagship company of Aditya Birla Group. Grasim

itself is a multi-product company with cement being the major area of focus. Now a day the

cement division of the Grasim industries Limited works under the banner of the Ultratech Cement

limited (UTCL). In August 1998, Grasim acquired the well-known Dharani Cements Ltd situated

at Reddipalayam, Perambalur District. Soon after the acquisition, Grasim embarked on a most

prestigious project of one million top capacity cement plant at the existing locations.

READY MIX CONCRETE

Concrete is a hardened building material created by combining a binder i.e. cement (commonly

Portland cement), aggregate (generally gravel and sand), water and admixtures. Although people

commonly use the word cement as a synonym for concrete, it is only one of several components in

modern concrete. As concrete dries, it acquires a stone-like consistency that makes it ideal for

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constructing roads, bridges, water supply and sewage systems, factories, airports, railroads,

waterways, mass transit systems.

Concrete is used more than any other man made material on the planet. It was in 1824, when

Joseph Aspdin and Isaac Charles Johnson refined synthetic cement that Portland cement came into

existence. However, it was not widely used until World War II, when several large docks and

bridges were constructed.

Today, different types of concrete are categorized according to their method of installation. Ready

or pre-mixed concrete is batched and mixed at a central plant before it is delivered to a site. This

type of concrete is sometimes transported in an agitator truck and is also known as transit-mixed

concrete. Shrink-mixed concrete is partially mixed at the central plant and its mixing is then

completed en route to the site.

The secret of good concrete lies in the degree of quality

control and technical parameters of the mix. UltraTech, the

Aditya Birla Group Company, which makes good concrete

better, maintains a high level of precision in its quality

assurance procedures and produces world-class concrete

that comes in a package of highly reliable durability,

strength and performance.

The making of concrete is a science as well as an art. Science because the right proportions of all

the ingredients as per the standard Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) code assures the desired

strength and durability. And an art because it is not just the accurate proportioning which

determines the quality of concrete, but the way it is mixed, placed, compacted, cured and

protected also play a great role.

UltraTech Concrete makes good concrete better because the company takes extra care to make

sure it is perfect both ways — proportion wise and handling wise. To ensure quality, each and

every sample of concrete passes through stringent tests in fresh and hardened state to ensure

strength, durability and performance.

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How does UltraTech Concrete make good concrete better?

Right from selecting the raw materials to batching and mixing, transportation, placing of concrete

till testing of concrete — UltraTech ensures flawless operation in every stage. Clearly, it's all

about putting together the right ingredients for that perfect recipe.

Cement

Fresh cement, protected from weathering conditions and influence of external environment such

as air, moisture etc., is an important ingredient of concrete. UltraTech Concrete plant uses fresh

cement directly procured from the cement plants through cement bulkers, which in turn pump it

directly into the concrete silos thus protecting it from the external environment.

Coarse aggregates

Coarse aggregates — free from clay, weeds and other organic materials, cubical or rounded with a

combination of different sizes and not elongated or flaky — ensure proper strength of the concrete

and make it non-porous. These coarse aggregates are a vital ingredient of good concrete.

UltraTech Concrete directly sources the aggregates from selected and approved suppliers, tested

as per BIS for size, shape, gradation, impact value and crushing value etc.

Fine aggregate

Sand, the fine aggregate used in concrete must be free from silt, clay, salts and organic materials

to prevent shrinkage cracks, which affect the concrete quality and durability.

UltraTech Concrete directly purchases sand from selected and approved suppliers tested for

moisture content. To maintain the correct water-cement ratio, UltraTech Concrete plants use

moisture sensors and an automatic water correction procedure.

Water

Potable water, free from impurities such as oil, alkalies, acids, salts, sugar, organic materials is

ideal for concrete. UltraTech Concrete uses water tested at frequent intervals and uses water

purifiers whenever necessary.

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Admixture

Admixtures used in concrete during mixing ensures its workability (the ease of placing of concrete

in moulds) and the setting time is carefully chosen from reputed companies. The workability is

measured for every batch through the slump cone and is controlled using a scientific method of

dosing. UltraTech Concrete is equipped with computerized batching and mixing plants to strictly

monitor the quality of the concrete. It uses a computerized recipe for the raw mix design (cement :

sand : coarse aggregate : water : admixture) and quantities of raw materials are weighed

automatically as per the design mix. The water-cement ratio, very important to satisfy the strength

and durability criteria of concrete, is pre-designed through a scientific mix design as per the BIS

standards and kept constant throughout to maintain the consistency in quality for a particular mix.

Mixing is generally done through high efficiency pan mixers (machine mixers / turbo mixer) to

ensure uniform and consistent quality concrete.

Transportation

The transport of concrete from its place of mixing to the delivery point is very critical, as there is

possibility of the concrete drying out and losing its workability and plasticity.

UltraTech Concrete transports concrete from its ready mix concrete plants to the site through

transit mixers. Further, the concrete is pumped to the actual point of concreting using high

efficiency concrete pumps, thus maintaining the homogeneity of the concrete throughout the

transit till the final deposition. Placing the concrete is expedited scientifically by specialized

delivery trucks. Qualified and experienced engineers monitor the entire operation.

It is anchored by an extraordinary force of 100,000 employees, belonging to 25 different

nationalities. In India, the Group has been adjudged “The Best Employer in India and among

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the top 20 in Asia” by the Hewitt-Economic Times and Wall Street Journal Study 2007. Over 50

per cent of its revenues flow from its overseas operations.

Beyond business — the Aditya Birla Group is:

Working in 3,700 villages

Reaching out to seven million people annually through the Aditya Birla Centre for Community

Initiatives and Rural Development, spearheaded by Mrs. Rajashree Birla

Focusing on: health care, education, sustainable livelihood, infrastructure and espousing social

cause.

About Ultratech Cement LtdAbout Ultratech Cement Ltd

Ultratech Cement Ltd is having its own vision, mission and values.

Vision of the company:

To be a premium global conglomerate with a clear focus on each business.

