AFTER IEE-10-344 SI2.589424 - D2.5 & D2.6 - RCx Investigation Plan + State of the Art

7/31/2019 AFTER IEE-10-344 SI2.589424 - D2.5 & D2.6 - RCx Investigation Plan + State of the Art

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The sole responsibility or the content o this publication lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reect the opiniono the European Union.

Neither the EACI nor the European Commission are responsible or any use that may be made o the inormationcontained therein.

STATE OF THE ART

ANDRETRO-COMMISSIONING

INVESTIGATION

PLAN

D2.5D2.6





RETRO-COMMIS-

SIONNING

INVESTIGA-TION

PLAN



4

PARTNER DATE CONTENT

DELPHIS

Julien BonnetFrancis Deplace

07.06.2012 Version 1.0Drat

AAA

Elsebeth Terkelsen

12.06.2012 Version 2.0Drat

IWU

Iris Behr

Britta Stein

20.06.2012 Comments

ZRMK

Marjanna Sijanec-ZavrlMarta Skubic

22.06.2012 Comments

SCHOLE/SITI

Arianna Dongiovanni

22.06.2012 Comments

STU-K

Tomas Vimmr

25.06.2012 Version 2.0.Comments.

CSTB

Pierre Boisson

27.06.2012 Commentsand suggestions

AAA

Elsebeth Terkelsen

01.07.2012 Version 3.0

AAA

Elsebeth Terkelsen

06.08.2012 Version 4.0

RCx IPSCIENTIFIC WORK



5

RCx IPCONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION TO “AFTER” RETRO-COMMISSIONING INVESTIGATION PLAN 6

2. “AFTER” RCx - step by step 9

2.1. STEP 1: SELECT PROJECT 92.1.1. Identiy your Pilot Building2.1.2. What acts did orientate you toward this building?2.1.3. Photos o the Pilot Building

2.2. STEP 2: DEVELOP A TEAM 11

2.3. STEP 3: GATHER DOCUMENTATION 12

2.4. STEP 4: BUILDING DESCRIPTION 142.4.1. Provide a detailed building description using the Handbook i needed.2.4.2. Identiy the previous reurbishments implemented on the building

2.5. STEP 5: DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING EQUIPMENTS 152.5.1. Heating system equipments concerned by the ESM2.5.2. Domestic Hot Water (DHW) system equipments concerned by the ESM2.5.3. Ventilation system equipments concerned by the ESM

2.6. STEP 6: PERFORM A FIRST DIRECT SITE ASSESSMENT 192.6.1. Walk-through2.6.2. Dwelling visit

2.7. STEP 7: CONSUMPTION 212.7.1. Energy Consumption or the building (raw data)2.7.2. Energy bills or the building (costs in EUR)

2.8. STEP 8: METERING OF THE ESM 222.8.1. Overall Meters2.8.2. Sources o energy consumption2.8.3. Submetering

2.9. STEP 9: OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIONS 252.9.1. Identiy the periodic preventive actions taken in the building2.9.2. Identiy the corrective actions taken in the building

2.10. STEP 10: MASTER LIST OF DEFICIENCIES AND COMPLAINTS 27

2.10.1. List o defciencies2.10.1. Registering o complaints 2.11. STEP 11: DIAGNOSTIC MONITORING AND TEST PLANS 28

2.11.1. Need or more diagnostic monitoring and testing?2.11.2. What element need more monitoring and why?2.11.3. What type o diagnostic monitoring is chosen?2.11.4. Functional test plan

3.12. STEP 12: RECOMMANDATIONS FOR ESMs’ OPTIMIZATION 30

APPENDIX A: AFTER BASICS FOR THE RCx PROCESS 34

APPENDIX B: WHAT IS RETRO- COMMISSIONING? 35

APPENDIX C: MAIN STEPS OF THE RCx PROCESS. 39

TOOL

APPENDIX



6

RCx IP1. INTRODUCTION TO AFTER

RETRO-COMMISSIONINGINVESTIGATION PLAN

Retro-commissioning (RCx) is dened asthe “systematic process or improvingan existing building’s perormance byidentiying and implementing relativelylow-cost operational and maintenanceimprovements, helping to ensure thatthe building’s perormance meets ownerexpectations ”.

