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Appendix B, page 1

APPENDIX B

ABBREVIATED INDEX

This index consists of groupings of related principal term names of terms defined in this glossary. The groupings are arranged by technological families to provide the user the opportunity to browseamong related definitions. For brevity, where numerous alphabetically consecutive term names ofdefined terms begin with the same word, only the first defined term name is included in this index. For example, eight defined terms beginning with the word "facsimile" follow the entry forfacsimile in the body of the glossary. In this mini index, only the first, parent, term is listed becausethe additional entries are easily found after locating the parent term in the body of the glossary.

ADP / AIS / MIS:automated information system (AIS)automatic data handling (ADH)automatic data processing (ADP)automatic data processing

equipment (ADPE)batch processingclearing Antennas:fetch protection acceptance patternFIP equipment antennahardware aperiodic antennainformation apertureinformation system aperture illuminationmachine-independent aperture-to-medium coupling lossmanagement information system beam

(MIS) beam diameterman-machine system beam divergenceonline computer system beam steeringparallel processing beamwidthpenetration biconical antennarecovery procedure billboard antennaremote access data processing boresightremote batch entry Cassegrain antennaremote batch processing collinear antenna arrayremote job entry (RJE) corner reflectorremote operations service element counterpoise

(ROSE) protocol departure anglesecurity filter despun antennasecurity kernel diplex operationstandby dipole antennasystem administration directional antennasystem analysis direct raysystem documentation effective antenna gain contour (of asystem integration steerable satellite beam)system integrity effective boresight area (of asystem management steerable satellite beam)systems design effective height

technical vulnerability effective isotropically radiatedtrusted computing base (TCB) power (e.i.r.p.)trusted computer system (TCS) effective monopole radiated poweruser (e.m.r.p.) (in a given direction)validation effective radiated power (e.r.p.) (inwork station a given direction)

fan-beam antennafar-field radiation patternfar-field regionfeedFresnel zonefront-to-back ratioground planehelical antennaheterodyne repeaterhornhybrid couplerimage antennaintermediate-field regionisotropic antennalobelog-periodic (LP) antennaloopmain lobemulticouplermulti-element dipole antennanatural frequencynear-field regionnullomnidirectional antennaorthomode transducerparabolic antennaparasitic elementperiodic antennaperiscope antennaphased arrayplanar arraypropagation mode

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radiation pattern coded character set secure transmissionradiation resistance code-division multiple access segmented encoding lawradio beam (CDMA) self-synchronizing coderadio horizon comma-free code shannonradio horizon range (RHR) data network identification code synchronization coderadio range (DNIC) time codereference antenna delay encoding time-gated direct-sequence spreadreflective array antenna dense binary code spectrumrhombic antenna differential encoding transcodingshadow loss differential Manchester encoding two-out-of-five codeside lobe digital alphabet uniform encodingsingle-polarized antenna dipulse coding unit-distance codeskip zone direct-sequence spread spectrum variantsky wave duobinary signal zero-level decoderslewing EBCDICslot antenna error-correcting codespace diversity error-detecting codespillover error-detecting systemspot beam escape character (ESC)test antenna filtered symmetric differentialuniform linear array phase-shift keying (FSDPSK)whip antenna gold codeYagi antenna Gray code

Hagelbarger codeCodes / Coding: regenerationadaptive predictive coding (APC) strokealphabetic codealphanumeric codeanalog decodinganalog encodinganalog-to-digital converter (ADC) balanced codebar codeBaudot codeBCH codeB8ZSbinary codebinary-coded decimal (BCD)binary-coded decimal (BCD)

notationbinary elementbinary notationbipolar signalbit configurationbit pairingB6ZSB3ZScodecodeccode character

Hamming codeHuffman codinghypertextlinear predictive coding (LPC)line codeManchester codemarkmicrocodemodified AMI codemotion compensationmultiple frequency-shift keying

(MFSK)multiprogrammingn-ary codenon-return-to-zero change-on-ones

(NRZ1) non-return-to-zero (NRZ) non-return-to-zero mark (NRZ-M)non-return-to-zero space (NRZ-S)n-unit codepaired disparity codeparityreconstructed sampleredundant codereturn-to-zero (RZ) run-length encodingscrambler

Computer Graphics:addressabilityaddressable pointcomputer graphicshard copyjoy sticklandscape modepointerportrait mode

Computer Hardware:communications processor unit

(CPU)comparatorcompatibilitycomputercomputer architecturecomputer systemCPUdigital computerdirect connectfile servergeneral purpose computerhardwarehost computerhybrid computerinput-output channelinvertermainframemicrocomputermicro-mainframe linkmicroprocessormonitor

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mouse computer word reserved wordmultiprocessor core dump residentoperating system cross assembler restartparallel computer diagnostic program retrieval serviceparallel port firmware routinePOSIX global runprocess computer system graphical user interface (GUI) screenprocess control graphic character security filterprocessing unit high-level language (HLL) security kernelprocess interface system HTML SGMLprocessor hypermedia shellregister hypertext softwaresecurity filter icon source languagesecurity kernel identifier (ID) source programserial computer illegal character statementserial port instruction structured programmingspecial purpose computer intermediate language subroutinestandby intermediate-level language supervisory programstored-program computer interpret switchtouch-sensitive job symbolic languagetrusted computing base (TCB) kernel syntaxtrusted computer system (TCS) label system softwarewarm restart LAN application (software) target languagework station language time-sharing

language processor trace programComputer Programming /

Languages / Software:abstract syntax notation one

(ASN.1)Ada®application program interface (API)assembleassemblerassembly languageassembly timebindingbranch Command / ErrorbugcallCASECASE technologyC-languageCOBOLcompartmentationcompatibilitycompilecompilercomputer languagecomputer-oriented languagecomputer program

link translatorload trusted computing base (TCB)loop trusted computer system (TCS)machine-independent underflowmachine instruction UNIXmachine language utility programmicroinstruction virusmicroprogram wildcard charactermonitor word processingmultitaskingnetwork control program (NCP)network operating systemoperandoperating systemoverlaypathpointerprocedure-oriented languageprogramprogram architectureprogrammableprogrammable read-only memory

(PROM)programmerprogramming languageprompt

TM

Control / Control Characters /

Correction / Handshaking:acknowledge character (ACK)ARQbackward channelbackward signalbackward supervisionBCH codeblock checkblock paritycall control charactercall control signalcancel character (CAN)

