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Advanced Algebra Days 15-27

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Curriculum From Chicago Public Schools
43
 59 STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN Day: 015 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 6A1 TAP: Perform arithmetic operations involving integers, fractions, decimals and percents, explicitly stated or within context Choose and apply appropriate operational  procedures and problem-solving strategi es to real-world situations Understand number systems Use variables, number sentences, and equations to represent solutions and solve problems ISAT: Solve problems requiring computations with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,  percents, and proportions Use mathematical skills to estimate, approximate, and predict outcomes, and to  judge reasonableness of results Identify , analyze, and solve problems using equations, inequalities, functions, and their graphs Unit Focus/Foci Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions Instructional Focus/Foci Comparing and Identify ing Number Systems Materials Grid paper Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures Opener: Have students complete the foll owing in five minutes or less: a b c = = = 1 2 4 0 04  . Compute: 1. abc 2. a+b+c 3. a b c 4. 1 ab 5. a b c + 6. ab + c
Transcript
  • 59

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 015 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 6A1

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    Understand number systemsUse variables, number sentences, and equations

    to represent solutions and solve problems

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Use mathematical skills to estimate,approximate, and predict outcomes, and tojudge reasonableness of results

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations, inequalities, functions, and theirgraphs

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Comparing and Identifying Number Systems

    Materials

    Grid paper

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Opener: Have students complete the following in five minutes or less:

    a b c= = =1

    24 0 04.

    Compute:

    1. abc 2. a+b+c 3. a b c

    4. 1

    ab5.

    a b

    c

    +6. ab + c

  • 60

    Real Numbers Venn Diagram

    Remind students that they will always encounter numbers of different types, such as:

    Natural Numbers (N) = {1, 2, 3, 4, } counting numbers Whole Numbers (W) ={0, 1, 2, 3, 4, } numbers used to answer how many

    Rational Numbers (Q) = any number that can be written as a

    b (a quotient) where a and b are

    integers; b 0

    Integers (I) = {, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, }positive and negative whole numbers.

    Irrational Numbers = any number that cannot be written asa

    b where a and b are integers; b 0 .

    Real Numbers (R) = combination of all rational and irrational numbers

    Have the students place each number in the proper place in a Venn diagram:

    0, -4, 3, 5, 12, 3 , 14

    6,

    100

    4, 0.3.

    Real Numbers

    Rational Irrational

    Natural

    Whole

    Integers

  • 61

    Solution:

    3 -4

    0.3

    Have the students work in groups of four to complete the following explorations of addition andmultiplication of rational numbers.

    Exploration 1:

    Let a = -3 b = -1

    2 c = 5 d = -

    3

    4 e =

    2

    3 f = 1

    Substitute the given values for the variables.

    Which statements are true?

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    .

    .

    . ( ) ( )

    . ( ) ( )

    . ( )

    . ( )

    .

    . ( )

    . ( )

    . ( )

    a c c a

    b d d b

    d a f d a f

    b c e b c e

    c f a c f a

    e d d e

    f c f c

    b e f b e f

    b e b e

    d c d c

    + = +

    =

    =

    + + = + +

    = +

    + =

    + = +

    + = +

    = +

    + = +

    160

    4 3

    5

    0

    12

  • 62

    Solutions to Exploration 1:

    1 3 5 5 3 2 2

    2 12

    34

    34

    12

    14

    14

    3 3 14

    1 14

    456789

    . ; ; ;

    . ; ; ;

    . ( ) ( ) ; ;

    . ( ) ) ;. ( ) ;....

    a c c a

    b d d b

    d a f d a f

    b c e b c ec f a c f a

    + = + + = + =

    = = =

    = =

    + = = + + = +

    True

    False

    False

    TrueTrue

    TrueTrueFalseTrue

    10. False

    Exploration 2

    Use the values for the variables used in Exploration 1.

    Which statements are true?