Caliornia Commissioning guide : Existing buildings.Caliornia Commisssioning Collaborative, 2006

The AFTER “Retro-commissioning Investigation Plan”

is a tool assessing the actual efciency o Pilot Sitesin order to identiy optimization leads or AFTER PilotEnergy Saving Measures (ESMs) - c. Appendix A page35 or the defnition.ESMs are the raw material o the AFTER Project. TheInventory has been a frst step to identiy them andto oresee the optimization process or these energymeasures.

The objective o the Retro-commissioning (RCx - c.Appendix A and Appendix B page 36) process is totest optimization solutions or these specifed ESMs

in order to improve the energy perormance o thehousing stock o the participating SHOs.

The RCx document presents a complete and practicalstep-by-step introduction on how to perorm the RCxinvestigation (c. Appendix C page to have an overviewo the global process). The investigation will allowSHOs to give a description o the existing Pilot buildingand to identiy the equipment and system that willbeneft or the optimized version o the ESM.

As a consequence, the RCx aims at providing thenecessary practical inormation and data that areneeded to identiy clearly the building‘s perormanceand its potential to be improved.

Next step will be described in The Common Protocolor Evaluation. Once the optimization leads have beenidentifed, this protocol will allow us to ollow theimplementation o the ESM including the optimizationsolutions, to control/monitor its outputs on a regularand common basis process.

The Appendix part o this document will provide amore exhaustive introduction to the “AFTER” RCx

methodology and some general elements about theRCx defnition and state o the art.



7

TOOLPlease complete the follow tables step-by-step with all the requested

information regarding your Pilot Building and your Pilot ESM.

The AFTER Handbook (D2.3) will help you to identify the calculationcriteria, if needed, to complete all the lines of these tables.

A more complete description of the RCx step-by-step process can befound in Appendix B page 34 of this document.



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9

RCx IP2. AFTER RCx - STEP BY STEP

2.1. STEP 1: SELECT PROJECT AND BUILDING

Name o the Social Housing Organization owner o thebuilding

Country

Address o the building

Year o construction o the building (beginning/end)

Number o dwellings

Number o inhabitants

Living surace (m²). Number o stories

What kind o heating (energy carrier)?

Pilot ESM reported in the AFTER Inventory related to thebuilding

2.1.1. Identiy your Pilot Building(Complete the cells with relevant collected data on your Pilot building - c. AFTER Inventory)

3.1.2. What acts did orientate you toward this building?(According to your experience and knowledge o your housing stock, check one or several possibilities. Add details i possible.)

Regular complaints by tenants (WP3)

Testing building to be optimized or dissemination (WP3)

Persistent ailure o equipment or control system identifed by technical sta (WP4)

An unjustifed and high-energy index regarding its expected perormance (WP5 and WP6)Equipment or system identifed:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Other short-term O&M reasons to implement commissioning activities in order to enhance the existingperormance o the building - e.g.:

- High demand o energy or heating- High demand o electricity or heating- High demand o DHW

Other things………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Regarding these acts, x general objectivesWrite down the acts - and reect on how to manage the problems in the building - to set the goals and fx the generalobjectives o the RCx process. What can be achieved? What would you like to achieve?



10


2.1.3. Photos o the Pilot Building(Add photos o the building and equipments concerned by the ESM).



11


2.2. STEP 2: DEVELOP A TEAM

Roleand involvement

Persons(name, unction, company) Contact (tel, email)

3.2.1.RCx responsible

3.2.2.Social HousingCompany contact

3.2.3.Internal technicalSta

3.2.4.Facility manager

3.2.5.Caretaker o thebuilding

3.2.6.Tenantsrepresentatives(i relevant)

Identiy the sta that will lead or participate to the RCx process. Describe the tasks o every patner.