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carrier sense multiple access nontransparent mode phase-frequency distortion(CSMA) overhead information quantizing distortion

channel bits password signal droopcharacter pilot single-harmonic distortioncharacter check process computer system start-stop distortioncharacter interval process control total harmonic distortion (THD)check bit process control equipmentcheck character process control systemcheck digit ready-for-data signalchecksum redundancyclear confirmation signal redundancy checkcommand residual error ratiocommand frame respond opportunitycommand menu responsecommand protocol data unit Shannon's lawcommon-channel signaling source quenchconnection-in-progress signal start signalcontrol character substitute (SUB) charactercontrol communications summation checkcontrol operation synchronous idle character (SYN)convolutional code transverse parity checkcyclic redundancy check (CRC) undetected error ratiodata link escape character (DLE) who-are-you (WRU) characterdata transfer request signalDCE clear signalDCE waiting signaldelimiterdisabling toneend-of-medium characterend-of-selection characterend-of-text character (ETX)end-of-transmission-block character

(ETB)end-of-transmission character

(EOT)enquiry character (ENQ)error controlerror-correcting codeerror-correcting systemerror-detecting codeerror-detecting systemflagforward error correction (FEC)Hagelbarger codeHamming codehandshakingidle characterlongitudinal redundancy check

(LRC)negative-acknowledge character

(NAK)

Distortion / Dispersion / descramblerDiffraction:

amplitude distortionamplitude-vs.-frequency distortionbias distortioncharacteristic distortioncyclic distortiondegree of isochronous distortiondegree of start-stop distortiondelay distortiondiffractiondispersiondispersion-limited operationdistortiondistortion-limited operationend distortionfeeder echo noisefortuitous distortionharmonic distortionintermodulation distortionintramodal distortionisochronous distortionknife-edge effectmarginmultimode distortionnonlinear distortion

Encryption / Decryption:bulk encryptionciphercipher systemcipher textciphonycivisioncodress messagecompromiseCOMSEC equipmentcovercryptanalysisCRYPTOData Encryption Standard (DES)decipherdecodedecrypt

encipherencodeencoding lawencryptend-to-end encryptiongarblegroupkeykey distribution center (KDC)key managementkey streamlink encryptionmultiplex link encryptionnet control station (NCS)nullOTARplain textprotected distribution system (PDS)protection interval (PI)pseudorandom number generatorpublic key cryptographyRED / BLACK conceptRED signalrekeyingremote rekeying

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security management multipath aligned bundlespoofing multiple-spot scanning all-silica fibersuperencryption noisy black angle of deviationsynchronous crypto-operation noisy white angle of incidencetransmission security key (TSK) nominal linewidth aramid yarntrunk encryption device (TED) object armortype 1 product pel axial propagation constanttype 2 product phasing bandwidth•distance producttype 3 algorithm photosensitive recording bound modetype 4 algorithm picture black braidunique key picture frequency break outvariant picture white breakout cablevocoder portrait mode buffer

record communication bundleFacsimile:analog facsimile equipmentaperture distortionaspect ratioblack facsimile transmissionblack recordingblack signalcenter frequencyconfirmation to receivecontinuous tone copycontouringcooperation factordensitydiametral index of cooperationdigital facsimile equipmentdirection of scanningdirect recordingdrum factordrum speedelectrochemical recordingelectrolytic recordingelectronic line scanningelemental areafacsimile (FAX)flood projectionframegraphicshalftone characteristichard copyhorizontal resolutionindex of cooperationKendall effectlandscape mode Fiber Optics:line-to-line correlation abrasivemaximum keying frequency acceptance anglemaximum modulating frequency acceptance cone

recording spot cablerecord medium cable cutoff wavelength (� )reproduction speed claddingrun-length encoding cladding diameterscanning cladding modescanning direction cladding mode stripperscanning line cleavesignal contrast concentricity errorsimple scanning core skew core areasolid-state scanning core diameterspot projection coupled modesspot size coupling efficiencyspot speed critical anglestagger cutback techniquestart-record signal cutoff modestop-record signal cutoff wavelengthstroke speed deeply depressed cladding fibersynchronizing dielectric waveguidesynchronizing pilot differential quantum efficiencytailing dispersiontotal line length dispersion-shifted fibertransmission time dispersion-unshifted fibertransverse redundancy check (TRC) dopantunderlap doubly clad fiberwhite facsimile transmission duplex cablewhite signal effective mode volumeX-dimension of recorded spot electrical lengthX-dimension of scanning spot end finishY-dimension of recorded spot equilibrium lengthY-dimension of scanning spot equilibrium mode distribution

(EMD)

cc

equilibrium mode simulatorevanescent fieldevanescent modeextrinsic joint lossfiber amplifier

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fiber optic cable modal loss scattering centerfiber optic link modal noise second windowfiber optics (FO) mode short wavelengthfirst window mode coupling silicaflooding compound mode field diameter (MFD) single-mode optical fiberfundamental mode mode partition noise skew rayfusion splice mode scrambler slab-dielectric waveguidegap loss mode volume solitongap-loss attenuator multifiber cable SONETgel multifiber joint spectral loss curveglass multimode distortion splice lossgraded-index fiber multimode optical fiber splice organizergraded-index profile near-field region star couplergroup delay near-field scanning step-index fibergroup index nonlinear scattering step-index profilegroup velocity numerical aperture loss strength memberguided ray numerical aperture (NA) substitution methodhockey puck OFC surface wavehomogeneous cladding OFN taphybrid cable OFNP tapered fiberhybrid mode OFNR T-couplerhydroxyl ion absorption open waveguide terminusinclusion optical connector thin-film optical waveguideindex dip optical fiber third windowindex-matching material optical isolator tolerance fieldinsertion loss optical junction transmitter central wavelength rangeintensity modulation (IM) ovality (� - � )intramodal distortion overfill transverse electric and magneticintrinsic joint loss parabolic profile (TEM) modejoint phase term transverse electric (TE) modelateral offset loss pigtail transverse magnetic (TM) modelaunch angle plastic-clad silica (PCS) fiber traveling wavelaunching fiber polarization-maintaining (PM) vertex anglelaunch numerical aperture (LNA) optical fiber waveguidelay length power-law index profile weakly guiding fiberleaky mode precision-sleeve splicing windowleaky ray primary coating zero-dispersion slopelong wavelength profile parameter (g) zero-dispersion wavelengthmacrobend quadruply clad fiber zip-cordmacrobend loss radiation anglemandrel wrapping radiation-hardened fibermaterial dispersion coefficient radiation mode

