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Victorian

Food and Fibre Export PerformanceReport

2016-17

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DisclaimerThis publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence, which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.Authorised by the Victorian Government Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport & Resources (DEDJTR)1 Spring Street Melbourne Victoria 3000Telephone (03) 9208 3333October 2017Printed by DEDJTRISSN 1832-2905 (print) ISSN 2202-9311 (pdf)© Copyright State of Victoria. Except for any logos, emblems, trademarks, artwork and photography this document is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Australia licence. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This document is also available in PDF and accessible Word format at http://agriculture.vic.gov.au/agriculture/food-and-fibre-exportsFor the purpose of this report, ‘food and fibre’ is defined as including agriculture, fishing, forestry, textile, clothing and footwear and food and beverage products for human and animal uses.

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ContentsMinister’s foreword 4

Overview 5Victorian food and fibre export performance 2016–17 5

Export performance by industry 10Case study: Establishing sustainable market access for nectarines to China 10Meat 11Animal fibre 12Grain 13Dairy 14Prepared foods 15Horticulture 16Forest products 18Textile, clothing and footwear 20Skins and hides 21Wine 22Animal feed 23Seafood 24

Export performance by Market 25Case study: Vietnam — an untapped opportunity for Victorian food and fibre exporters 25

Key markets of interest 27China 27Japan 29USA 31New Zealand 33India 35Indonesia 37Hong Kong 39Malaysia 41Vietnam 43South Korea 45Singapore 47United Arab Emirates 49Thailand 51

Key regions of interest 53North Asia 53South-East Asia 54North America 55Middle East and North Africa 56South Asia 58

Definitions and Data 59Definitions 59Data 59

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Minister’s forewordOn behalf of the Victorian Government, I am pleased to present Victoria’s latest food and fibre export performance report. These figures show that Victorian food and fibre exports have lifted by six per cent in 2016–17 to a record $12.8 billion.

As Australia’s largest food and fibre exporter, Victoria accounts for 25 per cent of national food and fibre exports. A key strength of the sector is its diversity, with a number of industries doing well in 2016–17, and key export regions such as North Asia and South-East Asia continuing to grow strongly.

In 2016–17, Victoria accounted for 79 per cent of Australia’s dairy exports, 55 per cent of wool exports, 46 per cent of horticultural exports and 38 per cent of prepared food exports.

Strong growth in exported prepared foods was consistent with the innovation shown by more Victorian businesses, which are creating new products and seizing value-adding opportunities.

Grains achieved an all-time record harvest, with export earnings up by 87 per cent.

Citrus exports rose, table grapes and almond exports made up 63 per cent of all horticulture exports from Victoria, and wine exports continued to perform strongly.

The dairy and beef sectors faced challenges in 2016–17 with lower global prices, however sheep meat export values increased with high demand from a range of markets including record purchases by the USA, UAE and China.

The Victorian Government is focused on implementing the Food and Fibre Sector Strategy, as well as a number of actions to increase exports, build capacity and strengthen connections with customers.

Our $20 million Food Source Victoria Program is continuing to provide assistance to Victorian agri-food producers to boost exports and jobs and we have supported many important projects through the $200 million Agriculture Infrastructure and Jobs Fund, such as electronic identification for our sheep and goat industries.

Victoria continues to work with the Commonwealth Government to help industry access new markets. We celebrated the new Market Access Protocols for nectarines to China with the first shipment in November 2016, valued at $6.8 million. The Victorian Government will continue working closely with the summer fruit industry to grow markets with the Taste Australia program.

The Victorian Government also plays an important role in supporting the food and fibre sector by facilitating private industry investment, an expanded trade mission program and strong Victorian Government domestic and international trade and investment office network. In October 2017, the Government hosted more than 150 international delegates at Food and Beverage Trade Week, from key growth markets across Asia, the Middle East and the Americas.

This report highlights the diversity of the Victorian food and fibre sector and the importance of exports from this sector to the Victorian economy. I congratulate all of our food and fibre producers, manufacturers and exporters for their hard work, resilience, innovative spirit and significant contribution to the state of Victoria.

I look forward to working with the sector to make next year an even more successful one.

The Hon. Jaala Pulford MP

Minister for Agriculture Minister for Regional Development

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OverviewVictorian food and fibre export performance 2016–17

Victorian food and fibre exports

$12.8b an increase of $720 million (up 6 per cent)

Victoria’s food exports

$9ban increase of $538 million (up 6 per cent)

Fibre products

$3.7ban increase of $182 million (up 5 per cent)

Grain exports

87 % The majority of the increase can be attributed to wheat exports growing by $802 million (up 54 per cent)

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Victoria

25%of Australia’s total food and fibre exports

Largest state exporter. Victoria’s share of food exports was

24% of Australia’s total food exportsand

29% of Australia’s fibre exports

Prepared foods

12%to be valued at $1.5 billion.

The majority of the increase was in food preparations including soups, broths, and sauces and dietary foods

Meat

Victoria’s largest food and fibre export valued at $2.4 billionSheep meat was the highest value meat product at just over $1 billion increasing by $89 million from the previous year

Animal fibre

Victoria’s second largest food and fibre export valued at $ 1.8 billion.Wool exports account for 95 per cent of this total.

Fine and medium wool categories had the largest increases. Excellent seasonal conditions along with high wool prices contributed to the increase in export values

Dairy

Victoria’s third largest food and fibre export valued at $1.7 billion

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Table 1. Australian food^ and fibre^ exports by state of origin (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)State of Origin 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total

A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol A$ Vol

Victoria 10,927 12,190 12,153 10,113 12,252 9,029 12,112 8,544 12,833 11,224 720 6% 25%

New South Wales 8,041 10,132 7,514 6,415 7,968 5,741 8,350 5,602 9,742 9,306 1,392 17% 19%

Queensland 7,628 6,859 7,894 4,912 9,177 5,042 9,074 5,375 9,695 6,774 621 7% 19%

Western Australia 5,783 13,473 6,330 11,957 6,564 12,533 6,527 12,016 7,093 13,484 566 9% 14%

South Australia 4,470 6,270 5,055 6,790 5,444 6,511 5,547 6,320 5,884 7,488 337 6% 12%

Others*** 2,327 6,453 3,982 16,383 4,571 16,496 4,707 16,321 4,858 20,060 150 3% 10%

Tasmania 721 1,277 774 607 759 645 844 583 872 1,183 27 3% 2%

Australia Total 39,896 56,654 43,703 57,175 46,735 55,996 47,162 54,762 50,977 69,520 3,815 8% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015-16 data and 2016-17 data. Volumes are in gross weights.*** Others refers to export data from the Australian Capital Territory, Northern Territory, re-exports and exports for which no state details are released for

confidentiality reasons.1. Unless otherwise specified, dollar values quoted in the body of this report have been rounded to the nearest million, or to the nearest single decimal

place where expressed in billions.2. Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry and TCF exports are covered by confidentiality agreements.3. The Australian Bureau of Statistics did not publish state-level detail for woodchip exports in 2016-17 due to confidentiality restrictions. Total Australian

woodchip exports in 2016-17 were valued at $1,083 billion.4. Further, no state-level details are provided for the $2.1 billion of barley exported from Australia in 2016-17 due to confidentiality restrictions, nor for a

further $114 million of other cereals including oats, rice and lupins. Victoria produces roughly a quarter of Australia’s total barley crop, as well as significant quantities of oats and lupins.

Table 2. Victorian food^ and fibre^ exports by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Industry 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


Meat 1,716 443 2,338 540 3,113 608 2,756 521 2,446 437 -311 -11% 19%

Animal fibre 1,417 278 1,426 278 1,641 335 1,649 217 1,835 225 186 11% 14%

Grain^ 2,187 5,280 1,972 4,595 1,365 3,011 967 2,178 1,806 4,529 839 87% 14%

Dairy 1,866 556 2,293 525 2,028 565 1,868 591 1,754 556 -114 -6% 14%

Prepared foods** 884 256 907 242 957 228 1,322 265 1,486 270 164 12% 12%

Horticulture 586 281 871 301 908 294 1,188 351 1,102 374 -86 -7% 9%

Forest products^ 723 4,252 688 2,798 696 3,173 720 3,538 833 3,985 113 16% 6%

TCF^† 532 235 543 225 355 138 418 146 433 167 15 4% 3%

Skins and hides 462 182 532 190 551 211 512 187 409 169 -103 -20% 3%

Wine 197 94 182 78 200 88 251 122 290 132 39 16% 2%

Animal feed 214 328 229 339 256 373 265 412 235 370 -30 -11% 2%

Seafood 141 4 170 4 181 4 197 17 204 12 7 4% 2%

Victoria Total 10,927 12,190 12,153 10,113 12,252 9,029 12,112 8,544 12,833 11,224 720 6% 100%

^ Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry and TCF exports are affected by confidentiality agreements. * $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015-16 and 2016-17 data. Volumes are shown in gross weights.** Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one

food production industry.† TCF includes: cotton for textiles

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Food ExportsTable 3. Victorian food^ exports by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

Industry 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


Meat 1,716 443 2,338 540 3,113 608 2,756 521 2,446 437 -311 -11% 27%

Grain^ 2,187 5,280 1,972 4,595 1,365 3,011 967 2,178 1,806 4,529 839 87% 20%

Dairy 1,866 556 2,293 525 2,028 565 1,868 591 1,754 556 -114 -6% 19%

Prepared foods** 884 256 907 242 957 228 1,322 265 1,486 270 164 12% 16%

Horticulture 586 281 871 301 908 294 1,188 351 1,102 374 -86 -7% 12%

Wine 197 94 182 78 200 88 251 122 290 132 39 16% 3%

Seafood 141 4 170 4 181 4 197 17 204 12 7 3% 2%

Victoria Total 7,578 6,914 8,735 6,284 8,752 4,799 8,549 4,044 9,087 6,308 538 6% 100%

^ Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry and TCF exports are affected by confidentiality agreements. * $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015-16 and 2016-17 data. Volumes are shown in gross weights.** Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one

food production industry.

Fibre ExportsTable 4. Victorian fibre^ exports by commodity group (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Animal fibre 1,417 278 1,426 278 1,641 335 1,649 217 1,835 225 186 11% 49%

Forest products^ 723 4,252 688 2,798 696 3,173 720 3,538 833 3,985 113 16% 22%

TCF^† 532 235 543 225 355 138 418 146 433 167 15 4% 12%

Skins and hides 462 182 532 190 551 211 512 187 409 169 -103 -20% 11%

Animal feed 214 328 229 339 256 373 265 412 235 370 -30 -11% 6%

Victoria Total 3,348 5,275 3,418 3,830 3,499 4,230 3,563 4,499 3,745 4,916 182 5% 100%

^ Export figures need to be used with caution. Some grain, forestry and TCF exports are affected by confidentiality agreements. * $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015-16 and 2016-17 data. Volumes are shown in gross weights.† Cotton for textiles has been included in TCF throughout the historical years, making up $208 million in 2016-17

Table 5. Victorian food^ and fibre^ exports by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Destination 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


China 2,631 3,207 2,947 3,169 2,932 3,075 3,218 3,291 3,642 4,063 424 13% 28%

Japan 1,016 2,040 831 348 966 762 990 746 936 575 -54 -5% 7%

United States 459 179 646 218 1,139 279 961 198 826 204 -135 -14% 6%

New Zealand 720 443 677 414 677 380 736 318 708 452 -28 -4% 6%

India 204 121 312 184 353 183 308 92 630 667 322 105% 5%

Indonesia 623 1,068 632 685 573 419 555 483 561 548 6 1% 4%

Hong Kong 314 118 389 130 420 124 498 122 502 118 5 1% 4%

Malaysia 413 434 489 276 468 289 404 291 419 386 15 4% 3%

Vietnam 205 264 335 339 326 314 351 262 396 525 45 13% 3%

South Korea 312 402 369 405 402 388 400 337 392 348 -9 -2% 3%

Singapore 384 200 468 195 438 211 348 129 354 152 6 2% 3%

United Arab Emirates 449 481 383 230 348 128 315 110 318 145 2 1% 2%

Thailand 284 207 369 274 317 220 245 179 271 303 26 11% 2%

Taiwan 202 197 248 268 234 216 233 213 242 213 10 4% 2%

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Philippines 131 138 154 145 171 143 145 113 187 348 43 29% 1%

Belgium 158 266 36 58 14 19 41 60 164 276 123 297% 1%

Bangladesh 90 105 111 69 86 42 77 51 155 150 77 100% 1%

Papua New Guinea 123 162 127 148 142 134 125 116 131 114 6 5% 1%

Italy 105 18 154 29 126 27 148 37 127 26 -21 -14% 1%

Germany 83 100 104 124 57 24 83 32 117 145 34 41% 1%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015-16 and 2016-17 data. Volumes are shown in gross weights.

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Export performance by industryCase study: Establishing sustainable market access for nectarines to China Stephen Baud, Market Engagement Manager – Food and Fibre, Trade VictoriaMartin Bluml, Portfolio Manager – Horticulture, Agriculture Victoria ResearchJennifer Chaput, Senior Policy Officer, Agriculture Victoria

New market accessIn May 2016, Australia successfully gained market access for nectarine exports to China. The Victorian Government worked closely with the summer fruit industry and the Australian Government for more than a decade to contribute to this significant market access accomplishment.

The nectarine import protocol provided a number of significant breakthroughs, including the recognition of pest-free areas on mainland Australia and a range of export treatments that make export to China more commercially viable. Nectarine exports also benefited from a reduced tariff in China at the beginning of 2017, down from 10 per cent to four per cent, as a result of the China–Australia Free Trade Agreement (CHAFTA).

Following release of the new protocol, the Victorian Government worked with the summer fruit industry and contributed significant resources to support summer fruit producers and exporters in capitalising on this important new market opportunity.

Chinese consumer market preferencesIn late 2016, the Minister for Agriculture and Regional Development, the Hon Jaala Pulford, launched the nectarine market access protocol in Shanghai alongside representatives from Summerfruit Australia Limited (SAL) and Hort Innovation. The launch was complemented by targeted, in-store retail promotions and e-commerce platforms to introduce and promote Australian nectarines to Chinese consumers. These programs were delivered under the ‘Now! In Season’ promotional campaign by Trade Victoria, which will be known as ‘Taste Australia’ for the planned promotions in the upcoming 2017–18 season.

Trade Victoria and SAL conducted consumer surveys in three Chinese cities to determine preferred nectarine varieties, purchasing behaviours and packaging impacts. Chinese consumers showed a clear preference for the sweet flavour of white nectarines, purchased individually to allow the fruitto be picked up, touched and smelled prior to purchase. A strong preference for yellow/gold flesh nectarines was evident in the senior demographic. Taste was the primary driver for Chinese consumers to purchase nectarines whereas expense, short shelf life and not-in-season were identified as barriers to purchasing.

Agriculture Victoria Research and partners SAL and Hort Innovation continue to conduct research to improve both nectarine yield and quality, but with a clear focus on developing orchard management practices that enable fruit to be grown to Chinese market specification. This research will support the delivery of premium quality nectarines that meet size, colour, sweetness, texture and firmness criteria. Real-time monitoring technologies were also trialled during the first nectarine shipments to China in 2017, with a view to developing web-based systems that track, monitor and predict nectarine quality and shelf life at retail destination.

Ensuring export readinessAgriculture Victoria worked with SAL and the Australian Government to support growers and pack houses to be export-ready during the first growing season. Hort Innovation also supported the summer fruit industry through an export readiness and market access project, providing a key industry capability in the trade space. Agriculture Victoria delivered crop monitor training sessions and information workshops to industry and conducted export readiness visits. The visits provided advice to growers and pack houses on their level of compliance with the import protocol prior to formal Australian Government audits. This level of support continues during the 2017–18 season to ensure market access for nectarines to China is maintained.

Victoria’s nectarine exports were valued at $15.4 million (4,873 tonnes) during 2016–17. Victoria accounted for 85 per cent of all Australian nectarine exports during this time. China was the largest export destination for Victorian nectarines, with exports valued at $6.8 million in the first year, making up 44 per cent of all nectarine exports.

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MeatLucy Ridley, Market Analyst, Agriculture Food and Fibre DivisionVictorian meat exports were valued at over $2.4 billion in 2016–17, down $311 million from 2015–16. The USA, China and Japan remained the most valuable markets for Victorian meat.

The state’s beef industry is recognised for its premium grass-fed beef and feeder cattle and is a major exporter of lean manufacturing beef.

China has been a strong growth market for beef in recent years but competition is now intensifying from lower-cost South American producers such as Brazil. Brazil has gained market access for beef to the USA and this has potential impact on Victoria’s supply of lean manufacturing beef to the USA. In 2016–17, Victoria’s export volumes of lean manufacturing beef to the USA declined by 33 per cent.

Overall, constrained domestic supplies for beef, currency fluctuations and variable production trends in major importing countries contributed to the decline in beef exports. However, high production levels over recent years have slowed and lower levels of supply were the main contributor to the decline in trade.

Victoria accounts for over 40 per cent of Australia’s total lamb production and is one of the world’s largest sheep meat exporters.

In 2016–17, sheep meat exports overtook beef exports as the number one meat export from Victoria, valued at just over $1 billion. The USA market has experienced strong demand for lamb, with a greater presence in retail and food service sectors. Victorian lamb exports to the USA were up 23 per cent in 2016–17 and have almost tripled over the last five years.

