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Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 10:50 am Seminary, N150 Sherine Brown-Fraser, PhD, RD, CPT, Chair & Associate Professor
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Page 1: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge

The Power of Natural Remedies

Workshop

May 7, 2018

10:20 – 10:50 am

Seminary, N150

Sherine Brown-Fraser, PhD, RD, CPT,

Chair & Associate Professor

Page 2: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Health StudiesBetter health for everyone!

Page 3: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Mortality Study

1958-1966

What are Adventist Health Studies?

Long-term studies

Exploring links between diet, lifestyle and disease

Adventist Health Study Timeline

Adventist Health Air Pollution Study

1976-Present

Adventist Health Study-1

1974-1988

Adventist Health Study-2

2002-Present

Adventist Religion & Health Study

2006-Present

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Page 4: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Why Study Adventists?

Adventists are ideal to

study because:

Most don’t smoke

Most don’t drink

Range of dietary habits

Page 5: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventists: Famous for Longevity

Adventists were shown to live longer than the general population

Five behaviors were shown to increase life span by up to 10 years: Not smoking

Eating a plant-based diet

Eating nuts several times per week

Regular exercise

Maintaining a normal body weight

Page 6: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Mortality Study: 1958-1966n=23,000

Compared to other Californians, Adventists experienced lower rates of death for all cancers, including:

Lung cancer – 21%

Colorectal cancer – 62%

Breast cancer – 85%

Coronary heart disease – 66% for men, 98% for women

Page 7: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Health Study-1: 1974-1988n= 34,000

Probable Beneficial Foods

Nuts

Whole grain bread

Tomatoes

Soy milk

Fruits

Legumes

Nuts: 50% MI

WG Bread: 45% Non-Fatal MI

Tomatoes:40% Prostate Ca

Soy Milk: 50% Prostate Ca

Fruits & Legumes: Lung Ca

Page 8: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Health Study-1: 1974-1988

Findings on Red Meat

Red meat was associated with an increased risk of:

Colon cancer – 50%

Heart attack – 70-80%

Diabetes – 75%

Page 9: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Health Study-2

Page 10: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Health Study-2: 2002-Present

Profile of Study Members

96,000 Adventists ages 30+

1,500+ over the age of 90

26.9% are Black/African American

Mean age: 60.2

Centenarians & 90+

Page 11: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Dietary Status

BEEFPOULTRY &

FISHDAIRY & EGGS

VEGAN

LACTO-OVO

PESCO-VEGE

SEMI-VEGE

NON-VEGE

NONE NONE

NONE NONENONE

NONE

Page 12: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Health Study-2

Profile of Study Members (Non-Black)

Page 13: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Adventist Health Study-2

Profile of Black Study Members

Page 14: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Dietary Status: Weight Differences

*Age 60

Page 15: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Dietary Status: Weight Differences in Blacks*

*Age 54

Page 16: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Body Mass Index (BMI)

weight in kilograms

height in meters2BMI =

Normal weight = 18.5-24.9

Overweight = 25-29.5

Obese = 30+

Page 17: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

BMI – Females

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

Vegan Lacto Pesco Non-Veg

No

rmal

Over

Ob

ese

Page 18: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

BMI – Males

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

Vegan Lacto Pesco Non-Veg

No

rmal

Over

Ob

ese

Page 19: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

Vegan Lacto Pesco Non-Veg

BMI – Black FemalesN

orm

al

Over

Ob

ese

Page 20: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

Vegan Lacto Pesco Non-Veg

BMI – Black MalesN

orm

al

Over

Ob

ese

Page 21: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Dietary Status and Disease

The closer participants

were to being vegan or

vegetarian, the lower

the risk of:

Diabetes

High cholesterol

High blood pressure

Metabolic Syndrome

Page 22: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

High Cholesterol – All Participants

*significant relationship

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

Vegan* Lacto* Pesco Non-Veg

Page 23: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Hypertension – Non-Black Participants

*significant relationship

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

Vegan* Lacto* Pesco Non-Veg

Page 24: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Hypertension – Black Participants

*significant relationship

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

Vegan* Lacto* Pesco Non-Veg

Page 25: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Characteristics of Vegetarians/Vegans

Slept more

Watched less TV

Consumed less saturated fat

Ate more fruits and vegetables

Ate foods with a low glycemic index Beans

Legumes

Nuts

Page 26: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Physical and Mental Quality of Life

Adventists report

better quality of life

than the U.S. norm

Trend is particularly

pronounced for

mental health in

older age groups Adventist Religion and Health Study

11,000 Adventists

Adventist Health Study-2Religion and

Health study, conducted on 11,000 Adventists

from Adventist Health Study-2.