[M(�)] radiation patternmaterial scattering reference surfacemechanical splice reflection lossmeridional ray refracted raymicrobend refractive index contrastminimum bend radius refractive index (n, �)minimum-dispersion window refractive index profileminimum-loss window ribbon cablemodal distribution rip cord

tmax tmin

Filters:bandpass filterbandpass limiterband-stop filtercharacter filterdichroic filterdigital filterfilterhigh-pass filterinterference filter

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Kalman filter preemphasis authorized frequencyloop filter primary frequency C-bandlow-pass filter primary frequency standard frequency assignmentmode filter primary service area frequency assignment authorityoptical filter priorityroofing filter protected frequencysecurity filter pull-in frequency range

pulse repetition rateFrequency: antenna gain-to-noise-temperatureaircraft emergency frequency (G / T)automatic frequency control (AFC) automatic gain control (AGC)band directive gainbandwidth (BW) diversity gainbarrage jamming equal gain combinerbaseband fade margincalling frequency gaincarrier frequency gain mediumchannel offset height gaincharacteristic frequency insertion gaincutoff frequency loop gainextremely high frequency (EHF) net gainextremely low frequency (ELF) process gainfrequency signal processing gainguarded frequency singing marginheterodyne singing pointhigh frequency hisshold-in frequency rangeimage frequencyimage rejection ratioinsertion-loss-vs.-frequency

characteristicintermediate frequency (IF)intermodulation productlock-in frequencylock-in rangelowest usable high frequency (LUF)low frequency (LF)maximum keying frequencymaximum modulating frequencymaximum usable frequency (MUF) Frequency Allocation /medium frequency (MF)military common emergency

frequencynatural frequencynominal bandwidthnormalized frequency (V)notchoccupied bandwidthprecise frequency

pump frequencyquartz oscillatorradio channelradio frequency (rf)radio waveRayleigh distributionreference frequencysecondary frequency standardsidebandsingle-frequency (SF) signalingsingle-tone interferenceslewingspectral densityspectrum signaturespread spectrumspurious emissionstandard test tonestandard time and frequency signal

(STFS) servicestereophonic sound subcarrierstopbandsyntonizationthreshold frequencytransition frequencyultra high frequency (UHF)ultra low frequency (ULF)very high frequency (VHF)very low frequency (VLF)virtual carrier frequencyvoice frequency (VF)wideband

Assignment: interface payloadallocation (of a frequency band) interface standardallotment (of a radio frequency or medium interface point (MIP)

radio frequency channel) net radio interface (NRI)assigned frequency network interfaceassigned frequency band network interface device (NID)assignment (of a radio frequency or network termination 1 (NT1)

radio frequency channel) network termination 2 (NT2)authorized bandwidth optical interface

Gain:absolute gainantenna gain

Interfacing:cell relaydata stationdata transmission circuitdemarcation point (demarc)dial modeDTE clear signalEIA interfaceframed interfacegatewayinterchange circuitinterexchange carrier (IXC)interfaceinterface functionalityinterface message processor (IMP)

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point of interface (POI) white area messaging servicepoint of presence (POP) network element (NE)POSIX network terminationprimary rate interface (PRI) network termination 1 (NT1)protocol translator network termination 2 (NT2)R interface positioned channelrouter post-production processingservice primary rate interface (PRI)service access point (SAP) reference configurationservice data unit (SDU) reference pointS interface reserved circuit serviceterminal adapter retrieval serviceT-interface R interfacetransparent interface Signaling System No. 7 (SS7)T reference point S interfaceU interface synchronous transfer modeV reference point teleaction service

terminal adapterInterference: Terminal Access Controller (TAC)adjacent-channel interference User Datagram Protocol (UDP)anti-interference web browserblanketing World Wide Web (WWW)co-channel interferencecommon-mode interferencecommon-mode rejection ratio

(CMRR)compatibility LANs / MANs / WANs:conducted interference baseband local area networkdifferential mode interference bridgeelectromagnetic interference (EMI) broutereye pattern carrier sensefar-end crosstalk domain name serverFM blanketing Ethernetharmful interference fiber distributed data interfaceinteraction crosstalk (FDDI)interference head-endinterference emission jabberinterference filter LAN application (software)intersymbol interference lobe attaching unitjamming margin local area network (LAN)jamming to signal ratio (J / S) logical link control (LLC) sublayerlimits of interference metropolitan area network (MAN)optical interface network control program (NCP)permissible interference network interface device (NID)phase interference fading network topologyprecipitation static (p-static) physical signaling sublayer (PLS)reradiation ring latencysingle-frequency interference ring networksingle-tone interference serversunspot S interface

Internet:Archiebrowserdirected broadcast addressDomain Name System (DNS)GopherICMP[The] InternetInternet protocol (IP)Internet protocol (IP) spoofinglynxMosaicSLIPTCPTCP / IPTCP / IP Suite

ISDN:access contentionB channelbearer servicebroadband ISDN (B-ISDN)circuit transfer modecontributioncustomer accessD channeldemand servicedigital subscriber line (DSL)distributiondistribution serviceeventframefunctional signalingH-channelhybrid interface structureinteractive serviceinterface functionalityinterface payloadISDNlabeled channellabeled interface structurelabeled multiplexinglabeled statistical channelLAP-D

T-interfacetransfer modetransit delayT reference pointU interfaceV reference pointwide area network (WAN)

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slotted-ring network protocol data unit (PDU) precipitation attenuationswitched multimegabit data services protocol hierarchy preemphasis

(SMDS) service prorationtail circuit service access point (SAP) reflection losstoken service data unit (SDU) return losstoken-bus network SONET scattering losstoken passing standardized profile selective fadingtoken ring adapter TCP shadow losstruncated binary exponential TCP / IP splice loss

backoff TCP / IP Suite transmission losswide area network (WAN) terminal endpoint (TE) functional via net loss (VNL)

groupLayered Systems / Open Modems:

Architecture:abstract syntaxencapsulationexpedited data unitGOSIPhigh-level controlintermediate system Modulation:LAP-B absorption modulationlayer adaptive differential pulse-codelayered system modulation (ADPCM)logical link control (LLC) sublayer amplitude modulation (AM)medium access control (MAC) angle modulation

sublayer bandwidth (BW)n-entity basebandnetwork termination 1 (NT1) baseband modulationnetwork termination 2 (NT2) binary modulationn-user bit-by-bit asynchronous operationopen system carrier shiftopen systems architecture center frequencyOpen Systems Interconnection chip rate