Mission of the company:

To deliver superior value to the customers, shareholders, employees and society at large.

Values of the company:

People contribute when they relate to an organization and they relate, when they understand the

organization. People understand an organization through its values by experiencing the culture

that values create and by using the systems and processes that values define. In large

organizations, such shared understanding cannot be created through leadership of individuals

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alone; it requires leadership of principles, of beliefs, of conviction. Integrity, Commitment,

Passion, Seamlessness, Speed. These together constitute what they call their “Value”.

Organizational Chart

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RMC Central

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RMC HR

IntroductionHR PRACTICES

The success of any business depends as much on appropriate, effective, well-communicated, HR

and business practices as it depends on meeting the requirements of mandated laws and

regulations. In fact, good planning and the development of effective practices make regulatory

compliance much easier.

HR practices helps in increasing the productivity and quality, and to gain the competitive

advantage of a workforce strategically aligned with the organization’s goals and objectives.

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KPI's For HR PRACTICES

Some of the key performance indicators for Human Resources include but are not limited to the

following.

• Employees’ clarity on HR policies

• Employees’ clarity on roles, responsibilities and expectations

• Development of qualitative staff

• Number of HR issues arising for which there are no clear policies and guidelines

• Competitiveness of compensation structure relative to industry benchmark

• Usefulness and accuracy of compensation survey

• Lead time to respond to staff welfare issues

• Employees’ assessment of promotion criteria and process (clarity, fairness)

• Measurement of HR policy violation

• Average time required to fill vacancies

• Proportion of training programs resulting in productivity improvement

• Staff attrition rate

• Understanding / Clarity of the Organizational philosophy

Outline Internal capabilities and identify gaps on skills-competencies-behavioral aspects

Prepare HR strategic Objectives and bring in clarity as to how the HR strategy supports the

organizational strategy

Develop KPI's for each of the strategic objectives.

Track and measure performance

Human Resources Best Practices

The best practices in the management of human resources are the ones which optimize a

workforce so that it can not only get work done, but also ensure a greater level of efficiency,

timeliness and quality as it accomplishes increases productivity overall.

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Hence the job of the best practices human resources firm is to make sure that these benefits and

pay scales meet the company’s budget while remaining attractive and competitive enough to pull

in the very best talent possible. We should know that these figures put the company in a good light

while also presenting themselves as engaging and competitive for company’s recruitment efforts.

OBJECTIVE OF HR PRACTICES:-

The main objective of HR Practices is to differentiate the organization from its competitors by

effective and efficient HR Practices. By following this, the organization does its whole work

process. The objective of HR Practices is to increase productivity and quality, and to gain the

competitive advantage of a workforce strategically aligned with the organization’s goals and

objectives.

As The Transparent HR practices can reduce attrition, Because-

Transparent HR practices ensure continuous business growth in every organization.

It gives the suitable working environment to the employees.

The success of company motivates the employees of organization to continue relationship with

it. As all the employees Perks chart has been mentioned according to their designation in the HR

practices, it helps the employees to know what their perks charts are. So it creates a transparency.

OBJECTIVE of the PROJECT

As we know the whole function of HR department depends upon the HR Practices of the

organization. The HR management is done according to the HR Practices of the company. Which

things to be done and which things should not be done depend upon this only. It also helps the

organization to achieve the target of the organization.

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The HR policies of the organization have been mentioned in the HR Practices. All the rules &

regulations for the employees have been also mentioned in this. All the welfare of the employees’

processes is also mentioned in this.

So the study of the HR Practices means basically the brief study of all HR functions in the

organization. I believe the HR Practices is a vital part of an organization, which helps the

organization to achieve the goal of the organization.

All companies are having their HR Practices but the company who is having the best, is the most

successful company among its competitors. So the company can get success within its competitors

by applying best, effective HR Practices.

The main objective of the project is

To understand the HR practices followed & Process of Performance Appraisal.

To know what are the uses of HR practices for any organization.

How these HR Practices help any organization to know its stand in the market and to be

competitive by implementing good HR Practices for their employees.

To understand how the organization would achieve its goals by implementing good HR

Practices.

To understand the work culture of the organization.

HR function is very important in every organization. It helps the organization to manage not only

the people of the organization but to manage all the working processes in it also. HR is

management function that helps managers to recruit, select, train and develop members for an

organization. Obviously HR is concerned with the people’s dimensions in organizations. HR

refers to set of programs, functions, and activities designed and carried out.

HR practices of ULTRATECH Cement Ltd (RMC Division)

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Effective and Efficient HR practices are very much important for every organization. So, UTCL

has also its HR Practices, which helps it a lot to achieve the targets.

Human Resource Management initiatives in any Organization endeavor to change, redefine,

revisit, renew, reinvent, revitalize & restructure the Organization architecture. This is effectively

done with the help of alignment & integration of HR policies & strategies with business goal &

objectives.

Definition of HRM-

HRM is concerned with the people dimensions in management. Since every organization is made

up of people, acquiring their services, developing their skills, motivating them to higher levels of

performance and ensuring that they continue to maintain their commitment to the organization are

essential for achieving organizational objectives.

HRM is planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the procurement, development,

compensation, integration, maintenance and separation of human resources to the end so that

individual, organizational and social objectives are accomplished.

The HR practices of Ultratech Cement Ltd (RMC Division) are as follows:

1.Recruitment and Selection:

RECRUITMENT-

It is a process to discover the sources of manpower to meet the requirements of the staffing

schedules and to employ the effective measures for attracting that manpower in adequate numbers

to facilitate effective selection of an efficient workforce.

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Edwin B. Flippo has defined it as “ the process of searching for prospective employees and

stimulating them to apply for jobs in the organization. “

OBJECTIVES of RECRUITMENT

To attract people with multi-dimensional skills and experiences that suti the present and future

organizational strategies,

To infuse fresh blood at all levels of the organization,

To develop an organisational culture that attracts competent people to the company,

To search for talent globally and not just within the company,

To design entry pay that competes on quality but not on quantum,

To anticipate and find people for positions that do not exists yet.

