Advances in Cerebral Angiography

INSERM -Symposium

Marseille, May 13-16, 1975

DO Dj1 Institut National ~ de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale

Advances in Cerebral Angiography Anatomy · Stereotaxy · Embolization Computerized Axial Tomography

Edited by G. Salamon

With 222 Figures

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH

Editor: Prof. Dr. G. Salamon, Service de Neuroradiologie et Radiologie Vasculaire, CHU de la Timone, 13005 Marseille/France

Secretaries: Dr. Ch. Raybaud (Marseille/France) Dr. W. Bank (Pittsburgh/USA)

ISBN 978-3-540-07569-1 ISBN 978-3-662-02274-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-02274-0

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Mairi entry under title: Advances in cerebral angiography. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Brain--Blood-vessels--Radiography--Congresses. 2. Brain--Blood-vessels--Congresses. 3. Brain--Diseases--Diagnosis--Congresses. I. Salamon, Georg, 1931-11. Institut national de Ia sante et Ia recherche medicale. [DNLM: 1. Cerebral angiography. 2. Stereotaxic technics. 3. Tomography. 4. Diagnosis, Computer assisted. WL141 A244] RC368.6.A54A35 616.8'04'7572 75-41421

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© by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1975. Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 1975.

The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

Preface

A few years ago, at the Symposium of Neuroradiology in Rome, ZIEDSES DES PLANTES made a decisive contribution to cerebral angiography with photographic subtraction.

From this time on, technical advances, anatomical findings, therapeutic tests such as embolization, development of stereo­taxy, and computerized axial tomography have opened a wide field for cerebral angiography.

These important findings became the subject of a scientific meeting.

The quality of the presentations and the results of each re­port made this a most interesting symposium.

I am very grateful to all those who contributed to make it a success.

Marseille, October 10th 1975 G. SALAMON

v

This meeting was held under the guidance and with the financial help of INSERM (Paris) .

We also thank the

Ministry of Foreign Affairs Faculty of Medicine in Marseille Administration of the Hospital in Marseille CGR, Kodak, Guerbet, Philips and Siemens for their material support.

Contents

Part I Anatomy

Angiographic-Anatomic Study of the Vascular Territories of the Cerebral Convolutions Ch. RAYBAUD, P. MICHOTEY, W. BANK, and Ph. FARNARIER •••••. 2

Anatomic and Radiographic Study of the Fissures and Sulci of the Brain G. SALAMON, Ch. RAYBAUD, P. MICHOTEY, and Ph. FARNARIER ... 10

The Cerebral Cortical Arteries B.A. RING . . . . • . . • • • • . • • . . • . . . . • . • . • • • • . . . . . • . . . • . • . • . . . • . . 25

The Anatomy of the Perforating Arteries of the Basal Ganglia H.A. KAPLAN •......•.••..••••.•..•••.•••..•......••••...... 33

The Central Arteries of the Brain: Classification and Territories of ·vascular Supply G. LAZORTHES, G. SALAMON, A. GOUAZE, and J. ZADEH ....•...• 37

I

Angiography of the Thalamoperforating Arteries with Special Emphasis on Arteriography of the Third Ventricle A.E. GEORGE, G. SALAMON, and I.I. KRICHEFF ..•..•..•..••.•. 42

Arteriography of the Third Ventricle: Pathologic Anatomy A.E. GEORGE, G. SALAMON, and I. I. KRICHEFF •••..•.•.••••••. 49

The Posterior Fossa Arteries: 1. The Morphology and Varia­tions of the Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery. 2. The Arteriographic Localization of the Fourth Ventricle G. SCIALFA, W. BANK, M. MEGRET, and J.M. CORBAZ •••.•.••..• 55

Anatomic-Radiologic Study of the Cerebella-Labyrinthine Arterial System Normal Aspect. Connections with Internal Auditory Canal J.M. CAILLE, J. PITON, and J. BOUSSENS .•.•...•.•.•..•••... 62

Anatomical Variations of the Internal Auditory Artery S . WENDE and N • NAKAYAMA • • • . • . . . • . . . . • . . . . • • . . • . • . . • . • • • . • 6 9

The Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery in Profile Ana­tomic-Radiographic Correlation in the Lateral Projection T.P. NAIDICH and I.I. KRICHEFF .•••..•...•••.•..••...•..•.. 74

variations of Basal Cerebral Veins: Embryologic Considerations Y. P. HUANG and B. s. WOLF . • . • • . • . • • . • • • • • . • . • • . . . . . . . . • . . • • 8 2

VII

VIII

The Superficial Veins of the Human Brainstem H. DUVERNOY . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . 9 3

Closure of the Venous Tonsillovermian Angle in Mass Lesions of the Inferior Pole of the Posterior Fossa A. WACKENHE IM ............................................. 1 00

A New Functional Approach to the Cerebral Arterial System A. GOUAZE, G. LAZORTHES, J.J. SANTINI, G. SALAMON, and J. LAFFONT ................................................ 105

The Evolutionary Basis of Cerebral Arterial Patterns (Summary) E.L. KIER ................•..................•............. 110

Insular Arterial Pattern in Apes B. VLAHOVITCH, J.M. FUENTES, and A.C. VERGER .............. 111

Meningeal Vascularization of Preneanderthalian Man M.A. DE LUMLEY ............................................ 115

Part II Equipment Techniques

New Concepts in Cerebral Angiography J. FAURE and G. GUIDICELLI ................................ 124

Selective Angiography with an Isocentric System J. BORIES and J .J. MERLAND ................................ 129

Polydiagnost-N: An Isocentric Parallelogram for Obtaining Orthogonal Magnified Cerebral Angiograms Routinely A.E. ROSENBAUM, J.K. GRADY, D.B. RICE, and J.W. LANGSTON .. 133

Stereoradiogrammetry and Angiography P. RABISCHONG, J. VIGNAUD, P. PARDO, R. THUREL, and J . P . YVER .................. : ......................•....... 1 4 1

Progress in Arteriography: Cerebral Magnification Angio­graphy S. WENDE and N. NAKAYAMA .................................. 148

Angiotomography and Cerebral Parenchymography J. F. BONNEVILLE and J. METZGER ............................ 1 55

Research of New Techniques and Protocols to Study the Orbital and Basal Veins J . THE RON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 1 6 2

Superselective Arteriography of the Branches of the Exter­nal Carotid Artery: Recent Findings Concerning the Exo- and Endocranial Base of the Skull J.J. MERLAND, R. DJINDJIAN, and J. BORIES ................. 170

Part III Embolization

Superselective External Carotid Angiography and Embolization R. DJINDJIAN ...•....................•..................... 1 7 8

Transfemoral Catheter Embolization of Intracranial Meningiomas C. MANELFE .........................•...................... 184

Superselective Internal Carotid Angiography and Embolization R. DJINDJIAN .............................................. 1 9 2

Treatment of Arterio-Venous Fistulas and Aneurysms with an Inflatable Released Balloon - Experimental Work - Applica­tion in Man G. DEBRUN, P. LACOUR, J.P. CARON, Y. KERAVEL, J. COMOY, and D. LOISANCE ...................•....................... 1 98

A Flow Directed Balloon Catheter for Superselective Angio­graphy (Summary) P. PEVSNER ................................................ 205

Part IV Brain Circulation

Recent Advances in Cerebral Angiographic Examination of Stroke H. I. GOLDBERG ............................................. 208

The Mechanism of Cerebral Venous Pressure Regulation H. HACKER and' G. KUHNER •...............•...•.............. 21 6

Correlations Between Cerebral Blood Circulation and the Composition of Cerebrospinal Fluid L . MOLNAR ................................................. 21 9

Part V Stereotaxy

Three-Dimensional Study of Vascular Landmarks in the Terri­tory of the Anterior Cerebral Artery Ph. FARNARIER and G. SZIKLA ............................... 230

The Third Dimension in Cerebral Angiography: A Stereotactic Study on Cortical Localization and Hemispheric Asymmetry in Living Man G. SZIKLA, T. HORI, and G. BOUVIER ........................ 236

Stereotaxic Angiography in Cerebral Tumors J.M. SCARABIN, J. PECKER, J. SIMON, and J.C. TOUZALAIN .... 251