(OSI) chirpingOpen Systems Interconnection code-division multiple access

(OSI)—architecture (CDMA)Open Systems Interconnection coherent differential phase-shift

(OSI)—Protocol Specification keying (CDPSK)Open Systems conditioned diphase modulation

Interconnection—Reference continuously variable slope deltaModel (OSI—RM) (CVSD) modulation

Open Systems Interconnection Costas loop(OSI)—Service Definitions cross modulation

Open Systems Interconnection delta modulation (DM)(OSI)—Systems Management delta-sigma modulation

peer entity demand assignment multiple accesspeer group (DAMA)physical signaling sublayer (PLS) demodulationprotocol differential modulationprotocol-control information

virtual terminal (VT)wrapping

Loss / Attenuation: modem patchabsorption narrowband modemabsorption band wideband modemabsorption coefficientabsorption indexabsorption lossangular misalignment lossantenna dissipative lossarea lossattenuationattenuation coefficientattenuation constantattenuation-limited operationattenuatorbridging losscloud attenuationcoupling losscutoff attenuatordifferential mode attenuationflat fadingfree-space lossgap lossgap-loss attenuatorinsertion lossinsertion-loss-vs.-frequency

characteristiclateral offset losslosslossy mediummacrobend lossmodal lossnet lossnet loss variationnumerical aperture losspath loss

AT Commandsmodem

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differential phase-shift keying reduced carrier single-sideband inverted position(DPSK) emission labeled multiplexing

differential pulse-code modulation reduced carrier transmission master frequency generator(DPCM) signal transition multicarrier modulation (MCM)

digital frequency modulation significant condition multichanneldigital modulation single-sideband (SSB) emission multiframedigital phase modulation single-sideband (SSB) equipment multiplex aggregate bit ratedirect-sequence modulation reference level multiplex basebanddisparity single-sideband suppressed carrier multiplexer / demultiplexerdouble modulation (SSB-SC) transmission (muldem)electro-optic modulator start-stop margin multiplexer (MUX)exalted-carrier reception start-stop modulation multiplex hierarchyfixed-reference modulation stereophonic crosstalk multiplexing (MUXing)frequency modulation (FM) sub-band adaptive differential pulse multiplex link encryptionfrequency-shift keying (FSK) code modulation (SB-ADPCM) orthogonal multiplexfull modulation subcarrier precombiningincremental phase modulation supergroup distribution frame pregroup combining

(IPM) (SGDF) quadruple diversityindirect control suppressed carrier transmission space-division multiplexingintensity modulation (IM) thin-film optical modulator statistical multiplexingisochronous demodulation unbalanced modulator statistical time-division multiplexingisochronous modulation vestigial sideband (VSB) supergroup distribution framekeying transmission (SGDF)load capacity white facsimile transmission synchronous TDMlow-level modulation synchronous transfer modemaximum modulating frequency system loadingmechanically induced modulation T-carriermodulation thin-film optical multiplexermulticarrier modulation (MCM) time-division multiple accessovermodulation (TDMA)percentage modulation time-division multiplexing (TDM)phase deviation transmultiplexerphase modulation (PM) trunk group multiplexer (TGM)phase-shift keying (PSK) two-pilot regulationpreemphasis improvement wavelength-division multiplexingpreemphasis network (WDM)pseudorandom noisepulse-amplitude modulation (PAM)pulse-code modulation (PCM)pulse-duration modulation (PDM)pulse-frequency modulation (PFM)pulse-position modulation (PPM)quadrature amplitude modulation

(QAM)quadrature modulationquadrature phase-shift keying

(QPSK)quantizationquasi-analog transmissionradio

Multiplexing:asynchronous time-division

multiplexing (ATDM)asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)carrier systemcell relaychannel bankcommon-channel interoffice

signaling (CCIS)demultiplexingD-4digital multiplexerdigital multiplex hierarchy Networking:digital signal (DS) access groupdigroup address fielddrop and insert asynchronous networkerect position backbonefractional T1 branching networkframe clientframing closed user groupgroup commercial refilegroup distribution frame (GDF) control stationheterogeneous multiplexing delayed-delivery facilityhomogeneous multiplexing democratically synchronizedinverse multiplexer network

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despotically synchronized network packet switching token-ring networkdifferentiating network path trace packetdirected net PCS unidirectional operationdistributed control physical topology U interfacedistributed network point-to-point link Universal Personaldistributed-queue dual-bus (DQDB) polling Telecommunications (UPT)

[network] port serviceendpoint node portability virtual networkequivalent network POSIX virusfree net precedence wrappinggateway primary channelglobal address primary stationGOSIP public data network (PDNgroup address public switched network (PSN)hierarchical computer network radio nethierarchically synchronized network relayhotline remote accesshybrid communications network remote logonhypermedia routeintelligent network (IN) routine messageintelligent peripheral (IP) seizinginterconnection serverintermediate element service termination pointinternetworking signal centerinterworking functions signal transfer point (STP)leg sliding windowlink slotlogical topology slotted-ring networkloop transmission slot timemaritime broadcast communications sublayer

net subnetworkmaster station switched circuitmediation function symmetrical channelmulticast synchronous data link controlmultichannel (SDLC)multilevel precedence and synchronous network

preemption (MLPP) synchronous transmissionmultilink operation system failure transfermultiple media system follow-upmultipoint access system signaling and supervisionnet operation tandemnetwork teleconferencenetwork control program (NCP) Terminal Access Controller (TAC)network engineering terminal adapternetwork interface terminal endpoint (TE) functionalnetwork interface card groupnetwork topology through groupnoncentralized operation through supergroupnonsynchronous network T-interfaceopen network architecture (ONA) token-bus networkoverhead information token passing

Network Management:accounting managementadministrative management complex

(AMC)attributecustomer management complexfault managementmanaged objectnetwork administrationnetwork managementnetwork manageroperations systemperformance managementsecurity managementsystem managementtelecommunications management

network (TMN)

Networks:ARPANetAutomatic Digital Network

(AUTODIN)Automatic Secure Voice

Communications Network(AUTOSEVOCOM)

Automatic Voice Network(AUTOVON)

command netcommon user networkcommunications netcommunications networkcomputer networkDefense Communications System