PROCESS

Finding out the requirement (hiring vs. exit), upcoming vacancies, kind of employees needed.

Developing suitable techniques to attract suitable candidates.

Stimulating as many candidates as possible.

FACTORS affecting RECRUITMENT

INTERNAL FACTORS EXTERNAL FACTORS

Employer’s brand Socio-economic factors

Company’s pay package Supply & Demand factors

Quality of work life Employment Rate

Organisation culture Labour market conditions

Career planning & growth Political, Legal, Governmental factors

Company’s size

Company’s products, services

Role of trade unions

Cost of recruitment

Company’s name & fame.

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SOURCES of RECRUITMENTINTERNAL SOURCES EXTERNAL SOURCES

Present employees Campus Recruitment

Retired employees Private employment consultant

Dependent of present Data Banks

Employee Referrals Casual Applicants

Trade Unions

Walk-ins

Head Hunting

Mergers & Acquisitions

E-Recruitment

It helps in translating Business Strategy into people requirements. A combination of internal

recruitment, campus recruitment, and executive search is leveraged to meet up to the changing

needs of the organization

In today’s rapidly changing business environment, organizations have to respond quickly to

requirements for people. Hence, it is important to have a well-defined recruitment policy in place,

which can be executed effectively to get the best fits for the vacant positions. Selecting the wrong

candidate or rejecting the right candidate could turn out to be costly mistakes for the organization.

Selection

It is one area where the interference of external factors is minimal. Hence the HR department can

use its discretion in framing its selection policy and using various selection tools for the best

result. Recruitment of staff should be preceded by:

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An analysis of the job to be done (i.e. an analytical study of the tasks to be performed to determine

their essential factors) written into a job description so that the selectors know what physical and

mental characteristics applicants must possess, what qualities and attitudes are desirable and what

characteristics are a decided disadvantage.

Effectively, selection is 'buying' an employee (the price being the wage or salary multiplied by

probable years of service) hence bad buys can be very expensive. For that reason some firms (and

some firms for particular jobs) use external expert consultants for recruitment and selection.

Equally some small organizations exist to 'head hunt', i.e. to attract staff with high reputations

from existing employers to the recruiting employer. However, the 'cost' of poor selection is such

that, even for the mundane day-to-day jobs, those who recruit and select should be well trained to

judge the suitability of applicants.

Outsourcing is also done through consultancies by mentioning the requirement, number and time.

Where the organization does its own printed advertising it is useful if it has some identifying logo

as its trade mark for rapid attraction and it must take care not to offend the sex, race, etc.

antidiscrimination legislation either directly or indirectly. The form on which the applicant is to

apply (personal appearance, letter of application, completion of a form) will vary according to the

posts vacant and numbers to be recruited.

Interviewing can be carried out by individuals (e.g. supervisor or departmental manager), by

panels of interviewers or in the form of sequential interviews by different experts and can vary

from a five minute 'chat' to a process of several days. Ultimately personal skills in judgment are

probably the most important.

Training in interviewing and in appraising candidates is clearly essential to good recruitment.

Largely the former consists of teaching interviewers how to draw out the interviewee and the

latter how to rate the candidates. For consistency (and as an aid to checking that) rating often

consists of scoring candidates for experience, knowledge, physical/mental capabilities, intellectual

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levels, motivation, prospective potential, leadership abilities etc. (according to the needs of the

post). Application of the normal curve of distribution to scoring eliminates freak judgments

The Recruitment Process of UTCL-

The recruitment process of UTCL Cement Ltd starts from the requirement of different

departments as per to the org chart. Then they tell to the HR Department. HR Department takes

the candidates from Data bank of company, Poornata etc, then does the short-listing, then does the

scheduling for the interview. After this the selection and negotiation process occurs. Then offer

letter is been given to the selected candidate. The employee then joins in the organization. Then

the company arranges the Induction Program for the employee. After this the recruitment process

ends with this.

The Chart of Recruitment & Selection Process has been given here.

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2. Performance Management System

It is a structured method of formally and objectively evaluating employees’ performance with

respect to their objectives. It addresses the issue of an employee’s development by providing them

with structured and in-depth analysis of strengths and areas of improvement. It provides with

input for annual increments, training and development.

For an organization the aim should not be just to have the best people, but also to retain them and

get best out of them.

Employee Performance management includes planning work and setting expectations, developing

the capacity to perform, continuously monitoring performance and evaluating it.

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HOD

Requisition for Vacancy to be as per Org Chart

HRData bankReq AgencyPoornata

Short Listing

Scheduling the interview Interview

Selection &Negotiation

Offer LetterJoining

Induction

END

Most organizations focus on an annual evaluation process for employees and call that

Performance Management. However, annual evaluations are often subjective and can lack specific

measurements and supportive data to help the employee truly improve their behavior.

Simply putting, a Performance Management System is essential to the success of any organization

because it influences the effort expended by employees, which in turn, drives bottom-line business

results. Furthermore, the Performance Management System helps an organization identify, recruit,

motivate, and retain key employees.

An effective Performance Management System should achieve the following:

Review the employment cycle of every employee,

Beginning with the recruiting process,

Employee development,

Ending with effective exit interviews.

Employee’s knowledge, skills, and abilities with the organization's human capital needs and

business objectives.

Provide managers and employees with the tools necessary to focus on short-term and long-term

goals that contribute to both career and organizational success.

Support the organization in developing and sustaining a culture that recognizes and rewards

individual contributions and team performance.

Promote a work climate that requires employees to remain flexibly focused. For instance,

employees can manage current tasks and unit goals while keeping pace with, and adapting to,

change in the work environment.

HR Performance Management System can be performed in three steps:

Needs Analysis

Identifying Competencies

Development of effective Performance Management System.

PURPOSE

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For Administration-

Document HR decisions with regards to performance & its related issues.

Determine promotion of employees.

Determine increment in pay of employees.

Determine transfer & change in job assignments.

Determine retention or termination.

Decide on layoffs.