12


2.3. STEP 3: GATHER DOCUMENTATION

Person to contact toobtain the documents

Targetedinormationin thedocumentationto gather List o documents

Essential /optional(check orprecise WP)

Obtained

Yes NoOpt.

a. Energy data

EnergyPerormance

Certifcate

Energy bills Real consumption andcosts or a whole year(since 2007 i possible), or

electricity, gas,… all type oenergy + water

b. General inormation on the management o the building

Contracts onoperation andmaintenance

Costs, kind o actionsincluded in the

contracts, requency ointerventions…

Contracts withcaretakers

Mission, costs, seniority in

the position

Tenantsorganization

Existence, missions,involvement, organization,

relationship betweentenants and SHO

Energy strategicplan or the

building

List o uture energy savingmeasures already planned

or the next 5 years

c. Building characteristics

Architect’s plans,BIM

Ess.



13

Photographs

Energy audit,diagnosis I existing

d. Building equipment

List o equipmentswith description

and technicalcaracteritics

I existing

Manuacturerdocumentationor all or most

equipment

O&M manualsor all or most

equipment

Book o O&Minterventions

`Historic o operation and

maintenance actions(listing, book…), check o

respect o contracts

Critical reviews ospecifc periodic

inspections

Functionaldiagrams o the

systems

Diagrams o the systems(ex: boilers and distribution

network diagrams)

e. Documentation rom/or the tenants

Handbooks ortenants or all ormost equipment

Results o survey otenants

I existing

List o tenantscomplaints




14


2.4. STEP 4: BUILDING DESCRIPTION

2.4.1. Provide a detailed building description using the Handbook i needed.

Total living surace (m²)

Total heated surace (m²)

Number and size o dwellings(by surace or number o rooms)

Ex:10 dwellings o 3 rooms / o 75 m²

8 dwellings o 4 rooms / o 90 m²…

Type o windows

Type o walls / constructive type

Type o roo, terraces

Ceillar, basement

2.4.2. Identiy the previous reurbishments implemented on the building

Year o implementation

Type o action(s):Windows / wall insulation / roo insulation / … Reurbishment description



15


2.5. STEP 5: DESCRIPTION BUILDING EQUIPMENTS

2.5.1. Heating system equipments concerned by the ESM

Energy(ies) Type o system(s) Type o emission

Electricity

Gas

Heating Oil

Wood

District heating

Solar

Other:____________

Heat pump

Electric convectors

Boiler

Wood stove

Other:____________

Radiators

Convectors

Fan coils

Heating oor

Other:____________

with thermostaticvalves

Distribution

Individual systems

Collective systems

Number o heating networks starting rom the generation:____________

Controls

Presence o scheduler (i individual systems)

Outside temperature compensated control

Dierent control or each network (ex: north and south acades

Description

Heating Equipment #1

Name, brand

Energy

Type

Start-up date

Number (i identical)

Power (kW)



16

Heating Equipment #2

Name, brand

Energy

Type

Start-up date


Power (kW)

2.5.2. Domestic Hot Water (DHW) system equipments concerned by the ESM

Energy(ies) Type o system(s)

Electricity

Gas

Heating Oil

Wood

District heating

Solar

Other:____________

Heat pump

Electric convectors

Boiler

Wood stove

Other:____________

Same as heatingsystem

Individual systems

Collective systems

Description




17

DHW Equipment #1

Name, brand

Energy

Type

Start-up date


Power (kW)

Tank volume (in Liter)

Tank operating temperature (in C°)

Energy(ies) Type o system(s)

Distribution

Natural ventilation

Hybrid ventilation

Controlled MechanicalVentilation System

Classic CMV (extraction)

Hygro CMV

Double ow CMV (with Heatrecovery)

Description:(Its very important to know iis ventilation system local orcentralized)

2.5.3. Ventilation system equipments concerned by the ESM




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Ventilation Equipment #1

Name, brand

Energy

Type

Start-up date


Power (kW)

Nominal fow (m3/h)

Ventilation Equipment #2

Name, brand

Energy

Type

Start-up date


Power (kW)