(DCS)Defense Data Network (DDN)Defense Switched Network (DSN)Emergency Broadcast System

(EBS)integrated digital network (IDN)

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[The] Internet idle-channel noise provisioningjoint multichannel trunking and impulse noise public switched NS / EP

switching system in-band noise power ratio telecommunications services Joint Tactical Information intermodulation noise service identification

Distribution System (JTIDS) intrinsic noise Telecommunications ServiceNational Communications System loop noise Priority (TSP) service

(NCS) modal noise Telecommunications ServiceNational Information Infrastructure mode partition noise Priority (TSP) system

(NII) noisevalue-added network (VAN) notched noise

144-line weightingNetwork Topology / AFNOR

Architecture:client-server architecturenetwork architecturenetwork connectivitynetwork topologynodephysical topologyring network

Noise:ambient noise levelantenna noise temperatureatmospheric noisebackground noiseblue noisecarrier noise levelcarrier-to-noise ratio (CNR)carrier-to-receiver noise density

(C/kT)channel noise levelcircuit noise levelclosed-loop noise bandwidthC-message weightingcosmic noiseeffective input noise temperatureequipment intermodulation noiseequivalent noise resistanceequivalent noise temperatureequivalent pulse code modulation

(PCM) noiseequivalent satellite link noise

temperaturefeeder echo noiseflat weightingFM improvement factorFM improvement thresholdfront-end noise temperatureHA1-receiver weighting

144-receiver weightingphase noisephoton noiseprocess gainprorationpseudorandom noisepsophometric weightingquantizing noisequantum noisequantum-noise-limited operationrandom noisereceived noise powerreference noiseshot noisesignal-plus-noise-to-noise ratio

((S+N) / N)signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)signal-to-noise ratio per bitSINADsnowstereophonic crosstalkthermal noisetotal channel noisewhite noiseworst hour of the year

NS / EP: recognized operating agency (ROA)assignment Regional Bell Operating Companycommunications survivability (RBOC)interoperability specialized common carrier (SCC)National Communications System

(NCS)National Coordinating Center

(NCC) for TelecommunicationsNS / EP telecommunicationspriority levelpriority level assignmentprivate NS / EP telecommunications

services

Organizations:administration

American National StandardsInstitute (ANSI)

Bell Operating Company (BOC)Canadian Standards Association

(CSA)CCIRCCITTcommon carrierDeutsches Institut für Normung

(DIN)FCCInternational Telecommunication

Union (ITU)ISOJoint Telecommunications

Resources Board (JTRB)National Command Authorities

(NCA)National Communications System

(NCS)National Coordinating Center

(NCC) for Telecommunicationspublic utilities commission (PUC)Radio Regulations Board (formerly

IFRB)

PCS / UPT / cellular mobile:base stationcall associated signaling (CAS)call managementcellcellular mobilefixed accessinterworking functions

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mobile services switching center single-sideband (SSB) equipment high-level data link control (HDLC)(MSC) reference level HTTP

non-call associated signaling spectral density ICMP(NCAS) susceptibility threshold internet protocol (IP)

non-fixed access system loading LAP-BPCS LAP-DPCS switching center link protocolPCS System modepersonal mobility network interface device (NID)personal registration NFSpersonal terminal Open Systems Interconnectionpublic land mobile network (OSI)— Protocol Specification

(PLMN) pingradio interface protocolservice access protocol-control informationterminal mobility protocol converterterminal mobility management protocol data unit (PDU)Universal Personal protocol hierarchy

Telecommunications (UPT) protocol translatorservice remote operations service element

UPT access code (ROSE) protocolvalidation response PDUwireless access mode routewireless mobility management segmentwireless terminal. serial

Simple Mail Transfer ProtocolPower: station loadbel (B) technical loadcarrier power (of a radio uninterruptible power supply

transmitter) volt-amperes reactive (vars)carrier-to-receiver noise density

(C/kT)dBpowerradianceradiant emittanceradiant intensityradiant powerradiation efficiencyrated output powerreflectancerelative transmission levelrf power margin Radio:sensitivity adaptive radiosignal level airborne radio relaysignal-to-crosstalk ratio air-ground radiotelephone serviceSINAD allcallsinging margin amateur servicesingle-polarized antenna anycall

Power (Electrical):apparent powerauxiliary powerdemand factordemand loaddisconnect switcheffective powerinverterlevelloadload factornonoperational loadoperational loadpower budgetpower factorpower failure transferprimary distribution systemprimary powerprimary substationprotector

Protocols:acknowledgementAdvanced Data Communication

Control Procedures (ADCCP)binary synchronous (bi-sync)

communicationcarrier sense multiple access with

collision avoidance (CSMA / CA)carrier sense multiple access with

collision detection (CSMA / CD)Common Management Information

Protocol (CMIP)connection-oriented data transfer

protocoldisconnect command (DISC)facilityframe relayFTPGOSIP

(SMTP)Simple Network Management

Protocol (SNMP)SLIPslotslot timesynchronous data link control

(SDLC)TCPTCP / IPTCP / IP SuiteTelnettransmission control protocolUser Datagram Protocol (UDP)zero-bit insertion

atmospheric noise

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automated radio k-factor ship Earth stationautomatic link establishment (ALE) link shortwaveautomatic message exchange linking protection (LP) smooth Earth

(AME) link quality analysis (LQA) soundingautomatic sounding maximum usable frequency (MUF) sporadic E propagationbrick meaconing spurious responsebroadcasting-satellite service mean power [of a radio transmitter] stereophonic sound subcarrierbroadcasting satellite space station medium stressed environmentbroadcasting service message heading sudden ionospheric disturbancebroadcasting station message part (SID)broadcast operation meteor burst communications sunspotcapture effect multi-satellite link surface wavecarrier synchronization narrowband radio voice frequency tail circuitcellular mobile (NBRVF) terrestrial radiocommunicationclear channel near-vertical-incidence skywave terrestrial stationclosed circuit net control station (NCS) transmitter power output ratingcombat-net radio (CNR) net operation traveling waveconnectivity exchange (CONEX) net radio interface (NRI) TRI-TAC equipmentcontroller off-the-air vestigial sideband (VSB)cross-band radiotelegraph procedure off-the-air monitoring transmissioncoverage on-the-air white areadead space path wildcard characterdeemphasis PBERdetector PCSdeviation ratio peak envelope power (of a radiodiffraction region transmitter) [PEP, pX, PX]digital selective calling (DSC) pilotdirected net precipitation static (p-static)direction finding preemphasisdiscriminator preemphasis improvementdistance measuring equipment preemphasis network

