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ADULT A
ND JUVENILE
JUSTI
CE SYS
TEM
ST
AN
DA
RD
S
SS
8C
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ABOUT TH
E
SYSTE
M• Adult system deals with adults (17+ ) • Civil and Criminal law • Criminal – felonies or misdemeanors Civil – disputes between two people• Defendant, goes in front of jury or judge.
Summ
ary
Felony
• Serious crimes like murder, rape, or grand theft
• Minimum sentence of 1 yr.
• Capital Crimes are crimes punishable by death
Misdemeanor
• less serious crimes like assault
• punishments = fine or less jail time
FELONY/MISDEMEANOR
Step 1: Pretrial
1a. Arrest – person is detained
1b. Booking – make record of arrest
1c. Initial Appearance – set bail and charges explained
1d. Preliminary hearing – judge determines probably cause
1e. Grand jury indictment – jury decides if there is enough evidence to charge
1f. Arraignment- suspects enters pleas, if guilty, goes straight to sentencing.
1g. Possible plea bargain – process of negotiation. May plead guilty to lesser crime.
3 MAIN STEPS
Step 2: Trial
1. Jury selection
2. Opening statements
3. Presentation of evidence
4. Closing statements
5. Jury deliberation and verdict
6. Sentencing
STEPS CONTINUED
Step 3: Appeals Process Purpose: defendant maintains his/her innocence or if court made a mistake. If court of appeals overturns ruling, it goes back to Superior Court for new trial. GA’s 2 Courts of Appeal: • Supreme Court • Court of Appeals
APPEALS PROCESS
Settling Disputes Peacefully • rather than using courts, there are several ways to settle disputes peacefully. Examples: Mediationarbitration, compromise negotiationcollaboration How does the judicial branch fulfill its role? • Interpreting Laws • Ensuring justice
SETTLING DISPUTES
JUVENILE
COURT
S
Why were Juvenile courts created?
1. Children are not always fully responsible
2. Juveniles may need to be protected
3. Juveniles should not be sentenced as adults
Status offense:
an offense that would not be a crime if committed by an adult.
Ex: child refuses to go to school, running away from home, caught with alcohol in hand
Delinquent Behavior:
committing a crime (it’d be a crime, even if an adult committed it)
Ex: robbery, vandalism, DUI, drug offenses
STATUS OFFENSE/DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
Juvenile rights:
(specific to juveniles) • Right to a private
trial • Right to have
parents present• different
terminology• more of a spirit of
rehabilitation than punishment
Jurisdiction of the juvenile courts:
over children less than 17 yrs. old or deprived 18 yr. olds
JUVENILE RIGHTS
Steps in the Juvenile justice process:
1. Intake
2. Detention hearing
3. Adjudicatory hearing
4. Dispositional hearing
Informal adjustment:
A period of time where a child is under careful oversight of court.
STEPS IN THE JUVENILE JUSTICE PROCESS
1. murder
2. aggravated sexual battery
3. voluntary manslaughter
4. aggravated molestation
5. armed robbery
6. aggravated sodomy
7. rape
If you are accused: transferred to superior court to be tried as an adult.
Possible consequences up to : life in prison
7 DELINQUENT BEHAVIORS (DEADLY SINS LAW)