Aerosol Physics and Chemistry ValidationNUIG
Networks of continuous Observing Stations:
EMEP - European
IMPROVE - US
GAW - Global
Generally, good coverage with PM mass for inorganic species,
Poor coverage for chemical mass
Poorer coverage for size-resolved chemical mass
Some stations (i.e. Mace Head) have semi-continuous size resolved measurements in recent years (ie 2003 on).
Model first simulation
Desert dust and Sea-salt – 3 size bins.
1 December 2002 to 30 June 2003
Series of 12-hour forecasts starting every 12 hours from the ECMWF operational analyses.
Suggested initial validation period – January to June 2003
EMEP
IMPROVE
December 2000
Bukit KotoTabang
South Pole
Point Barrow
Mauna Loa
Alert
Pallas-Sodankylä
Minamitorishima
Assekrem-Tamanrasset
Arembepe
Ushuaia
Izaña
Amsterdam Island Cape Grim
Cape Point
Samoa
Ny Ålesund
Lauder
MaceHead Zugspitze-Hohenpeissenberg
Mt Waliguan
NeumayerStation
Mt Kenya
PolarCircle
40
0
40
80
40
0
40
80
120160 80 40 0 40 80 120 160
GAW
GAW
GAW
GAW
GAW
Efforts to Date
Collation of databases:
All available EMEP, GAW and IMPROVE data downloaded to NUIG.
Analysis for particular data/parameter coverage (on-going)
Registration on GEMS-MARS system
Development of MARS decoder and extraction software for extracting model aerosol fields for comparison with databases.
Identification of ‘clean-air’ periods over NE Atlantic (Mace Head) for comparison of model sea-salt distributions:
(1) Near daily 24-hour PM10 sea-salt
(2) Weekly samples of size segregated sea-salt fields
Initial Sea-Salt Mass Comparison – N. Atlantic
Sea Spray Chemistry over the North East Atlantic
mas
s fr
actio
n(%
)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
mas
s(µg
/m3 )
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10sea-salt NH4 nss-SO4 NO3 WSOC WIOC BC
not d
etec
tabl
e
SUMMER
D(µm)
0.06 0.125 0.25 0.5 1 2 4 8
mas
s fr
actio
n(%
)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
mas
s(µg
/m3 )
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
(a) LBA period
(b) HBA period
Seasonality in aerosol mass over the North East Atlantic
Dp, µm
0.1 1 10
aero
sol m
ass,
dM
/dlo
gDp, µg
/m3
0.1
1
10
spring to autumnwinterMOUDI inlet D50
Dp, µm
2 3 4 5 61
10
20
30
40
50
Sea Spray Chemistry over the North East Atlantic
month
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
sea
salt
fine
mod
e co
ncen
tratio
n, µ
g/m
3
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
sea
salt
fine
mod
e co
ncen
tratio
n, µ
g/m
3
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
month
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
nss
sulp
hate
fine
mod
e co
ncen
tratio
n, µ
g/m
3
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
nss
sulp
hate
fine
mod
e co
ncen
tratio
n, µ
g/m
3
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
month
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
TC fi
ne m
ode
conc
entra
tion,
µgC
/m3
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
TC fi
ne m
ode
conc
entra
tion,
µgC
/m3
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Aerosol Scattering over the North East Atlantic
Scat
terin
g co
effic
ient
(m-1
)
5.0e-6
1.0e-5
1.5e-5
2.0e-5
2.5e-5
3.0e-5
3.5e-5
Month1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0.0
5.0e-6
1.0e-5
1.5e-5
2.0e-5
2.5e-5
3.0e-5
3.5e-5
Ang
stro
m e
xpon
ent
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Month1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
In-Situ Sea Spray Fluxes over the North East Atlantic
Sea Spray Chemistry over the North East Atlantic
http://www.empa.ch/gaw/gawsis/default.asp
and selecting by parameter [Aerosol] Mass (major inorganic components)
The Contributing stations are
Gaw Global Stations
Amsterdamn IslandCape Grim Mace Head Mauna Loa AlertJungfraujoch
Then there seems to be a few GAW Regional Stations such as
such as UTO, SNIEZKA, K-PUSTA,Anmyeon-do, Saturna Island, Kejimkujik lebaExperimental Lakes area, Esther and Algoma