Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released December 27, 2019, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). November Prices Received Index Up 4.6 Percent The November Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 88.6, increased 4.6 percent from October and 0.2 percent from November 2018. At 82.6, the Crop Production Index was up 1.7 percent from last month but down 1.8 percent from the previous year. The Livestock Production Index, at 96.6, increased 7.0 percent from October and 4.2 percent from November last year. Producers received higher prices during November for market eggs, lettuce, cattle, and milk but lower prices for corn, broilers, apples, and hogs. In addition to prices, the indexes are influenced by the volume change of commodities producers market. In November, there was increased monthly movement for corn, milk, cattle, and cotton and decreased marketing of soybeans, grapes, wheat, and lettuce. November Prices Paid Index Up 0.3 Percent The November Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 110.4, is up 0.3 percent from October 2019 and 0.5 percent from November 2018. Higher prices in November for feeder cattle, herbicides, supplements, and feeder pigs more than offset lower prices for feed grains, other machinery, mixed fertilizer, and concentrates. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons Index Group November 2018 October 2019 November 2019 (percent) (percent) (percent) Prices received by farmers ......................................................................... Prices paid by farmers ................................................................................ Ratio of prices received to prices paid ........................................................ 88.4 109.8 80 84.7 110.1 77 88.6 110.4 81
Transcript
Agricultural Prices
ISSN: 1937-4216
Released December 27, 2019, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States
Department of Agriculture (USDA).
November Prices Received Index Up 4.6 Percent
The November Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 88.6, increased 4.6 percent from October
and 0.2 percent from November 2018. At 82.6, the Crop Production Index was up 1.7 percent from last month but down
1.8 percent from the previous year. The Livestock Production Index, at 96.6, increased 7.0 percent from October and
4.2 percent from November last year. Producers received higher prices during November for market eggs, lettuce, cattle,
and milk but lower prices for corn, broilers, apples, and hogs. In addition to prices, the indexes are influenced by the
volume change of commodities producers market. In November, there was increased monthly movement for corn, milk,
cattle, and cotton and decreased marketing of soybeans, grapes, wheat, and lettuce.
November Prices Paid Index Up 0.3 Percent
The November Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at
110.4, is up 0.3 percent from October 2019 and 0.5 percent from November 2018. Higher prices in November for feeder
cattle, herbicides, supplements, and feeder pigs more than offset lower prices for feed grains, other machinery, mixed
fertilizer, and concentrates.
Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
Index Group November
2018 October
2019 November
2019
(percent) (percent) (percent)
Prices received by farmers ......................................................................... Prices paid by farmers ................................................................................ Ratio of prices received to prices paid ........................................................
88.4
109.8
80
84.7
110.1
77
88.6
110.4
81
2 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Contents
Prices Received by Farmers .................................................................................................................................................... 4
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons .................................................... 5
Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons .......................................... 5
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups – United States: 2018 and 2019 .................................. 5
Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups – United States: 2018 and 2019 .......................................... 6
Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ......................................... 7
Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons .................................... 8
Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month – United States: 2019 with Comparisons ............................ 9
Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month – United States: 2019 with Comparisons ...................................... 9
Prices Received for All Wheat – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ......................................... 10
Prices Received for Winter Wheat – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ................................... 10
Prices Received for Durum Wheat – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ................................... 11
Prices Received for Spring Wheat – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons .................................... 11
Prices Received for Oats – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ................................................... 11
Prices Received for All Barley – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ......................................... 12
Prices Received for Feed Barley – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons....................................... 12
Prices Received for Malting Barley – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons .................................. 12
Prices Received for Corn – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons .................................................. 13
Prices Received for Sorghum Grain – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ................................. 13
Prices Received for Soybeans – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ........................................... 14
Prices Received for Dry Beans – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ......................................... 14
Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons .............................. 15
Prices Received for Sunflower – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ......................................... 15
Prices Received for Canola – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ............................................... 15
Prices Received for Flaxseed – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ............................................ 15
Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed – States and United States: November 2019
with Comparisons .............................................................................................................................................................. 16
Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice – United States: November 2019
with Comparisons .............................................................................................................................................................. 16
Prices Received for Hay by Type – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ..................................... 17
Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay – States and 5-State Total: November 2019 ................................ 17
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: November 2018 ............................................. 18
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: October 2019 ................................................. 19
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: November 2019 ............................................. 20
Prices Received for Hops – States and United States: 2017-2019 ........................................................................................ 20
Prices Received for All Milk – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ............................................ 21
Prices Received for Milk Cows – States and United States: October 2019 with Comparisons ............................................ 21
Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price – United States: November 2019
with Comparisons .............................................................................................................................................................. 23
Commodity Parity Prices – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ................................................................... 24
Reliability of Prices Received Estimates............................................................................................................................... 26
Prices Paid by Farmers .......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons................................... 28
Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components – United States:
November 2019 with Comparisons ................................................................................................................................... 29
Feed Price Ratios – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ............................................................................... 30
Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ....................... 30
Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons ....................................................... 30
Prices Paid by Farmers and Ranchers for Beef Cattle Production ........................................................................................ 31
Prices Paid Index for Beef Cattle Production, 1964-1968 Base – United States: 2017-2019 ............................................... 31
Prices Received for Beef Cattle – Selected Regions: 2017-2019 .......................................................................................... 31
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 3 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates ...................................................................................................................................... 32
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................ 33
4 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
November Prices Received by Farmers
Crop production: The November index, at 82.6, is 1.7 percent higher than October but 1.8 percent lower than
November 2018. The increases in the vegetable & melon and the fruit & tree nut indexes more than offset the declines in
the grain & oilseed and the other crop indexes.
Grain and oilseed: The November index, at 64.6, is down 3.4 percent from October but up 3.9 percent from
November 2018. The decreases in the oilseed index and the feed grain index offset the higher food grain index.
Feed grain: The November index, at 61.2, decreased 4.2 percent from last month but increased 7.4 percent from a year
ago. The corn price, at $3.68 per bushel, is down 16 cents from last month but up 27 cents from November 2018.
Food grain: At 71.7, the index for November increased 2.4 percent from the previous month but decreased 7.4 percent
from a year ago. The November price for all wheat, at $4.39 per bushel, is 6 cents lower than October and 84 cents lower
than November 2018. The November price for rice, at $12.90 per cwt, is 30 cents higher than October and 30 cents higher
than November 2018.