(DME) preliminary calldiversity reception primary service areadiversity transmission propagation modeduplex operation propagation path obstructionemergency locator transmitter protection interval (PI)

(ELT) push-to-talk operationemergency position-indicating quadruple diversity

radiobeacon station query callemphasis radiationfeeder link radioFM blanketing radio and wire integration (RWI)FM improvement factor radio channelFM improvement threshold radio common carrier (RCC)Fresnel zone radiocommunicationharmful interference random access discrete addressheterodyne repeater (RADA)homing reflecting layerhorn rural radio serviceindefinite call sign rural subscriber stationinside plant scan-stop lockup

Routing:adaptive routingalternate routingavoidance routingcall tracingcircuit routingcircuit switching unit (CSU)collective routingdestination routingdeterministic routingdynamically adaptive routingflood search routingfree routingheuristic routinghierarchical routinghybrid routingmediation functionmulticast addressnetwork administrationprimary routereroutingrouteroute diversityroute matrixroutingsenderspill-forward feature

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spur multiple access clipper chipmulti-satellite link code

Satellites:acquisitionactive satelliteaeronautical mobile-satellite serviceaeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)

[off-route] serviceaeronautical mobile-satellite (R)

[route] serviceamateur-satellite serviceapogeebroadcasting-satellite servicebroadcasting satellite space stationcarrier-to-receiver noise density

(C/kT)C-bandchipcoast Earth stationcommunications satellitecommunity reception [in the

broadcasting-satellite service]coordination areacross-site linkdirect orbitdownlink (D / L)dual accessEarth coverageEarth exploration-satellite serviceEarth stationEarth terminalEarth terminal complexequatorial orbitequivalent satellite link noise

temperaturefixed-satellite service Security:footprint accessgeostationary orbit anti-jamgeosynchronous orbit anti-spoofhandoff authenticateinclination of an orbit (of an Earth authentication

satellite) authenticatorinclined orbit automated information systemsindividual reception [in the security

broadcasting-satellite service] between-the-lines entryinter-satellite service BLACKland mobile-satellite service BLACK signalmaritime mobile-satellite service browsingmeteorological-satellite service bugmobile Earth station certification Services:

orbit communications deceptionorbit determination communications-electronics (C-E)passive satellite communications intelligenceperiapsis (COMINT)perigee communications protectionperiod [of a satellite] communications securitypolar orbit [COMSEC]preassignment access plan compromisepulse-address multiple access computer security (COMPUSEC)

(PAMA) COMSEC equipmentradiodetermination-satellite service configuration managementradionavigation-satellite service controlled arearesource controller (RC) controlled security operationretrograde orbit controlled spacesatellite data securityship Earth station electronic emission securityspace subsystem emanations security (EMSEC)spacecraft emission securityspace operation service end-to-end securityspace radiocommunication environmental securityspace research service information securityspace system information systems securityspace telecommand (INFOSEC)space tracking labelspot beam limited protectionstandard frequency and time signal- monitoring

satellite service NAK attacksynchronous orbit operations securitysynchronous satellite passwordtail circuit penetrationuplink (U / L) privacyview scrambler

secure communicationssecure transmissionsecuritysecurity filtersecurity kernelsecurity managementself-authenticationsensitive informationserversignals securitytransmission security key (TSK)trusted computing base (TCB)trusted computer system (TCS)Warner exemption

FED-STD-1037C

Appendix B, page 16

aeronautical fixed service foreign exchange (FX) service teleaction serviceaeronautical mobile (OR) [off- FTS2000 telecommunications service

route] service interactive service Telecommunications Serviceaeronautical mobile (R) [route] intercom Priority (TSP) service

service inter-satellite service teletexaeronautical mobile-satellite service leased circuit teletextaeronautical mobile-satellite (OR) maritime mobile-satellite service Telex®

[off-route] service maritime mobile service unbundlingaeronautical mobile-satellite (R) maritime radionavigation-satellite Universal Personal

[route] service service Telecommunications (UPT)aeronautical mobile service maritime radionavigation service serviceaeronautical multicom service message service universal serviceaeronautical radionavigation- meteorological aids service viewdata

satellite service meteorological-satellite service voice gradeaeronautical radionavigation service mobile-satellite service white pagesamateur-satellite service mobile service Wide Area Telephone Serviceamateur service multipoint distribution service (WATS)Archie nine-hundred (900) service World Wide Web (WWW)Armed Forces Radio Service other common carrier (OCC)

(AFRS) pagingattendant position PCSbase communications (basecom) port operations servicebasic exchange telecommunications private NS / EP telecommunications

radio service (BETRS) servicesbasic service provisioningbasic service element (BSE) public data transmission servicebasic serving arrangement (BSA) public switched network (PSN)Centrex® (CTX) service public switched NS / EPclass of service telecommunications services common management information public switched telephone network

service (CMIS) (PSTN)comparably efficient radio channel

interconnection (CEI) radio common carrier (RCC)complementary network service radiodetermination-satellite service

(CNS) radiolocation serviceconsolidated local radionavigation-satellite service

telecommunications service resale carrierconversational service resale servicecustom local area signaling service reserved circuit service

(CLASS) restricted accessdedicated service retrieval servicedomestic fixed public service rural radio servicedomestic public radio services rural subscriber stationeight-hundred (800) service safety serviceenhanced service service access point (SAP)facility service bit

seven-hundred (700) serviceFederal Telecommunications space research service

System (FTS) special grade of servicefive-hundred (500) service standard frequency and time signal-flat rate service satellite service

Service Features:abbreviated dialingaccess controladd-on conferenceautomatic answeringautomatic identified outward dialing

(AIOD)automatic message accounting

(AMA)automatic number identification

(ANI)automatic redialautomatic sequential connectionbusy verificationcall detail recording (CDR)called-line identification facilitycalled-party camp-oncaller IDcall forwardingcall holdcalling-line identification facilitycalling-party camp-oncall pickupcall restrictioncalls-barred facilitycall splittingcall transfercall waitingclassmarkconference callconsultation hold

