TOPIC: AGRICULTURE AND AGRIBUSINESS

Prof. Msc Bardha Gashi

Made by : • Florid Franca• Fatbardha

Nurqaj • Dilona Avdijaj• Visar Sadrijaj• Nurane

Balidemaj

Seminar

MË: 01.11.2016

INTRODUCTION

Agriculture and Agribusiness Agriculture and its application throughout history

• Agricultural engineering• Agriculture in the western Balkans

Main cultivations• Agriculture in the economy

Agribusiness • The impact on the economy• Development• Management

WHAT CAN WE DO ?

AGRICULTURE AND AGRIBUSINESSAgriculture is the production, processing, marketing, and use

of foods, fibers and byproducts from plants, crops and animals. 

Agribusiness is the study of business that is involved in these industries. Born and introduced in 1957 at Harvard University by Davis and Goldberg  (Obst, W. J., Graham, R., & Christie, G. (2007). Financial Management for Agribusiness. Collingwood, VIC: Landlinks Press.)

AGRICULTURE AND ITS APPLICATION THROUGHOUT HISTORY

The history of agriculture is the story of humankind's development and cultivation of processes for producing food, feed, fiber, fuel, and other goods by the systematic raising of plants and animals.

The knowledge and skill of learning to care for the soil and growth of plants occurred 10,000 or more years ago.  ("History of Agriculture." http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/History_of_agriculture. Date n/a.)

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERINGAgricultural engineers use engineering principals and techniques to

research and design machinery, buildings, roads, and electricity delivery systems. They also design measuring and recording equipment for testing soils or the effects of light and humidity on plants and animals. (Institute for Career, R. (2001). Careers in Farming, Agriculture-- Agribusiness. [Chicago, Ill.]: Institute for Career Research.)

AGRICULTURE IN THE BALKANSIt’s a crucial sector of the Western Balkans economy. Just as much as

it’s important it’s also been neglected during the transitional years.The Balkans are characterized by fragmented territories and

heterogeneous areas: cities that look towards Europe contrast with a forgotten rural countryside, often the site of stories about marginalization, migration, communities left to their own devices and lost opportunities. (Caucaso, O. B. (n.d.). Agriculture and rural areas in the Western Balkans: Status update. Retrieved July 14, 2011, from http://www.balcanicaucaso.org/eng/Areas/Bosnia-Herzegovina/Agriculture-and-rural-areas-in-the-Western-Balkans-status-update-95798)

MAIN CULTIVATIONSGrain is the main crop and occupies an important quota of arable land:

approximately 40% in Albania, almost 50% in Kosovo, over 50% in Bosnia-Herzegovina, over 60% in Croatia, Macedonia and Serbia. In Montenegro potatoes and vegetable crops make up respectively 30% and 20% of arable land. The rest is vegetables and industrial crops (oilseed) (Caucaso, O. B. (n.d.). Agriculture and rural areas in the Western Balkans: Status update. Retrieved July 14, 2011, from http://www.balcanicaucaso.org/eng/Areas/Bosnia-Herzegovina/Agriculture-and-rural-areas-in-the-Western-Balkans-status-update-95798)

AGRICULTURE IN THE ECONOMYAgricultural sector plays a strategic role in the process of economic

development of a country. The agriculture sector is the backbone of an economy which provides the basic ingredients to mankind and now raw material for industrialization.

So basically agriculture contributes in many ways, and some of them are:

1. Contributes to National Income2. It’s a source of food supply3. Uses a lot of manpower (more people are employed)4. Creation of Infrastructure, etc.

(Caucaso, O. B. (n.d.). Agriculture and rural areas in the Western Balkans: Status update. Retrieved July 14, 2011, from http://www.balcanicaucaso.org/eng/Areas/Bosnia-Herzegovina/Agriculture-and-rural-areas-in-the-Western-Balkans-status-update-95798)

AGRIBUSINESSAgribusiness has long been recognized as an important component of

the economy, especially for the sector’s contribution to export earnings. Agribusiness is the sector involved in the production, processing and distribution of agricultural goods and services, and it includes all related activities.

(Obst, W. J., Graham, R., & Christie, G. (2007). Financial Management for Agribusiness. Collingwood, VIC: Landlinks Press.)

THE IMPACT ON THE ECONOMYAs with other business sectors, agribusiness fights to overcome the

impact of declining terms of trade where rising costs are not matched with rising prices. Agribusiness is also experiencing a reduction in available resources due to urbanization of food production areas. This means that as the world’s population increases, greater pressure is placed on the food production sector to increase output within social constraints and with diminishing resources.

(Obst, W. J., Graham, R., & Christie, G. (2007). Financial Management for Agribusiness. Collingwood, VIC: Landlinks Press.)

AGRIBUSINESS DEVELOPMENT Agribusiness denotes the collective business activities that are

performed from farm to fork. It covers the supply of agricultural inputs, the production and transformation of agricultural products and their distribution to final consumers.

Agribusiness is characterized by raw materials that are mostly perishable, variable in quality and not regularly available.

Traditional production and distribution methods are being replaced by more closely coordinated and better planned linkages between agribusiness firms, farmers, retailers and others in the supply chains.

(Agribusiness development. (n.d.). Retrieved date n/a, from http://www.fao.org/ag/ags/agribusiness-development/en/)

AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENTAgribusiness management is aimed at developing analytical and

cognitive skills of micro and small rural entrepreneurs to cope with decision-making and problem-solving for their enterprises. Support could be for entrepreneurs dealing with farms and agro-industries on an individual or associative basis.

T h e r e i s n o s i n g l e d e fi n i t i o n o f m a n a g e m e n t :HENRY FAYOL- “ To manage is to forecast, to plan, to organize, to

command coordinate and to control ”.Freederick Winslow Taylor- “ Management is knowing exactly what you

want men to do and then seeing that they do it at the cheapest way ”.

Mary Parker – “ Management is the art of getting things done through people ”.

http://www.slideshare.net/teshale/distinctive-features-of-agribusiness-management-and-the-importance-of-good-management-29481118 Dec 24, 2013 by Teshale Endalamaw

QUALITIES OF GOOD MANAGEMENT Some of the skills that are need to be a good manager are:

Technical: the ability to perform specific tasks and to have certain knowledge.

Conceptual: ability to see the “big picture” . Human relations: leadership, motivation, coaching, moral building,

communication, etc.

http://www.slideshare.net/teshale/distinctive-features-of-agribusiness-management-and-the-importance-of-good-management-29481118 Dec 24, 2013 by Teshale Endalamaw

WHAT CAN WE DO?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdtLAJLl-zE

Untitled1.wmv

http://www.science.uq.edu.au/agriculture-agribusiness http://

www.balcanicaucaso.org/eng/Areas/Bosnia-Herzegovina/Agriculture-and-rural-areas-in-the-Western-Balkans-status-update-95798

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdtLAJLl-zE http://www.economicsdiscussion.net/economic-development/role-of-

agriculture-in-the-economic-development-of-a-country/4652 Google images on agriculture EBSCOhost (online eBooks)

Careers on farming: Agriculture and Agribusiness (By: Institute for Career Research. Series: Institute Research, no. 53. [Chicago, Ill.] : Institute for Career Research. 2001. eBook., Database: eBook Collection (EBSCOhost))

Financial Management for Agribusiness (By: Obst, W. J.; Graham, Rob; Christie, Graham. Collingwood, VIC : Landlinks Press. 2007. eBook., Database: eBook Collection (EBSCOhost)).

REFERENCES