Decide need for training

Decide salary & related issues.

For Development-

Provide performance feedback to all concerned.

Identify individual skills, core competencies, strength & weaknesses.

Assist employees in setting goals.

Identify training needs.

Improve communication.

Method employed -

Rating & Contribution

Management by Objectives (MBO )-

Advanced by Peter F. Drucker, way back in 1954. During last decade about 50 organisations have

adopted MBO in work settings.

MBO is a process whereby superior & subordinate managers of an organization jointly identify its

common goals, define each individual’s major areas of responsibilities in terms of results expected

of him & use these measures of guides for operating the unit & assessing the contribution of its

members.

The MBO focuses attention on participatively set goals that are tangible, verifiable

& measurable.

The superior & subordinates jointly determine goals to be considered during appraisal period &

what level of performance is necessary for subordinates to satisfactorily achieve specific goals.

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During performance appraisal period the superior & subordinates update & alter goals as

necessary due to changes in business environment.

If not achieved identify reasons for deviation.

SYSTEM of Performance Appraisal –

a) Establish Performance Standard.

b) Communicate standard & expectation to employees.

c) Measure actual performance, by following instructions.

d) Adjust actual performance due to environment influence.

e) Compare actual performance with set standards & find out deviations.

f) Suggest changes in job analysis & standards if necessary.

g) Follow up.

PROBLEMS-

Rating biases-

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Halo effect

Error of central tendency.

Personal Prejudice.

Recency effect.

Mainly the performance management of UTCL is done by online system includes the following

basic processes

1. Annual goal setting

2. Mid year review

3. Annual performance review

1.Annual goal setting –

In the month of April/May every year, after the annual planning and budgeting rounds, all teams

identify their KRA’s and goals for the forthcoming financial year. This process occurs by offline.

Then the employees fill their goal setting document in the Poornata system, listing the KRA’s,

Goals, Measurement Criteria, Assigning Weightage and due date for completion of specific goals

as already discussed offline.

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Then they notify the same to their manager/immediate supervisor and await approval.

The manager recommends any changes if required or else approves the goals set in the

document.

The approval of the goals set by the managers completes the goal setting process.

The approved documents will be then available to the employees as well as their managers for

the reference throughout the year. These documents can also be viewed by manager’s manager

(Reviewer) for their indirect subordinates.

2. Mid Year Review:

Mid year review of goals set at the beginning of the financial year held on the months of

October/November every year.

The mid year review generally initiated by the manager.

The main focus of the mid year review is to check if the goals set at the beginning of the year

are relevant or if they need to be revised or updated.

The mid year review is also an opportunity for the manager and his team members to identify

and discuss about any performance issues and initiate corrective action for the same.

The mid year review does not entail any ratings.

3. Annual Performance review:

The annual performance reviews against goals set and achieved held during the months of April-

May every year.

The employee completes his self-review /appraisal against goals set, online in the Poornata

system and submits the same to his manager for review.

The manager then discuss the performance of the employee with him/her off-line, give him

feedback on his performance and capture his own comments and performance ratings against

goals and overall ratings in the manager’s evaluation form.

The manager also discusses the employee’s performance as well as rating with the manager’s

manager (reviewer) and sends the document to the HR department for further processing.

3. Training and Development Page 26

The needs of individual are objectively identified & necessary interventions are planned for

identified groups, which get rolled out in a phased manner through training calendar.

The training and development program is charted out to cover the number of trainees, existing

staff etc. The programs also cover the identification of resource personnel for conducting

development program, frequency of training and development programs and budget allocation.

Training and development programs can also be designed depending upon job requirement and

analysis. Selection of trainees is also facilitated by job analysis.

The company has a strong focus on manpower training according to their requirements. The

internal training department aims at improving the skill sets relevant to the work profile of

employees.

This includes improving communication

Different skills

E-mail programming

Operation systems.

The design of the training program can be undertaken only when a clear training objective has

been produced. The training objective clears what goal has to be achieved by the end of training

program i.e. what the trainees are expected to be able to do at the end of their training. Training

objectives assist trainers to design the training program.

Training Design-The trainer – Before starting a training program, a trainer analyzes his technical, interpersonal,

judgmental skills in order to deliver quality content to trainers.

The trainees – A good training design requires close scrutiny of the trainees and their profiles.

Age, experience, needs and expectations of the trainees are some of the important factors that

affect training design.

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Training climate – A good training climate comprises of ambience, tone, feelings, positive

perception for training program, etc.

Trainees’ learning style – The learning style, age, experience, educational background of

trainees must be kept in mind in order to get the right pitch to the design of the program.

Training strategies – Once the training objective has been identified, the trainer translates it into

specific training areas and modules. The trainer prepares the priority list of about what must be

included, what could be included.

Training topics – After formulating a strategy, trainer decides upon the content to be delivered.

Trainers break the content into headings, topics and ad modules. These topics and modules are

then classified into information, knowledge, skills, and attitudes.

Sequence the contents – Contents are then sequenced in a following manner:

• From simple to complex

• Topics are arranged in terms of their relative importance

• From known to unknown

• From specific to general

• Dependent relationship

Training tactics – Once the objectives and the strategy of the training program becomes clear,

trainer comes in the position to select most appropriate tactics or methods or techniques. The

method selection depends on the following factors:

• Trainees’ background

• Time allocated

• Style preference of trainer

• Level of competence of trainer

• Availability of facilities and resources, etc

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Improve performance

“Training & Development is any attempt to improve current or future employee performance by

increasing an employee’s ability to perform through learning, usually by changing the employee’s

attitude or increasing his or her skills and knowledge.”

MEANING OF TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO UTCL: -

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The need for Training and Development is determined by the employee’s performance deficiency,

computed as follows.

Training & Development Need = Standard Performance – Actual Performance

Training: Training refers to the process of imparting specific skills. An employee undergoing

training is presumed to have had some formal education. No training program is complete without

an element of education. Hence we can say that Training is offered to operatives.