    1. a c c a =

    2. b d d b =

    3. d

    a e =

    d a

    e

    4. 1

    b e =

    e

    b

    5. 1 1 1

    f e f c =

    6. c d

    bc d b

    = ( )

    7. d

    c

    c

    d

    =

    1

    8. e dd

    e

    =

    1

    9. b c e b c e = ( ) ( )

    10. d

    f ad f a

    =

  • 63

    Exploration 3:

    Repeat the process of Explorations 1and 2 for the following equations:

    11 1 1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    .

    . ( )

    . ( )

    . ( )

    . ( )

    . ( )

    . ( )( )

    . ( )( )

    d c d ca e f ae af

    a e a e

    b c d bd cd

    e b a eb ea

    f d e fd fe

    d a e b de db ae ab

    f b a c fa ba fc bc

    += +

    + = +

    =

    =

    =

    + =

    + = +

    = +

    Solutions to Explorations 2 3:

    Exploration 2:

    1. True2. False3. False4. True5. False6. True7. False8. True9. True10. False

    Exploration 3:

    1. False2. True3. False4. True5. False6. True7. True8. False

    Have each group review the properties of real numbers: closure, associative, commutative,identity, inverse, and distributive.

    Randomly select a member from each group to explain a property and give examples.

  • 64

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Understand meaning of key words and phrases in text

    Connections

    Enrichment: Have students write a paragraph describing each property. The paragraph shoulddiscuss the propertys name and applications.

    Fine Arts:

    Home: Have students keep a record of all assignments. (The homework record will be signedby a parent on a weekly basis.)

    Remediation: Provide each student with a piece of grid paper. Have the students create a largegrid of 12 squares (4 squares by 3 squares), and randomly write one of the properties oneach square. One square will be a free square. Write an example of each of the propertiesmentioned above [such as 3(x + 2) = 3x + 6]. Have students cross out the corresponding square.The first student to cross out a row or column is the winner.

    Technology:

    AssessmentTeacher observation

    Homework

    Assign appropriate problems from your text.

  • 65

    Teacher Notes

    Solutions to Opener:

    1. abc

    (1

    2)(-4)(0.04) = -0.08

    2. a + b + c1

    2 + -4 + 0.04 = -3.46

    3.a b c

    (1

    2) (-4) 0.04 = 4.46

    4.1

    ab1

    1

    24

    1

    2( )( )=

    5.a b

    c

    +

    1

    24

    0 04

    35

    0 0487 5

    + =

    =

    .

    .

    ..

    6.ab + c

    1

    2( 4) .04 2 .04 1.96 + = + =

  • 66

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 016 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 6A1

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    Understand number systemsUse variables, number sentences, and equations

    to represent solutions and solve problems

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Use mathematical skills to estimate,approximate, and predict outcomes, and tojudge reasonableness of results

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations, inequalities, functions, and theirgraphs

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Performing Operations and Evaluating Expressions Using the Laws of Exponents

    Materials

    Copies of Exploring Exponents Worksheet

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Review the homework and answer students questions. Introduce the students to exponents.Define exponent as the number of times the base is used as a factor. Stress the fact that the basecan be a variable or a constant.

    Exponent Exponent Exponent

    1. bm 2. 52 3. (4ab)4

    Base Base Base

  • 67

    Remind students that power and exponent have the same connotation.

    Guide the students to discover the basic rules involving exponents.1

    2

    31

    4

    2 3 5

    4 5

    2 2 2 4

    3 4

    5

    32

    6

    4

    4

    44 4 0

    . ( ) ( )

    . .

    . ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

    ( ) . ( ) .

    .

    . .

    .

    a a a a a a a a

    a a a a

    a a a a a a a

    a a

    a

    a

    a a a a a

    a a a

    a aa

    a

    a

    a

    a

    a

    aa a

    m n

    m n

    m

    n

    = =

    = = =

    =

    =

    =

    = =

    Have students try Ask the class to make a conjecture about

    Have the students try Ask the class to make a conjecture about

    Have students try Ask the class to make a conjecture about

    and using the property of one we know that ; therefore,a

    aa

    4

    401 1= = .