Oilseed: At 68.7, the index for November decreased 0.3 percent from October but increased 2.4 percent from
November 2018. The soybean price, at $8.59 per bushel, is 1 cent lower than October but 23 cents higher than November
a year earlier.
Fruit and tree nut: The November index, at 129.1, is up 0.5 percent from October but down 0.5 percent from a year
earlier. Price increases for grapes, strawberries, and oranges more than offset price decreases for apples and pears.
Vegetable and melon: At 141.1, the index for November increased 15.0 percent from the previous month but decreased
1.3 percent from November 2018. Price increases during November for lettuce, tomatoes, potatoes, and celery more than
offset price declines for broccoli, onions, cauliflower, and cucumbers.
Other crop: The November index, at 81.1, is down 5.5 percent from the previous month and 9.2 percent from
November 2018. The all hay price, at $160.00 per ton, is $1.00 lower than October and $2.00 lower than November 2018.
At 59.7 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is 0.6 cents higher than October but 13.2 cents lower than
November 2018.
Livestock production: The index for November, at 96.6, increased 7.0 percent from the previous month and 4.2 percent
from November a year earlier. Compared with a year ago, prices are higher for milk, market eggs, turkeys, hogs, and beef
cows. Prices for broilers and calves are lower than a year earlier.
Meat animal: At 92.6, the November index increased 3.5 percent from the previous month but decreased 0.5 percent
from a year earlier. The November beef cattle price of $113.00 per cwt is $6.00 higher than the previous month but
unchanged from November 2018. At $48.00 per cwt, the November hog price is $1.10 lower than October but $1.80
higher than a year earlier.
Dairy: The index for November, at 104.5, is up 5.6 percent from the previous month and 22.1 percent from November a
year ago. The November all milk price of $21.00 per cwt is $1.10 higher than October and $3.80 higher than
November 2018.
Poultry and egg: At 98.0, the November index increased 15.7 percent from October but decreased 6.7 percent from
November 2018. The November market egg price, at $1.12 per dozen, is 71.4 cents higher than October and 17.5 cents
higher than November 2018. The November broiler price, at 39.0 cents per pound, is 1.5 cents lower than October and
10.0 cents lower than a year ago. At 67.4 cents per pound, the November turkey price is 3.5 cents higher than the previous
month and 14.4 cents higher than November 2018.
Food Commodities: The index, at 96.2, increased 8.8 percent from the previous month and 2.1 percent from
November 2018.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 5 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
Index Group
2011 Base
November 2018
October 2019
November 2019
(percent) (percent) (percent)
Agricultural production ......................................................................... Crop production ............................................................................... Grain and oilseed ......................................................................... Feed grain ............................................................................... Food grain ............................................................................... Oilseed .................................................................................... Fruit and tree nut ......................................................................... Vegetable and melon ................................................................... Other crop .................................................................................... Livestock production ........................................................................ Meat animal ................................................................................. Cattle ....................................................................................... Hog .......................................................................................... Dairy ............................................................................................ Poultry and egg ............................................................................ Food commodity ..................................................................................
88.4 84.1 62.2 57.0 77.4 67.1
129.8 142.9 89.3
92.7 93.1
100.4 69.5 85.6
105.0
94.2
84.7 81.2 66.9 63.9 70.0 68.9
128.5 122.7 85.8
90.3 89.5 94.7 73.8 99.0 84.7
88.4
88.6 82.6 64.6 61.2 71.7 68.7
129.1 141.1 81.1
96.6 92.6 99.7 72.2
104.5 98.0
96.2
Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
Index Group
1910 - 1914 Base
November 2018
October 2019
November 2019
(percent) (percent) (percent)
Agricultural production ......................................................................... Crop production ............................................................................... Livestock production ........................................................................
913 734
1076
874 708
1048
915 721
1121
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups – United States: 2018 and 2019 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
January ............................. February ............................ March ................................ April ................................... May ................................... June .................................. July .................................... August ............................... September ......................... October ............................. November .......................... December ..........................
6 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups – United States: 2018 and 2019 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
January ............................. February ........................... March ................................ April .................................. May ................................... June .................................. July ................................... August .............................. September ........................ October ............................. November ......................... December .........................
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 7 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
Commodity 2011
Base Price November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
Field crops Barley, all ....................................................... dollars/bushel Feed ............................................................ dollars/bushel Malting ......................................................... dollars/bushel Beans, dry edible ................................................ dollars/cwt Canola ................................................................ dollars/cwt Chickpeas, all ..................................................... dollars/cwt Large ................................................................ dollars/cwt Small ................................................................ dollars/cwt Corn .............................................................. dollars/bushel Cotton, Upland ................................................ dollars/pound Cottonseed .......................................................... dollars/ton Flaxseed ........................................................ dollars/bushel Hay, all, baled ...................................................... dollars/ton Alfalfa ................................................................ dollars/ton Other ................................................................. dollars/ton Lentils ................................................................. dollars/cwt Oats ............................................................... dollars/bushel Peanuts, in-shell ............................................. dollars/pound Peas, dry edible .................................................. dollars/cwt Rice, all ............................................................... dollars/cwt Long ................................................................. dollars/cwt Medium and short ............................................. dollars/cwt Sorghum grain .................................................... dollars/cwt Soybeans ...................................................... dollars/bushel Sunflowers, all .................................................... dollars/cwt Wheat, all ...................................................... dollars/bushel Winter .......................................................... dollars/bushel Durum .......................................................... dollars/bushel Other spring ................................................. dollars/bushel Hard red winter ............................................ dollars/bushel Soft red winter ............................................. dollars/bushel Hard red spring ............................................ dollars/bushel White ........................................................... dollars/bushel Fruits Citrus, equivalent on-tree Grapefruit ......................................................... dollars/box Lemons ............................................................. dollars/box Oranges ............................................................ dollars/box Non-citrus, fresh Apples ......................................................... dollars/pound Grapes .............................................................. dollars/ton Peaches ........................................................... dollars/ton Pears ................................................................ dollars/ton Strawberries ..................................................... dollars/cwt