Meat & Livestock Australia (MLA) data shows that in Victoria over 24 per cent of lamb processed in the last three years was for the whole carcase market (bagged) and was destined mainly for Middle Eastern markets. The only other state trading in this market at significant levels is Western Australia.

Table 6. Value of Victorian meat exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Product 2012-

132013-

142014-

152015-

162016-

17 $ change* % change* % total


Sheep meat Total 688 170 896 184 1,061 201 954 186 1,043 171 89 9% 43%

Lamb fresh or frozen 495 102 633 111 741 125 675 116 764 115 89 13%

Live animals 19 10 11 5 18 3 10 3 5 <0.5 -5 -49%

Sheep meat fresh or frozen 175 58 253 68 302 74 270 67 274 56 5 2%

Beef Total 653 159 1,022 227 1,554 278 1,314 218 906 148 -408 -31% 37%

Fresh or frozen 652 159 1,007 224 1,498 265 1,214 196 889 143 -324 -27%

Live animals 1 0 15 3 55 13 100 22 17 5 -83 -83%

Offal Total 136 48 174 61 198 65 183 53 167 49 -16 -9% 7%

Alternative meat Total 67 17 97 20 105 19 97 15 133 17 36 37% 5%

Fresh or frozen 67 17 96 20 104 19 95 15 133 17 38 39%

Live animals <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other prepared meat products Total 73 11 63 10 112 12 100 13 88 13 -12 -12% 4%

Animal fats Total 63 19 48 13 43 11 60 18 65 19 5 9% 3%

Pig meat Total 16 7 16 6 20 6 32 7 24 6 -8 -25% <0.5%

Fresh or frozen 15 6 14 5 17 5 29 6 22 5 -7 -26%

Prepared or preserved 2 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 <0.5 <0.5

Poultry Total 18 13 23 18 21 16 16 11 19 14 2 14% <0.5%

Eggs 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fresh or frozen 15 12 21 18 20 16 15 11 17 14 1 8%

Live animals <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 89%

Total 1,716 443 2,338 540 3,113 608 2,756 521 2,446 437 -311 -11% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.Meat exports from Victoria were valued at $2.4 billion in 2016–17, a decrease of $311 million (down 11 per cent) from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 19 per cent of Australia’s meat exports. Beef exports from Victoria decreased in value by 31 per cent to $906 million, accounting for 37 per cent of Victoria’s total meat exports. Sheep meat exports were valued at just over $ 1 billion in 2016–17, up $89 million (9 per cent) from 2015–16. The USA was the largest destination for Victorian meat exports valued at $623 million, followed by China at $226 million and Japan at $225 million.

Animal fibre11

Jane Court, Knowledge Broker, Meat and Wool Services, Agriculture VictoriaVictoria’s animal fibre exports were valued at $1.8 billion in 2016–17, up 11 per cent on the previous year and the volume was up by four per cent, reflecting good seasonal conditions, higher prices and strong market demand, particularly for fine and superfine wool.

The three largest markets for Victorian wool are China, India and Italy and the value of exports to these markets increased in 2016–17. Singapore is a strong volume buyer of lower value wool, and this market rose in value by 40%.

The 2016–17 year saw strong demand for wool with continued strengthening of prices for fine and superfine wool, which exceeded the peaks seen in 2011. The Eastern Market Indicator (EMI) finished the season at 1522 c/kg, 211 c/kg higher than at the same time last year. Prices for 18 micron wool and finer finished over 500 c/kg higher than last year. At the broad end of the scale, strong wools (greater than 28 micron) continued to drop from their peak in 2015. The reasons proposed for the diversion of the micron prices reflect global supply and demand. Globally, as in Victoria, there was an increase of sheep production for sheep meat, leading to a drop in production of apparel wool. China, as the largest importer of raw wool, has reduced its imports of interior textile wool over Merino wool and so, is supporting the demand for the finer and medium wool types, according to Chris Wilcox, Poimena Analysis.

Victoria is Australia’s second largest wool-producing state, after New South Wales, producing 22 per cent of the national clip in the 2016–17 season. Good seasonal conditions resulted in an increase in wool production nationally as well wool cut per head.

Meat & Livestock Australia reported a decrease in lamb and mutton slaughter for 2016–17 as producers strive to rebuild Merino flocks in response to good seasonal conditions, and capitalise on high Merino wool prices and low grain prices. This is reflected in increased production of fine and medium wool in Victoria in contrast to the drop in coarse wools, which is also likely to be driven by retention and release of wool in these micron categories to capitalise on price.

There has been a gradual and ongoing shift from wool to prime lamb production in Victoria, leading to both a decrease in the proportion of Merinos but also a shift in breeding focus from fine wool to reproduction and resilient traits to support meat production. However, the increased production of Merino wool in 2016–17 coupled with lower mutton slaughters indicates some confidence in the wool industry.

Table 7. Value of Victorian animal fibre exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Product 2012-

132013-

142014-

152015-

162016-



Wool Total 1,328 188 1,315 174 1,525 197 1,614 183 1,791 188 177 11% 98%

Fine wool# (<19 µm) 548 69 626 77 735 89 827 88 952 90 125 15%

Medium wool (20–23 µm) 601 79 512 62 569 69 588 62 689 70 101 17%

Coarse wool A (24–27 µm) 104 21 104 19 128 22 111 17 89 14 -23 -20%

Coarse wool B (>28 µm) 75 18 73 16 93 18 87 16 61 14 -26 -30%

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0%

Wool grease and wastes Total 75 88 98 97 101 128 27 32 36 35 9 34% 2%

Other animal fibres Total 5 1 10 6 14 9 4 1 4 1 0 5% 0%

Yarn products Total 10 1 4 1 1 <0.5 4 1 3 1 0 -11% 0%

Raw silk Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0%

Total 1,417 278 1,426 278 1,641 335 1,649 217 1,835 225 186 11% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.# Classification of wool products is based on the AWEX Sheep Breed Compendium, 2010

Animal fibre exports from Victoria were valued at $1.8 billion in 2016–17, an increase of $186 million (11 per cent) from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 53 per cent of Australia’s animal fibre exports. Total wool exports were valued at $1,791 billion, making up 98 per cent of animal fibre exported. Fine wool (<19 µm) exports were valued at $952 million. Exports of medium wool (20–23 µm) were valued at $689 million. Exports of coarse wool A (24–27 µm) were valued at $89 million and coarse wool B (>28 µm) were valued at $61 million. Exports to China were valued at $1.3 billion in 2016–17. Other significant markets included India ($149 million) and Italy ($90 million).

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GrainBrian Kearns, Market Engagement Manager, Trade VictoriaVictoria has an established grains industry producing a range of cereal, oilseed and pulse crops, which are almost all rainfed. In 2016–17, the state benefited from a near perfect season, with good spring rainfall to achieve an all-time record grain harvest. Export volumes were also at record levels, although there was a reduction in exports of processed grain such as malt and milled product. The entire continent also had a record harvest.

Grain produced by Victoria includes wheat, barley, canola, oats and pulses — particularly lentils, faba beans, chickpeas and field peas. Smaller amounts of lupins, broad beans, vetch, maize and triticale are also grown. All of these are exported, but only very small quantities of lupins, vetch and triticale.

In terms of total volume exported, Victoria exports less than the other states (except Tasmania), contributing 15 per cent of Australia’s wheat, 22 per cent of pulses, 16 per cent of oilseeds, mostly canola and a high proportion of barley, the state totals for bulk barley being confidential. Western Australia produces the largest quantity of grain, particularly wheat.

Grain processing is a significant value-adding activity in Victoria, comprising oilseed crushing, sizing and splitting of pulses and malting, milling crushing and rolling of cereals. Export volumes tend to be consistent given processing capacity constraints and total export value fell due to cheaper grain prices because of high Australian and world production.

The most significant export markets for Victorian wheat are South-East Asian countries and most of these markets substantially increased import of wheat, particularly Vietnam, Indonesia and the Philippines. India, a sporadic buyer, also purchased a very large quantity, from very small volumes in previous years.

The fall in import volumes from the Middle East and Africa reflected cheaper grain being offered by competitors, particularly Russia and the Ukraine. These countries and other competitors such as Argentina will continue to increase their competition as farms and supply chains continue to modernise.

A generally favourable start to the 2017 grain growing season in Victoria and good rainfall in late winter has provided the possibility of another favourable year for the 2017–18 export period. However, grain prices, for the coming season, particularly for cereals, will still be low due to high world stocks.