Nominal fow (m3/h)




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2.6. STEP 6. PERFORM A FIRST DIRECT SITEASSESSMENT

Building enveloppe Status

Roo and attic

Walls

Windows, doors and skylights

Cellar Building equipment

Heating System

Distribution System

Automatic

Hot domestic water system

Ventilation system

Lighting in common areasOther electrical installations

Management

Review building operation schedules

Review tenants inormation and awareness

2.6.1. Walk-through



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a. Inormation to gather

Identifcation o individual technical equipements concerned by the ESM

Rent (EUR/month), energy and service charges linked to the equipmentconcerned by the ESM

Individual energy consumption

Visual inspection o quality and proper unctioning

o Equipments

o Moisture detection

o Inspection o air vents: obstruction o inlets? O outlets?

Cleaned flters?

b. Other potential types o measurements

Temperature

Humidity

CO2

IR thermography

Ventilation air ow rates

Illumination measures

2.6.2. Dwelling visit



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2.7. STEP 7: CONSUMPTION

Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Electricityin kWh

(fnal energy)

Natural Gas

in kWh(higher calorifc

value)

District Heatingin kWh

Woodin m3

Home heating oil in...

Other:_________ in...

Water in m3

Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

ElectricityStanding charge

Power = _____ kW

Consumption

Natural Gas

Standing Charge

Consumption

District HeatingStanding Charge

Consumption

WoodStanding Charge

Consumption

Home heating oilStanding Charge

Consumption

Other:_________Standing Charge

Consumption

WaterStanding Charge

Consumption

2.7.1. Energy Consumption or the building (raw data)

2.7.2. Energy bills or the building (costs in EUR)



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2.8. STEP 8: METERING OF THE ESM

2.8.1. Overall Meters

Energy PresenceFrequence o meterreading Type o reading Remarks

Electricity

Yes

No

Manual

Automatic (AMR)

Only with bills (by the supplier)

Natural Gas

Yes

No

Manual

Automatic (AMR)


District Heating

Yes

No

Manual

Automatic (AMR)


Wood

Yes

No

Manual

Automatic (AMR)


Home heating oil

Yes

No

Manual

Automatic (AMR)


Other:_________

Yes

No

Manual

Automatic (AMR)


Water

Yes

No

Manual

Automatic (AMR)




23

2.8.2. Sources o energy consumption

What are the sources o consumption included in the electricity bill?

Ventilation systems

Lighting in common parts

Outside lighting

Underground car park (lighting, ventilation, automatic gate)

Lits

Caretaker lodge

Electrical equipments in boiler room (pumps, etc.)

Security, access services, datalogger, TBM, etc.

Common Electrical domestic appliances

------------------------

------------------------

------------------------

------------------------

2.8.3. Submetering

Is there a submetering by apartment (or example heat cost allocators)? Yes No

Is there a submetering between heating and DHW consumption? Yes No

Is there a submetering or electricity consumption? Yes No




24

Complete the table depending on the existing submeters:

in kWh (raw data) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Heating

DHW

...

...

...

...

...

...




25


2.9. STEP 9: OPERATION AND MAINTENANCEACTIONS

To complete according to the O&M contracts:

2.9.1. Identiy the periodic preventive actions taken in the building

Description Last interventions Included in the contract? Cost

a. Heating System

Total cost: ___________ EUR/year

Ex: Boiler inspection Yes No

Ex: Change o too old burner,circulation pump

Yes No

Ex: Pipe cleaning Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

b. DHW System


Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

c. Ventilation System


Ex: Change o flters

Yes No

Ex: Filters cleaning

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No



26

2.9.2. Identiy the corrective actions taken in the building

Description Last interventions Included in the contract? Cost

a. Heating System


Ex: Breakdown, dysunctioning,inponerable events

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

b. DHW System


Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

c. Ventilation System


Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No




27


2.10. STEP 10: MASTER LIST OFDEFICIENCIES AND COMPAINTS

List o encountered technical ailures or complaints: review o actions during the ve last years related to deciencies and list o complaints(tenants, caretakers ...)