    The remaining two rules are definitions.

    11 1

    21

    .

    . ( )

    aa a

    a

    a a a

    nn n

    n

    m

    n m n mn

    = =

    = =

    or

    Have students complete the Exploring Exponents worksheet.

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Understand meaning of key words and phrases in text

    Connection(s)

    Enrichment: Use the library or Internet to find real-world applications of exponents. Gatherpictures, diagrams or articles and make a report for class.

    Fine Arts:

    Home: Have parents sign homework and record weekly.

  • 68

    Remediation: Have students simplify an expression that uses the rules of exponents,writing out each step. In addition to simplifying, have students explain which rule was applied ineach step.

    Technology: See Enrichment.Assessment

    Evaluate Exploring Exponents.

    Homework

    Assign appropriate problems from your text.

    Teacher Notes

    Solutions to Exploring Exponents worksheet:

    1.X X X 2 X

    1

    22 4 1

    42

    3 9 1

    93

    4 16 1

    164 = 2

    5 25 125

    5

    6 36 1

    366

    7 49 1

    497

    8. 64 164

    8 2 2=

    9 81 1

    819 = 3

    10 100 1100 10

    2. (3a)= 1

    3

    1

    3

    1

    92 2 2 4 4( )a a a= =

    3. ( )( )6 612

    2 =6 5 =88.2

    4. ( ) ( )x

    xx x

    5

    233 3 9

    = = 5. 15

    3

    153

    2 4

    5 6

    2

    5

    4

    63 105a b

    a b

    a

    a

    b

    ba b

    = =

  • 69

    6. ( ).2 547 2 0 1x =7. [ ] [ ]( )( )4 4 1

    2162 6 8

    1

    2 8 416 4k k k k k= = =

    8. 7 9 7 81 5672 2 2 8 104k k k k k( ) = = 9. ( )m m =3 3 9

    10. (5 )( )a b ab

    a b

    2 3 4

    7 36

    3 = 30

    3

    101 7

    7 3

    4

    6

    a b

    a b

    b

    a

    =

  • 70

    Exploring Exponents

    1. Complete the following table.

    X X X 2X

    1

    2

    2 4 14 2

    3 94 25 1

    25

    6 367 78 1

    64

    9 8110 1

    100

    Simplify:

    2. (3a) 2 3. ( )( )6 6122 4. ( )x

    x

    5

    2

    3

    5. 1532 4

    5 6a ba b

    6. (2.574x) 7. [( )( )]4 42 61

    2k k

    8. 7k(9k 4 ) 9. (m 3 ) 3 10. ( )( )5 63

    2 3 4

    7 3a b ab

    a b

  • 71

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 017 018 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 6A1

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Use mathematical skills to estimate,approximate, and predict outcomes, and tojudge reasonableness of results

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations, inequalities, functions, and theirgraphs

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Identifying and Comparing Relations and Functions

    Materials

    Graph paperClassroom set of graphing calculatorsOverhead graphing calculatorOverhead projectorCopies of Function or Relation activities

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Review homework and answer students questions.

    Define and discuss domain, range, relation, and function.

    Relation: any set of ordered pairs Domain: the set of possible values for the first coordinates of a relation Range: the set of possible values for the second coordinates in a relation

  • 72

    Function: a set of ordered pairs such that for each first coordinate, there is exactly one corresponding second coordinate

    Have students note that a function is always a relation, but a relation is not always a function.

    Present and discuss the vertical line test. Emphasize that if any vertical line passes through thegraph more than once, the graph is not a function.

    Draw the following on the chalkboard and discuss with the students which relation is a function.Explain why each relation is or is not a function.

    a. b.

    Solutions: Solutions:Does not pass the verticle line test. Passes the verticle line test (a function)(not a function)

    Have the students work in-groups of four to complete the Function or Relation activities.

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Understand meaning of key words and phrases in text

    Connection(s)

    Enrichment: Create pictures of functions and relations and exchange them with your classmatesto see if they can determine which are functions and which are relations.