Page 27: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

In Summary… The health advantages experienced by the more conforming

Adventists over many years is remarkable.

Vegans and lacto-ovo vegetarians have less obesity, lower blood pressure/high cholesterol, and fewer lifestyle diseases.

The causes are not all understood, but dietary factors are clearly important.

The vegan & vegetarian dietary habit is broadly protective. This is due both to the absence of meat and also the extra fruit, vegetables and nuts.

Page 28: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

For more information, visit

adventisthealthstudy.org

Page 29: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

The

Vegetarian

Page 30: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Vegetarian

diets are

linked to

improved:

Weight

loss

A1c levels

Cholesterol

Blood

sugar

control

Insulin

sensitivity

Page 31: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

“Type 2 diabetes is

1.6 to 2 times lower

in vegetarians than

the general

population, even

after adjusting for

body mass index

(BMI).” J Am Coll Nutr

2015;34(5):448-

58

Page 32: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

“We found a greater

reduction in visceral

fat and greater

improvements in

insulin

resistance…with a

vegetarian diet

compared with a

conventional

hypocaloric diet.”J Am Coll Nutr

2015;34(5):448-

58

Page 33: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

“Vegetarian diets

are sustainable in

the long term and

may elicit

desirable

improvements not

only in physical

health but also in

mental health.” J Am Coll Nutr

2015;34(5):448-

58

Page 34: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

“The vegan gut profile

appears to be unique in

several characteristics,

including reduced

abundance of [harmful

bacteria] and a greater

abundance of protective

species”…

Vegan Advantage: Gut Health

Page 35: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

“Reduced levels of

inflammation may be

the key feature linking

the vegan gut

microbiota with

protective health

effects.”

Nutrients 2014;6(11):4822-38

Page 36: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

A vegan diet may offer advantages over a vegetarian diet in several ways, including treating type 2 diabetes, systemic inflammation linked to heart disease, and a 15% lower total cancer risk.

Vegan Advantage: Cancer

Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016 Feb 6;

Complement Ther Med

2015:23(1):32-7

Page 37: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

Focus on adding

more garden foods

or foods from the

produce

department.

1. Use the Plan

of Addition

Page 38: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

2. Eat More Fruits

and Vegetables

Aim for at least 2-3

cups each of both

fruits and

vegetables a day.

(5 servings of

each)

Page 39: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

3. Choose

Whole Grains

Enjoy brown rice,

whole wheat and

multi-grain bread

and pasta, and

whole grain, high

fiber cereals like

steel cut oats.

Page 40: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

4. Increase Beans

and Legumes

Beans are a great

source of protein,

antioxidants, and

fiber. Add to

soups, salads,

and pasta dishes.

Page 41: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

5. Enjoy Healthy Fats

Enjoy nuts. Just one

handful a day cuts heart

attack

risk. Walnuts are a

great source of

omega 3 fat.

Page 42: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

6. Try Vegetarian

Entrees

Grocery stores

offer many frozen

vegetarian

entrees;

restaurants have

great options.

Page 43: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

7. Eat Smart

A healthy diet

also means

cutting down on

sweets,

processed foods,

soft drinks, fried

food, and

constant eating.

Page 44: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

“Don’t you know

that your body is a

temple of the Holy

Spirit which is in

you, which you

have from God?”

1 Corinthians

6:19

Page 45: Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge · Adventist Health Studies & The Vegetarian Edge The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop May 7, 2018 10:20 –10:50 am Seminary, N150

THANK YOU!The Power of Natural Remedies Workshop

& Evelyn Kissinger


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