2.10.1. List o deciencies

Item # WP #

Equipment or part othe system concernedby the deciency

Description o thedeciency

Recommandedimprovement

Type o interventionStatus

2.10.1. Registering o complaints

DateSource o thecomplaint

Description o thecomplaint

Number o similarcomplaints in thebuilding Type o complaint

Estimatedrelevancy o thecomplaint

Corrective action

TenantCaretakers

SHO

- thermal comort- moistures develop-ment (mould develo-

pment)- acoustic troubles

(neighbours, trafc,noice rom heating,

ventilation, pipes)- difculty to use

systems,….

Yes No

Description



28


2.11. STEP 11: DIAGNOSTIC MONITORINGAND TEST PLANS

2.11.1. Need or more diagnostic monitoring and testing?

Yes

No

2.11.2. What element need more monitoring and why?

Item # WP #

Equipment or Part o the System needing morediagnostic monitoring

Reason

2.11.3. What type o diagnostic monitoring is chosen?

Datalogger plan

Functional test perormance

Manual reading o meters

Visual inspections

Others

Datalogger plan

Brand name o the datalogger

Start Date and Time

Stop Date and Time

Duration

Sampling requency

Total loggers

Total points

Total loggers



29


Equipment name Point name MeasurementTypeModule Units Min. Max.

2.11.4. Functional Test Perormance

Equipment name

Checklist items

Description Comment

#1

#2

#3



30


2.12. STEP 12: SUGGESTION AND PROPOSAL FORESMs’ OPTIMIZATION

Item # WP # Deciency identied

Optimizationpotential or the ESM

( Choices:- improve the

economic model othe ESM.

- enhance the energyefciency.

- increase thesocial perormanceand the reception o

the ESM by tenants.)

Type o optimizationproposed or the ESM

( Choices:- management &

strategic decision- technical

intervention(control, maintenancereplacement)

- increase thesocial perormanceand the reception o

the ESM by tenants.)Description o the optimization proposal/solution

Regarding the deciencies identied during the ormer steps o the RCx process, develop some proposals on optimization tips and solution orthe tested ESM.



31



32



33

APPENDIXThe Appendix presents some theoritical material about the RCx

process. It will help the RCx process users to have more information onthe document objectives and structure. This Appendix can be use as a

Handbook for the Tool.



34

OPTIMIZED ESM

ESM

RCx IPAPPENDIX A: AFTER BASICS

FOR THE RCx PROCESS

Energy Saving Measure

is implemented in order to improve the energy consumption o abuilding and related to heating aspects, warm water or electric poeringor heating equipments.

its impacts can eventually be monitored and evaluated regarding kWhand heating energy costs.

can be optimized/inuenced/present a potential to be improved.

respect the time line presented below.

OPTIMIZATION Optimization

is related to an ESM which show potential o improvement

this potential can concern the 3 ollowing objectives:- improve the economic model o the ESM.- enhance the energy efciency.- increase the social perormance and the reception o the ESM by tenants.)

can lead to several types o actions:- management & strategic decision- technical intervention (control, maintenance, replacement)- increase the social perormance and the reception o the ESM by tenants.

Optimized ESM is the defnitive version o the original ESM corrected with the optimizationleads and tested during the implementation phase

TIME LINE Time line

IMPLEMENTATIONESM

OPTIMIZATION FINDING AND IMPLEMENTATION

OPTIMIZED ESM

beore ater

RCx implementation

testing phase



35

RCx IPAPPENDIX B: WHAT IS

RETRO-COMMISSIONING?

What is retro commissioning?

Retro-commissioning (RCx) is defned as the“systematic process or improving an existingbuilding’s perormance by identiying andimplementing relatively low-cost operational andmaintenance improvements, helping to ensure that thebuilding’s perormance meets owner expectations ”.Retro-commissioning is intended to be an equivalento Commissioning or existing buildings as its mainobjective is to understand “how building equipmentand systems unction in order to enhance a buildingoverall perormance ”.

