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04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Aerospace DesignSESA 3002
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Academic team• Simon Newman; Design analysis• Kenji Takeda; Flight simulation• JS; module leader
Research Fellow Consultants;• Wenbin Song. RR Gas turbine optimisation• Alex Forrester. Airbus wing design• Hakki Eres. BAE missile design, RR LCC• Andras Sobester UAV design
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Resources
• SN web site http://www.aero.ses.soton.ac.uk/courses/AA301/restricted/index.htm
• JS web site http://www.soton.ac.uk/~jps7/Aircraft%20Design%20Resources/
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Resource highlights;
• MIT PhD thesis on Civil aircraft cost and performance.pdf
• Fuselage design.doc • Aircraft configuation.pdf • Integrated Systems Engineering
Approach to Aircraft Design V2.doc• Wing and fuse weight estimation.pdf • High-Lift Systems on Commercial
Subsonic Airliners (Rudolph)• Teamworking guide.pdf
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Purpose
• Realistic experience in developing a large aerospace design
• Develop skills/ understanding of teamworking and use of integrated computer tools
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Industry Requirements
• Flight International 2006..
• Module developed with Airbus and RR input
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Case Study
•Produced by Airbus FPO For Southampton
•Realistic commercial aircraft design problem
•Supported by extensive guidance notes
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Case Study Deliverables
• Flight test using MS FS
• Final presentation
• Final report
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Expected Effort• 20 credit module
• 200 hours of effort.
• 15 week timetable
• = ~13 hours per week
• = ~10 hours of your own time on this module per week!
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Programme
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Week commencing 09 O
ctob
er 2
005
16 O
ctob
er 2
005
23 O
ctob
er 2
005
30 O
ctob
er 2
005
06 N
ovem
ber
2005
13 N
ovem
ber
2005
20 N
ovem
ber
2005
27 N
ovem
ber
2005
04 D
ecem
ber
2005
11 D
ecem
ber
2005
09 J
anua
ry 2
006
16 J
anua
ry 2
006
23 J
anua
ry 2
006
30 J
anua
ry 2
006
06 F
ebru
ary
2006
13 F
ebru
ary
2006
20 F
ebru
ary
2006
27 F
ebru
ary
2006
06 M
arch
200
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Introduction and objectivesBackground lecturesIndividual case studyGroup case studyInterim Group Design reviewsCAA guest lectureAirbus future projects guest lectureRolls Royce Guest lectureTest pilot guest lectureAirbus Airline economics guest lecture ExamsContinuation of group case studySimulator testing by teamsAssessed flight trials by "Test pilot"Group presentationsFeedback and review
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Assessment
• Individual assessment 15%• Flight testing 20%• Final Group Design Review 25%• Written Group Design Review 40%
• Use of peer review• Appraisal of individual contribution
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Roles/TasksExample Technical tasks
1 Kinematic simulation (high lift device/ undercarriage?)2 Total Drag Estimation3 Lift estimation (+ high lift device design)4 Structural design (in-depth study of key structure; winglet?)5 Cabin fuselage layout and dimensions6 Overall aircraft weight estimate7 Systems, selection, location and mass (powerplant, fuel, control, avionics etc)8 Optimisation (identification of design variables and experimentation/
sensitivity analysis)9 Cost estimation (acquisition and DOC)10 Performance/payload-range/certification calculations11 Flight simulation12 Whole aircraft geometry parameterisation creation/ data management13 Control/ handling/ stability calculations14 Reliability analysis
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Roles/TasksExample Management tasks
1 Chairing of meetings (rotating responsibility?)2 Generating and updating Gantt chart of activities/ responsibilities3 Documenting/recording meetings and actions4 Data handling/ setting up sussed and shared data5 Setting up and managing web-site?6 Compiling and organising presentation7 Compiling and organising final written report8 Change management
http://www.queendom.com/tests/career/team_roles_access.html
Penn State; http://tlt.its.psu.edu/suggestions/teams/student/index.htmlTeamworking guide (js website; teamworking)
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Software tools
ExcelSolidWorksGeometry
FloWorks
Motion
FEA
DProCosting
ReportingHTMLWord
Powerpoint
FS EditFS
G MaxCES
Relex
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Need for formal planning!
• Task is too big to carry in your head
• Need to understand scope
• Interactions
• Interfaces
• Clear boundaries/responsibilities
• Time and resource allocation
• Manage complexity
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Individual assignment deliverables (Deadline Friday
3rd November).• “AeroVironment”-type precedence network• List and break-down deliverables (WBS?)• Work backward from these until you hit;
– source data– assumptions– requirements– constraints
• Determine dependencies• Group tasks logically• Hand-in to be READABLE user-friendly printout.
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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AeroVironment; Good example of Project Planning*
• Complex, Novel projects
• Good, clear planning procedures
* See http://appel.nasa.gov/ask/issues/11/practices/index.html
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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AeroVironment planning overview example
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Precedence network*
* (Free PM tool can be dowloaded from OpenWorkbench; http://www.openworkbench.org/)
Unfortunately current PM tools have very crude network modelling tools
Better initially to use advanced diagramming tool such as yEd
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Workflow/ Dependency Network;
Verb, Noun
Activity/Process
OutputInput
Normally Physical or information “object”
See also.. http://www.soton.ac.uk/~jps7/Aircraft%20Design%20Resources/project%20management/MIT%20lecture%20notes.pdf
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Top level diagramExample Source Data•Payload/range objectives•Certification constraints•Current benchmark aircraft•Materials data•Fuel price projections•Operating assumptions•Environmental constraints
Example Outputs (Deliverables)
•Configuration/ geometry•Handling/ OEI performance results•Acquisition cost prediction•DOC projection•Comparative assessments•Sensitivities/ uncertainties/ reliability prediction•Utilisation/TATs
“Design system”
Drag Calculations
Weight Calculations
Stability calculations
Strength/ stiffness
calculations
Cost calculations
Lift Calculation
…..
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Examples
Hierarchical view of work.
Can be useful for analysing deliverables, for example
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Team-Task Matrix
Kin
emat
ic s
imul
atio
n (h
igh
lift
devi
ce/
unde
rcar
riage
?)
Tot
al D
rag
Est
imat
ion
Lift
est
imat
ion
(+ h
igh
lift
devi
ce
desi
gn)
Str
uctu
ral d
esig
n (in
dep
th s
tudy
of
key
stru
ctur
e; w
ingl
et?)
Cab
in f
usel
age
layo
ut a
nd
dim
ensi
ons
Ove
rall
airc
raft
wei
ght
estim
ate
Team member 1 Lead AssistTeam member 2 Assist LeadTeam member 3Team member 4 AssistTeam member 5 Lead Assist………………….
Responsibility allocation
Lead/assist?
Team size ~ 10
Pseudo- random selection
04/19/23 CEDCJames Scanlan; School of Engineering Sciences
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Demo of useful workflow modelling tool (yEd)
(Installed on ISS network but can be downloaded from..
http://www.yworks.com/en/index.html