The Role of the Stereotaxic Radiographic Exploration in Neurosurgical Interventions J. TALAIRACH, J.C. PERGUT, Ph. FARNARIER, and M. MANRIQUE .262

Part VI Pediatric Pathology of the Brain

Neuroradiologic Aspects of Angiodysplasias in Infants L. PICARD and J.M. ANDRE ..•......................•.....•.. 276

The Angiography of Intracranial Infections in Children D.C. HARWOOD-NASH ......................................... 282

Topographic Evaluation of the Internal Cerebral Vein in Children with Regard to Adults E . BABIN ...........................................•...... 2 91

IX

X

Etiologic Considerations Concerning the Angiographic Syndrome of Multiple Cerebral Artery Stenoses with Moya­Moya Networks: Angioanatomic Observations in Three Cases J. PELLAT, G. CROUZET, J. PERRET, and B. PASQUIER ......... 294

Cerebral Angiography of Hydrocephalic Infants: Technique, Indications and Results Ph. CASTAN, E. CASTAN-TARBOURIECH, and J.C. BOUZIGE .....• , 300

Part VII Congenital Anomalies - Pathology of the Veins -Injuries of the Brain

Clarification Regarding the Nomenclature of the "So-Called" Segmental and Presegmental Arteries (With Special Reference to the Proatlantal Intersegmental A~tery and its Variants) T. A. LIE ...•...........•........•......•.................. 31 0

Persistant Hypoglossal Artery: Diagnostic Criteria (Summary) J. BRISMAR ...•.......•.............•.....•••.............. 31 5

Angiography in Venous Pathology of the Brain (Summary) H. HACKER .•..••..............•..•..........••..•....••.... 31 6

Angiographic Study of Frontal, Temporal and Fronto-Temporal Attritions in 166 Recent Closed Head Injuries J.M. CAILLE, F. COHADON, and J. PITON ••........•...•...... 317

Part VIII Cavernous Region Orbital Tumours

Progress in the Arteriographic Study of Cavernous Sinus Disease P. LASJAUNIAS, D. DOYON, J. VIGNAUD, and J. MORET ..•...... 324

Recent Progress in Orbital Arteriography J. MORET, J. VIGNAUD, P. LASJAUNIAS, and D. DOYON ...•..... 331

Part IX Angiography and Computerized Axial Tomography

Computer Assisted Tomography and Angiography in the Diag­nosis of Cerebral Tumours: The Changing Role of Angiography J.W.D. BULL, G.D. HUNGERFORD, and J. GAWLER ...•••..•.•.... 342

Temporal Course of Contrast Medium Enhancement in Differ­ential Diagnosis of Intracranial Lesions with Computer Tomography U • BERGVALL • • • • • • . • • • . . . . . . • . . . • . • • • . • . • . . • • . . . • . . •..•.... 3 4 6

Computed Cranial Tomography in Children with Intracranial Neoplasms D.C. HARWOOD-NASH •.•...••..•...............••...•.....•... 3 4 9

Computer Assisted Tomography in Intracerebral Hematomas and Head Trauma I.I. KRICHEFF, J.P. LIN, and N.E. CHASE ................... 353

Preliminary Study of the Application of Computerized Axial Tomography in the Etiologic Diagnosis of Epilepsy J.L. GASTAUT, Ch. RAYBAUD, and H. REGIS •.•••••.....•....•• 358

Computerized Axial Tomography, Carotid Angiography and Orbital Pblebography in the Diagnosis of Space-Occupying Lesions of the Orbit I • F . MOSELEY and J. W. D. BULL ..•.••....•....•.•••.•..•..•.. 3 61

Subject Index ••.•••••••.•••••••.••••••••••••••••.•••..•.•• 370

XI

List of Contributors

ANDRE, J.M., Service de Neuro-Radiologie du Pr. Picard, Hopital Saint Julien, 1, Rue Foller, 54031 Nancy/France

BABIN, E., Hospices Civils, Service de Neuroradiologie, 1, Place de l'Hopital, Strasbourg/France

BANK, W., Service de Radiologie Vasculaire du Pr. Salamon, CHU de la Timone, 13005 Marseille/France

BERGVALL, U., Department of Radiology, Karolinska Sjukhuset, 10401 Stockholm/Sweden