As ootnotes indicate it, Retro-commissioningmethodologies have been particularly developedwithin the American procedures to improve theenergy perormance in the buildings and especiallyregarding acilities. Thereo, the main existing retro-commissioning literature ocuses on ofce andproduction rooms / buildings.

This particular background implies 3 remarksregarding the potential application or the AFTERProject:

1.I retro-commissioning is an interesting idea in orderto implement a standardized method to improve theenergy efciency o buildings, the process has to beadapted or residential buildings, and especially orsocial housing.

2.In the RCx process in ”real lie”, you start by fndingthe right buildings or retro-commissioning and thenyou fnd the ESMs relevant to carry our the retro-commissioning. In AFTER we defne the ESMs, wewant to assess, and then we fnd the buildings to testthem.

3. Existing retro-commissioning methodologies have

been created in a Northern American context orheating and cooling devices based on energy devicesand using electricity as energy carrier. Europeanheating systems, and systems included in the AFTERProject, are more prominently based on water warmedby dierent energy carriers.

As a consequence, AFTER partners will have to bewatchul on conserving the essential objectives othe Retro-commissioning (improving the energyperormance) At the same time the procedure shouldbe kept as simple as possible ocusing as a starting

point on objectives and adjustments according to theSHOs needs.

- an unjustifed, high energy-use index

- persistent ailure o equipment and/or controlsystem (worn out, old equipment should bereplaced beore the commission begins)

- tenants complaints

- indoor air quality problems

when to do it ?



36


RETRO-COMMISSIONING?

AFTER Retro Commissioning Methodologies:Background

Retro-commissioning has been hugely debated duringthe AFTER process.As a matter o act, the concept as presented in theAmerican literature can be understood in 2 ways, both:

- as a global process, or improving a buildingsperormance using Energy Serving Measures(investigation/implementation/post-implementation)- as a tool, the procedure document that will give thenecessary ramework to identiy the defciencies o an

existing building and to propose potential optimizationand improvements.

Thereo, we have to speciy –as an introduction orthis RCx methodology- what are the main objectivesintended or RCx process in the AFTER project. Thisreminder has to be done step-by-step regarding theoriginal defnition o the RCx (a “systematic processor improving an existing building’s perormanceby identiying and implementing relatively low-costoperational and maintenance improvements, helpingto ensure that the building’s perormance meets

owner expectations“) but trying to ft as close aspossible to the SHOs’ realities.

1.1. «A systematic process or improving an existing building’s

perormance…»

The philosophy o RCx corresponds to a systematicprocess o improvement regarding the perormance oa building. This wording implies several consequences,particularly or “AFTER”:

- A “systematic process” intends to create amethodology and a procedure that will be the same or

the dierent pilot sites included in the AFTER Project.

- The idea o “improving an existing building’sperormance” has to be weighted by the delays o theAFTER Project. As a consequence, the RCx will be verydirected to the equipment and systems o a buildingthat could enhance its global perormance.- RCx should not be restricted to the pilote sites but beapplicable or all other ESMs o the same kind –be ithe AFTERSHOs be it other (social) housing companies

Regarding the special eatures o the Social HousingCompanies, the AFTER RCx process should bevery pragmatic and inspired by existing routines

implemented by companies to optimize their energyconsumptions.As a consequence the RCx is closely linked to theexperience and knowledge o a Social HousingCompany regarding its housing stock and itsprominent issues in order to go straight to the point.

1.2. «… By identiying and implementing low-cost operational and

maintenance improvements…»

The RCx links diagnosis (“identiying”) and proposals(“implementing”) regarding the improvement abuilding perormance. As explained in the defnition,RCx ocus mainly on “low-cost” (that intend we

must give priority to some low key intervention withsmall investment) operational and maintenanceimprovements”.

1.3. «… Helping to ensure that the building’s perormance meets

owner expectations.»

This last part o the defnition has to be revisedespecially regarding the AFTER project and its topics.