    Fine Arts:

    Home: Have parents sign homework and record weekly.

    Remediation: Work with students individually on their areas of deficiency.

    Technology:

    Assessment

    Evaluate Function or Relation activities using the Structured Curriculum Scoring Rubric.

  • 73

    Homework

    Assign appropriate problems from your text.

    Teacher Notes

    Solutions to Function or Relation Activity 1:

    1. Function - 1-1 Correspondence 2. Not a function not a 1-1 Correspondence3. Not a function not a 1-1 Correspondence 4. Not a function - not a 1-1 correspondence5. Function - -1-1 Correspondence 6. Not a function - not a 1-1 Correspondence

    7. Function - Passes the vertical line test 8. Not a function Does not pass the vertical line test

    Solutions to Function or Relation Activity 2:

    1. Domain - (0,3,5)Range - (-2,-1,0)

    Not a function not a 1-1 correspondence

    2. Domain ( -7, -2, 0 )Range - (1, 3, 4, 7)

    Not a function Not a 1-1 correspondence3. Domain (2, 9)

    Range (-5, -4, 4, 5)Not a function not a 1-1 correspondence

    4. {x | x -2}

    5. {x | x > 0} 6. {x | 0 x 3}7. {x | -4 x 5}

    8. a. See student workb. Domain {x |x R} Range {y| -1}c. Function

    9. a. See student workb. Domain {x|x R} Range {y|y -1}c. Function

    10. a. See student workb. Domain {x |x > 0} Range {y|y 0}c. Function

  • 74

  • 75

    Function or Relation Activity 2

    Determine whether each relation is a function. Identify the domain and range.

    1. {(5, 0),(3, -1), (0,0), (5, -1),(3, -2)}

    2. {(-7,3), (-2,1), (-2,4), (0,7) }

    3. {(9,-5), (9,5), (2,4), (2,-4)

    Find the domain of the following functions.

    4. f(x) = 1

    2x +5. g(x) = x

    6.

    5 4 3 2 1

    -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5

    7.

    5 4 3 2 1

    -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5

    (0,3)

    (3,0)

    (5,5)

    (-4,-4)

  • 76

    Use a graphing calculator to graph each relation.

    a) sketch the graphb) find the domain and the rangec) determine whether the relation is a function

    8. y x x= +2 34 3 9. yx

    =

    1

    52

    10. yx

    =

    12

  • 77

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 019 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 6A1; 8B1; 8D2

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    Use variables, number sentences, and equationsto represent solutions and solve problems

    Analyze and interpret data presented in charts,graphs, tables, and other displays

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Use mathematical skills to estimate,approximate, and predict outcomes, and tojudge reasonableness of results

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations, inequalities, functions, and theirgraphs

    Unit Focus

    Exploring Properties of Real Numbers

    Instructional Focus

    Mid-Unit Assessment

    Materials

    Copies of the Mid-Unit Assessment

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Review homework from the previous day and answer students questions.

    Administer the Mid-Unit Assessment.

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Understand explicit, factual informationSC: Apply scientific method to solve problems

  • 78

    Connections

    Enrichment:

    Fine Arts:

    Home: Have parents sign homework and record weekly.

    Remediation: Work with students individually on their areas of deficiency.

    Technology:

    Assessment

    Evaluate the Mid-Unit Assessment using the Structured Curriculum Scoring Rubric.

    Homework

    Have students review class notes.

    Teacher Notes

    Solutions to the Unit Two Mid-Unit Assessment:

    1. x 3 2. 2x +4

    3. 4 3

    2

    x

    x

    +4.

    5

    12

    2x

    5. 3 27

    8 3x

    x

    6. 1

    27. a. Domain {x|-6

  • 79

    Unit Two Mid-Unit Assessment

    Simplify.

    1. ((x))1

    2 2. 2 4

    2 320

    x

    x x

    +

    +c h

    3. 3 4

    2x x+ 4.