4.79 4.59 4.83
34.60 23.10 35.70 39.20 23.40 6.02
0.880
131.00 14.20
159.00 176.00 119.00 27.50 3.42
0.252
13.60 13.70 12.30 18.40 10.70 12.50 29.00
7.44 6.93 9.22 8.33 7.07 6.77 8.38 6.58
7.47 12.30 8.16
0.325 628.00 507.00 559.00 104.00
4.78 3.23 4.85
25.90 16.10 21.00 20.00 21.60 3.41
0.729
152.00 10.20
162.00 173.00 141.00 18.10 2.55
0.216
9.67 12.60 10.90 17.00 5.53 8.36
17.00
5.23 5.20 4.72 5.33 4.99 5.01 5.33 5.48
20.89 31.76 15.61
0.387 1,030.00
(S) 616.00 99.00
4.53 3.11 4.70
27.20 14.20 19.10 19.20 18.90 3.84
0.591
154.00 9.05
161.00 179.00 126.00 17.40 2.82
0.204
9.93 12.60 11.50 16.00 5.88 8.60
17.40
4.45 4.36 4.63 4.65 3.91 5.08 4.58 5.36
13.58 29.21 11.87
0.391 1,300.00
(S) 693.00 100.00
4.74 2.81 4.84
28.80 14.40 16.50 15.40 17.90 3.68
0.597
163.00 8.68
160.00 173.00 137.00 14.90 2.95
0.192
9.52 12.90 11.60 15.90 5.64 8.59
17.90
4.39 4.36 4.15 4.52 4.03 5.29 4.47 5.42
15.86 29.70 15.18
0.333 1,500.00
(S) 678.00 115.00
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
8 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Price data source for potato, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service]
Commodity 2011
Base Price November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
Adjusted for seasonal variation Eggs, all .......................................................... dollars/dozen Seasonal factor ...................................................... percent Milk, all ................................................................ dollars/cwt Seasonal factor ...................................................... percent
0.979
101 20.20
100
0.861
131 16.10
107
0.773
86 18.80
106
0.977
132 19.70
107
(NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Point of first sale. 2 Includes some processing. 3 Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4 Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 5 Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6 Live weight equivalent price. 7 Mid-month price. 8 Also referred to as table eggs. 9 Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point
basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 9 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month – United States: 2019 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Month All wheat Corn Soybeans
2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019
(dollars per
bushel) (dollars per
bushel) (dollars per
bushel) (dollars per
bushel) (dollars per
bushel) (dollars per
bushel) (dollars per
bushel) (dollars per
bushel) (dollars per
bushel)
January ....... February ...... March .......... April ............. May ............. June ............ July .............. August ......... September ... October ....... November .... December ....
Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month – United States: 2019 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Month Beef cattle 1 All hogs 2
2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019
(dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt)
January ............ February ........... March ............... April .................. May .................. June ................. July ................... August .............. September ........ October ............ November ......... December .........
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Winter Wheat – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
Arkansas ......................................... California ........................................ Colorado ......................................... Idaho ............................................... Illinois .............................................. Indiana ............................................ Kansas ............................................ Michigan ......................................... Minnesota 1 ..................................... Missouri .......................................... Montana .......................................... Nebraska ........................................ North Carolina ................................. North Dakota ................................... Ohio ................................................ Oklahoma ....................................... Oregon ............................................ South Dakota .................................. Texas .............................................. Washington ..................................... United States ..................................
(D) (D)
4.51 5.16 5.00 5.19 4.70 4.92 (D)
5.13
4.86 4.47 4.97 4.40 5.06 4.68 5.76 4.60 5.06 5.62
5.20
(S) (D)
3.64 4.92 5.08 5.28 3.74 5.13 (NA) 4.88
4.18 3.59 5.20 3.76 5.14 3.90 5.72 4.27 (D)
5.39
4.36
(D) (D)
3.65 5.04 5.41 5.27 3.83 5.18 (NA) 5.32
4.40 3.70 5.42 3.68 5.29 4.05 5.66 4.20 3.84 5.46
4.36
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Monthly estimates discontinued in September 2019.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 11 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Durum Wheat – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
Arizona ............................................ California ......................................... Idaho ............................................... Montana .......................................... North Dakota ................................... United States ...................................
(D) (S) (D)
4.98 4.66
4.72
(D) (D) (S) (D)
4.38
4.63
(D) (S) (D)
4.50 3.81
4.15
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Spring Wheat – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
Colorado 1 ........................................ Idaho ............................................... Minnesota ........................................ Montana .......................................... North Dakota ................................... Oregon 1 .......................................... South Dakota ................................... Washington ..................................... United States ...................................
(S) 5.48 5.19 5.61 5.12 5.98 5.14 5.94
5.33
(NA) 4.98 4.63 4.81 4.30 (NA) 4.62 5.66
4.65
(NA) 5.05 4.41 4.75 4.25 (NA) 4.66 5.70
4.52
(NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Monthly estimates discontinued in September 2019.
Prices Received for Oats – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
Illinois .............................................. Iowa ................................................. Michigan .......................................... Minnesota ........................................ Montana .......................................... Nebraska ......................................... New York ......................................... North Dakota ................................... Oregon ............................................ Pennsylvania ................................... South Dakota ................................... Texas .............................................. Wisconsin ........................................ United States ...................................
(D) 3.61 3.59 2.60 (D) (D) (D)
2.32 (S) (D)
2.62 (S)
3.09
2.55
(S) 3.45 2.76 2.41
(S) (D) (S)
2.55 (S) (D)
2.81 (S)
3.57
2.82
(S) 3.73 3.68 2.50
(S) (D) (S)
2.50 (S)
4.46 2.92
(S) 3.45
2.95
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
12 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for All Barley – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
California ........................................ Colorado ......................................... Idaho ............................................... Minnesota ....................................... Montana .......................................... North Dakota ................................... Washington ..................................... Wyoming ......................................... United States ..................................
(S) 4.65 5.10 (D)
4.94 4.40 3.04 (D)
4.78
(D) 4.65 4.80 (D)
4.43 4.23 4.32 4.92
4.53
(D) (D)
4.96 4.47 4.38 4.64 4.65 (D)
4.74
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Feed Barley – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
California ........................................ Colorado ......................................... Idaho ............................................... Minnesota ....................................... Montana .......................................... North Dakota ................................... Washington ..................................... Wyoming ......................................... United States ..................................