As we ocus on housing and most particularly on socialhousing, the concept o “owner expectations” has



37

bring equipment toits proper

operational statereduce complaints

i n c r e a s e t

e n a n t

s a t i s f a c t i o n

r e d u c e s t a f f t i m

e s p e n t

o n e m e r g e n c y c a l l s

r e d u c e e n e r g y

a n d d e m a n d c o s t s i m

p r o v

e i n d

o o r

a i r q

u a l i t

y

i m pr ov ef a c i l i t y o p er at i on

an d m ai nt en an c e

i n c r

e a s e

e q u i p

m e n t l i

f e

RCx IPAPPENDIX B:WHAT IS RETRO-

COMMISSIONING?

to be widened and has to integrate the tenants. As aconsequence, to “ensure the building’s perormancemeets owner expectations” must cover up a diversityo objectives that are gathering economic perormanceobjectives, energy perormance objectives and socialperormance objectives.

Among these objectives we must list:- To ensure that equipment and systems arereaching their proper operational state and theirexpected perormance (economic/energy perormance)- To reduce energy costs (economic/socialperormance)

- To identiy and monitor tenants complaints asan additional means o identiying defcits and- To reduce tenants complaints and to increasesatisaction (social perormance)- To improve operation and maintenanceroutines and reduce sta time on emergency calls(economic perormance) .

datas romLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,

Portland Energy Conservation Incand Energy Systems Laboratory, Texas

A&M University

RCx impacts



38


RETRO- COMMISSIONING?

Bibliography

MILLS E. 2009«Building Commissioning : a Golden Opportunity orReducing Energy Costand Greenhouse Gas Emissions.»http://cx.lbl.gov/2009-assessment.html

FRIEDMAN H. et al. 2009«IEA Annex 47 : Cost-eective Commissioning orExisting and Low-Energy Buildings»prepared or US Department o Energy.http://peci.org/documents/annex_reprt_0910.pd

PECI and LBNL«Functunial Testing Guide - From the Fundamentals tothe Field»prepared or the US Dept. o Energy and the CaliorniaEnergy Commissions’ Public Interest Energy Researchprogram

PECI, 1999«A Pratical Guide or Commissioning Existingbuildings»prepared by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and

Portland Energy Conservation, Inc.

American Society o Heating, Rerigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE) 2005.«Guideline 0-2005, The Commissioning Process»

CALIFORNIA COMMISSIONING COLLABORATIVE 2006«Caliornia Commissioning Guide : Existing buildings»

PECI, 2001«Retrocommissioning Handbook or FacilityManagers»prepared or Oregon Department o Energy.ENERGY STAR 2005«Building Manual. Chapter 5 : Retrocommissioning»www.energystar.gov/ia/business/EPA_BUM_CH5_RetroComm.pd

PORTLAND ENERGY CONSERVATION INC. 2007«A retrocommissioning or building owners»www.peci.org/sites/deault/fles/documents/epaguide.pd

EFFNINGER J. FRIEDMAN H. 2010«The Right Measures - What saves Energy in ExistingBuildings»



39

RCx IPAPPENDIX C: MAIN STEPS

OF THE RCx PROCESS.

1. Select projectThe selection o the concerned project is a veryparticularly step in the AFTER Project and has beenperormed within the rame o WP8.

Else - in a normal RCx process - the selection o thebuilding is a very important frst step.As the Oregon Ofce o Energy (see oot note in ANNEXA) indicates in its Retro-commissioning Handbook,“Some buildings make better candidates or retro-commissioning than others (…) the most brokenbuildings may not be attractive”.

2. Develop a teamThe retro-commissioning process supposes a goodorganization within the Social Housing Organization.During its investigation phase, SHOs will have to namea team sharing the dierent responsibilities. This teamshould identiy the dierent persons responsible orthe dierent stages o the Retro-commissioning plan(global management, collecting data, technical stainvolved, and contacts with tenants). The interacesbetween the dierent elements o the team and themanaging sta o the Social Housing Company shouldbe indicated. Partnerships have also to be mentioned.