    5

    3 4

    xy

    z

    xz

    y

    5. 3 27

    24 2

    x

    xx

    6. x x+

    +2

    3

    2 1

    6

    For each graphed relation:a. Find the domain and rangeb. Determine whether the relation is a function

    7. 10 8 6 4 2

    -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10

    8. 10 8 6 4 2

    -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10

  • 80

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 020-021 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 6A1

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving integers, fractions, decimals and percents, explicitly stated or within contextChoose and apply appropriate operational procedures and problem-solving strategies to real -world situations

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios, percents, and proportionsIdentify, analyze, and solve problems using equations, inequalities, functions, and their graphs

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Using the Slope Formula to Write and Identify Increasing and Decreasing Linear Functions

    Materials

    Graph paperClassroom set of graphing calculatorsOverhead graphing calculatorOverhead projector

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Review previous days homework and answer students questions.

    Return and review the Mid-Unit Assessment.

    Remind students that f(x) = a and y = a have the same meaning. Traditionally, y = mx + bdescribes a linear equation. Ask the students: What does f(x) = mx + b describe? (A linearformation function) Ask the students to write the formula for the slope of a linear function.

    Solution: mf x f x

    x xf x y f x y=

    = =2 1

    2 12 2 1 1

    b g b g b g b gwhere and .

    The slope of a line describes how quickly a line is rising or falling as we look from left to right.Illustrate increasing and decreasing linear functions.

  • 81

    Increasing function Positive slope

    Decreasing function Negative slope

    Neither

    Zero

    A horizontal line is not rising or falling at all, so its slope = 0.

    Undefined slope

    A vertical line rises so quickly that we cant describe it, so its slope is undefined or infinite.

    Have students find the slope and determine whether the graph is an increasing or decreasingfunction.

    1 3 2 8

    2 4 3

    3 3 0

    4 5 5 5

    .

    .

    .

    .

    x y

    x y

    x y

    x y

    + =

    =

    + =

    + =

    Review the solutions with the class.

  • 82

    Solutions:

    1. Slope = - 3

    2 decreasing function

    2. Slope = -4 decreasing function

    3. Slope = -3 decreasing function

    4. Slope = -1 decreasing function

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Understand explicit, factual informationUnderstand the meaning of words in context

    Connection(s)

    Enrichment: Find the value of x:

    Solutions: 6(x + 6) = 8(12) 6x + 36 =9 6 6x = 60

    x = 10

    Fine Arts:

    Home: Have parents sign homework and record weekly.

    Remediation: Work with students individually on their areas of deficiency.

    Technology: Have students use a graphing calculator to graph a series of linear equations anddetermine the relation between the value for m and the direction of the slant.

    Assessment

    Teacher observation

    Homework

    Assign appropriate problems from your text.

    6x

    8

    4

  • 83

    Teacher Notes

    Create a transparency to illustrate increasing and decreasing functions.This is a two-day lesson. The second day (Day 021) should be used to review homework,remediation exercises, or for extra practice as necessary.

  • 84

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 022 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 6A; 8A1; 8C1

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    Understand number systems

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations, inequalities, functions, and theirgraphs

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Identifying and Using Properties of Functions

    Materials

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Review previous days homework and answer students questions.

    Explain to students that functions can be combined to create new functions by the operations ofaddition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

    Demonstrate by using the following example: f(x) = x + 3 g(x) = x2 + 1

    ADDITION f(x) + g(x) = x + 3 + x2 + 1 = x2 + x + 4

    SUBTRACTION f(x) g(x) = x + 3 (x2 + 1) = - x2 + x + 2

  • 85

    MULTIPLICATIONf(x) g(x) = (x + 3)(x2 + 1) = x3 + 3x2 + x + 3

    DIVISIONf xg x

    xx

    ( )( )

    =+

    +

    312

    Have the students note that:

    f(x) + g(x) = (f + g) (x)f(x) - g(x) = (f - g) (x)f(x) g(x) = (f g) (x)

    f x

    g x

    f

    gx g x

    ( )

    ( ),=

    FHGIKJ b g b g 0

    Assign the following to be completed in class.