(S) (S)
3.33 (D)
4.10 2.99 3.04 (D)
3.23
(S) (D)
3.17 (S)
2.80 3.09 (D) (S)
3.11
(S) (S)
2.79 (D)
2.47 2.78 2.79
(S)
2.81
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Malting Barley – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
California ........................................ Colorado ......................................... Idaho ............................................... Minnesota ....................................... Montana .......................................... North Dakota ................................... Washington ..................................... Wyoming ......................................... United States ..................................
(S) 4.65 5.19 (D)
4.96 4.44
(S) (D)
4.85
(D) 4.70 4.92 (D)
4.45 4.46 (D)
4.92
4.70
(D) (D)
5.08 (D)
4.40 4.72 (D) (D)
4.84
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 13 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Corn – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
Colorado ..................................................... Illinois ......................................................... Indiana ....................................................... Iowa ............................................................ Kansas ....................................................... Kentucky ..................................................... Michigan ..................................................... Minnesota ................................................... Missouri ...................................................... Nebraska .................................................... North Carolina ............................................ North Dakota .............................................. Ohio ............................................................ Pennsylvania .............................................. South Dakota .............................................. Tennessee .................................................. Texas ......................................................... Wisconsin ................................................... United States ..............................................
3.65 3.44 3.49 3.40 3.47 3.66 3.34 3.26 3.54 3.45
4.59 3.14 3.48 3.87 3.18 3.80 4.13 3.36
3.41
3.91 3.77 4.01 3.79 3.75 4.04 3.98 3.63 3.78 3.79
4.31 3.71 4.14 4.33 3.75 3.85 4.28 3.76
3.84
3.84 3.66 3.92 3.64 3.55 3.96 3.87 3.48 3.77 3.64
4.30 3.40 4.06 4.27 3.57 3.87 4.28 3.52
3.68
Prices Received for Sorghum Grain – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt)
Arkansas 1 ....................................... Kansas ............................................ Louisiana 1 ....................................... Missouri 1 ......................................... Nebraska ......................................... Oklahoma ........................................ Texas .............................................. United States ...................................
(S) 5.46
(S) 5.83 5.38 5.88 6.21
5.53
(NA) 5.79 (NA) (NA) 5.73 6.29 6.26
5.88
(NA) 5.55 (NA) (NA) 5.58 6.00 6.28
5.64
(NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Monthly estimates discontinued in September 2019.
14 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Soybeans – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
Arkansas ......................................... Illinois .............................................. Indiana ............................................ Iowa ................................................ Kansas ............................................ Kentucky ......................................... Louisiana ........................................ Michigan ......................................... Minnesota ....................................... Mississippi ...................................... Missouri .......................................... Nebraska ........................................ North Carolina ................................. North Dakota ................................... Ohio ................................................ South Dakota .................................. Tennessee ...................................... Wisconsin ....................................... United States ..................................
8.80 8.72 8.60 8.49 7.78 8.67 8.82 8.37 8.36 8.80
8.48 8.00 8.58 8.03 8.67 7.90 8.70 8.28
8.36
8.92 8.89 8.94 8.50 8.30 8.89 8.85 8.78 8.33 8.82
8.75 8.31 8.81 7.96 8.97 8.31 8.94 8.53
8.60
9.00 8.96 8.94 8.50 8.24 9.06 8.85 8.68 8.49 8.91
8.76 8.17 8.57 8.00 9.13 8.30 9.05 8.39
8.59
Prices Received for Dry Beans – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt)
California ........................................ Colorado ......................................... Idaho ............................................... Michigan ......................................... Minnesota ....................................... Nebraska ........................................ North Dakota ................................... United States ..................................
(D) 27.20 22.80 25.80 27.70
(D) 23.60
25.90
(D) (D)
20.30 28.10 34.00
(D) 24.20
27.20
53.30 34.90 23.90 32.00
(D) (D)
25.00
28.80
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 15 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per pound) (dollars per pound) (dollars per pound)
Alabama .......................................... Arkansas ......................................... Florida ............................................. Georgia ........................................... Mississippi ....................................... New Mexico ..................................... North Carolina ................................. Oklahoma ........................................ South Carolina ................................. Texas .............................................. Virginia ............................................ United States ...................................
Prices Received for Sunflower – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt)
Kansas ............................................ Minnesota ........................................ North Dakota ................................... South Dakota ................................... United States ...................................
(D) 18.40 16.90 16.10
17.00
(D) (D)
16.80 17.70
17.40
17.00 (D)
18.40 17.50
17.90
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Canola – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt)
Minnesota ........................................ Montana .......................................... North Dakota ................................... Oklahoma ........................................ United States ...................................
(D) 13.20 16.20
(S)
16.10
(D) 13.60 14.20
(S)
14.20
(D) 13.60 14.40
(S)
14.40
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Flaxseed – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel) (dollars per bushel)
North Dakota ................................... United States ...................................
10.20
10.20
9.05
9.05
8.68
8.68
16 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February]
State
Cotton, Upland Cottonseed
November 2018
October 2019
November 2019
November 2018
October 2019
November 2019
(dollars per pound) (dollars per pound) (dollars per pound) (dollars per ton) (dollars per ton) (dollars per ton)
Alabama ............................ Arizona .............................. Arkansas ............................ California ........................... Georgia .............................. Louisiana ........................... Mississippi ......................... North Carolina .................... Tennessee ......................... Texas ................................. United States .....................
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
Item November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
Cotton, Upland Average price ..................................... dollars/pound Marketings 1 .......................................... 1,000 bales Rice, all Average price .......................................... dollars/cwt Marketings 2 ..............................................1,000 cwt Rice, long Average price .......................................... dollars/cwt Marketings 2 ..............................................1,000 cwt Rice, medium and short California Average price .......................................... dollars/cwt Other States 3 Average price .......................................... dollars/cwt United States Average price .......................................... dollars/cwt Marketings 2 ..............................................1,000 cwt
0.729 2,208
12.60 13,271
10.90 9,491
19.90
11.90
17.00 3,780
0.591 1,405
12.60 15,243
11.50 11,566
18.40
11.70
16.00 3,677
0.597 2,131
12.90 12,290
11.60 8,511
17.50
11.60
15.90 3,779
1 Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas.