Development: Development means those learning opportunities designed to help employees to

grow. Development is not primarily skills oriented. Instead it provides the general knowledge and

attitudes, which will be helpful to employers in higher positions. Efforts towards development

often depend on personal drive and ambition. Development activities such as those supplied by

management development programs are generally voluntary in nature. Development provides

knowledge about business environment, management principles and techniques, human relations,

specific industry analysis and the like is useful for better management of a company.

The Training Inputs are

Skills

Education

Development

Ethics

Problem Solving Skills

Decision Making

Attitudinal Changes

Importance of Training & Development

Helps remove performance deficiencies in employees

Greater stability, flexibility and capacity for growth in an organization

Accidents, scraps and damages to machinery can be avoided

Serves as effective source of recruitment

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It is an investment in HR with a promise of better returns in future

Reduces dissatisfaction, absenteeism, complaints and turnover of employees

Needs of Training

Individual level

Diagnosis of present problems and future challenges

Improve individual performance or fix up performance deficiency

Improve skills or knowledge or any other problem

To anticipate future skill-needs and prepare employee to handle more challenging tasks

To prepare for possible job transfers

Training given on

Safety aspects

Behavorial aspects

Technical aspects

Communication skills

Identification of Training Needs (Methods)

Individual Training Needs Identification

1. Performance Appraisals

2. Interviews

3. Questionnaires

4. Attitude Surveys

5. Training Progress Feedback

6. Work Sampling

7. Rating Scales

Group Level Training Needs Identification

1. Organizational Goals and Objectives

2. Personnel / Skills Inventories

3. Organizational Climate Indices Page 31

4. Efficiency Indices

5. Exit Interviews

6. MBO / Work Planning Systems

7. Quality Circles

8. Customer Satisfaction Survey

9. Analysis of Current and Anticipated Changes

Benefits of Training Needs Identification

1. Trainers can be informed about the broader needs in advance

2. Trainers Perception Gaps can be reduced between employees and their supervisors

3. Trainers can design course inputs closer to the specific needs of the participants

4. Diagnosis of causes of performance deficiencies can be done.

5. Talent Management

It is a holistic and systematic process, across the group. It is built on the work done so far on

people processes, and has a Talent Identification and Talent Development Strategy for all the 3

levels of management i.e. Senior, Middle & Junior Management. This is facilitated by

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Development Assessment Center followed by Individual Development Plan, enabling planned

succession and career management.

The talent management process includes HR process for

Recruitment,

Performance,

Compensation,

Succession planning,

Learning and other capabilities around self-service,

Analytics

Reporting.

With businesses going global and competition becoming intense, there is mounting pressure on

organizations to deliver more and better than before. Organizations therefore need to be able to

develop and deploy people who can articulate the passion and vision of the organization and make

teams with the energy to perform at much higher levels.

Talent management is a key business process and like any business process takes inputs and

generates output.

Talent management is a professional term that gained popularity in the late 1990s. It refers to the

process of developing and fostering new workers through onboarding, developing and keeping

current workers and attracting highly skilled workers to work for your company. Talent

management in this context does not refer to the management of entertainers.

Companies that are engaged in talent management (human capital management) are strategic and deliberate in how they source, attract, select, train, develop, promote, and move employees through the organization. This term also incorporates how companies drive performance at the individual level (performance management).

The term talent management means different things to different people.

To some it is about the management of high-worth individuals or “the talented”.

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To others it is about how talent is managed generally - i.e. on the assumption that all people have

talent which should be identified and liberated.

5. Job Analysis & Evaluation

It is broadly categorized in two parts. Job Analysis is a process to understand the job, identify and

disaggregate the activities, competencies and accountabilities associated with the job. It defines

and clusters the task required to perform the job. It also clarifies boundaries between jobs. The

output of Job Analysis exercise is referred to as job description.

.

STEPS

(Process of Collecting Information)

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“Job Analysis is a process of studying and collecting information relating to operations and

responsibilities of a specific job. The immediate products of this analysis are ‘Job Description’

and ‘Job Specifications’.”

(Systematic Exploration of Activities)

“Job Analysis is a systematic exploration of activities within a job. It is a basic technical

procedure that is used to define duties and responsibilities and accountabilities of the job.”

(Identifying Job Requirements)

“Job is a collection of tasks that can be performed by a single employee to contribute to the

production of some product or service, provided by the organization. Each job has certain ability

requirements (as well as certain rewards) associated with it. Job Analysis is a process used to

identify these requirements.”

Each job is a unique description of a role that a person can hold in an organization or required to

be performed for the business benefit of that organization. When jobs are created, their tasks and

requirements are taken into consideration.

Jobs are used in the following components:

Job and Position Description

Shift Planning

Personnel Cost Planning

Career and Succession Planning

Note:

Job descriptions should be as general as possible and as detailed as necessary.

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JOBS

Positions

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Once you have created a job, define the number of positions required the enterprise.

Jobs are not staffed by employees. That is the role of positions. If more than one person must

perform jobs, more than one position must be created to meet this requirement.

A position inherits the job’s tasks, and can also be assigned its own additional tasks.

Positions can be 100% staffed, partially staffed, or vacant.

When we define a position as vacant, the system prompts us to define the period for which the

position will be vacant There will be a central authority that will be designated to declare

vacancies and make them available for Recruitment (both internal and external). Positions can

fall vacant due to reassignment or Separation as well. Such positions become unoccupied and

not vacant. Vacancy is thus a declared feature for a position.

A chief position is a position designated as the leader of a particular organizational unit.

By matching the requirements of a position and the qualifications of the employees, we will be

able to do career planning for employees and succession planning for positions.

A profile matching reports can also be run to review the results of how an existing employee or

an applicant fares against the requirements of a position.

6. Organizational Structure

Using the basic object types – constructs of relationships is built to

mirror the business edifices and processes. By assigning object

characteristics, validations, requirements etc, we can capture complex

organizational realities with relative ease.

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Process Flow:

Before creating all of the other necessary objects and relationships, the user must first create a

root organizational unit. Once one organizational unit has been created, it is recommended to

create the appropriate organizational units below it.