Table 8. Value of Victorian grain exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Product 2012-

132013-

142014-

152015-

162016-



Cereals Total 1,079 3,482 1,045 3,143 678 1,963 532 1,563 817 2,986 285 54% 45%

Wheat 1,067 3,447 1,027 3,102 654 1,902 521 1,540 802 2,950 281 54%

Maize 10 27 16 39 14 31 7 14 13 33 6 91%

Other cereals^ <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 2 2 2 1 -1 -28%

Sorghum 2 7 1 2 9 28 2 6 1 2 -1 -73%

Oilseeds Total 802 1,270 535 817 346 559 142 236 447 801 304 214% 25%

Pulses Total 196 330 277 440 213 291 163 190 422 556 260 160% 23%

Processed grain Total 110 198 116 194 128 199 130 189 119 186 -10 -8% 7%

Malt 92 169 97 163 105 168 104 160 95 159 -10 -9%

Milled products 18 29 19 31 23 31 25 29 25 28 -1 -2%

Total 2,187 5,280 1,972 4,595 1,365 3,011 967 2,178 1,806 4,529 839 87% 100%

^ Export figures need to be used with caution as confidentiality agreements apply to some products in some sectors, such as grain (barley, some oilseeds and lupins), forestry and TCF.

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.Grain exports from Victoria were valued at $1.8 billion in 2016–17, an increase of $839 million and up 87 per cent from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 12 per cent of the value of Australian grain exports. Reported wheat exports were valued at $802 million, making up 44 per cent of Victoria’s grain exports. India was the largest market for grain exports valued at $212 million. Other significant markets were Belgium valued at$155 million and Vietnam valued at $140 million. High volumes were produced and exported for most grain commodities.

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DairyTerence Batey, Program Manager, Dairy Services, Agriculture VictoriaNatalie Nelson, Farm Business Economist, Agriculture VictoriaIn 2016–17, dairy in Victoria was characterised by record low milk prices and above average rainfall. Average whole farm earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) increased to $166,878, an improvement from the previous year but still the fifth lowest level recorded over the eleven year history of the Dairy Farm Monitor Project. Regional results in 2016–17 can be most closely compared with those recorded in 2009–10. In 2009–10 milk prices were low because of the impact of the 2008–09 global financial crisis but seasonal conditions and irrigation allocations were good across the state allowing farmers to decrease their overall cost of production, mainly by reducing imported feed costs.

The Victorian dairy industry is vitally important to the Victorian economy especially in regional Victoria; where many of the jobs in production and processing are located. In 2016–17, there were 3,889 dairy farms in Victoria producing 5.77 billion litres of milk (down eight per cent on 2015–16) from 1.2 million cows. The drop in milk production in Victoria reflected overall national performance of the industry which dropped seven per cent from 9.68 billion litres in 2015–16 to 9.01 billion litres in 2016–17. All states except Queensland recorded reduced milk production in 2016–17.

Victorian dairy contributes almost 80 per cent of Australia’s dairy exports with dairy products exported to more than 100 countries. The value of Victorian dairy exports reduced six per cent from the previous year, reflecting lower global prices for key dairy commodities. Milk and cream products ($861 million) and cheese and whey products ($753 million) were again the most valuable dairy export categories, comprising 92 per cent of Victoria’s total dairy export value.

The major markets for Victorian dairy products continue to be China ($211 million in milk and cream products) and Japan ($332 million in cheese and whey products). The value of Victorian milk and cream products also increased in Taiwan, South Korea and Hong Kong, improving by 19 per cent, 30 per cent and 15 per cent respectively. Cheese and whey products also showed strong growth (volume and value) in South Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand.

Forecasts for 2017–18 indicate a steady improvement in milk volumes following the significant impact to dairy farm business finances, herd size and business confidence (where milk price is the biggest concern for dairy farm businesses). Nationally, a two to three per cent increase in milk production is anticipated given improving market settings and a favourable seasonal outlook.

Table 9. Value of Victorian dairy exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Product 2012-

132013-

142014-

152015-

162016-



Milk and cream Total 848 298 1,250 304 1,052 351 927 366 861 351 -66 -7% 49%

Powdered milk and cream 773 234 1,155 228 908 242 756 233 700 212 -55 -7%

Fresh milk and cream 69 62 88 74 135 107 161 131 150 137 -12 -7%

Ice cream 6 1 6 2 9 2 10 2 10 2 1 9%

Cheese and whey products Total 763 191 723 160 747 164 755 182 753 176 -2 0% 43%

Cheese 685 159 648 133 673 136 707 149 700 145 -7 -1%

Whey products 79 32 74 26 74 28 48 33 53 31 5 11%

Butters, fats and oils Total 168 50 224 45 176 38 138 30 95 18 -43 -31% 5%

Yoghurt and fermented milk products Total 42 13 55 12 45 12 40 12 37 10 -3 -7% 2%

Buttermilk 26 9 39 8 29 8 20 8 12 5 -8 -40%

Yoghurt 16 4 16 4 16 4 20 5 25 6 5 26%

Milk extracts (casein) Total 45 4 41 3 9 <0.5 8 <0.5 9 <0.5 1 9% 1%

Total 1,866 556 2,293 525 2,028 565 1,868 591 1,754 556 -114 -6% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.Dairy exports from Victoria were valued at $1.7 billion in 2016–17, a decrease of $114 million (down six per cent) from 2015–16. Volumes also decreased by 35,000 tonnes (down six per cent). Victoria accounted for 79 per cent of national dairy exports. Milk and cream products (worth $861 million) and cheese and whey products (worth $753 million) were the most valuable dairy categories, comprising 92 per cent of Victorian dairy exports. Japan remained the largest export market for dairy exports in 2016–17, valued at $353 million. Dairy exports to China were valued at $327 million, an increase of $10 million (three per cent) from 2015–16.

14

Prepared foodsAnthony Kennedy, Manager Food and Fibre Policy, Sector DevelopmentThe prepared foods sector includes manufactured products, beverage products (alcoholic and non-alcoholic), ingredients (such as sugars, sweeteners and condiments), confectionery, cereal mixes and food preparations.

Victoria dominates production and exports in the Australian prepared food sector, with nearly $1.5 billion worth of exports in 2016–17, up 12 per cent on the previous year. Victoria’s prepared food exports have grown by 67 per cent since 2012–13.

Victoria’s share represents over 38 per cent of Australia’s total prepared food exports. The strong export performance from this sector is underpinned by a broad range of Victorian food manufacturers, ranging from small and medium companies through to multinational companies.

Major export products in this category include cereal based foods ($497 million), food preparations ($689 million) and confectionery ($152 million). Much of the growth of the industry has come from the food preparations segment, which has increased by 16 per cent over the past 12 months and 450 per cent over the past five years.

China has quickly become Victoria’s largest export market for prepared foods valued at $487 million. The Chinese market has been growing strongly over the past five years (around $70 million per annum). In line with this trend is the strong demand being seen from other Asian markets. Six of Victoria’s top export markets are in Asia, with the largest being China, followed by Hong Kong and Japan.

Emerging export opportunities in this sector include businesses that are embracing product innovation and taking advantage of premium pricing, such as the growing consumer preference for bespoke and healthier gourmet items. New sales channels include e-commerce platforms in China and other markets, and businesses developing new innovative products and packaging to help differentiate themselves in global markets.

Table 10. Value of Victorian prepared foods** exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

Product 2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


Other food preparations Total 153 36 168 42 286 49 594 65 689 73 94 16% 46%

Cereal based Total 489 119 452 102 383 83 430 92 497 98 67 16% 33%

Confectionery Total 102 20 147 28 139 27 145 29 152 30 7 5% 10%

Cocoa and cocoa products 77 14 120 22 115 21 120 23 128 24 9 7%

Sweets 25 6 27 7 24 6 25 6 24 6 -1 -5%

Condiments Total 58 16 70 18 83 20 78 19 78 19 0 0% 5%

Sugars Total 45 33 39 26 35 23 43 28 40 26 -3 -7% 3%

Honey 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 5 <0.5 4 <0.5 -1 -24%

Sweeteners 43 33 36 25 31 22 38 27 36 26 -2 -5%

Beverages Total 37 31 31 26 32 27 31 33 28 23 -4 -12% 2%

Cider <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 3 1 5 3 2 1 -3 -64%

Non-alcoholic 18 16 11 12 13 15 13 23 15 26 1 11%

Spirits 19 15 19 13 17 11 13 7 13 8 0 -2%

Total 884 256 907 242 957 228 1,322 265 1,486 270 164 12% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.** Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one

food production industry.Prepared foods exports from Victoria were valued at $1.5 billion in 2016–17, an increase of $164 million (12 per cent) from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 38 per cent of Australia’s prepared foods exports. Exports of food preparations were valued at $689. China was the highest value market for prepared foods, valued at $488 million, followed by New Zealand ($256 million) and Hong Kong ($218 million).