2 Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3 Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 17 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Hay by Type – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
State
All hay Alfalfa hay Other hay
November 2018
October 2019
November 2019
November 2018
October 2019
November 2019
November 2018
October 2019
November 2019
(dollars per
ton) (dollars per
ton) (dollars per
ton) (dollars per
ton) (dollars per
ton) (dollars per
ton) (dollars per
ton) (dollars per
ton) (dollars per
ton)
Arizona ........................... California ........................ Colorado ......................... Idaho .............................. Illinois ............................. Iowa ................................ Kansas ........................... Kentucky ......................... Michigan ......................... Minnesota ....................... Missouri .......................... Montana ......................... Nebraska ........................ Nevada ........................... New Mexico .................... New York ........................ North Dakota .................. Ohio ................................ Oklahoma ....................... Oregon ........................... Pennsylvania .................. South Dakota .................. Texas ............................. Utah ................................ Washington .................... Wisconsin ....................... Wyoming ........................ United States ..................
(NA) Not available. 1 5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk
produced during the previous month). 2 For October 2019, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For November 2019, includes California, Idaho, New York,
Texas, and Wisconsin.
18 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: November 2018 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85]
Commodity, State,
and type
FOB packed fresh
Equivalent returns
Packinghouse door On-tree
All Fresh Process All Fresh Process
(dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box)
Grapefruit California ........................................... Florida, all ......................................... White ............................................. Red ............................................... Texas ................................................ United States .................................... Lemons Arizona ............................................. California ........................................... United States .................................... Oranges California, all ..................................... Navel and miscellaneous .............. Valencia ........................................ Florida, all ......................................... Early and mids .............................. Valencia ........................................ Texas, all .......................................... Early and mids .............................. Valencia ........................................ United States ....................................
(D)
39.10 45.20 38.30 37.80
36.70
(D) 52.30
53.00
32.90 32.90
(S) 34.30 34.30
(S) 32.80 32.80
(S)
33.10
23.60 23.83 26.47 23.41 18.40
23.77
(D) 37.85
38.24
20.60 20.60
(S) 14.26 14.26
(S) 16.35 16.35
(S)
18.58
(D)
28.49 34.55 27.65 26.20
27.02
(D) 42.07
42.75
22.78 22.78
(S) 22.95 22.95
(S) 21.20 21.20
(S)
22.80
(S)
13.08 13.00 13.10
(D)
13.08
(D) (D)
(D)
(D) (D) (S)
10.50 10.50
(S) (D) (D) (S)
8.25
21.14 20.81 23.50 20.39 16.84
20.89
(D) 31.36
31.76
17.76 17.76
(S) 11.00 11.00
(S) 14.56 14.56
(S)
15.61
(D)
25.69 31.75 24.85 24.59
24.32
(D) 35.42
36.10
19.96 19.96
(S) 19.55 19.55
(S) 19.37 19.37
(S)
19.90
(S)
9.58 9.75 9.55 (D)
9.58
(D) (D)
(D)
(D) (D) (S)
7.30 7.30
(S) (D) (D) (S)
5.09
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 19 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: October 2019 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85]
Commodity, State,
and type
FOB packed fresh
Equivalent returns
Packinghouse door On-tree
All Fresh Process All Fresh Process
(dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box)
Grapefruit California .......................................... Florida, all ......................................... White ............................................ Red ............................................... Texas ................................................ United States .................................... Lemons Arizona ............................................. California .......................................... United States .................................... Oranges California, all ..................................... Navel and miscellaneous .............. Valencia ........................................ Florida, all ......................................... Early and mids .............................. Valencia ........................................ Texas, all .......................................... Early and mids .............................. Valencia ........................................ United States ....................................
(D)
37.30 37.00 37.30
(S)
34.60
(D) 51.10
51.70
29.30 (D)
25.90 28.60 28.60
(S) (S) (S) (S)
29.20
10.08 22.77 20.28 23.03
(S)
16.67
(D) 34.84
35.77
14.82 (D)
10.36 14.88 14.86
(S) (S) (S) (S)
14.83
(D)
26.63 26.35 26.65
(S)
24.91
(D) 40.67
41.28
19.10 (D)
15.78 17.25 17.25
(S) (S) (S) (S)
18.86
(D) (S) (S) (S) (S)
(D)
(D) (D)
(D)
(D) (D) (D) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)
(D)
6.80
19.85 17.36 20.11
(S)
13.58
(D) 28.29
29.21
11.92 (D)
7.47 11.53 11.50
(S) (S) (S) (S)
11.87
(D)
23.83 23.55 23.85
(S)
22.22
(D) 33.89
34.50
16.25 (D)
12.96 13.85 13.85
(S) (S) (S) (S)
15.94
(D) (S) (S) (S) (S)
(D)
(D) (D)
(D)
(D) (D) (D) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)
(D)
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
20 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: November 2019 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85]
Commodity, State,
and type
FOB packed fresh
Equivalent returns
Packinghouse door On-tree
All Fresh Process All Fresh Process
(dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box) (dollars per
box)
Grapefruit California ........................................... Florida, all ......................................... White ............................................. Red ............................................... Texas ................................................ United States .................................... Lemons Arizona ............................................. California ........................................... United States .................................... Oranges California, all ..................................... Navel and miscellaneous .............. Valencia ........................................ Florida, all ......................................... Early and mids .............................. Valencia ........................................ Texas, all .......................................... Early and mids .............................. Valencia ........................................ United States ....................................