3. Gather documentation and inormationIn order to know exactly how the building is workingregarding the frst collected testimonies, theparticipating SHO should collect the documentsnecessary to know what are the dierent equipmentand systems involved and what is their expectedperormance. And energy bills.

This step has to be very efcient and to ocus on themost relevant documents or the project.

4. Review building documentationA frst overview on the building documentation shouldhelp to individualize some o the main defciencies othe building or potential missing points regarding theenergy perormance o the building.

5. Description o building equipmentsThe description o the building equipment is a ollowup on the frst overview with more detailed inormationon systems as well as equipment. It includes theheating system, the Domestic Hot Water (DHW)system, the ventilation and the lighting.

6. Perorm a rst direct site assessmentA frst overview on the building documentation shouldhelp to individualize some o the main defciencies othe building or potential missing points regarding theenergy perormance o the building.

The goal o the site assessment is to obtain an in-depth and on feld understanding on how the buildingare currently operated and maintained and to identiyhow these O&M could be improved. The main role othis frst assessment is to create a visual contact o thebuilding and a visual assessment o its perormance.

It also represents an opportunity to get somecomplementary inormation asking questions to theclosest operators o the building: the technical sta othe SHO and tenants. This is a very simple and low costmeans o monitoring.

This frst direct assessment could be scheduled asa walkthrough with the building’s caretaker or sometechnical member o the SHO and some tenants othe building. During the walkthrough a listing is donehighlighting major defciencies.



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RCx IPAPPENDIX C: MAIN STEPS OF

THE RCx PROCESS.

7. ConsumptionThe consumption i registering the data or the energyuse o the building - i possible or the last fve years.It also includes registering the costs o energy romthe energy bills - also rom the last fve years opossible.

For the use o electricity it is also important todescribe, which dierent elements are included inthe consumption - e.g. heating, ventilation, out doorlighting, caretakers apartment etc.

8. MeteringDescribe the meters in the building and the requencyo readings and how they are perormed. Also describethe sub metering, i any.

9. Operation & maintenance actionsThe overview is to be completed according to O&Mcontracts. It includes periodic preventive actions andcorrective actions.

10. Master list o decienciesAccording to the review o the building documentationand the frst direct site assessment, the retro-

commissioning team will produce a frst Master Listsummarizing the dierent defciencies observedduring the frst phase o the process. The list willpresent a global identity kit o the name o the system,equipment or tool impacted by the defciency, adescription o the observed issue and a suggestion ooptimization in order to improve the expected o thesystem, equipment or tool in order to reach at least itsexpected perormance.

11. Diagnostic monitoring and test plansRegarding the Master list o defciencies, theretro-commissioning team may identiy whatcomplementary data and test would be necessary inorder to obtain a better knowledge o the equipment/system/tool perormance.The diagnostic monitoring and test plan shouldcomplete the frst visual observation accomplishedduring the walkthrough. The diagnostic monitoring willallow the team to observe, i needed, the evolution othe concerned system/equipment or tool under typicalconditions and dierent scenario. This experiment willpermit to identiy when the system is correctly or most

efciently operating.The Oregon Ofce o Energy lists 2 main diagnosticmethods and test plans that will complete the frstMaster list o Defciencies:

- Data logging- Manual unctional testing

The tools used during the retro-commissioning willalso be used during the evaluation o the testing othe optimized ESM on sites and will be part o the“Common Evaluation Protocol”.

12. Recommendations and ESMsoptimizationOnce the Master List o defciencies has beencompleted, the SHO and the corresponding WPleader will identiy the most relevant improvementto be tested regarding to cost-eectivenessactors, expected energy efciency actors or socialperormance actors. Ater optimization, these ESMswill be tested during the evaluation phase. Theirperormance regarding the baseline period inventoriedduring the retro-commissioning will be analyzed

and documented using the “Common Evaluation orTesting Live on Sites o the Pilot ESM”.



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AFTER IEE-10-344 SI2.589424 - D2.5 & D2.6 - RCx Investigation Plan + State of the Art

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