    Find the sum, difference, product, and quotient for each. State the domain of the quotient.

    1. f(x) = x + 1 g(x) = x - 1

    2. f(x) = 2x g(x) = 12x

    3. f(x) = x g(x) = x2 - 14. f(x) = x2 g(x) 5

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Understand explicit, factual informationSC: Apply scientific method to solve problems

    Connection(s)

    Enrichment: Have students create additional problems using the sum, difference, product, andquotient properties of functions.

    Fine Arts:

    Home: Have students keep a record of all assignments. (The homework record will be signedby a parent on a weekly basis.)

    Remediation: Review function notation and have students explain examples of evaluatingfunctions.

  • 86

    Technology:

    Assessment

    Evaluate the in-class assignment using the Structured Curriculum Scoring Rubric.

    Homework

    Assign appropriate problems from your text.

    Teacher Notes

    Solutions to in-class assignments:

    Sum Difference Product Quotient

    1. 2x 2 x-1 x

    xx

    +

    1

    11;

    2. 2 13

    2

    x

    x

    + 2 13

    2

    x

    x

    2

    x2 3x ; all real numbers

    3.

    x x2 1+ x x +3 1 x x x2 x

    xx

    2 11

    ; ,

    4. x+5 x-5 5x x 2

    5; all real numbers

  • 87

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 023 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 8C1

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    Understand number systems

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations, inequalities, functions, and theirgraphs

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Performing Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division of Functions

    Materials

    Classroom set of graphing calculatorsOverhead graphing calculatorCopies of Exploring Functions activityOverhead projector

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Review previous days homework and answer students questions.

    Have students work in pairs to complete Exploring Functions activity.

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Understand explicit, factual informationSC: Apply scientific method to solve problems

  • 88

    Connections

    Enrichment:

    Fine Arts:

    Home:

    Remediation:

    Technology:

    Assessment

    Evaluate Exploring Functions activity using the Structured Curriculum Scoring Rubric.

    Homework

    Have students study for end-of-unit assessment and write any problems or questions they mayhave.

    Teacher Notes

    Soluions to Exploring Functions:

    1.

    2. y1 is a parabola y2 is a line

    3. See studentssolutions f(x) + g(x) = x2 + 2x 5

    4. See students solutionsf(x)g(x) = 2x3 4x2-2x + 4

    5. See students solutions f(x) g(x) = -x2 + 2x - 3

  • 89

    Exploring Functions

    Use a graphing calculator to complete the following using: f x xb g = 2 4 1)( 2 = xxg

    1. Graph f(x) as y1 and g(x) as y2.

    2. Describe the graphs of y1 and y2.

    3. a) Make a conjecture about the graph of y1+ y2 [ f(x) + g(x)] and draw a sketch.b) Graph y1+ y2 and compare the graph to your sketch.

    4. a) Make a conjecture about the graph of y y1 2 [ f x g x( ) ( ) ] and draw a sketch.b) Graph y y1 2 and compare the graph to your sketch.

    5. Without graphing, sketch y y1 2 .

  • 90

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 024 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 8D2

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    Use variables, number sentences, and equationsto represent solutions and solve problems

    Analyze and interpret data presented in charts,graphs, tables, and other displays

    Demonstrate understanding of measurementconcepts and apply measurement skills

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations, inequalities, functions, and theirgraphs

    Understand and use methods of data collectionand analysis, including tables, charts, andcomparisons

    Demonstrate an understanding of measurementconcepts and skills

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Exploring Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Investigating Bouncing Balls

    Materials

    Transparencies (blank)Overhead projectorGraph paperGraphing calculatorMeter sticksBouncing balls (tennis balls, racquetballs, etc.)Bouncing ball activity sheetChart paperMarkers

  • 91

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Review previous days homework and answer students questions.

    Have the students complete the Bouncing Ball Activity.