(D)
34.00 33.50 34.00 34.40
33.50
(D) 51.20
52.30
32.60 32.60
(S) 28.50 28.50
(S) 27.20 27.20
(S)
31.90
23.45 18.20 15.55 18.45 16.13
18.17
(D) 35.65
36.28
19.59 19.59
(S) 12.26 12.26
(S) 12.89 12.89
(S)
18.08
(D)
23.31 22.85 23.35 22.80
23.14
(D) 40.77
41.83
22.28 22.28
(S) 17.15 17.15
(S) 15.60 15.60
(S)
21.35
(S)
6.51 4.15 6.80 (D)
3.96
(D) (D)
(D)
(D) (D) (S) (S) (S) (S) (D) (D) (S)
(D)
20.94 15.19 12.58 15.43 14.57
15.86
(D) 29.06
29.70
16.68 16.68
(S) 8.94 8.94
(S) 11.09 11.09
(S)
15.18
(D)
20.51 20.05 20.55 21.19
20.87
(D) 33.99
35.05
19.40 19.40
(S) 13.75 13.75
(S) 13.77 13.77
(S)
18.47
(S)
2.99 0.90 3.25 (D)
1.51
(D) (D)
(D)
(D) (D) (S) (S) (S) (S) (D) (D) (S)
(D)
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Hops – States and United States: 2017-2019 State 2017 2018 2019
(dollars per pound) (dollars per pound) (dollars per pound)
Idaho ............................................... Oregon ............................................ Washington ..................................... United States ..................................
5.00 5.00 5.80
5.60
5.30 5.40 5.50
5.46
5.25 5.50 5.80
5.68
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 21 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for All Milk – States and United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies]
State November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
Price Fat test Price Fat test Price Fat test
(dollars per cwt) (percent) (dollars per cwt) (percent) (dollars per cwt) (percent)
Arizona ................................ California ............................. Colorado .............................. Florida ................................. Georgia 1 ............................. Idaho ................................... Illinois .................................. Indiana ................................ Iowa ..................................... Kansas ................................ Michigan .............................. Minnesota ............................ New Mexico ......................... New York ............................. Ohio ..................................... Oregon ................................ Pennsylvania ....................... South Dakota ....................... Texas .................................. Utah ..................................... Vermont ............................... Virginia ................................ Washington ......................... Wisconsin ............................ United States .......................
1 Beginning in June 2019, Georgia was added to the monthly price program.
Prices Received for Milk Cows – States and United States: October 2019 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory]
State October 2018 July 2019 October 2019
(dollars per head) (dollars per head) (dollars per head)
Arizona ............................................ California ......................................... Colorado .......................................... Florida ............................................. Georgia 1 ......................................... Idaho ............................................... Illinois .............................................. Indiana ............................................ Iowa ................................................. Kansas ............................................ Michigan .......................................... Minnesota ........................................ New Mexico ..................................... New York ......................................... Ohio ................................................. Oregon ............................................ Pennsylvania ................................... South Dakota ................................... Texas .............................................. Utah ................................................. Vermont ........................................... Virginia ............................................ Washington ..................................... Wisconsin ........................................ United States ...................................
1 Beginning in June 2019, Georgia was added to the quarterly milk cow price program.
22 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Parity Price Overview
Parity prices, based on data from January 2017, and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed are
presented in the tables on the following pages. Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A,
Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and
1956.
The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of
computation is as follows:
a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2017,
the 10-average includes the years 2007-2016). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments
resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those
commodities for which applicable.
b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding
calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to
give an "adjusted base price".
c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices
Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100).
Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This
means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the
United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered
separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937
provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present
legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this
Act.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 23 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service]
1 Parity prices began January 2015. 2 Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3 Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national
averages are the support prices. 4 Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states.
24 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Commodity Parity Prices – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations]
Commodity and unit Adjusted
base price
Parity price
November 2018
October 2019
November 2019
(dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars)
Field crops and miscellaneous Hops ............................................................................ pound Mustard seed ................................................................... cwt Rapeseed ........................................................................ cwt Rye ............................................................................. bushel Safflower .......................................................................... cwt Spearmint oil ................................................................ pound Sweet potatoes ................................................................ cwt Tobacco Flue-cured, 11-14 ..................................................... pound Fire-cured, 21-23 ...................................................... pound Burley, 31 ................................................................. pound Maryland, 32 ............................................................ pound Dark air-cured, 35-37 ............................................... pound Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 ........................................ pound Non-citrus fruit Apples, processing 1 2 ....................................................... ton Apricots Fresh 3 .......................................................................... ton Dried (California) ........................................................... ton Avocados 2 3 ...................................................................... ton Cherries Sweet ............................................................................ ton Tart 2 ........................................................................ pound Cranberry 2 4 ................................................................. barrel Dates (California) 3 ............................................................ ton Grapes (California) Raisin variety 5 .............................................................. ton Wine, processing ........................................................... ton Kiwifruit 2 ........................................................................... ton Nectarines, fresh (California) 3 ........................................... ton Olives, canning (California) 4 ............................................. ton
0.406 3.15 2.64
0.628 2.19 1.75 2.06
0.187 0.257 0.184 0.173 0.229 0.201
20.30
128.00 313.00 198.00
210.00 0.030 3.55
184.00
147.00 75.90
105.00 78.50
111.00
11.60 97.90 80.20 18.60 66.10 51.00 60.20
5.43 7.49 5.31 5.04 6.73 5.78
596.00
3,570.00 9,230.00 5,900.00
6,340.00
0.944 114.00
4,690.00
4,340.00 2,120.00 3,100.00 2,150.00 3,130.00
12.10 93.90 78.70 18.70 65.30 52.20 61.40
5.57 7.66 5.48 5.16 6.82 5.99
605.00
3,810.00 9,330.00 5,900.00
6,260.00
0.894 106.00
5,480.00
4,380.00 2,260.00 3,130.00 2,340.00 3,310.00
12.10 94.10 78.90 18.80 65.40 52.30 61.50
5.59 7.68 5.50 5.17 6.84 6.00
606.00
3,820.00 9,350.00 5,910.00
6,270.00
0.896 106.00
5,500.00
4,390.00 2,270.00 3,140.00 2,340.00 3,320.00
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 25 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Commodity Parity Prices – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations]
Commodity and unit Adjusted
base price
Parity price
November 2018
October 2019
November 2019
(dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars)
