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Adolescence 2CPH

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    ADOLESCENTS

    Aimeriel Buiza

    Angela Beatrice Dela Rosa

    Emman Ollica

    Nicole Cortez

    Kristel Racoma

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    ADOLESCENCE - Adolescence is the developmental

    phase between childhood andadulthood characterized by rapidchanges in physical, psychosocial, moral,

    and cognitive growth. There are 3 stagesof adolescence: early (11-13 years), mid(14-16 years), and late (>17 years).

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    PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTGIRLS

    Girls may begin to developbreast buds as early as 8 yearsold. Breasts develop fullybetween ages 12 and 18.

    Pubic hair, armpit and leg hairusually begin to grow at aboutage 9 or 10, and reach adultpatterns at about 13 to 14years.

    Menarche (the beginning ofmenstrual periods) typicallyoccurs about 2 years after earlybreast and pubic hair appear. Itmay occur as early as age 10,or as late as age 15. Theaverage age of menstruation inthe United States is about 12.5years.

    Girls have a rapid growth inheight between ages 9.5 and14.5, peaking at around age 12.

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    BOYS

    Boys may begin to notice that theirtesticles and scrotum grow as earlyas age 9. Soon, the penis begins tolengthen. By age 16 or 17, theirgenitals are usually at their adult sizeand shape.

    Pubic hair growth -- as well as armpit,leg, chest, and facial hair -- begins inboys at about age 12, and reachesadult patterns at about 15 to 16years.

    Boys do not start puberty with asudden incident, like the beginningof menstrual periods in girls. Havingregular nocturnal emissions (wetdreams) marks the beginning ofpuberty in boys. Wet dreamstypically start between ages 13 and17, with the average at about 14.5years.

    Boys' voices change at the sametime as the penis grows. Nocturnalemissions occur with the peak of theheight spurt.

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    COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTEARLY ADOLESCENCE

    - Children begin their teen years discovering their own personalities. Upuntil this point, many decisions have been made by parents, oftenwith little or limited input from the child. During early adolescence,children are being allowed to use their thinking skills to make up their

    own minds about things.

    Examples of choices that the early adolescent can successfullymake include:

    What sport to play?

    Which groups of friends to join? How they want to dress and what hairstyle they prefer? What parental rules they feel should be changed and the reason

    behind their feelings?

    Sometimes the views of the early adolescent are in direct opposition tothe adult who cares for them and teen conflicts start brewing.Understanding this level of cognitive development in early adolescenceallows for compromise on certain issues.

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    MIDDLE ADOLESCENCE

    - Middle adolescence can be trying for both the teen and

    the parent. This is the time when cognitive development isbroadening and the teen thinks in more futuristic terms.Complex thinking skills are used to focus on how a teenviews the world around him and where he fits into thepicture.

    Examples of middle adolescent cognitive thinking include:

    Questioning and analyzing politics, sexual orientation, andcareer goals

    Developing personal code of ethics or moral standards

    Thinking more about life in the long term, visualizing pasttomorrow Begins systematically making and influencing relationships Begins asking about what they want to be or who they

    really are

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    LATE ADOLESCENCE

    - During late adolescence, the complex thinking skills whichhave been developed are now used to focus on moreglobal thoughts. The teen becomes less self-centered andmore mature, looking at what his role is in the community.A teen now must figure out what kind of adult he will beand how he will fit into the adult world.

    Examples of critical thinking in late adolescence include:

    Career decisions and college choices Healthy living choices Idealistic views versus reality Developing personal views and intolerance for opposite

    opinions. Weighing parental Input

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    EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT The major personality achievement of adolescence is theformation of an individual identity. Identity development is an

    ongoing process as teens "try out" various life possibilities. Adolescents explore and test ideas, values, morals, and religious

    and political beliefs. A firmly held conviction today may be totallydiscarded next week.

    They spend a significant amount of time daydreaming about their

    future. Adolescents who feel attached to their parents but also free to

    explore, develop and voice their own opinions, show greateremotional stability and higher self-esteem.

    Making and sustaining friendships is extremely important toadolescents. Teens report their most favorable moods when in thecompany of friends.

    The majority of teens are influenced by peer groups in short- termday to day matters such as clothing style, music, and choice offriends, while parents have more impact on basic life values andeducational plans.

    The negative impact of having anti-social, drug-using friends isstrongest for teenagers whose parents are either extremely lax anddisinterested or very controlling and harsh.

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    MILESTONES INDEPENDENCE

    In early adolescence, children want to break away from their parents. They prefer tospend time with friends than family. In mid adolescence, children are ambiguousabout the separation, but by late adolescence your child should resolve theseissues. BODY IMAGEIn early adolescence, your child adjusts to pubescent changes. In mid adolescence,children "try on" different images to find their real self. By late adolescence, yourchild should develop a satisfying body image.

    RELATIONSHIPSIn early adolescence, children hang around unisex friends. In mid adolescence yourchild will spend more time in a heterosexual peer group. By late adolescence,expect that individual relationships will become more important to your child thanthe peer group. CAREER PLANSIn early and mid adolescence, career plans are vague. As your child enters lateadolescence, specific goals and steps to implement these goals are present in your

    child's mind. VALUE SYSTEMYour early adolescent will test your moral system. Mid adolescents are self-centered.Late adolescents have a rigid concept of right and wrong, and are other-oriented. SEXUAL DRIVESEarly adolescents are sexually curious, and by mid adolescence they may beginsexual experimentation. In late adolescence, however, they begin intimacy andcaring.

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    DOSAGE

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    ADOLESCENTS

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