Date post: | 16-Dec-2014 |
Category: |
Business |
Upload: | wallace-roberts-todd |
View: | 542 times |
Download: | 1 times |
Advanc ing Susta inabi l i ty in
Discret ionary Rev iew
Nancy Bragado, City of San Diego, General Plan
Sara Lyons, City of San Diego, San Ysidro Community Plan
Sachin Kalbag, Centre City Green
Kathleen Garcia, Former San Diego Planning Commissioner
November 3, 2010
Planning for Sustainability
APA California November 3, 2010
Nancy BragadoSara Lyons
• City of San Diego General Plan– Comprehensive plan for
growth and development unanimously adopted by the City Council in March 2008
– Smart growth approach tailored for San Diego
– Relies on infill development to meet City’s needs
– Sustainability policies integrated throughout plan
General Plan Overview– Guided by 10 Principles and City of Villages
Strategy
– Represents a shift in focus from how we develop vacant land to how we invest in our existing communities
– Emphasis on combining housing, employment, schools, civic uses at different scales, in village centers
– Strategy works to preserve established residential neighborhoods and open spaces
– Achieve high quality of life, address mobility and facilities needs, and manage the City’s continued growth
New Requirement: AB 32 -Address Climate Change
ON-ROAD TRANSPORTATI
ON 46%
ELECTRICITY 25%
NATURAL GAS END USES
9%
CIVIL AVIATION5%
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
AND PRODUCTS5%
OTHER FUELS/OTHER
4%
OFF-ROAD EQUIPMENT
AND VEHICLES4% WASTE
2%
AGRICULTURE/FORESTRY/LAND
USE2% RAIL
1%WATER-BORNE NAVIGATION
0.4%
San Diego Regional GHG Inventory Project Results
Source: www.sandiego.edu/epic
GHG Emissions for San Diego County (2006)
GHG Inventory Project Results
www.sandiego.edu/epic
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
2006 Levels 2020 BAU Projections AB 32 Target Executive Order S-3-05 Target (2050)
MM
T C
O2E
Hypothetical GHG Emissions Reduction Targets San Diego County
San Diego 2050 Impacts
• Climate will be hotter and drier• Sea level 12-18 inches higher• Severe water shortage• More intense and frequent wildfires• Public health at risk• Loss of native plant and animal species• Energy needs
Source: San Diego Foundation Focus 2050 Study
Climate Change Addressed Throughout the General Plan
General Plan: Land Use as a Sustainability Strategy
• Population is growing– How to plan for growth
responsibly and to achieve sustainability goals?
• City of Villages strategy – Links land use and transit
planning– Distinctive, mixed use villages– Pedestrian oriented– Interconnected streets– Local destinations (stores,
services, parks, schools)– Connected to transit– Distinctive public places
Village Propensity MapVillage Propensity Map
Mobility StrategiesCars and trucks produce 46% of GHG emissions in San Diego County
• Transit/Land Use Coordination• Multi-modal solutions
– Walkable communities– Bicycle facilities– Streets and freeways– Transit and transit-orientation – Parking management– Transportation management
• Toolboxes allow for tailored solutions
• Regional Collaboration
Walkability
– General Plan addresses:• Safety and accessibility
– Safe Routes to Schools
• Street Connectivity• Walkability• Lively, attractive streets
– Toolbox of Solutions• Pedestrian Improvement
Toolbox• Traffic Calming Toolbox• Parking Toolbox
Parking Toolbox:Supply and Demand Strategies
Supply– Re-stripe streets for
diagonal parking– Community parking
facilities– Adjust regulations– Car lifts and
mechanized garages– Code enforcement
Demand– Parking meter districts– Residential permit parking
districts– Transit upgrades– Car sharing– Parking pricing– Safe pedestrian and bicycle
routes– Employee parking
programs
Urban Design Historic Preservation
• Create diverse, walkable, mixed-use villages• Design vibrant public spaces and prominent civic
architecture• Public health co-benefits• Conserve resources and reduce construction debris
– Open space to define and link communities
– Complement the environment and respect natural features
Sustainability Through Open Space Protections• Watershed, river parks,
creek restoration, urban canyon lands– Ground water infiltration– Carbon sequestration– Biodiversity– Urban heat island
• San Diego Multiple Species Conservation Program– Comprehensive habitat
conservation planning– 49,230 acres (93% of
City’s goal) are conserved or are obligated to be conserved.