15

HorticultureJenny Treeby, Horticulture Industry Network, Horticulture Services, Agriculture Victoria

The 2016–17 season was characterised by relatively cold, wet weather early on resulting in delayed growth patterns and maturity across most horticulture commodities. Additionally, the north-west Victorian horticultural region was hit by a severe storm cell in early summer, with strong winds and heavy rainfall, and a band of hail cutting a swathe through a significant proportion of the region. The unfavourable weather conditions resulted in horticultural crops being harvested up to four weeks later than usual, more often than not with lower weights and yields. Horticultural export values overall were only minimally affected, mainly due to the continued good performances of citrus and table grapes.

Victoria produced 68 per cent of Australia’s almonds (56,328 tonnes) and exported to 40 countries in 2016–17. Almonds increased their overall yield due to more plantings coming into full production, although average weight was down. The majority of almonds in shell (20,343 tonnes) was exported to India and the majority of shelled almonds (9,783 tonnes) was exported to Spain.

Table grapes had a late season but export of fruit to Asia continued to grow, despite missing some of the earlier and more lucrative markets and having to compete in a saturated market. Table grapes exports were valued at $349 million in 2016–17 accounting for 32 per cent of Victorian horticulture exports, of which 41 per cent were exported to China.

Citrus export volumes increased moderately though there was a substantial increase in export values. This was due in part to a more favorable exchange rate, an excellent crop season and exporters focusing on high-value markets.

The summer fruit industry gained market access for nectarines to mainland China and successfully exported 2,144 tonnes of nectarines from Victoria. Hong Kong was the most valuable export market for stone fruit with exports totalling 3,314 tonnes valued at $16 million.

Victorian vegetable exports grew by 17 per cent in 2016–17. The largest value market for fresh vegetable exports was Japan with 33 per cent of total vegetable exports.

Despite challenging seasonal conditions in 2016–17, Victoria maintained strong horticultural exports valued at $1.1 billion.

Table 11. Value of Victorian horticulture exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

Product 2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16



Fruit (fresh or dried) Total 285 166 352 176 368 179 545 231 556 227 11 2% 50%

Grapes 174 75 227 86 232 87 356 115 366 114 10 3%

Citrus 69 72 80 73 77 69 104 84 120 89 16 16%

Stone fruit 26 10 32 9 42 12 53 14 46 12 -7 -13%

Pome fruit 12 9 10 7 12 8 24 14 15 9 -9 -37%

Other fruit 3 1 3 2 5 2 8 3 9 3 1 15%

Nuts (fresh or dried) Total 141 29 364 54 386 45 462 47 340 51 -122 -26% 31%

Almonds 137 28 361 53 381 45 451 46 330 50 -121 -27%

Other nuts 3 1 3 1 5 0 11 1 10 1 -1 -8%

Oils and extracts Total 35 18 45 18 50 24 54 20 65 38 12 22% 6%

Processed Total 73 40 62 36 53 31 56 32 63 38 7 13% 6%

Vegetables processed 29 17 21 11 19 11 14 7 15 8 2 12%

Fruit and vegetable juices 20 9 11 4 2 1 4 1 4 1 0 3%

Fruit processed 20 9 11 4 2 1 4 1 4 1 0 3%

Vegetables (fresh or dried) Total 36 26 31 14 35 13 48 17 57 19 9 18% 5%

Perennial vegetables 6 2 9 4 11 5 18 10 21 10 2 13%

Leaf vegetables and brassicas 14 20 5 7 3 4 4 2 4 2 0 5%

Roots, tubers and bulbs <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 <0.5 <0.5

Other vegetables 36 26 31 14 35 13 48 17 57 19 9 18%

Coffee, tea, herbs and spices Total 16 2 17 2 17 2 23 2 20 2 -3 -14% <0.5

Total 586 281 871 301 908 294 1,188 351 1,102 374 -86 -7% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.Horticulture exports from Victoria were valued at $1.1 billion in 2016–17, a decrease of $374 million (down seven per cent) from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 46 per cent of the value of Australia’s horticulture exports. Fruit (fresh or dried) was the highest value category, making up 50 per cent of Victorian horticulture exports. Nuts (fresh or dried) were the second most valuable horticulture commodity, making up 31 per cent of horticulture exports. China was the highest value export market for horticulture exports, valued at $203 million in 2016–17. Most exports (71 per cent) were table grapes, which increased by $45 million from 2015–16. India was the second largest

16

horticulture export market for Victoria ($130 million). The third most valuable market was Hong Kong ($86 million).

17

Forest productsSam Hartmann, Senior Policy Analyst, Forest Industries and Game , Agriculture VictoriaVictorian native and plantation timber industries play an important role in the state’s economy. Victorian forest industries bring significant income and employment value to the state through domestic and export sales. In 2015–16, Victoria’s log volume production was 8.17 million m3 (1.30 million m3 from public native forests and 6.87 million m3 from plantations). The logs generated a gross value of $599 million ($112 million from native forests and $487 million from plantations).

Victoria continues to be a strong and growing exporter of forest products. In 2016–17, the value of Victorian forest product exports increased by $113 million (14 per cent), to $833 million1. This reflects national trends of increasing plantation timber production and record highs for forest product exports.

Victoria’s major forest product exports by value are paper and paperboard, roundwood and sawnwood. In 2016–17, paper and paperboard made up around 45 per cent of Victoria’s total reported value of forest product exports, at $376 million, a 10 per cent increase from 2015–16. Victoria’s export growth was mainly driven by increasing roundwood and softwood sawnwood exports. During 2016–17, roundwood exports again experienced strong growth of $68 million (25 per cent), to total $276 million and made up nearly 33 per cent of all Victorian forest product exports. Sawnwood production tripled from $25 million to $75 million from 2015–16 to 2016–17, primarily from growth in softwood rough sawnwood exports from $19 million to $66 million.

Victoria’s forest products are predominantly exported to the Asia–Pacific region. China is Victoria’s largest destination for exports, with the value of exports increasing by $94 million (34 per cent) to $373 million in 2016–17. The value of Victorian forest product exports to China has continued to grow rapidly, now making up 45 per cent of all forest product exports, up from 33 per cent in 2014–15. This has been primarily driven by roundwood exports, which have grown from $73 million to $254 million over the last five years. New Zealand ($145 million) remains the second largest export market, with paper and paperboard exports making up 95 per cent of the value of these exports2.

India experienced significant growth as an export destination with around 380 per cent growth, from $10 million in 2015–16 to $48 million in 2016–17, driven by nearly $40 million extra paper and paper board exports. Exports to the USA declined by 34 per cent to $14.5 million, down from $84 million in 2014–15. This fall is likely attributable to the imposition of import duties on Australian paper exports to the USA.

Table 12. Value of Victorian forest products exports^ by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Product 2012-

132013-

142014-

152015-

162016-



Paper and paperboard Total 337 413 384 462 368 406 338 365 376 469 38 10% 45%

Packaging and industrial 153 252 168 256 162 231 157 216 172 235 15 9%

Printing and writing 113 136 135 151 142 145 126 132 139 205 13 10%

Paper manufactures 53 19 56 45 47 22 42 14 55 26 13 23%

Household and sanitary 18 6 25 10 18 8 12 3 9 3 -3 -32%

Packaging and industrial <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Roundwood Total 79 942 177 1,646 171 1,683 208 2,000 276 2,285 68 25% 33%

Wastepaper Total 86 610 94 626 94 653 106 720 101 663 -4 -4% 12%

Sawnwood Total 29 64 30 61 28 55 25 50 75 566 50 66% 9%

Softwood – roughsawn 22 57 22 53 21 50 19 45 66 557 47 72%

Hardwood – roughsawn 7 6 7 6 6 5 5 4 7 7 3 37%

Hardwood – dressed 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 -1 -33%

Softwood – dressed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wood-based panels Total 4 6 2 1 2 2 4 3 4 2 -1 -14% <0.5%

Plywood 1 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Medium-density fibreboard 2 4 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5

Particleboard 1 1 1 1 <0.5 1 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Hardboard <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 1 1 <0.5 -1 -124%

Veneers <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Softboard and other fibreboards <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other forest products Total 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Pulp Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Paper pulp <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wood pulp <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Woodchips Total^ 187 2,214 0 0 33 373 37 398 0 0 -37 0% <0.5%

Railway sleepers Total <0.5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0%

18

Total 723 4,252 688 2,798 696 3,173 720 3,538 833 3,985 113 14% 100%

^ Export figures need to be used with caution as confidentiality agreements apply to some products in some sectors, such as grain, forestry (woodchips) and TCF.

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.

