Advanced Technologies for TrainingMRO Latin AmericaJanuary 21-22, 2016Sheraton Lima Hotel & Convention CenterLima, Peru

Eng. Marcelo Ariel González KiryczunHead of Training, Certifications and QualificationsAerolíneas Argentinas S.A.

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“Attract and retain the next generation of aviation professionals with moderntechnical training programs, optimizing on new technologies. Improve theskills of the workforce and make your employees more efficient by using e-learning tools for initial and recurrent training”

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Advanced technologies for training

• Introduction (Aerolíneas Argentinas)

• Which is the purpose of using technology?

• Training delivery methods based on technology

• Benefits… of technology

• Resulting in…

• Mistakes and myths…

• Some suppliers in the market

• Some training devices based on technology

• Airbus Competence Training Philosophy

• Training By Airbus at Aerolíneas Argentinas

• Conclusions

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• Commercial air transport operator with its own MRO & Training Center• Created on December 7th, 1950 (Argentine state owned)• Skyteam member since August, 2012• Current “in service fleet” of 77 airplanes (22 Embraer ERJ 190, 22 Boeing 737-

700, 20 Boeing 737-800, 6 Airbus A330 and 7 Airbus A340)

Brief introduction to our company Aerolíneas Argentinas

• Aerolíneas Argentinas and Airbus have established first Maintenance Training Collaboration in South America (being part of Training By Airbus network)

• Own simulators training center, consisting of 4 full flight simulators, Airbus A330/A340 (1), Boeing 737-700/-800 (2) and Embraer ERJ 190 (1)

• The business group is made up of 5 companies: Aerolineas Argentinas, Austral, Aerohandling, JetPaq & Optar

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Which is the purpose of using technology?

“Which is the purpose of training? Competences (Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes)

Based on ATA 104 specification concept (Airline for America):

“Use of technology during learning must be to enhance knowledge/skilltransfer rather than demonstrate technological possibilities”

When “technology applied for maintenance training” may be the appropriatemedium? When students must practice performance of a procedure/skill, When the instruction is best served by an aircraft simulation, and When use of an interactive and dynamic learning devices provides better

information transfer, than by using other static means such astransparencies or slides.

“When the “technology applied” makes possible to achieve learning objectives, based on the required competences or needs” “The technology must be the means, not the end”

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• Computer Base Training (CBT)

• E-learning (Web Based Training)

• Blended Learning (50%-50%, 30%-70%, etc.)

• Distance Learning (virtual classrooms, webEx, etc.)

• Learning Management Systems (LMS)

• Applications (for tablets, laptops, mobiles and similar devices)

• Training Management Systems (TMS)

• Embedded Training (on the job, on device)

• Simulation Based Training Devices (2D, Two-dimensional)

• Part Task Trainers (2D & 3D)

• Virtual Reality (VR)

• Full Flight Simulators (FFS, Three-dimensional)

Training delivery methods based on technology

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• Provides desirable conditions for learning purposes• Permits represent and understand of real or hypothetic malfunction scenarios• Apply learning by doing method, practically-oriented learning/teaching• Learn by exploring, using a free-play technology• Provides an interactive medium• Training and learning at any location, at times convenient for each student• Learning at each student pace during training• Feedback of learning progress for each student• Information transfer and comprehension by interaction• Simulated objects interaction and living things in real time• Promotes active participation of the students• Safer training environment and A/C operations• Medium for practicing performance of a procedure• More interactive and intense learning process• Applies pedagogic concept that student better learn what student practice• Initial and recurrent training application• Student engagement and motivation, no boring and repetitive process

Benefits…

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• No repercussion on operative aircrafts, components or equipment• Reduced practical training on aircraf• Avoid risks, distractions and student injuries• Better training control, feedback, students progress tracking and oversight• Training at any location (no travel, living and accommodation expenses)• Courses time frame and cost reduction• Remedial training reduction• Higher maintenance staff efficiency• Promotes discipline at work, good habits and standardization• Decrease errors during maintenance actions• Reduction of incorrect LRU removals and damages, and produce associated

costs reductions• Increase maintenance efficiency and reduce time• Improved accuracy in problem solving and troubleshooting tasks• Better aircraft dispatch reliability• Reduce aircraft delays and increased measures of safety• Produce staff engagement and motivation

Resulting in…

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• Understand technology as the end, instead of the medium• Take into account training and technology in terms of expenses, instead of

investments• Not “user friendly” tools implementation, because more complex seems to be

better (these doesn’t engage students)• Technology must help to troubleshoot the system, and must not be the

object to troubleshoot• Select devices may not fulfill the training needs, this shows no previous

analysis done• Chose a technologic solution based on the price, instead of quality and

features (technical difficulties, not support, connectivity problems, etc.)• Chose a technologic solution with poor flexibility and customization degree,

accordingly to the training needs• Believe that technology is capable of representing the whole universe of

scenarios• Believe technology can replace all practical training developed in real

environment• Create or represent not real or impossible imaginary scenarios, by simulation

tools• Use of not standardized technology and processes

Mistakes…

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Simulation & Virtual Reality