BONNEVILLE, J.F., 9 Avenue Gaulard, 25 Besan~on/France

BORIES, J., Hopital Pitie Salpetriere, Service de Neuroradio­logie, 47 Bd de l'Hopital, 75634 Paris Cedex 13/France

BOUZIGE, J.C., Service de Radiologie, Centre Medico-Chirurgi­cal de Gui de Chaullac, Cliniques Saint Eloi, Montpellier/France

BULL, J.W.D., Lysholm Radiological Department, The National Hospital, Queen Square, London WCIN 3 BG/England

CAILLE, J.M., Centre Jean Abadie, 89 Rue des Sablieres, 33 Bordeaux/France

CASTAN, Ph., Service de Radiologie, Centre Medico-Chirurgical de Gui de Chaullac, Cliniques Saint Eloi, Montpellier/France

CASTAN-TARBOURIECH, E., Service de Radiologie, Centre Medico­Chirurgical de Gui de Chaullac, Cliniques Saint Eloi, Montpellier/France

COHADON, F., Centre Jean Abadie, 89 Rue des Sablieres, 33 Bordeaux/France

CROUZET, G., CHU, BP 217 x, 38043 Grenoble/France

DEBRUN, G., Departement de Neuroradiologie, Hopital Henri Mondor, 94010 Creteil/France

DJINDJIAN, R., Hopital Lariboisiere, Service de Neurochirurgie, 16 Rue de l'Universite, 75007 Paris/France

DOYON, D., Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire Bicetre, Departement de Radiologie, 78 Rue du General Leclerc, 84270 Le Kremlin Bicetre/France

DUVERNOY, H.M., Laboratoire d'Anatomie, Faculte de Medecine, 25 Besan~on/France

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XIV

FARNARIER, Ph., Service de Radiologie Vasculaire du Pr. Salamon, CHU de la Tirnone, 13005 Marseille/France

FAURE, J., Rue de la Mitre, 83 Toulon/France

GASTAUT, J.L., Service de Neurologie, Hopital Michel Levy, 13005 Marseille/France

GEORGE, A.E., New York University Medical Center, School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016/USA

GIUDICELLI, G., Clinique Residence du Pare, 13009 Marseille/ France

GOLDBERG, H.I., Stroke Research Center, Philadelphia Gen. Hos­pital, 34th Street and Civic Center Blod, Philadelphia, PA 19104/USA

GOUAZE, A., Universite de Tours, Faculte de Medecine, 2 Bis Bd Tonnelle, 37 Tours/France

HACKER, H., Schleusenweg 7-10 (Neurochirurgie), 6000 Frankfurt­Niederrad/W.-Gerrnany

HARWOOD-NASH, D.C., The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 Univer­sity Avenue, Toronto, Ontario/Canada

HORI, TOMOKATSU, Tokyo University, 1-4-8 Otaku, Tokyo/Japan

HUANG, Y.P., Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 5th Ave and 100th Street, New York, N.Y. 10029/USA

HUNGERFORD, G.D., National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, Queen Square, London/England

KAPLAN, H.A., Harrison S. Martland Hospital, College of Med. and Dentistry of New Jersey and Newark, Division of Neuro­surgery, 65 Bergen Street, Newark, New Jersey 07103/USA

KIER, L.E., Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510/USA

KRICHEFF, I.I., New York University Medical Center, University Hospital, 560 First Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016/USA

KUHNER, G., Schleusenweg 7-10 (Neurochirurgie), 6000 Frankfurt­Niederrad/W.-Gerrnany

LAFFONT, J., Service de Neuroradiologie, Faculte de Medecine, Boulevard Tonnelle, 37 Tours/France

LASJAUNIAS, P., Fondation pphtalrnologique A. Rothschild, Service de Radiologie, 29 Rue Manin, 75019 Paris/France

LAZORTHES, G., CHU, Hopital Purpan, Clinique de Neurochirurgie, 31 Toulouse/France

LIE, T.A., Afdeling Neuro-Chirurgie, Aadernisch Ziekenhuis, Van Ryckcvorsellan an 10, Moergestel, Tilburg/Netherland