Jobs may be created after an organizational unit exists in the model.

You can assign cost centers to organizational units and Positions.

Inputs:Organization

chartRoot org unit

Additional Org units

Jobs if Required

Positions

Details to where the positions need to be mapped.

Position Details like Position Type, Position Sub Type, Department, and Sub department.

Every organization has its organizational structure. According to this every employee has some

specific work. The work also depends upon their levels. As per their levels in different

departments they will have to do their work.

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In RMC business, there are different departments so as to organize the work efficiently and

effectively. These are:

HR

Marketing

Technical

Commercial and Accounts

IT

Key Accounts

CRM

Quality

As for different departments different works has been specified for the different levels of people.

It helps them to perform their work, which has been specified to him. For similar jobs also the

work of the employees’ has been structured properly, to avoid the repetition of the work with the

other employees. It helps in decrease the overlapping of the work.

To manage the different levels of work the employees have been separated in to different

designations and different depts. According to their area of specialization. The designations which

have been given to the employees are based on the skills they have, grades, knowledge, varying

experiences. These designations have been specified as per the standard HR Practices of the

organizations, so as to make the organization different from other organizations.

In this way the organization stands in a better position than its competitors in the competitive

business.

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The different designations given to the employees in UTCL (RMC Division) are given in the

following table.

Designation (s)

Jt. President /Jt. Exc. President

Sr. Vice President

Vice President

Asst. Vice President

Sr. General Manager / General Manager

Dy. General Manager

Sr. Manager

Manager

Dy. Manager

Asst. Manager

Sr. Engr. /Sr. Officer

Engineer / Officer

Asst. Engr. / Asst. Officer

Jr. Engr. /Jr. Officer

Sr. Supervisor

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Supervisor

Support Staff

7. Human Resource Information System

POORNATA, an ERP (People soft) implementation of Human Resource practices has been

introduced in UTCL to elevate HR processes to world class levels and standardize them across

Units and Businesses. This has resulted in single integrated HR-ERP for all management cadre

employees of the group. These automated HR Processes will also aid in faster, efficient, timely

and accurate data availability to Management for decision-making.

UTCL’s People Soft Enterprise Performance Management (EPM) enables it to achieve world-

class performance by aligning the right information and resources to strategic objectives. People

Soft EPM offers performance management solutions for every budget and every phase of the

management cycle, helping its managers to formulate strategies for profitable growth, align

strategies with operational plans, and actively monitor day-to-day operations.

Poornata helps a lot in the different works of the organization. It helps in the following ways

It helps in entry of all the database of all the employees.

It reduces time to note all the databases of the employees.

It reduces different mistakes or errors while maintaining the databases

It helps in doing performance appraisal of the employees.

It also helps in doing the data updation of the employees.

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It helps in recruitment and selection of the employees

It reduces the time of the work

It also reduces the no of employees for maintaining the database.

It helps in maintaining the job description of employees.

It records the compensation details for the employee.

Poornata also helps the employees in this way,

Once the data of an employee entered in to Poornata (ERP), the employee gets a Poornata ID,

which helps the employees to know about the different policies of Organization.

They can know these policies directly from the ERP system.

As it done only through Online, there is no delay in getting different infomations.

It also helps them to do the reporting to the concerned person.

They can also fill their problems which they face during their work and send to their

departments.

In this way Poornata helps not only the managers but the employees also.

Poornata (ERP) helps UTCL in the following ways

Poornata helps in performing day to day roles.

Introduction – Poornata helps in creating and updating of the positions of the employees.

Each position will correspond to specific vacancy in the organization, have a specific headcount

defined for it and is also tied to the following specific attributes:

Business unit

Department

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Company

Job code

Location

Regulatory Region

Job Function

Reporting to position (The position to which this particular position reports to)

Career stages

Every time one or more of the above attributes change, the same have to be updated for the

position, or a new position may need to be created corresponding to the new combination of the

attributes.

Any individual who occupies a position will inherit the above-mentioned attributes of the position.

A position is thus specific and particular opening in the organization, as opposed to job codes,

which are more generic in nature. Job codes reflect the job points of the jobs across the

organization, whereas a position number reflects a specific job description in the organization.

Poornata helps and gives hints and warns the user the important information he must know

about the Poornata system.

It provides the additional information to assist the user & provide key information.

It also tells the frequently asked questions with respect to hiring employees.

It also shows the common error and warning messages that the user may get at the time of

hiring.

It needs the information about regarding these:

Employee ID, Position Number, Job code (the job points of the employee), Company (The legal

entity to which an employee /department is attached.), The Business unit to which the employee

belongs to, Location (i.e. where the employee works), Department etc.

Following are the steps that will be used to maintain positions and department budgets

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Creating new positions

Updating the information for existing positions as and when required

1. Creating a new position

A position corresponds to a specific vacancy in the organization. Hence a position should be

created in Poornata, only when a new vacancy has arisen in the organization, and the approval for

the same has been obtained offline.

Only after the offline approval has been obtained, should the position be created in the system, i.e.

only pre-approved positions should be entered in to the system.

2. Updating The information for existing positions

From time to time the user should update the information for an existing position.

Typical situations are when:

The position attributes or the approved max headcount for the position has changed.

The position no longer exists.

Organizational Restructuring.

Direct Hire Process:

It helps in doing the directly hiring an employee by Poornata system.

Introduction: The direct hiring process involves an employee being directly added to the Poornata

system that is the situation where his information doesn’t exits as applicant in the Poornata

system.

An employee on joining the group would fill up the joining check list and the related forms as per

the unit policy. The HR administrator would then hire him into the system by capturing his

relevant information with respect to his personal job compensation, qualifications and dependents’

information.

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The hire action will be used to capture the event of the employee’s joining the organization. There

can be either of two reasons for hire:

Joining the ABG: This will reflect the situation where an employee joins a unit of the ABG

group directly.

Joining the acquired company: This will reflect the situation where an employee had joined an

organization, which was subsequently acquired by ABG.