Some suppliers we can find in the market

Standards

Multimedia Based Learning

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Some training devices based on technology

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Employs – Electronic Media – Platforms – Course Content – Inside/OutsideTraditional Classroom

E-learning (web based training - WBT)

• Motivational effects from modularization of contents (SCORM), multimedia design and target groups designation

• Interactive courses• Impart knowledge & generate skills• At the correct pace for each student• May be accomplished at any location• At times convenient for each student• Enhance and supplement traditional

methods• Increase efficiency and flexibility

(assessments, tracking, feedback, etc.)• Improve cost-effectiveness

Fraunhofer Institute (German): case study about Infowerk WBT“The use of WBT as a tool in professional advanced training can considerablyheighten learning and teaching efficiency, if web based training is seen not as asubstitute, but rather as a supplement to classical advanced training methodsand elements”

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• Employ high level of interactivity to keep students engaged and motivated• Use multiple instructional methods to improve results• Provide a balance between virtual interaction and direct interchange• Provide a well thought-out user interface• Make the instructional navigation simple, yet supportive of frequent and

infrequent user types• Provide ongoing assessment and feedback to reinforce learning• Use audio, video and animation to support different learning styles and

optimize memory and brain utilization• Limit use of text so as not to overload screens (students process text on a

display at a rate of about 30% less than that of paper)• Use graphics where possible• Let learners guide the instruction but not get lost• Provide scaffolding to allow learners to fill in gaps of learning through help

systems, glossaries, and links to assessment and instruction• Provide options in support of differences in female and male uses of

technology• Ensure that the response time of the instructional environment matches that of

the learner as best as possible

Guidelines for successful instructional design (by Infowerk)

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How efficiency Web Based Training (E-learning) is in terms of training costs?• 2 days Classroom Training for 800 students (53 training sessions)• Compared to Classic Classroom Training and Blended Training (50%-50%)

Training cost analysis (Infowerk & Fraunhofer Institute, case study)

Classroom training 3 times higher than WBT, due to high travel andaccommodation expenses, and cost for replacement workers

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Single student figures:Training cost analysis (Infowerk & Fraunhofer Institute, case study)

• Development cost is the most relevant one for web based training, but this isabsorbed by travel costs, student costs and instructor costs

• In terms of training costs, web base training is 65% less expensive thantraditional classroom training and 28% less than blended training

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“A Simulation Based Training tool designed to reduce training costs and increaseoperational efficiency by teaching any number of aircraft malfunctions on demandand maintenance tasks and procedures”

Virtual Aircraft and Virtual Flight Deck (by Aerosim)

• Virtual Flight Deck (VFD): Simulated cockpit, layouts organized with panels toteach specific aircraft systems and active schematics

• Virtual Aircraft (VA): Aircraft walk-around and access to compartments,component Identification, front panel BITE, removal and installation ofcomponents, Integrated with IOS and VFD (instructor & students station)

• Instructor Operating Station (IOS): Launch training scenarios, monitor andcontrol students progress, results in real time, setup aircraft environment

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Some features:

Lessons & malfunction scenariosTroubleshooting proceduresReturn to service tests (LRU & CDU)Flight capacity, in air faultsDynamic schematicsFull free play for all systemsNavigate equipment bays & CBsComponent location & replacement

Virtual Aircraft and Virtual Flight Deck (by Aerosim)

Some benefits:

Familiar & user friendly, engagementLearning in their own paceMotivate students, extra time after classControlled classroom settingFree from distractions and limitationsFocus on instructor ledIncrease operational efficiencyReduce training costsReduce training time in real aircraftSave time, money and enhance safety

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“TAM Airlines case study about “getting better results in aircraft maintenanceefficiency & cost savings, using simulation based training tools”

Innovative approach to aircraft maintenance efficiency & cost savings

• Investigations revealed incorrect troubleshooting & fault isolation proceduresaccomplished during line maintenance, causing economic loss

• Challenge was to improve training on aircraft systems logic, normal operatingprocedures, troubleshooting and the use of manuals

• Insurance doesn’t cover maintenance issues, that’s whyquality training is essential

• TAM was looking for a solution that could handle this

• They implemented Aerosim VMT for Airbus A320 and A330

• “Line Maintenance Course” to teach and reinforce systemslogic and operation, troubleshooting, fault isolation procedures,and return-to-service tests (20 day, minimum 120 hours)

80% reduction of aircraft “Gate-return” or “Turn-back” over the next three to five years

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Virtual Aircraft and Virtual Flight Deck (video presentation)

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“In developing phase, consisting of the integration of Virtual Aircraft trainer NADVirtual Reality Head-Mounted Device & 3D controls”

Virtual reality with Oculus integrated with virtual aircraft (by Aerosim)

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“How virtual reality’s versatility can be utilized for training purposes?