1 These export figures exclude woodchip exports for consistency across years as the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), due to confidentiality restrictions, has not reported consistent state-level woodchip data since 2013–14. The exclusion of woodchip data leads to significantly lower Victorian export values and volumes. The last complete state-level woodchip data from 2012–13, reported a Victorian export value of $187 million.2 Note that Japan is traditionally the largest export market for Victorian forest products and is under-represented in the data provided, due to the ABS confidentiality restrictions applied to state-level woodchip trade. Japan received over $145 million of reported Victorian forest product exports woodchips in 2012–13, with over 98 per cent of this woodchip exports. Accordingly if woodchip data was available, Japan is likely to be either the largest or second-largest export market by value, potentially changing the rankings of other export destinations.

19

Textile, clothing and footwearBlake Seerey-Lester, Project Officer, Food and FibreAustralia’s textile, clothing and footwear (TCF) manufacturing sector covers diverse industries including synthetic and natural textiles, apparel and carpet. TCF industries are highly exposed to, and driven by, global macroeconomic conditions. This year’s report includes cotton, not carded or combed (HS Code 520.100.00) in ‘Yarn products’ under ‘Textiles’.

Australian cotton is exported to be spun into yarn and fabrics for garment and homewares manufacturing, predominantly in mills located in South-East Asia. Australia is one of the world’s top exporters behind China, the USA, India and Brazil.

Cotton cropping remains firmly based north of the Murray River, where the major areas of production occur in New South Wales and Queensland, and the cotton is transported for export to ports in Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne. However, in recent years variety development, technological management and more efficient agronomics have enabled commercially viable crops to be grown in some parts of northern Victoria.

The 2016–17 year was favourable for Australian cotton exporters, largely due to production deficits in India and Pakistan, following severe multi-year drought and bollworm outbreak. The impact of these domestic shortages is being felt in the textile industries of Bangladesh and India, which have needed to rely upon additional imports from other cotton markets. Victoria’s TCF exports to India and Bangladesh in 2016–17 surged 89 per cent and 72 per cent respectively.

China still remains Australia’s major export destination for cotton. However, projected reduction in Chinese demand is expected to be offset by increasing demand from Bangladesh, India and Vietnam. Reduced profitability in textile manufacturing in China is resulting in global firms looking to countries like Bangladesh, India, Indonesia and Vietnam for cheaper inputs. Combined with increased labour and energy costs, China’s economic transition toward services and away from manufacturing is reducing its comparative advantage, and China is expected to shift from major importer to exporter of cotton in the coming decade as a result.

Table 13. Value of Victorian textiles, clothing and footwear (TCF)^† exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

Product 2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16



Textiles Total † 496 233 503 223 304 135 342 143 368 165 26 7% 85%

Cotton yarns 422 179 432 164 235 75 276 89 302 108 26 9%

Fabrics 71 54 68 59 51 55 57 53 62 57 4 8%

Manchester 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 18 5 9 2 4 <0.5 -5 -51%

Clothing Total 21 1 22 1 31 1 49 1 41 1 -8 -16% 10%

Footwear Total^ 10 1 13 1 13 1 14 1 13 1 -1 -7%

Leather articles Total 5 <0.5 5 1 6 <0.5 11 0 10 <0.5 -1 -6% 2%

Leather articles 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 7 <0.5 8 <0.5 1 15%

Leather apparel 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 2 <0.5 -2 -47%

Woven fabrics Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 532 235 543 225 355 138 418 146 433 167 15 4% 100%

† TCF includes cotton for textiles and is included throughout the historical years, making up $208 million in 2016–17.^ Export figures need to be used with caution as confidentiality agreements apply to some products in some sectors, such as grain, forestry (woodchips)

and TCF.* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.

Textile, clothing and footwear (TCF) exports from Victoria were valued at $433 million in 2016–17, an increase of $15 million (four per cent) from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 17 per cent of Australia’s TCF exports. Textiles including cotton, yarn product and fabrics were the largest export category, making up 85 per cent of TCF exports. Clothing made up 10 per cent of TCF exports from Victoria. New Zealand was the largest market for TCF valued at $78 million, followed by India, valued at $75 million.

20

Skins and hidesLucy Ridley, Market Analyst, Food and FibreIn 2017, the Australian cattle herd totalled 25 million head and the national sheep flock around 75 million head.

Queensland has the most cattle (42 per cent) followed by New South Wales (20 per cent) and Victoria (14 per cent).

In respect of sheep/lamb slaughterings, Victoria accounts for over one third (40 per cent), followed by New South Wales (24 per cent), South Australia (19 per cent), Western Australia (13 per cent), Queensland (two per cent) and Tasmania (two per cent). Victoria accounts for in excess of 42 per cent of the lamb slaughterings.

Skins and hides were an important agricultural export worth $409 million to Victoria in 2016–17. China accounts for 83 per cent of Victoria’s total skins and hides exports. Skins and hides exports from Victoria decreased by 20 per cent from the previous year. According to Meat & Livestock Australia, the decrease in skins and hides exports to China was predominantly the result of plant closures in China due to environmental issues and changes to environmental policy, coupled with a reduction in international demand for leather goods.

Australian hides and skins made up 15 per cent of China’s total hide and skin imports, a market worth around $6 billion. Elimination of tariffs on these products opens significant potential for further growth of Australia’s market share in China. The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade states that Australia’s already large trade in hides, skins and leather products with China will benefit from the China–Australia Free Trade Agreement with tariffs of up to 14 per cent on Australian hides and skins to be eliminated between 1 January 2017 and 1 January 2022.

Table 14. Value of Victorian skins and hides exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Product 2012-

132013-

142014-

152015-

162016-



Sheep skins Total 260 120 273 123 259 132 267 116 240 109 -28 -10% 59%

Cattle hides Total 193 60 253 65 285 76 238 69 164 57 -74 -31% 40%

Other skins and hides Total 9 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 5 2 -1 -19% 1%

Goat Total 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0% 0%

Total 462 182 532 190 551 211 512 187 409 169 -103 -20% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.Skins and hides exports from Victoria were valued at $409 million in 2016–17, a decrease of $103 million (down 20 per cent) from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 43 per cent of Australia’s skins and hides exports. Sheep skins made up 59 per cent of Victoria’s skins and hides exports. China remained the largest value market for Victorian skins and hides exports, valued at $341 million, followed by Italy ($14 million) and India ($14 million).

21

WineJenny Treeby, Horticulture Industry Network, Horticulture ServicesThe 2016–17 season was delayed by around 2–4 weeks due to cooler temperatures, resulting in higher quality grapes and flavour profiles. The national crush increased by 12 per cent overall, based on increases in harvest volumes of Shiraz, Merlot and Cabernet, with Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay the most in demand varietals.

Victorian wine exports rose by 16 per cent in 2016 –17, a $39 million increase, again driven by an increase in red wine sales that accounted for close to three quarters of total sales. 2017 was the third consecutive year of increased tonnages, with average purchase prices also slightly increasing. Victoria is the third largest exporter of wine in Australia after South Australia and New South Wales.

Similar to previous seasons, bottled wine exports had the largest increase reflecting demand for premium Australian wines. While the value and volume across red, white and fortified wines in 2016–17 increased, bulk wine and sparkling wine exports declined.

The leading destination for Victorian wine exports was China, with exports growing by 40 per cent or $34 million on the previous year, with the largest growth in bottled red wine.

Table 15. Value of Victorian wine exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

Product 2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16



Red Total 129 51 120 45 140 58 179 85 215 90 36 20% 74%

Bottle 111 36 108 33 129 48 152 60 195 73 43 28%

Bulk 17 15 12 11 11 10 27 25 20 18 -6 -24%

Cask <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

White Total 46 32 38 25 34 21 44 30 47 34 3 6% 16%

Bottle 29 12 27 11 27 13 30 14 36 24 6 19%

Bulk 17 20 11 14 7 8 13 15 10 11 -3 -22%

Cask <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified Total 3 1 4 1 9 2 9 1 13 3 4 44% 5%

Bottle 2 <0.5 3 1 7 1 8 1 12 3 4 50%

Bulk 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Cask <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling Total 19 11 19 7 17 6 18 6 14 4 -4 -23% 5%

Total 197 94 182 78 200 88 251 122 290 132 39 16% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.Wine exports from Victoria were valued at $290 million in 2016–17, an increase of $39 million from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 12 per cent of Australia’s wine exports. Red wine remained the strongest performer, accounting for 74 per cent of Victoria’s wine exports with a value of $215 million. White wine exports were valued at $47 million and sparkling wine exports were valued at $14 million. China was the highest value market for wine exports from Victoria valued at $121 million (up 40 per cent), followed by the United Kingdom ($37 million) and the USA ($27 million).