Conservation Electricity use accounts for 25% of San Diego County GHG emissions
• Specifically addresses climate change– Reduce carbon footprint– Green buildings/sustainable development
• Conserve and manage resources – Water conservation– Energy efficiency and renewables– Waste management– Wastewater collection and treatment– Urban forestry
• Open space preservation– Ecosystem role
General Plan Water Policies
• Water Supply and Infrastructure– Increase alternative water
sources– Provide and maintain
infrastructure– Expand recycled water
distribution system– Recognize water/energy nexus
• Sustainable Development– Green buildings – Landscape design and
maintenance
Public Facilities and Conservation Elements
General Plan Water PoliciesPublic Facilities and Conservation Elements
• Water Conservation and management– Water conservation measures– Watershed protection– Groundwater and surface water
resources management– Manage floodplains
• Coordinated Planning– State and regional water
resource planning– Water and land use planning– Development project review– Plan for emergencies and climate
change impacts• Public Education
Water/Energy/Carbon Nexus
Economic Prosperity Element:Align Environmental Protection and Economic Competitiveness
• Innovation Challenge• Business Incubator• Biomimicry
Partnership • Green Workforce
Training• Clean Enterprise
Program
The General Plan Action Plan
– Identifies actions (implementation measures) derived from General Plan goals and policies
– Organized by GP Element and timeframe
– Sets key implementation priorities
– Helps to inform the budget process
– Will be used for annual monitoring of the General Plan
– Adopted July 2009
Climate MAP
• Climate Mitigation & Adaptation Plan• Includes updated GHG inventory for City
operations and community-at -large• Will incorporate prior city actions and new
strategies • Prepared as a part of the City’s Sustainable
Community Program• Environmental document to be prepared
26
Regional CollaborationSANDAG
• 2004 – Regional Comprehensive Plan (RCP)
• 2006 – Smart Growth Concept Map• 2007 – Smart Growth Tool Box• 2010 – Climate Action Strategy• 2010 – Urban Area Transit Strategy• 2011 – Regional Transportation Plan
– Sustainable Communities Strategy– Environmental review will address
greenhouse gas emissions
Sustainability Tool:Land Development Code
• Commercial/Mixed-Use zones• Pedestrian-Oriented Design
standards• Parking reductions for mixed-
use, transit proximity• Tandem parking in some areas• Bicycle parking & amenities• Small lot and townhouse zones• Landscape Standards
– Street trees required– Turf limited– Water conservation mandates
• Local Food - Community Gardens issues
Discretionary Project ReviewAffordable Housing and Sustainable Development Incentive Program
• Climate Protection• Land Use, Housing,
Open Space• Mobility• Clean Tech and the
Economy• Energy• Water• Waste Management• Storm Water
Implementation:Community Plans
• Implement GP and SB 375– Reduce GHG through land use
and transportation planning– Reduce GHG through
sustainable buildings and practices
• Urban forestry• GHG analysis in CEQA
documents• Vulnerability analysis • Adaptation• Public education role – Local
Government Partnership
San YsidroCommunity Planning Area
City of San Diego Communities
San Ysidro Community
San Ysidro COMMUNITY PLAN UPDATE
Planning Considerations
• Proximity to Land Port of Entry• Excellent trolley access• Intermodal Transit Center• Improve connectivity throughout community• Pilot Village location
• Environmental Justice
Key Objectives• An attractive international border destination• Leverage bicultural and historic traditions and diversity• Mix of land uses that serves residents and generates prosperity • Increase mobility through a border intermodal center and create a strong
pedestrian focus• Identify urban parks, plazas, and promenade• Identify trail options and joint use opportunities; promote a healthy , active
community• Incorporate sustainability, address environmental justice, and contribute to a
strong economy• Provide a lively, pedestrian-friendly, healthy environment• Facilitate the development of the Mi Pueblo Village • Craft a clear and practical implementation strategy
San Ysidro Open Space and Parks“…a full and varied range of recreational opportunities
accessible to all San Ysidro residents…” (San YsidroCommunity Plan page 93.)