Going forward the action of joining the acquired company will be used to enter the data of those

employees from the non-management cadre moving into the management cadre who had

originally joined a company that was acquired by ABG.

The following information would be captured at the time of hiring the employee.

Personal information – Name, address, NIN, DOB, gender marital status, religion / caste.

Job related information related to hiring, his position a related details.

Compensation information with respect to the break of his CTC

Recording personal actions for an employee

Introduction: Post hiring as the employee moves through the organization, there would be various

kinds of updation in the employee data. Broadly the processes that an employee could move

through in the course of his life cycle in the organization comprise:

Probation, followed by confirmation.

Promotion

Pay rate change

Transfer

Resignation

Termination

Separation /Retirement

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8. Compensation Philosophy of the company-

It is an outcome of what the Organization would like to pay for, which is determined by external

and internal factors. All the processes are aligned to reinforce the philosophy. The company views

compensation not only as something that reflects on the pay slip or in the CTC (Cost To

Company) but also they are concerned about overall employee well being though they may not

put any monetary value on items like Scholarships, Club membership, Retirement benefit, Health

and Accident coverage.

The Group’s approach towards various aspects of compensation focuses on:

• Pay for performance (Variable Pay)

Rewards stretch performance which is linked to business, team and individual results

• Compensation increase

Pay for the job

Internal equity based on contribution to the organization

• External benchmarking

Relevant industry segment and people market

Parameters beyond compensation: head count/ level/ reporting

Individual profile and performance

To be market aware, not blindly follow market practices

• Compensation structure

Tax efficient but compliant

Common perk structure but varying amount

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Three major terms used in the company’s compensation:

1. Fixed Cost: It is the fixed component of the salary that is committed to an employee and is paid

on monthly / annual basis. This includes base salary, all perks and reimbursements and retrials

such as PF, Gratuity and Superannuation.

2. Variable Pay: This is the variable component, payout of which is contingent on Business,

Unit/Zone and Individual performance. Targets for the year will be fixed and communicated at the

beginning of every performance year

3. Cost to Company: This is a sum of Fixed Cost and Variable Pay.

CTC is decided based on designation, qualification and experience. Basic is around 42% of fixed

cost without housing. Perks and allowances are fixed as per the designations. Variable pay based

on job band is payable at 18%, 15% and 12% of fixed cost without housing. Balance amount is

paid as special allowance.

9. EXIT INTERVIEWS

An exit interview is simply a conversation between a departing employee (who is leaving the

company either voluntarily or involuntarily) and a representative from the organization. The

interview can follow a structured format or be conducted on an informal basis; written

questionnaires can even be used in place of a face-to-face meeting. Whichever format is used, exit

interviews are generally documented.

Traditionally, exit interviews are conducted with employees leaving an organization. The purpose

of the interview is to provide feedback on why employees are leaving, what they liked or didn’t

like about their employment and what areas of the organization they feel need improvement. Exit

interviews are one of the most widely used methods of gathering employee feedback, along with

employee satisfaction surveys.

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Benefits of Exit Interview

Exit interviews can be a win-win situation for both the organization and the leaver. The

organization gets to retain a portion of the leaver’s knowledge and make it available to others,

while the leaver gets to articulate their unique contributions to the organization and to ‘leave their

mark’.

Exit interviews offer a fleeting opportunity to find out information that otherwise might be more

difficult or impossible to obtain. The exit interview is an important learning tool for employers.

When properly conducted, the interview provides the employer with the opportunity to:

Discuss and clarify the reasons for the termination

Clarify pay and benefits issues (e.g., receipt of the last paycheck, the amount of unused

vacation, conversion or continuation of benefits, terms of a severance package, unemployment

insurance, etc.)

Explain company policies relating to departing employees (e.g., trade secret confidentiality,

restrictive covenants or non-compete agreements, the possibility of future re-employment,

freelance or contract work, the provision of references to prospective employers, etc.)

Ensure the return of keys, security cards, and company property

Obtain information about improper or questionable management practices connected with the

employee's termination

Obtain information about a supervisor's management skills

Obtain information about how effectively a department operates

Obtain feedback about employees' opinions and attitudes about the company

Resolve or defuse any remaining disputes with the exiting employee

Protect itself against subsequent charges that the employee was forced to resign (i.e.,

constructive discharge)

UTCL is doing this interview. Because it knows “Learn of potential changes in policies and

practices that may make the company more competitive (e.g., compensation and benefits

packages, flexible work arrangements).

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EXPOSURE to OTHER KEY HR OPERATIONS

Approval of loans.

Expense related issues.

Clearance certificates.

Local conveyance.

Exit interview form.

Application form.

Joining formalities.

Making joining letters.

Maintaining personal files with updated details.

Verifying Mediclaims.

Comparison of HR Practices With the MASLOW’S theory-

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MASLOW’S NEED HIERACHY THEORY

Explanation:-

According to Maslow “Human beings have wants & desires which can influence their behavior.

Only unsatisfied needs can influence behavior, satisfied needs do not act as motivators. Since

needs are many, they are arranged in the order of their importance, or hierarchy from the basic to

complex.”

Physiological Needs -

The most basic, powerful & obvious of all human needs is the need for physical survival. Included

in this group are the needs for food, drink, sleep, protection from extreme temperature etc. That

means the basic needs.

In UTCL physiological needs are represented by

Employees’ concern for salary

Basic working conditions.

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Self-Esteem

Belongingness & Love

Safety Needs

Physiological Needs

ISelf Actualization

E.g.-In workers level it is providing the basic needs (e.g. through wages), which are required for

them.

It gives all hygienic factors to the workers (better working environment). It’s also providing

uniforms & shoes, so that they will get satisfied at their working place and get motivated to work

efficiently.

It’s not only providing the physiological needs at working level but at employees’ level also.

Safety Needs-

Once physiological needs are met, another set of motives, called safety or security needs, become

motivators. The primary motivating force here is to ensure a reasonable degree of continuity,

order, structure, & predictability in one’s environment.