Non-citrus fruit - continued Papayas (Hawaii) ......................................................... pound Peaches Fresh 4 6 ........................................................................ ton Dried (California) 1 5 ...................................................... ton Processing, excludes dried Clingstone (California) 4 .......................................... ton Pears, Fresh 6 ................................................................... ton Plums (California) equivalent on-tree Fresh 7 .......................................................................... ton Prunes, dried (California) 1 2 5 ........................................... ton Strawberries Fresh 10 .................................................................... pound Processing ............................................................... pound Sugar crops Sugar beets 2 8 .............................................................. ton Sugarcane 2 8 ................................................................ ton Tree nuts 9 Almonds ...................................................................... pound Hazelnuts ......................................................................... ton Pistachios .................................................................... pound Walnuts ............................................................................ ton Vegetables, fresh 10 Carrots 11 ......................................................................... cwt Cauliflower 11 ................................................................... cwt Celery 11 ........................................................................... cwt Honeydew melons ........................................................... cwt Lettuce ............................................................................. cwt Onions 11 .......................................................................... cwt Tomatoes ........................................................................ cwt
0.045
103.00 43.30
39.20
63.90
74.50
178.00
9.82 3.74
5.10 3.50
0.253 237.00 0.244
236.00
2.82 4.66 2.05 2.04 2.52 1.41 4.01
1.24
2,870.00 1,270.00
1,120.00
1,870.00
2,020.00 5,040.00
283.00 107.00
150.00 102.00
7.14 6,930.00
6.99 6,960.00
82.00 135.00 58.40 59.60 71.70 41.60
119.00
1.34
3,070.00 1,290.00
1,170.00
1,900.00
2,220.00 5,300.00
293.00 111.00
152.00 104.00
7.54 7,060.00
7.27 7,030.00
84.00 139.00
61.10 60.80 75.10 42.00
119.00
1.34
3,080.00 1,290.00
1,170.00
1,910.00
2,230.00 5,320.00
293.00 112.00
152.00 105.00
7.56 7,080.00
7.29 7,050.00
84.20 139.00 61.20 60.90 75.30 42.10
120.00
1 Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2 Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3 Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4 Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5 Dried basis. 6 Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale
for other states. 7 Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 8 Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment
payments not included. 9 Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10 FOB shipping point price. 11 Includes some processing.
26 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Reliability of Prices Received Estimates
Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The
average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash
receipts for the commodity.
Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about
1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance
of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States
production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from
AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and
livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also
excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private
marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities.
Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight
average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales.
Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in
Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent
historic estimates.
Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year
Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices.
Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one
percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for
non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures
approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to
such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in
coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling
errors.
Program Changes: After the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics (C-FARE) 2009 program review which
included changes in farm production practices, plans were implemented to make necessary program improvements in the
agricultural price program. The index group structure for prices received was modified to maintain a more universal structure
and consistency with the required 1910-1914 series.
Modifications implemented January 2014 include the following: updated the current 1990-1992 base reference period to
2011; linked the 1910-1914 series to the updated base reference period, 2011; created index groups used universally by
researchers, data users, and policymakers; and re-classified agricultural commodities into the index groups. Also the
modifications expanded the commodity coverage for vegetable, melon, non-citrus, and tree nuts; updated monthly market
weights; and adjusted (normalized) current five year moving average cash receipts and farm input cost weights.
Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an
annual index.
The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent.
The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number.
See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 27 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
November Prices Paid by Farmers
The November Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at
110.4, is up 0.3 percent from October 2019 and 0.5 percent from November 2018.
Production: The November index, at 106.5, is up 0.4 percent from October but 0.5 percent lower than November last
year. Higher prices for feeder cattle, herbicides, supplements, and feeder pigs more than offset lower prices for feed
grains, other machinery, mixed fertilizer, and concentrates.
Feed: At 102.0, the November index was unchanged from October but up 2.9 percent from last November. Since October,
higher prices for supplements and hay and forages offset lower prices for feed grains and concentrates.
Livestock and poultry: The November index, at 101.6, increased 2.2 percent from October but decreased 3.3 percent
from a year ago. Compared to last month prices are higher for feeder cattle and feeder pigs. The November feeder cattle
price, at $143.00 per cwt, is up $3.00 per cwt from the October price. November feeder pigs averaged $113.00 per cwt, up
$7.00 per cwt from October.
Fertilizer: The index for November, at 63.4, is unchanged from October but 8.5 percent below November a year ago.
Since October, higher prices for nitrogen offset lower prices for mixed fertilizer as well as potash and phosphate.
Chemicals: The November index, at 97.7, is up 1.9 percent from October but down 4.4 percent from last November.
Fuels: At 69.2, the November index is up 1.8 percent from October but down 5.9 percent from November 2018.
Compared with October, prices are higher for LP gas and diesel but lower for gasoline.
Machinery: The index for November, at 125.8, decreased 0.1 percent from October but increased 1.9 percent from last
November. Compared with last month, prices are lower for other machinery but higher for self-propelled machinery.
Consumer Price Index: The November 2019 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 2.1 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 257.208 (1982-1984=100).
For the month, the index decreased 0.1 percent prior to seasonal adjustment.
28 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
Prices paid by farmers for commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates (PPITW) ......................................... Production ........................................... Feed ............................................... Livestock and poultry ....................... Seeds .............................................. Fertilizer .......................................... Chemicals ....................................... Fuels ............................................... Supplies and repairs ....................... Autos and trucks ............................. Machinery ....................................... Building materials ............................ Services and rent ............................ Services .......................................... Rent ................................................ Interest 1 ............................................. Taxes 2 ................................................ Wage rates ......................................... Family living-CPI 3 ............................... Production, interest, taxes, ...................... and wage rates (PITW) .......................
2972 2226 1092 2075 3885 834 918
2055 1340
3229 7539 2723 2477 (NA) (NA)
4288 6952 9260 2394
3087
2980 2208 1124 1963 3800 763 862
1901 1356
3228 7696 2744 2495 (NA) (NA)
4422 7119 9612 2445
3085
2987 2216 1124 2006 3800 763 878
1937 1356
3230 7689 2736 2495 (NA) (NA)
4422 7119 9612 2443
3094
109.8 107.0 99.1
105.1 118.2 69.3
102.2 73.5
113.6
105.0 123.4 117.1 (NA)
114.8 119.5
117.6 117.1 129.3 112.1
109.5
110.1 106.1 102.0 99.4
115.6 63.4 95.9 68.0
114.9
105.0 125.9 118.0 (NA)
116.2 119.5
121.3 120.0 134.2 114.4
109.4
110.4 106.5 102.0 101.6 115.6 63.4 97.7 69.2
114.9
105.1 125.8 117.6 (NA)
116.1 119.5
121.3 120.0 134.2 114.4
109.7
Ratio (received/paid) ............................... Parity ratio 4 ............................................ Parity ratio adjusted 5 .............................. PPITW adjusted for productivity 6 .......................................