Virtual reality with Oculus integrated with virtual aircraft (by Aerosim)

• Spatial Awareness• Fieldtrips & walkaround• Adds elements to help memorize

component locations that you wouldn’treceive looking at a 3D image

• Provides a more realistic scenario• Save on costs that using an actual

plane for training would accrue• No risk of injuries that using an actual

plane would have

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“Artificial intelligent reality application that works like an digital aura to help, guardand improve mechanics performance in maintenance and repair organizations”

Artificial intelligent reality app “MRO.AIR” (by Connectar)

• Increase efficiency of mechanics by 30% at work• Reduce number of mechanics errors by over 50%• Application can help and guide mechanics during

maintenance and repair tasks• A task on a work order will be never left unfinished

Why not for training purposes?

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Artificial intelligent reality app “MRO.AIR” (video presentation)

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Learning Management Systems & Virtual Classrooms

Learning Management System (e.g. Infowerk, Aerosim): A tool for administeringstandardized e-learning courses, documentation, tracking, reporting, enrolling,managing, communicate, testing and delivery mentioned courses or to supporttraining programs.

Virtual Classroom (e.g. Infowerk):It is designed to teach local students and virtualstudents in a familiar classroom environment, by connecting virtual desktops andfollowing virtual classes, with classmates interaction.

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Mobile and tablet applications (Self study, Learning on the go)

Applications such as “Cockpit Familiarization”, “Aircraft Systems & GeneralSubject Lessons” and “FMS Practice”. Most of them for Pilot applications, butvery useful to reinforce, introduce to subject and to perform self study onmaintenance training.

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Airbus Competence Training Philosophy and Aerolíneas Argentinas being part of “Training By Airbus” worldwide network

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Airbus Competence Training Philosophy

ACT Classroom:Student Station, ACT Trainer and Virtual Aircraft

Instructor led:Theoretical (T) and Practical Training (P1),Presentations

Virtual Aircraft:Linked to ACT Trainer, Troubleshooting,Maintenance Tasks, Component Location and Walkaround

Real Aircraft (environment):Field Trips, A/C general presentation,Component Location, Performance of Maintenance Tasks (P1 + P2), Safety Awareness

Student Station:Courseware, CBTs, Airnavand Technical Documents (e)

ACT Trainer:Systems MalfunctionsTroubleshootingScenariosOperating Cond.

Airbus Competence Training Philosophy(Integrated Solution)

Standardized Training:Levels 1 to 3T, P1 & P2AV, AF & PP

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Philosophy Basis:• Active Learning (trainee participation)• Operationally Oriented• Airbus Technical Documentation• Human Factors Integration• Standardized Training• EASA approved Training Courses• Specialized Training Courses• Innovation (new technologies)

Integrated solution in terms of proportion of different elements of training

Airbus Competence Training Philosophy

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ACT Classroom:• 1 Instructor Station and its projection

system (dual or split)• 12 Student workstation: 6 ACT trainers

for 12 trainees, 1 Laptop per trainee• Course materials (CBT)• Electronic documents (Airn@v, MMEL,

SRM, etc.)• Airbus Qualified Instructors

Airbus Competence Training Philosophy

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Aerolíneas Argentinas “Training By Airbus” (training collaboration)

“We have signed a strategic agreement for Airbus maintenance training (ACT) in Buenos Aires”

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Aerolíneas Argentinas “Training By Airbus” (EASA Part 147 approved)

“At present we are going through the standardization process, we estimate

be ready before may of this year”

“We will deliver Airbus A320 (family), A330 and A340, and specialized

training courses”

“We are contributing to fulfilling regional training needs of the

growing population of Airbus aircraft engineers and technicians”

“We will provide training to Airbus part 147 standards”

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Conclusions• Technology will be the appropriate medium for training when It makes possible

achievement of learning objectives, based on the required competences and needs• Technology must be understood as the means, instead of the end• Training based on technology must be seen not as a substitute, but rather as a

supplement to classical advanced training methods and elements• Technology should be part of an integrated and standardized training solution• It doesn´t matter how successful an animation or simulation is or how demanding an

exercise on device seems to be, nothing can totally replace practical training in a realenvironment (integration)

• Training and technology must be taken into account in terms of investments, instead ofexpenses

• We must be opened to explore every technology in the market and analyze its featuresand contributions to learning processes

• We need trust in the new generation of designers and advanced solutions they aredeveloping, we need to overcome our old paradigms

• We may create our own training philosophy based on technology use or adopt analready developed concept

• Training based on technology as a tool in professional advanced training shouldconsiderably heighten learning and teaching efficiency

• Technology benefits in terms of students development and motivation, can result in theincreasing of maintenance efficiency, better operations reliability and costs reduction

• Taking care of our training program, represents taking care of our personnel preparation.Employees will be motivated by observing our effort to make improvements

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Eng. Marcelo Ariel González kiryczunHead of Training, Certifications & Qualifications

Aerolíneas Argentinas S.A.(54-11) 4480-5146/5012

mgonzaki@aerolineas.com.arwww.aerolineas.com.ar