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Apply information presented in the text to a new or different situationSC: Analyze and interpret data

    Connections

    Enrichment: Have the students sketch a graph for relationship a and b. If one variable isdependent on the other, place it on the vertical axis.

    a) Your height above the ground as you ride a Ferris wheel.b) The temperature of a cup of hot chocolate sitting on your desk.

    Fine Arts:

    Home: Have students keep a record of all assignments. (The homework record will be signedby a parent on a weekly basis.)

    Remediation: Work with students individually on their areas of deficiency.

    Technology:

    Assessment

    Teacher observation

    Homework

    Assign appropriate review problems from your text.

    Teacher Notes

  • 92

    Bouncing Ball Activity

    1. Have each member of the group assume one of the following roles:

    Bouncer: drops the ball from the designated heights

    Measurer: reads the initial height and rebound height

    Recorder: records the data into the chart

    Verifier: double-checks the measurements

    2. Rotate the roles.

    3. Each bouncer should complete three trials.

    4. Create a scatter plot using the highest and lowest rebounds on a transparency.

    5. Use the scatter plot to find the line of best fit and sketch it on the transparency.

    6. Compare and discuss the results as a class, using the transparencies.

    Height 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Highest Lowest Rebound Rebound 100 cm 150 cm 200 cm 250 cm

  • 93

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 025 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 8A1; 8B1; 8C1; 8D2

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    Use variables, number sentences, and equationsto represent solutions and solve problems

    Analyze and interpret data presented in charts,graphs, tables, and other displays

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Use mathematical skills to estimate,approximate, and predict outcomes and tojudge reasonableness of results

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations, inequalities, functions, and theirgraphs

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Exploring Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Reviewing Properties and Operation of Real Numbers and Functions

    Materials

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Review Unit Two using a review format from the Appendix C.

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Apply information presented in the text to a new or different situationSC: Analyze and interpret data

  • 94

    Connections

    Enrichment: Have the students create a story that could be represented by the graph below.

    Fine Arts: See Enrichment.

    Home: Students will keep a record of all assignments. The homework record will be signed by aparent on a weekly basis.

    Remediation:

    Technology:

    Assessment

    Teacher observation

    Homework

    Direct students to study for the Unit Two Assessment.

    Teacher Notes

  • 95

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 026 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 8A1; 8B1; 8C1; 8D2

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    Use variables, number sentences, and equationsto represent solutions and solve problems

    Analyze and interpret data presented in charts,graphs, tables, and other displays

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations, inequalities, functions, and theirgraphs

    Understand and use methods of data collectionand analysis, including tables, charts, andcomparisons

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Exploring Properties and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Assessing Property and Operations of Real Numbers and Functions

    Materials

    Copies of Unit Two Assessment

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Have students complete the Unit Two Assessment.

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Draw conclusions, inferring meanings from textSC: Analyze and interpret dataSS: Read and interpret maps, charts, graphs and cartoons

  • 96

    Connections

    Enrichment:

    Fine Arts:

    Home: Students will keep a record of all assignments. The homework record will be signed bya parent on a weekly basis.

    Remediation:

    Technology:

    Assessment

    Evaluate the Unit Two Assessment using the Structured Curriculum Scoring Rubric.

    Homework

    Have students select two samples of their work from Unit Two for their portfolios and explainwhy each was selected.

    Teacher Notes

    Solutions to the Unit Two Assessment:

    1. See students work2. See students work

    3. a. b. y = 1

    2

    1

    2x +

    c. The function is increasing.4. a. Function b. Function5. x xm r is a real number6. x x