(NA) Not available. 1 Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2 Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3 Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4 Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5 Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is updated annually. 6 PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 29 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average]
Index Group
Relative weights Indexes (2011=100)
2018 2019 November
2018 October
2019 November
2019
(percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)
Production items ................................................... Feed ................................................................. Feed grains ................................................... Complete feeds ............................................. Hay and forages ........................................... Concentrates ................................................ Supplements ................................................. Livestock and poultry ........................................ Feeder cattle ................................................. Feeder pigs ................................................... Milk cow replacements .................................. Poultry .......................................................... Seeds ............................................................... Field crops .................................................... Grasses and legumes ................................... Fertilizer ............................................................ Mixed fertilizer ............................................... Nitrogen ........................................................ Potash and phosphate .................................. Chemicals ......................................................... Herbicides ..................................................... Insecticides ................................................... Fungicides and other .................................... Fuels ................................................................ Diesel ........................................................... Gasoline ....................................................... LP gas .......................................................... Supplies and repairs ......................................... Supplies ........................................................ Repairs ......................................................... Autos and trucks ............................................... Autos ............................................................ Trucks ........................................................... Machinery ......................................................... Tractors ........................................................ Self-propelled ................................................ Other machinery ........................................... Building materials ............................................. Services ............................................................ Custom rates ................................................ Other services ............................................... Rent .................................................................. Cash ............................................................. Share ............................................................ Interest ................................................................. Taxes ................................................................... Wage rates ........................................................... Family living-CPI ...................................................
30 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Feed Price Ratios – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons
Feed price ratio 1 November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2 .......................................................... Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in value to 1 dozen eggs 3 ...................................................................................... Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of hog, live weight ........................................................................... Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4 ..................................................................... Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, live weight ...................................................................................................... Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5 .............................................................
5.2
11.7
13.5
2.21
33.7
6.0
4.1
4.7
12.8
2.39
28.4
7.0
4.0
13.2
13.0
2.61
31.3
7.6
1 Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat.
2 The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans.
3 The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans.
4 The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa.
5 The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat.
Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service]
Item November 2018 October 2019 November 2019
(dollars) (dollars) (dollars)
Broilers, live ......................................................................... pound Eggs, market ........................................................................ dozen Hogs, all ................................................................................... cwt Milk, all ..................................................................................... cwt Steers and heifers .................................................................... cwt Turkeys, live ......................................................................... pound Corn .................................................................................... bushel Hay, alfalfa ................................................................................ ton Soybeans ............................................................................ bushel Wheat, all ............................................................................ bushel
0.490 0.945
46.20 17.20
115.00 0.530
3.41
173.00
8.36 5.23
0.405 0.406
49.10 19.90
109.00 0.639
3.84
179.00
8.60 4.45
0.390 1.12
48.00 21.00
115.00 0.674
3.68
173.00
8.59 4.39
Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock – United States: November 2019 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service]
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 31 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Paid by Farmers and Ranchers for Beef Cattle Production The 2019 Prices Paid Index for Beef Cattle Production is 1,034 percent of its 1964-1968 base, up 4.1 percent from the
previous year and 7.4 percent from two years ago.
The data presented in the following tables are calculated and published for use by the United States Forest Service, United
States Department of Agriculture and the Bureau of Land Management, United States Department of the Interior in
computing Public Land Grazing Fees.
The Index of Prices Paid by Farmers and Ranchers for Beef Cattle Production input items is for the period of
November through October. The components of this index include the production indexes of Fuels, Supplies & Repairs,
Autos & Trucks, Tractors & Self Propelled Machinery, Other Machinery, Building Materials, Interest, Wage Rates, and
Farm Services & Rent. These components are weighted to the overall index value by their importance in the cost of
producing beef cattle. The weights are prescribed by Federal Regulation Title 43, Subpart 4100 and Executive
Order 12548.
Prices Paid Index for Beef Cattle Production, 1964-1968 Base – United States: 2017-2019 [Average for November through October grazing season]
Index 2017 1 2018 2 2019 3
(percent) (percent) (percent)
Beef Cattle Production ..................... 963 993 1,034
1 November 2016 through October 2017 2 November 2017 through October 2018 3 November 2018 through October 2019
Prices Received for Beef Cattle – Selected Regions: 2017-2019 [Average for November through October grazing season]
State 2017 1 2018 2 2019 3
(dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt) (dollars per cwt)
17 Western States 4 ......................... 16 Western States 5 ......................... 11 Western States 6 ......................... 9 Great Plains States 7 ...................
116.76 116.02 112.36 118.09
114.30 113.46 109.89 115.61
114.49 114.08 110.21 115.63
1 November 2016 through October 2017 2 November 2017 through October 2018 3 November 2018 through October 2019 4 17 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon,
South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 5 16 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon,
South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 6 11 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 7 9 Great Plain States: Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming.
32 Agricultural Prices (December 2019) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates
Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce
agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total
producer expenditures for the item.
Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and
ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate
in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by
farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production
input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the five business days centered at the 15th of the
month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed.
Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey.
Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure
data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and
Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for
individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes
referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor
supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics
(BLS) indexes.
Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision
must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March
when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change.
Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors.
However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent.
Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in
interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the
survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors.
Program change: Effective January 2014, the National Agricultural Statistics Service modified the five-year moving
weights and updated the base reference period. In January 2015, publication of preliminary prices was suspended, and the
annual average index was replaced by an annual index.
As of January 2014, the 1990-1992 base reference period was updated to 2011. Five-year moving average weights are
adjusted (normalized) to minimize the effects of price changes. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by statute for
computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 2011=100 indexes. The new indexes were
constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights.
Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an
annual index.
The April 2015 program update discontinued publication of the annual March survey prices paid data.
The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent.
The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number.
See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details.
Agricultural Prices (December 2019) 33 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