22

Animal feedLucy Ridley, Market Analyst, Agriculture Food and Fibre Division, Agriculture VictoriaThe animal feed industry is highly concentrated with the three largest operators making up 80 per cent of industry revenue. The animal feed industry is divided into stock feed and pet food segments.

Most stock feed and pet food is sold on the domestic market, though exports account for a significant share of revenue. In 2016–17, export markets made up around 27 per cent of industry revenue. The industry’s major players tend to be more heavily involved in international trade. Feed for intensively farmed livestock generally includes grain and pellets manufactured from various crops. Stock feed for cattle, sheep and pigs accounts for the largest share of industry revenue and includes the production and supply of soybean meals and hulls, linseed meals, sunflower meals, meat and bone meals, feather meals, yellow grease, wheat bran, alfalfa meals and pellets, oat hulls, and gluten feed and meals.

The stock feed segment generally has a low profit margin due to the simple nature of the product, whereas the pet food segment can attract higher profit margins through value-adding in convenience and premium branding.

Pet food exporters have traditionally benefited from Australia’s reputation as a high quality producer of pet foods. This has meant that pet food destined for export markets has largely been premium product that attracts higher prices and margins than stock feed. However, increasing competition from low-cost producers in other countries has constrained exports over the past five years. Japan is a major market for pet food exports along with Taiwan, New Zealand and South Korea. These countries account for 71 per cent of Victorian exports.

In terms of value, Victoria accounts for 40 per cent of Australian pet food exports and 18 per cent of stock feed exports. Exports of animal feed fell by 11 per cent over the 2016–17 period, due to strong competition from low-cost producers in low-cost countries who are able to source cheaper grains and have lower labour costs.

Table 16. Value of Victorian animal feed exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Product 2012-

132013-

142014-

152015-

162016-



Stock feed Total 143 295 153 306 182 340 188 378 164 339 -25 -13% 70%

Pet food Total 71 33 76 33 75 34 77 34 72 31 -5 -7% 30%

Total 214 328 229 339 256 373 265 412 235 370 -30 -11% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.

Animal feed exports from Victoria were valued at $235 million in 2016–17, a decrease of $30 million (down 11 per cent) from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 21 per cent of Australia’s animal feed exports. Japan remained the highest value market at $67 million, followed by China ($27 million) and South Korea ($26 million).

23

SeafoodBill Lussier, Manager Marine & Estuarine Fisheries, Victorian Fisheries AuthorityMelissa Schubert, Program Manager, Marine & Estuarine Fisheries, Victorian Fisheries AuthorityVictoria produces a diverse range of wild and cultured seafood products including abalone, rock lobster, giant crab, scallops, calamari and finfish, with the latter comprised predominantly of snapper, King George whiting, barramundi and rainbow trout. The abalone, rock lobster, giant crab and scallop wild-catch fisheries are quota managed, with Total Allowable Commercial Catches established annually. Farmed abalone, mussel and barramundi exports are expected to continue to grow with the expansion of aquaculture farms.

11,601 tonnes of seafood valued at $204 million was exported from Victoria in 2016–17. While this is less than the 17,120 tonnes exported in 2015–16, its value grew by $7 million. Victoria is an export hub for much of Australia’s seafood so these values include interstate production.

Vietnam, Hong Kong, China, Singapore and New Zealand remained the dominant export destinations for higher value products. There was, however, a significant decrease in the volumes of seafood exported to Vietnam, Singapore and New Zealand and a marked increase in exports to China.

Ghana imported the largest volume of seafood from Victoria, with 5,819 tonnes. These products were predominantly lower value fish species destined for the international canning market.

Abalone and rock lobster made up the bulk of the remaining seafood products exported from Victoria, which is consistent with previous years. There was however, a noticeable shift in the destination of rock lobster with exports to Vietnam decreasing from 1,092 to 722 tonnes and exports to China increasing from 50 to 590 tonnes.

Table 17. Value of Victorian seafood exports by product category and item (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Product 2012-

132013-

142014-

152015-

162016-



Crustaceans Total 65 1 97 1 111 1 111 1 119 1 7 7% 58%

Lobster 63 1 97 1 111 1 111 1 118 1 7 6%

Other crustaceans 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Prepared or preserved 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Molluscs Total 69 2 65 1 59 1 60 1 69 1 9 15% 34%

Abalone 32 1 36 1 34 1 32 1 44 1 11 35%

Other molluscs 12 1 7 0 8 0 10 0 8 0 -2 -19%

Prepared or preserved 24 <0.5 22 0 17 0 18 0 17 0 -1 -3%

Fish Total 4 1 5 1 7 1 21 14 15 9 -6 -29% 7%

Frozen fish 1 <0.5 1 0 1 1 12 9 6 5 -5 -46%

Live or fresh 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 1 5 1 1 21%

Prepared or preserved 1 <0.5 2 1 3 1 6 4 4 2 -2 -29%

Seafood extracts and oils Total 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 2 <0.5 -3 -64% 1%

Seaweed Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 141 4 170 4 181 4 197 17 204 12 7 4% 100%

* $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.Seafood exports from Victoria were valued at $204 million in 2016–17, an increase of $12 million (four per cent) from 2015–16. Victoria accounted for 15 per cent of Australia’s seafood exports. Crustaceans accounted for 58 per cent of seafood exports from Victoria, valued at $119 million. Mollusc exports were valued at $69 million. Vietnam and China were Victoria’s major seafood markets in 2016–17, valued at $68 million and $52 million respectively.

24

Export performance by MarketCase study: Vietnam — an untapped opportunity for Victorian food and fibre exportersNeil McSkimming, Trade Specialist, Trade Victoria

Vietnam is one of the most attractive retail markets of the member nations of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations), with the highest GDP, an expanding middle class and a relatively youthful population of 90 million. Sixty per cent of the population is aged under 35 years and familiar with global trends and brands.

Strong growth in the food and beverage sectors will see Vietnam becoming an increasingly important market for Victorian food and fibre exporters.

In 2016, retail sales rose 10.2 per cent year-on-year and reached $117.6 billion. There are currently 800 supermarkets and 160 department stores and shopping malls across the country, and this number is forecast to double in the next four years.

Vietnamese demand is expected to grow faster than any other Asian country, including China. Vietnam import levels are high in comparison with other South-East Asian countries, which reflects the increasing integration of the country into the global economy.

The increased purchasing power, demand for foreign products, more Western preferences, and challenges with local supply have potential to drive demand for premium Victorian products such as beef, seafood, temperate fruits, wine and specialist dairy products, which presents opportunities for Victorian exporters.

Currently, the food and fibre segment in Vietnam remains a relatively untapped market for Victoria. In 2015, the Victorian market share was 0.2 per cent of total food exports into Vietnam. The leading export commodities from Victoria to Vietnam currently are seafood (US$85 million), grain (US$77 million), meat (US$30 million) and dairy (US$25 million).

Trade Victoria estimates Victorian exports could grow to approximately US$400 million by 2021 from its current value of US$228 million.

It is a good time for business to explore emerging opportunities and capture the benefits of Vietnam’s economic transformation.

Opportunities in the food and fibre sectorSeafoodThe Vietnamese seafood market is expected to grow 10 per cent per annum in coming years. Demand in Vietnam is growing for high-end seafood such as lobster, salmon and crab due to the increasing influence of Western cuisine.

MeatCompared with other ASEAN countries, Vietnam is a clear leader in terms of meat consumption. In 2016, Vietnamese meat consumption was around 60 kilograms annually per capita. While pork represents more than 70 per cent of meat consumption in Vietnam, beef consumption has been on the rise in recent years with demand for high quality beef cuts from the food service industry increasing with restaurants in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City purchasing full container loads of beef directly from exporters.

HorticultureDemand for temperate fruit and nuts represents good opportunities for exporters, particularly for almonds, grapes, berries, cherries, apples and oranges. New trade opportunities facilitated through Trade Victoria’s in-market promotional activities and collaboration with Austrade and Hort Innovation has strengthened Australian table grape and citrus exports.

DairyMarketing campaigns raising awareness of nutrition from dairy produce have increased dairy consumption. Vietnam imports approximately 70 per cent of its raw milk. In coming years demand could shift from milk and baby food to higher value products such as cheese and butter. Trade Victoria is engaged in strategic activities such as the South-East Asia Dairy Scholarship Program. This is a collaborative program with Dairy Australia.

Prepared foodsThe prepared food industry in Vietnam has been growing consistently reaching US$14.8 million in 2016. Vietnam is mostly self-sufficient in terms of prepared food, with import value only occupying a minor proportion of domestic sales. However Victoria’s exports of prepared foods including cakes, biscuits, breakfast cereals and confectionery products are increasing.