Open Space• Dairy Mart Ponds• Floodplains • Tijuana River Valley• Steep hillsidesParks• Mini Parks and Plazas• Joint Use opportunities• Open areas at gateways• Beyer Park
Village Propensity
Community Plan Level:San Ysidro
Village designations to occur in community plan
Mi Pueblo Pilot Village
HousingPathways to KnowledgePlazasRestaurant, Mercado, kiosks, and offices
Intermodal Transportation Center Concept
San YsidroLocal topics related to Mobility
The Border and Port of EntryCongestion within the communityBarriers: Rail, FreewaysSidewalk improvementsConnectivity
We are not starting from scratch:San Ysidro Port of Entry Reconfiguration Mobility Study - January 2010San Ysidro Mobility Strategy - January 2009 City’s Bicycle Master PlanCity’s Pedestrian Master Plan
Mobility - Pedestrians
Mobility - Transit
• New inspection protocols in Mexico and the U.S. are causing southbound delays at the border.
• Southbound inspections are a new reality of border for both U.S. and Mexico alike.
• Drivers trying to minimize their time in queue, creating traffic congestion on on-ramps, off-ramps, and city streets around the port of entry
• Quality of life and Environmental Justice issues
San YsidroLand Port of Entry
Border Crossing Concept
Images created by The Miller Hull Partnership
San Ysidro Land Port of Entry Master Plan
General Plan: http://www.sandiego.gov/planning/genplan/index.shtml
General Plan Action Plan: http://www.sandiego.gov/planning/genplan/index.shtml
San Ysidro Community Plan Update Websitehttp://www.sandiego.gov/planning/community/cpu/sanysidro/
1. Long-range goals and policies;
2. Private Development Incentive Program
3. Green Street’s Program Concept; and, a
4. Revised Transportation Demand Management Plan
Key Findings:
The mixed-use density of downtown contributes positively to all of the Sustainability Indicators
As compared to suburban development, downtown uses less energy and water, has a more efficient use of materials and promotes a more dynamic/livable streetscape design
Downtown allows residents and workers to significantly reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and dependence on single occupancy vehicles, resulting in substantial carbon savings for the region
There are significant opportunities to incentivize improvements in water and energy savings
Sustainability can have a substantial impact in the spaces in-between buildings
1. Long-range goals and policies
2006: AB-32 signed into law
Chapter 5.8 Goals and Policies: Sustainable Development
Far Bonus Program: Eco‐Roof
Urban plazas, street activation and Neighborhood Centers
Downtown Community Plan – Adopted April 2006
Suburban vs. Urban
2006 2008
2010 January 2011
Council Policy 600-24Green Building Program
Development Services Department
2009-2010
Aligning the Laws, Codes, & Policies
Indicator :Something observed or
calculated that is used to show the presence or state of a condition or trend
Centre City Green Indicators
Energy Water Urban Mobility Economic Vitality
Streetscape Vitality Healthy Spaces Materials Green IQ
INDICATOR 2030 GOALS
Energy /GHG20% reduction in GHG emissions by 2020 (AB32)
33% green power by 2020 (EOS-14-08)
Net zero buildings by 2030 (AB212)
Water 70% reduction in potable water use
Urban MobilityMake Centre City a public transit destination that affords travelers the luxury of not needing a vehicle to arrive to or move within downtown