In UTCL security needs means the factors like

Job security,

Salary increments,

Safe working conditions etc.

It also satisfy the safety needs of employees include

Group insurance,

Provident fund, gratuity,

Safe working conditions,

Grievance procedure,

System of seniority to govern lay-off etc.

It’s definitely provides job securities to its employees because once employee get in to the

organization, the chances of retrenchment is very less till the employee has not done any thing

misconduct. Because of these reasons employees can satisfy their safety needs. That is the reason

for low attrition in the organization.

Belonging & Love Needs -

The belonging & Love needs constitute the third level in the hierarchy of needs. These needs arise

when physiological & safety needs are satisfied.

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In UTCL the work groups are very co-operative.

There present the peer acceptance,

Professional friendship &

Friendly supervision in the organization.

Here the managers also encourage informal group.

So there is completely a friendly working environment.

That’s why employees are very friendly.

Self-Esteem Needs-

Next in Maslow’s hierarchy is esteem or egoistic needs.

In the work place of UTCL, self-esteem needs are;

Job title, merit pay,

Peer/supervisory recognition,

Challenging works,

Responsibility etc.

The Group fulfils these needs by giving

Challenging work assignments,

Performance appraisals,

Performance recognition,

Involving employees in goal setting & decision making.

In this way UTCL satisfies the self-esteem needs of employees.

Self-Actualization Needs-

Finally if all the above four levels’ needs are satisfied, the needs for self-actualization comes. The

employees who are in the highest position in UTCL are comes under these needs like:

1. V.P.,

2. President,

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3. GM etc.

4. All top level employees.

They are getting all types of facilities like mobile, medical, education, conveyance allowances

etc.So they are in the position that they are satisfied with all the needs. Now they are helping their

juniors for the betterment of the organization. All the five needs of Maslow’s hierarchy are

fulfilled by UTCL. So the employees are getting motivated and performing efficiently in the

organization, which impacts directly on the success of UTCL group. That’s why the attrition rate

is less in the organization, which is one of the reason for the success of the companies.

KEY LEARNINGS FROM THE PROJECT

Firstly it was a very good experience to work and learn with a world class for two months as it

was my first step into the corporate world.

When I saw my senior people doing each & every kind of work I came to know how much

important is each & every work. Maintaining files in systematic manner with each & every detail

is very important, if not done it hinders the work whenever these are required for reference in

medical claim formalities, appraisal etc.

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As I worked with the employees of HR department in the organization during the project they

shared their experience and learnings with me, which was a very good opportunity I got during

my project.

I learned different HR Policies of the organization which were unknown to me before entering

to the corporate world.

I also learned how much the values and culture of the organization impacts the employees

productivity. Like here the Seniors were approachable in nature, I felt an open culture.

Many a times I felt people are not open to new ideas and they are resistant to change.

I have gained some learning from every individual working here; it might be in terms of

knowledge, skills, behavior or personal traits etc.

I have learned many small, minute things by observations, being in the HR department for 2

months, which could not be learnt simply by reading books theoretically. The practical experience

was totally different.

I have also learnt that a HR person should be very polite, soft spoken & good in handling

people. Co-ordination with all departments is very necessary especially with Finance Department.

OBSERVATIONS AND FINDINGS

During the study of the project I observed different functions of the HR Department. I

got the knowledge about the different types of HR Policies functioning in the

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organization. I also got knowledge about how the organization is following their values

in a very sincere way.

I learnt how and what types of facilities are being provided to the employees .

I also observed how they are doing the Performance Appraisal on basis of the

achievement of the targets by the employees in the time given to them through ERP.

I got the knowledge about different departments in a manufacturing company and idea

about the challenges what the employees are facing while performing their work.

As I worked on the ERP system of the organization, I came to know that how they are

maintaining the database of the employees for all departments region-wise & its

importance.

They emphasis on providing proper working environment to their employees, so that the

employees can work efficiently & smoothly .

RECOMMENDATIONS

The company should give the compensation as per to the skills, so that the employees

could do the efficient work.

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Organizations must enhance work force motivation to improve productivity. Workers must

be encouraged and motivated to develop a customer satisfaction mind set.

Organizations need to empower their workers by allowing them greater autonomy and

control and to design jobs that are more stimulating. This will enhance the personal

productivity.

Interdependency of different departments should be well studied, co-ordinated for

effective output.

Training schedule is worked out well here with proper planning schedule.

Recruitment proper planned, structured according to openings in plant, new vacancies.

Goal Setting programs undertaken with schedule to find potential prospective employees

for higher posts, giving training, discussing the on job responsibilities.

The employee goals are well studied and structured. The Key Related Areas are properly

designed & clearly mentioned to employees.

NOMENCLATURE AND ABBRIVIATION

1. UTCL: - Ultratech Cement Ltd.

2. VSF: - Viscose Staple Fibre.

3. KPI: - Key Performance Indicator.

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4. VFY: - Viscose Filament Yarn.

5. RMC: - Ready Mix Concrete.

6. OYOCS: - Own Your Own Car Scheme.

7. CRM: - Cement Research Management.

8. EPM: - Enterprise Performance Management.

9. ERP: - Enterprise Resource Planning.

10. HRA: - House Rent Allowance.

11. LTA: - Leave Travel Assistance

LIMITATIONS

During the project there were various constraints, which were faced.

The review is done in retrospect and is an average of six months old, so recollection of

events is poor.

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The opinions of staff and manager are often in opposition, causing de-motivation.

The process is usually Manager driven and the staff member is expected to be compliant

in the interview.

The process usually involves the Manager giving their opinion and the staff member

having to defend the position, rather than a positive discussion.

The process is usually done in a rushed manner to meet a budget development process

and therefore loses its relevance to performance.

Results of merit rating are not accurate unless factors in the assessment are relevant.

Sometimes, proper weightage may not be given to different qualities to be rated.

Actual rating of subjective factors like initiative & personality of employees may not be

on scientific lines.

Superior may be biased.

Method of Appraisal unreliable.

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