FED-STD-1037C

Appendix B, page 17

dial service assistance (DSA) Open Systems Interconnection diskettedial-up (OSI)—Protocol Specification disk packdirect dialing service Open Systems elastic bufferdirect distance dialing (DDD) Interconnection—Reference erasedirect inward dialing (DID) Model (OSI—RM) fielddirect outward dialing (DOD) Open Systems Interconnection fileessential service (OSI)—Service Definitions file transfer, access, andextended area service (EAS) Open Systems Interconnection management (FTAM)fixed loop (OSI)—Systems Management hard sectoringgroup alerting and dispatching POSIX head

system precise frequency interblock gapline load control primary frequency standard internal memorymultiaddress calling proprietary standard loadernetwork inward dialing (NID) p x 64 machine-readable mediumnetwork outward dialing (NOD) quarter common intermediate magnetic cardremote access format (QCIF) magnetic core storageremote call forwarding R interface magnetic drumservice feature rubidium clock magnetic tapespeed calling rubidium standard main storagespill-forward feature secondary frequency standard mediumthree-way calling secondary time standard memorytransit network identification serial off-line storageverified off-hook Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) optical diskvirtual call SONET overlayvirtual circuit capability standard overload

standard optical source packing densityStandards:ANSI / EIA / TIA-568ASCIIbasic mode link controlbasic rate interface (BRI)de facto standardfrequency standardfunctional profileGOSIP) Storage:group accumulatorindustry standard archivinginterface standard arithmetic overflowInternational Telegraph Alphabet arithmetic register

Number 5 (ITA-5) arithmetic underflowinteroperability standard associative storagemessage handling system (MHS) auxiliary storageNational Electric Code® (NEC) buffernetwork terminal number (NTN) cache memoryNTSC standard CD ROMOpen Systems Interconnection channel

(OSI) clearOpen Systems Interconnection computer program origin

(OSI)—architecture direct access

standard time and frequency signal permanent storage(STFS) service phase-encoded (PE) recording

system standard phase flux reversalterminal adapter print-throughtime standard programmable read-only memoryV-series Recommendations (PROM)X.-series Recommendations queue

queue traffic

direct address

queuingrandom access memory (RAM)read headreadingread-only memory (ROM)read-only storagerecordrecord communicationrecord informationrecord mediumregenerationregisterrotational position sensingsectorsectoringseekseek time

FED-STD-1037C

Appendix B, page 18

shift register pilot-make-busy (PMB) circuit timing tracking accuracysimple buffering private exchange (PX) unilateral synchronization systemskew public switched network (PSN)soft sectoring public switched NS / EPspooling telecommunications services storage public switched telephone networkstorage cell (PSTN)store-and-forward (S-F) queuing delaystore-and-forward switching center rotary huntingstreaming tape drive seizingstreaming tape recording semiautomatic switching systemtag image file format (TIFF) signal transfer point (STP)tape relay space-division switchingtrack spill forwardtrack density split homingtracking error step-by-step (SXS) switchingvariable length buffer systemvirtual memory switchvirtual storage switchboardvolatile storage switch busy hourvolume switchingwork space synchronous transfer modewrite Tactical Automatic Digital

Switching System (TADSS)Switching: polarential telegraph systemanalog switch polar operationbroadband exchange (BEX) push-to-type operationburst switching radiotelegramcall progress signal radio telegraphycircuit-switched data transmission record communication

service Synchronization: reperforatorcircuit switching bilateral synchronization sending-end crossfireclass of office carrier synchronization spacecommon control digital synchronization tape relaycongestion double-ended synchronization telegramcrosspoint frame synchronization telegraphydigital switching linear analog synchronization teleprinterdistributed switching lip synchronization teletypewriter (TTY)electronic switching system (ESS) mutually synchronized network terminal equipmentfast packet switching mutual synchronization tone diversityfirst-in last-out (FIFO) nonsynchronous data transmission TTY / TDDinterrupted continuous wave (ICW) channel twinplexjoint multichannel trunking and pilot two-tone keying

switching system single-ended synchronization voice-frequency telegraph (VFTG)message switching synchronism wordmultiple access synchronizationmultiple homing synchronization bitnonblocking switch synchronization codeoff-hook signal synchronization pulseone-way trunk synchronous

thin-film optical switchthree-way callingtime-division switchingtrunkwink pulsing

Telegraphy:A-conditionBaudot codecablechad tapecharacteristic distortioncharacter-steppeddouble-frequency shift keying

(DFSK)end distortionequal-length codefrequency-shift telegraphyinternal biaslocal batterymarknarrative trafficneutral direct-current telegraph

systemneutral operationpolar direct-current telegraph

transmission

Telephony Hardware:acoustic coupleraerial cableaerial insert

FED-STD-1037C

Appendix B, page 19

applique intermediate distribution frame technical control facility (TCF)central office (C.O.) (IDF) Telecommunications Device for thecombined distribution frame (CDF) interoffice trunk Deaf (TDD)common battery interposition trunk telecommunications facilitiesconditioned loop interswitch trunk telephoneconnecting arrangement intertoll trunk terminal equipmentcord circuit intraoffice trunk through-group equipmentcord lamp key set through-supergroup equipmentcordless switchboard key telephone system (KTS) tie trunkcrossbar switch K-type patch bay translatorcross-connection limited-protection voice equipment tributary officecross-office trunk line side videophonecustomer office terminal (COT) local battery vodascustomer service unit (CSU) local exchange loop vogaddial switching equipment local side voice frequency (VF) primary patchdigital access and cross-connect main distribution frame (MDF) bay

system (DACS) main stationdigital circuit patch bay master frequency generatordigital loop carrier (DLC) MM patch baydigital primary patch bay new customer premises equipmentdigital switch office classificationdistribution frame off-premises extension (OPX)drop on-premises extensionDSA board orderwire multiplexD-type patch bay outside plantelectrically powered telephone patch and test facility (PTF)embedded base equipment plantembedded customer-premises private exchange (PX)

equipment private lineend instrument prorationend office protected distribution system (PDS)entrance facility public switched telephone networkentrance point (PSTN)entrance room rackequal-level patch bay repertory dialerequipment room rotary dialequipment side SECORDexchange semiautomatic switching systemexchange facilities signal centerextension bell sound-powered telephonefour-wire repeater special grade access linegrandfathered systems splice closuregrandfathered terminal equipment station batterygroup distribution frame (GDF) STUhigh-frequency distribution frame supergroup distribution frame

(HFDF) (SGDF)individual line switchboardinside plant switched circuitintegrated station switched loopintercom tandem center

tandem office

Television:advanced television (ATV)aspect ratiocable TV (CATV)cable television relay service