Promote transportation planning that creates downtown as a destination
Materials75% construction waste recycled
50% operational waste recycled
Economic Vitality Reach 2006 Community Plan Targets for build out
Streetscape Make Centre City a Top-of-Class streetscape environment that promotes walking over all other modes of transit
Healthy Spaces Develop buildings that capitalize on San Diego’s temperate climate to create top-of-class healthy indoor and outdoor spaces
Green IQDevelop a green knowledge base that leads the country in successful demonstration of economically viable green technologies and sound green building practices
Establish Goals & Track Over Time
Now 18 mo 5 yrs 10 yrs
Green IQ
Water
Energy
Materials
Tota
l Sav
ings
Time
Chapter 3: Structure and Land Use
Develop a Private Development Incentive Program to promote innovative green building measures
Chapter 4: Parks, Open Space, and Recreation
Develop East Village Green as a showcase of sustainability by incorporating the indicators goals into the programming, design and construction process
Chapter 5: Urban Design
Fully develop the Green Street Development Program identified in the Downtown Community Plan
Chapter 6: Neighborhoods & Districts
Develop Neighborhood Pilot Projects for energy and water that address sustainability at the block scale
Chapter 7: Transportation
Assist in the creation of a Downtown Connector Shuttle that allows people to move within downtown once they arrive from outlying areas
Chapter 8: Public Facilities & Amenities
Make the redevelopment of Civic Center the center piece of green development
Chapter 9: Historic Preservation
Create an existing Building Energy Audit and Retrofit program to incentivize energy and water efficient upgrades
Chapter 11: Economic Development
Use sustainability as a means to increase Employment and Economic Development Strategies available to downtown building owners
2. Private Development Incentive Program
Performance Prescriptive
CalGreen Tier IILEED Silver and Gold
Green Building Measures
Level of Incentives
Signature Green
Green
High Performance Green
Approach
Applicant
Centre City Green Performance Levels and IncentivesLevel Path Department New Construction Incentives
1Green
CalGreen Tier 1Or
Building Measures = 25-44 CCG Points
City of San Diego DSD 1. DSD Incentives2. Access to Interagency Incentive Team
CCDC 1. Public Recognition from CCDC
2High
Performance Green
CalGreen Tier 2/LEED Silver
OrBuilding Measures = 45-59 CCG Points
City of San Diego DSD 1. All items listed for Level 12. Additional DSD Incentives
CCDC 1. Parking deviation: TBD2. FAR Bonus of 1.0
3Signature
Green
LEED Gold+Or
Building Measures = 60+ CCG Points
City of San Diego DSD 1. All items listed for Level 12. Additional DSD Incentives
CCDC 1. Parking deviation: TBD2. FAR Bonus of 2.0
3. Green Streets Program Concept
DCP Green Street Purpose:
4.1-P-9 Improve Green Streets as an essential element of the open space system – as connections to the waterfront, Balboa Park, activity centers, and parks and plazas; as tree-lined open spaces; and as continuous recreational paths.
5.2-G-2 Promote walkability by providing amenities in proximity to every downtown worker and resident and linking Neighborhood Centers with Green Street
• Enhanced landscaping—including double rows of trees—and expanded sidewalk widths components.