LUMLEY (de), M.A., 99, Bd Longchamp, 13 Marseille/France

MANELFE, Cl., Hopital Purpan, Departement de Neuroradiologie, 31 Toulouse/France

MEGRET, M., Hopital Universitaire de Geneve, Service de Neuro­radiologie, Geneve/Switzerland

MERLAND, J.J., Service de Neuroradiologie du Pr. Bories, Hopital de la Salpetriere, 75013 Paris/France

METZGER, J., Service de Neuroradiologie, Hopital Pitie Sal­petriere, 47, Bd de l'Hopital, 75634 Paris Cedex 13/France

MICHOTEY, P., CHU de la Timone, Service du Pr. Salamon, 13005 Marseille/France

MOLNAR, L., Clinique des Maladies Nerveuses et Mentales de l'Universite, Debrecen/Hungary

MORET, J., Fondation Ophtalmologique A. Rothschild, Service de Radiologie, 29 Rue Manin, 75019 Paris/France

MOSCOW, N., Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94122/USA

MOSELEY, I.F., Lysholm Radiological Department, The National Hospital, Queen Square, London WCIN 3 BG/England

NAIDICH, T.P., New York University Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, New York, N.Y. 10016/USA

NAKAYAMA, N., Klinikurn der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universitat, Neurochirurgische Klinik, Abteilung flir Neuroradiologie, LangenbeckstraBe, 65 Mainz/W.-Germany

PECKER, J., Neurochirurgie, Hopital Pontchaillou, Rue Henri le Guilloux, 35011 Rennes/France

PELLAT, J., CHU, Clinique Neurologique, 38700 La Tronche/France

PEVSNER, P.H., Baltimore City Hospitals, Department of Radio­logy, 4940 Eastern Ave, Baltimore, Maryland 21224/USA

PICARD, L., Service de Neuroradiologie, Hopital StJulien, 1, Rue Foller, 54037 Nancy/France

RABISCHONG, P., INSERM, Unite de Recherches Bio-mecaniques, Unite 103, Avenue des Moulins, 34000 Montpellier/France

RAYBAUD, Ch., Service de Radiologie Vasculaire du Pr. Salamon, CHU de la Timone, 13005 Marseille/France

RING, B.A., The University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Medical Center Hospital of Vermont, Mary Fletcher Unit, Burlington, Vermont 05401/USA

ROSENBAUM, A.E., Harvard Medical School, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Department of Radiology, 721 Huntington Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115/USA

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SALAMON, G., Service de Neuroradiologie et Radiologie Vasculaire, CHU de la Timone, 13005 Marseille/France

SANTINI, J.J., Faculte de Medecine, 2 Bis Bd Tonnelle, Tours/France

SCARABIN, J.M., Centre Hospitalier de Pontchaillou, Clinique Neurochirurgicale, Rue Henri le Guilloux, 35011 Rennes/France

SCIALFA, G., Service de Radiologie Vasculaire du Pr. Salamon, CHU de la Timone, 13005 Marseille/France

SIMON, J., Service Central de Radiologie, Centre Hospitalier de Pontchaillou, 35011 Rennes/France

SZIKLA, G., Service de Stereotaxie de l'Hopital Ste Anne, 1 Rue Cabanis, 75 Paris XIVeme/France

TALAIRACH, J., Service de Neurochirurgie Stereotaxique, Centre Psychiatrique Ste Anne - 1 Rue Cabanis, Paris XIVeme/France

THERON, J., Hopital Lariboisiere, Service de Neuroradioloqie du Pr. Djindjian, 75005 Paris/France Present address: Department of Radiology, CHU, 14000 Caen/France

VIGNAUD, J., Fondation Ophtalmologique A. Rothschild, Service de Radiologie, 29 Rue Manin, 75 Paris XIXeme/France

VLAHOVITCH, B., CHU, 357 Ave Paul Parguel, Montpellier/France

WACKENHEIM, A., Hospices Civils de Strasbourg, Service de Neuro­radiologie, BP 426/R5, 65005 Strasbourg/France

WENDE, s., Klinikum der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universitat, Neuro­chirurgische Klinik, Abteilung fUr Neuroradiologie, Langenbeck­straBe 1, 65 Mainz/W.-Germany