    RSTUVW

    1

    2

    7. f x g x x x x x( ) ( )+ = + + + = + +3 1 4 3 3 4 42 2

    8. f(x) g(x) 3x2 1 4x 3

    3x2 1 4x 3

    3x2 4x 2

    = + +

    = +

    =

    b g

  • 97

    9. f x g x x x x x x( ) ( ) = + + = + + +b gb g3 1 4 3 12 9 4 32 3 2

    10. f x

    g x

    x

    x

    b gb ge j

    =

    +

    +

    3 1

    4 3

    2

    11. x y

    y x

    x y

    y x

    x

    y

    = =

    3 2 4

    6 4 2

    12 8

    12 8

    4

    20

    c hc h

    12. FHGIKJ =

    =

    =

    3 3

    3 27

    3 3

    3 3

    3 3

    3

    3 3

    xy x y

    x y x y

    13.5a3b

    8a2b22ab3

    15ab 1

    5a

    8b

    2b4

    15

    10ab3

    120

    FHGG

    IKJJ FHGG

    IKJJ=

    FHGIKJFHGGIKJJ=

    14.4x2y

    xy2

    1

    xy2

    4x2y

    y

    4x

    FHGGIKJJ

    =

    =

    15. x y xy3 91

    3 3c h =

  • 98

    Unit Two Assessment

    1. Sketch the graph of a relation that is a function.

    2. Sketch the graph of a relation that is a function.

    3. Determine the linear function determined by the points (3, 2) and (5, 3).

    A. Sketch the graph B. Give the equation C. Is the function increasing or decreasing?

    4. State whether the set of ordered pairs represents a function.

    a. 2 3 2 3 4 7 51, , , , , , ,b g b g b g b g qm b. 1 3 2 5 4 0 31, , , , , , ,b g b g b g b g qm

  • 99

    For problems 5 - 6, let (x) = 4x 2 -1 and g(x) = 22 1

    x

    x +

    5. What is the domain of ? 6. What is the domain of g?

    For problems 7 10, let (x) = 3 x2 1+ and g(x) = 4x + 3.

    7. Find (x) + g(x). 8. Find (x) g(x).

    9. Find (x) g(x). 10. Find f xg x

    ( )

    ( ).

    Simplify.

    Use only positive exponents in your solution.

    11. x g

    g x

    3 2 4

    6 4 2

    c hc h

    12. FHGIKJ

    33

    xy

    13. 5

    8

    2

    15

    3

    2 2

    3

    1

    a b

    a b

    ab

    ab

    FHGIKJFHG

    IKJ 14.

    4 2

    2

    1x y

    xy

    FHGIKJ

    15. x y3 91

    3c h

  • 100

    STRUCTURED CURRICULUM LESSON PLAN

    Day: 027 Subject: Advanced Algebra Grade Level: High School

    Correlations (SG,CAS,CFS): 6A1; 8C1

    TAP:Perform arithmetic operations involving

    integers, fractions, decimals and percents,explicitly stated or within context

    Choose and apply appropriate operationalprocedures and problem-solving strategies toreal-world situations

    Understand number systemsUse variables, number sentences, and equations

    to represent solutions and solve problems

    ISAT:Solve problems requiring computations with

    whole numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios,percents, and proportions

    Use mathematical skills to estimate,approximate, and predict outcomes, and tojudge reasonableness of results

    Identify, analyze, and solve problems usingequations

    Unit Focus/Foci

    Exploring Properties of Real Numbers

    Instructional Focus/Foci

    Assessing Properties of Real Numbers

    Materials

    Unit Two Assessment (student copies)

    Educational Strategies/Instructional Procedures

    Return the Unit Two Assessment and review the solutions with the students.

    Have the students write an essay reflecting on their performance in Unit Two. Invite the studentsto use the following questions as guidelines for writing their essays:

    1. Did I do my best?2. What gave me the most difficulty?3. Where do I need the most help?4. What methods or recourse did I use to improve myself?5. What would I do differently next time?

  • 101

    Remind students that an essay has a minimum of three paragraphs: introduction, body, andconclusion.

    Integration with Core Subject(s)

    LA: Understand the meaning of key words and phrases in textSC: Analyze and interpret data

    Connection(s)

    Enrichment:

    Fine Arts:

    Home:

    Remediation:

    Technology:

    Assessment

    Homework

    Have students select three samples of their work to place in their portfolio; have students write anexplanation as to why each piece was selected.

    Teacher Notes


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