Landscape Features
Sidewalk Features
Building Features
Infrastructure Features
Base Plan:• 2 vehicular lanes• Widened sidewalks• Striped bicycle lane
Existing Conditions
Plan B
Plan B
Plan C
Plan C
Green Street ElementsMinimum points for entitlement benefit = 20 At designated Green Streets only
Ene
rgy
Wat
er
Mat
eria
ls
Stre
etsc
ape
Eco
nom
ic
Hea
lthy
Spa
ce
Mob
ility
Gre
en IQ
MeasurePoints
Bui
ldin
g Open space greater than 250 SF or 5% of lot, whichever is larger 15 x
Incorporate transit shelters into development 20 x x
Infr
a-st
ruct
ure An additional 10 feet of sidewalk area provided on private property 20 x
Efficient Exterior Lighting (LED or Induction) 10 x100% of materials locally manufactured or include at least 10% recycled content
5 x
Land
scap
ing Street trees that will shade 50% of sidewalk area within 5 years 15 x
Landscaped stormwater management systems at the curb edge containing local plantings
15 x x x
Native landscaping at additional ROW landscaped area 5 x x
Furn
ishi
ngs
Sidewalk enterprises, such as exterior sales kiosks, cafes, and retail sales 10 x x
Benches and or movable seating maintained by the building owner 10 x x
Street recycling that will be managed by the building owner 5 x
On-street bicycle corrals 10 x
Public art that is located at the focal point of the development 5 x x
Sustainability educational display that is accessible to the public 1 x
4. Revised Transportation Demand Management Plan
Transportation Demand Management RevisionsMinimum points for entitlement = 25
Points Measure20 5-year, 50% subsidy for transit passes for employee occupants15 Public accessible shuttle to all downtown and airport locations15 Vehicle parking to meet, but not exceed, minimum PDO requirements 15 "Shared use vehicles" by property tenants
- minimum 1 vehicle per 33 occupants- vehicles provided have CARB classification of ULEV, SULEV, PZEV, or ZEV- preferential parking
15 Electric, natural gas, fuel cells, fueling stations - minimum office (1 per 30,000 s.f.), hotel (1 per 100 rooms)- minimum 50% of stations are electric vehicle charging stations
10 * On-site daycare5 Bicycle storage - minimum 1 space per 20 occupants5 * Upgraded transit stop adjacent to new development, including shelter, seating,
lighting and ongoing maintenance5 Preferential parking for vehicles with CARB classifications ULEV, SULEV, PZEV, and
ZEV - minimum 5% of permitted parking5 Preferential carpool and/or vanpool parking - minimum 5% of permitted parking
5 On-site shower facilities available to all tenants/employees of a building - minimum office (1 per 100,000 s.f.), hotel (1 per 100 rooms)
5 Participation by building management and tenants in carpool coordination, ridesharing and car-sharing programs
5 Discounted parking rates for vehicles with CARB classifications ULEV, SULEV, PZEV, and ZEV - minimum 20% discount
5 Discounted parking rates for carpools containing 3 or more adults - minimum 20% discount
5 Preferential parking for car-sharing vehicles (at least one space)5 * On-site transit pass sale, maps and information1 * Proximity to public transit stop/station (1,320 feet or fewer)
* = No change from existing TDM
Green Buildings
Green Buildings
Green Living
Green Living
Green Living
Advanc ing Susta inabi l i ty in
Discret ionary Rev iew
Nancy Bragado, City of San Diego, General Plan
Sara Lyons, City of San Diego, San Ysidro Community Plan
Sachin Kalbag, Centre City Green
Kathleen Garcia, Former San Diego Planning Commissioner
November 3, 2010
Greening Our Project Dec is ions
Sustainability in Discretionary Project Review
Kathleen A. Garcia, FASLA LEED AP
Sustainable Project Attributes1. Adapting to conditions and influencing best
practice2. Self sufficiency in regard to resources3. Solving larger urban problems outside of
project boundaries
Discretionary Review Checklist
Climate change impactHydrological systems managementHabitat protectionMobilityWaste managementEnvironmental justice
Project ChecklistHas the project calculated its carbon footprint?Has energy consumption been calculated and reduced below the norm?Is the project in a threat zone for flood, hurricane, earthquake or other natural disaster?Does the site reutilize already-developed land?Has the project optimized non-motorized mobility?Does the project limit VMT (vehicle miles travelled) and not increase commuting distances?Is this a transit-oriented development?Does the project increase roadway congestion?Are there pedestrian/bike corridors?