(CARS) stationchroma keyingchrominance signalclosed captioningclosed circuitcomposite videodistribution-quality televisionextended-definition television

(EDTV)fixed microwave auxiliary stationfreeze frame televisionfull-motion operationghosthead-endhigh-definition television (HDTV)improved-definition television

(IDTV)lip synchronizationminimum picture intervalPALPAL-Mpicture blackpicture whiterasterreference black levelreference white levelRGBscanning

FED-STD-1037C

Appendix B, page 20

SECAM precise time and time intervalstudio-to-transmitter link (STL) (PTTI)television (TV) primary time standardvideo principal clock

protection interval (PI)Time / Timing: calling rateabsolute delay call-secondcesium clock connections per circuit hour (CCH)channel time slot directionalizationclock FOTcoasting mode frequency predictioncoherence time grade of service (GOS)coordinated clock group busy hour (GBH)coordinated time scale high-usage trunk groupCoordinated Universal Time (UTC) holding timedata transfer time interconnect facilitydate line traffic coordinator (LTC)date-time group (DTG) loadingdating format minimizeDoD master clock narrative trafficepoch date net control station (NCS)equipment clock off-line recoveryexternal timing reference overflowfalse clock queueGreenwich Mean Time (GMT) queue trafficheterochronous queuinghierarchically synchronized network record traffichomochronous scanningindependent clocks short haul toll trafficindirect control switch busy hourInternational Atomic Time (TAI) trafficisochronousisochronous demodulationisochronous modulationisochronous signalJulian dateleap secondlocal clockmaster clockmaster-slave timingmesochronousmutually synchronized networkmutual synchronizationnear real timenodal clocknonsynchronous networkoligarchically synchronized networkplesiochronousprecise time

pull-in frequency rangequartz clockreal timereference clockrelease timeremote clockrise timerubidium clockrubidium standardsecondary time standardserialslave clockstandard frequency and time signal-

satellite servicestandard frequency and time signal

servicestandard frequency and time signal

stationstandard time and frequency signal

(STFS) servicestation clocksynchronismsynchronizationsynchronous networksynchronous TDMtimetime ambiguitytime instabilitytime interval error (TIE)time jittertime markertime of occurrencetime-outtime scaletime standardtiming recoverytiming signaltiming tracking accuracytransmit-after-receive time delaytransmitter attack-time delaytransmitter release-time delayuniform time scaleunit intervalUniversal Time (UT)UTC(i)

Traffic:activity factoradaptive channel allocationbusy hourbusy season

Transmission / Propagation:absolute delayanalog transmissionanisochronousanomalous propagation (AP)asynchronous transmissionatmospheric ductbabblebackscatteringbatched transmissionbit-stream transmissionburst transmissionchannelcoupled modescritical frequencycritical wavelengthcross-polarized operationDellinger effect

FED-STD-1037C

Appendix B, page 21

digital transmission group propagation constant Category 5digital transmission system propagation mode coaxial cable (coax)digital voice transmission propagation path obstruction composite cablediurnal phase shift propagation time delay direct-buried cabledouble-sideband (DSB) pulse broadening directional coupler

transmission quasi-analog transmission electrical lengthdouble-sideband reduced carrier radiation scattering fiber optic cable

(DSB-RC) transmission ray field wiredouble-sideband suppressed-carrier Rayleigh fading filled cable

(DSB-SC) transmission Rayleigh scattering group delayD region reflecting layer hybrid cableducting reflection land lineduplex operation refracted ray lay lengthecho refraction lineelectronic line of sight refractive index (n, �) long lineelevated duct relative transmission level loopE region right-hand [clockwise] polarized mediumerlang wave nonloaded twisted pairflutter ring latency on-premises wiringforward scatter scattering open wireFOT scintillation paired cableF region serial transmission plenumFresnel zone shadow loss quadground wave simplex operation quadded cablegroup velocity skip distance reflectionhomogeneous cladding skip zone reflection coefficient (RC)intermediate-field region sky wave reflection lossionosphere smooth Earth return lossionospheric absorption space diversity ribbon cableionospheric disturbance sporadic E sheathionospheric forward scatter sunspot sheath milesionospheric reflection surface wave shielded pairionospheric scatter synchronous transmission shielded twisted pairionospheric turbulence time block skin effectisochronous burst transmission trapped electromagnetic wave slopek-factor troposphere slope equalizerknife-edge effect tropospheric scatter spiral-four cableline-of-sight (LOS) propagation tropospheric wave strength membermagnetic storm undisturbed day symmetrical pairmagneto-ionic double refraction virtual height terminal impedancematerial scattering waveguide terminationmaximum usable frequency (MUF) transmission lineMie scattering transverse electric and magneticmultipath (TEM) modenear-field region transverse electric (TE) modenear-vertical-incidence skywave twin cableparallel transmission unbalanced linepath clearance underground cablepath profile uniform transmission lineprimary service area voltage standing wave ratiopropagation (VSWR)

Transmission Lines:artificial transmission linebalanced linebuilding outbundlecableCategory 3Category 4

FED-STD-1037C

Appendix B, page 22

zip-cord depolarizationdoppler effect

Video:average picture level (APL)block distortionblurringcolor errorscontinuous presencecontrastcontrol fieldedge busynesserror blocksfieldframefreeze frameimageinterlaced scanningjerkinessmosquito noisemotion compensationmotion response degradationmotion videoobjectobject persistenceobject retentionpanningp x 64quarter common intermediate

format (QCIF)scene cutscene cut responsesmearingsnowspatial applicationspatial edge noisestill imagestill videotemporal applicationtemporal edge noisetransmission service channelvideovideophonewindowing

Waves:carrier (cxr)coherence areacoherence lengthcoherentcontinuous wave (cw)

electromagnetic wave (EMW)elliptical polarizationenvelopegroup delaygroup delay timeguided waveindirect waveleft-hand (anti-clockwise) polarized

wavelinear polarizationmaterial scatteringmicrowavemillimeter waveplane wavepolarizationpolarization diversityPoynting vectorpropagationpulse carrierradiant energyradiationradioradio beamradiocommunicationradio wavereflection lossreflectionreflection coefficient (RC)right-hand [clockwise] polarized

wavescatteringsignaturespurious responsesquare wavestanding wavestanding wave ratio (SWR)tropospheric wavewaveformwavefrontwaveguide scatteringwave impedancewavelengthwavelength stabilitywave trap