Are water resources and drainages protected and improved?Is any nonpoint source pollution modeled and mitigated?Are agricultural lands preserved or does it support local food sources?Are natural habitats preserved and enhanced?Is the project limiting its construction and operational waste?Does the project build to green building standards?Will the project promote a green economy?Will the project provide affordable housing?Are the impacts and benefits equitable to all segments of the population?
LEED ND – Neighborhood Development
Civitas, Sudberry Properties
1. Smart Location & Linkages2. Neighborhood Pattern & Design3. Green Construction and
Technology4. Innovation and Design Process
US Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design Rating System
Effects of Climate Change
Are we assessing…
• Sea Level rise, land use vulnerability• Migration of disease, increased ailments• Habitat loss and shift of temperature &
rainfall zones affecting growing areas• Increased pests and pathogens• Wildfire and hurricanes increase
Project Checklist – Climate Change
Has the project calculated its anticipated carbon footprint?Has the project looked to offset its carbon impacts
http://coolclimate.berkeley.edu/home
• Former Quarry site• Forested 295 acres = 563 metric tons/year carbon
uptake• Equivalent to University’s electrical carbon
offset/year
DePauw Nature Park, DePauw IN
DePauw University
Project Checklist – Climate Change
Has energy consumption been calculated and reduced below the norm?
US Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design Rating System
• Development regulations
• Building Codes for structures
• Brush management codes
Project Checklist – Climate Change
Is the project in a high risk zone for natural disasters?
Effects of Hydrologic Change
• Flooding vulnerability• Glacial and snowpack retreat • Drinking water loss• Shift of rainfall zones affecting growing
areas• Drought increases
Are we assessing…
Project Checklist - Hydrology
Are current practices of erosion control best practices?Are setbacks according to regulations and are regulations enough?
Torrey Pines City Park General Development Plan
Project Checklist - Hydrology
Are water resources and drainages protected and improved?Is any nonpoint source pollution modeled and mitigated?
ASLA Green Roof, Washington DCBioswale, Caltrans Headquarters San Diego
Effects of Biomass Change
Are we assessing….
• Loss of valuable habitat• Loss of critical species• Increased impervious surfaces• Lack of natural cover• Windstorms, sandstorms, dustbowl
effect
Project Checklist - Biomass
Are natural habitats preserved and enhanced?Is the horticulture appropriate?
Otay River Valley, Chula VistaPalisades Park, Santa Monica
Mobility Patterns
Are we assessing….
• Vehicle miles travelled• Parking ratios• Alternatives to the automobile• Land use balance – live/work/play
Project Checklist – Mobility
Does the project increase roadway congestion?Does the project limit VMT (vehicle miles travelled) and not increase commuting distances?
Civitas, Sudberry Properties
Project Checklist – Mobility
Is this a transit-oriented development?Has the project optimized non-motorized mobility?Are there pedestrian/bike corridors?
Coastal Rail Trail
Waste Management
Are we assessing….
• Recycled or reclaimed land/brownfield• Impact of construction• Waste stream tracking
Project Checklist – Waste Reduction
Does the site reutilize already-developed land?Is the project limiting its construction and operational waste?Is the project using Green Building standards?
Environmental Justice
Are we assessing….
• Access to healthy food choices• Safe routes to school• Provision of affordable housing• Impacts of land use on neighborhoods
of color?
Eastern Urban Center Parks – Community Garden
Are agricultural lands preserved Does it support local food sources?
Project Checklist – Public Health
Overtown Mall, Miami
Project Checklist – Environmental Justice
Will the project promote a green economy?Will the project provide affordable housing?Are the impacts and benefits equitable to all segments of the population?
A Sustainable Project is one that…1. Adapts to conditions and influences best
practices2. Is self sufficient in regard to resources3. Solves larger urban problems outside of
project boundaries
S u s t a i n a b i l i t y i n D i s c r e t i o n a r y R e v i e w
PowerPoint dowload can be found at:
http://www.wrtdesign.com/firm/presentation/
APA-CA 2010