WineVietnam’s wine market is in its infancy though expected to receive a boost in the near future thanks to improvement in consumer purchasing power and awareness. Victoria accounts for 19 per cent of Australia’s wine. Australian wine is currently subject to an 80 per cent tariff, which will be significantly reduced in one step to 20 per cent in 2022 under the Association of South East Asian Nations–Australia–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (AANZFTA).

Grains and animal feedVietnam does not produce wheat and relies entirely on imports for supply. Victoria exports 20 per cent of Australian wheat and in 2016–17, wheat was the highest value food product exported from Victoria. Vietnam is one of the largest markets for animal feed, and was ranked 20th in consumption of animal feed by volume globally requiring 13.2 million tonnes per annum growing to 18.1 million tonnes in 2016.

Paper25

Vietnam’s paper industry is expected to grow strongly in the next five years. Vietnam paper demand is mainly driven by packaging paper, which is a crucial part in its rapidly growing processing sectors. Most paper producers in Vietnam need to import raw materials for their production and this trend is expected to remain for the future.

WoolAustralian Wool Innovation Limited (AWI) has been working on behalf of industry to develop exports to Vietnam, and has set a target for Australian wool growers to supply three per cent (or $810 million) of Vietnam’s $27 billion textiles and garments export market by 2020.

26

Key markets of interestChinaTable 18. Victorian food and fibre exports to China by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

Industry Product 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16

2016-17 % total


Animal fibre Wool 956 144 875 125 1,061 147 1,115 133 1,324 144

Wool grease and wastes 14 18 17 19 17 25 6 10 10 12

Other animal fibres 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5

Yarn products <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal fibre Total 970 162 893 144 1,081 173 1,124 143 1,337 157 37%

Prepared foods** Other food preparations 4 <0.5 10 <0.5 72 7 258 21 330 23

Cereal based 138 30 73 14 53 10 79 8 144 11

Sugars 12 7 12 7 9 5 10 6 7 4

Confectionery <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 5 <0.5

Beverages 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 7 1 <0.5

Condiments <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Non-alcoholic beverages 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Prepared foods Total 158 39 99 25 140 25 352 43 488 40 13%

Forest products^ Roundwood 73 861 149 1,420 154 1,517 189 1,842 254 2,130

Wastepaper 63 484 65 465 58 442 69 511 68 503

Sawnwood 7 12 11 18 9 13 7 11 43 337

Paper and paperboard 7 12 6 8 6 8 8 7 8 9

Wood-based panels 2 3 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Woodchips 44 620 0 0 0 0 4 49 0 0

Other forest products <0.5 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Forest products Total 196 1,993 232 1,911 228 1,981 279 2,421 373 2,980 10%

Skins and hides Sheep 214 102 239 109 228 117 246 106 219 99

Cattle 113 44 162 52 194 64 155 57 121 46

Other skins and hides 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Skins and hides Total 328 148 401 160 422 181 402 164 341 146 9%

Dairy Milk and cream 109 41 276 70 140 74 221 91 211 94

Cheese and whey products 56 16 84 20 81 19 85 24 103 27

Butters, fats and oils 6 2 7 1 11 2 11 2 11 2

Yoghurt and fermented milk products 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Milk extracts 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dairy Total 173 59 368 92 233 95 318 117 327 124 9%

Meat Beef 50 13 140 34 223 50 186 33 98 18

Sheep meat 68 20 133 30 134 29 72 17 76 17

Other prepared meat products 51 6 40 5 52 6 39 7 34 7

Offal 32 6 37 7 35 6 22 5 15 4

Animal fats 7 1 4 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5

Poultry <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Alternative meat 3 <0.5 6 1 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 0 0

Pig meat <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Meat Total 213 46 360 77 448 91 324 62 226 46 6%

Horticulture Fruit (fresh or dried) 14 8 14 9 32 16 128 48 191 70

Nuts (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5

27

Industry Product 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16

2016-17 % total


Processed 2 <0.5 2 1 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 2

Oils and extracts 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 3 <0.5

Coffee, tea, herbs and spices 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Vegetables (fresh or dried) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Horticulture Total 21 10 21 12 38 18 137 50 203 74 6%

Wine Red 49 15 45 15 56 25 77 31 108 33

Fortified 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 8 2

White 4 1 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 1

Sparkling 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 <0.5

Wine Total 56 17 52 17 64 27 87 33 121 37 3%

Grain^ Cereals 119 399 109 338 67 210 49 153 84 333

Oilseeds 132 203 179 273 113 197 10 13 12 31

Processed grain 1 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5 1 1 1 1

Pulses 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 252 603 289 612 181 408 60 168 98 365 3%

Seafood Crustaceans 3 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 4 <0.5 46 <0.5

Molluscs 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 6 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fish 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood Total 5 <0.5 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 9 <0.5 52 <0.5 1%

TCF^ Textiles † 250 117 215 91 71 29 96 37 48 19

Clothing 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Woven fabrics <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Leather articles <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 251 117 217 91 72 29 102 38 50 19 1%

Animal feed Animal feed 7 14 11 26 21 46 25 52 27 75

Animal feed Total 7 14 11 26 21 46 25 52 27 75 1%

Total 2,631 3,207 2,947 3,169 2,932 3,075 3,218 3,291 3,642 4,063 100%

^ Export figures need to be used with caution as confidentiality agreements apply to some products in some sectors, such as grain, forestry and TCF. ** Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one

food production industry.† Cotton for textiles.

28

JapanTable 19. Victorian food and fibre exports to Japan by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)

Industry Product 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 % total


Dairy Cheese and whey products 383 100 311 70 355 79 367 86 332 77

Milk and cream 31 9 25 5 37 10 12 3 15 4

Milk extracts 16 1 20 1 5 <0.5 5 <0.5 3 <0.5

Butters, fats and oils 4 1 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5

Yoghurt and fermented milk products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Total 435 111 359 77 401 90 387 90 353 82 38%

Meat Beef 97 25 122 30 151 29 133 22 134 23

Sheep meat 15 3 25 4 31 5 28 4 34 5

Offal 18 2 21 3 18 3 35 4 31 3

Other prepared meat products 6 1 11 2 18 3 20 3 20 3

Pig meat <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Alternative meat 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Poultry <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal fats 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Meat Total 138 31 181 39 222 40 221 33 225 34 24%

Prepared foods** Other food preparations 26 7 33 11 38 13 38 13 45 14

Confectionery 4 <0.5 34 6 33 7 33 8 36 8

Condiments 17 4 19 4 26 6 26 6 26 6

Cereal based 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 5 <0.5 5 <0.5 5 <0.5

Beverages 1 <0.5 0 0 2 2 1 4 <0.5 <0.5

Sugars <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5




Vegetables (fresh or dried) 15 3 14 3 16 3 20 4 24 5

Processed 19 7 16 7 13 6 12 6 12 5


Coffee, tea, herbs and spices 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Nuts (fresh or dried) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5



Stock feed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 2 1 1 <0.5 <0.5


Grain^ Processed grain 23 43 24 42 28 44 38 51 38 51

Oilseeds 29 44 22 35 14 19 10 18 7 13

Cereals 14 46 <0.5 <0.5 6 16 <0.5 <0.5 7 24

Pulses <0.5 <0.5 1 1 1 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Grain Total 67 133 48 79 48 80 48 71 52 90 6%

Forest products^ Sawnwood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 16 190

Paper and paperboard 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Wood-based panels 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wastepaper 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Other forest products <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Pulp 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

29



Woodchips 144 1,595 0 0 33 373 33 350 0 0

Railway sleepers <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Roundwood <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Forest products Total 145 1,597 2 2 34 375 35 351 17 191 2%

Animal fibre Wool 28 3 9 <0.5 11 1 14 1 8 <0.5

Wool grease and wastes 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5

Yarn products 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibres 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Animal fibre Total 30 3 12 1 14 2 17 1 11 1 1%

Seafood Molluscs 20 <0.5 15 <0.5 11 <0.5 10 <0.5 9 <0.5

Fish 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Crustaceans 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Seafood Total 22 <0.5 16 <0.5 12 <0.5 11 <0.5 9 <0.5 1%

Wine Red 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5

White 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 4

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Sparkling 6 1 3 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 10 3 9 3 5 2 6 2 6 5 1%

TCF^ Textiles † 3 1 9 4 4 2 6 3 4 2

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Woven fabrics 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

TCF Total 3 1 9 4 4 2 6 3 4 2 <0.5%

Skins and hides Sheep 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

Cattle <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other skins and hides 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Skins and hides Total 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 1,016 2,040 831 348 966 762 990 746 936 575 100%



30

USATable 20. Victorian food and fibre exports to USA by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Meat Beef 150 34 266 55 618 93 451 67 304 44

Sheep meat 90 16 136 19 178 27 185 30 205 25

Alternative meat 34 9 40 9 55 10 64 9 94 11

Other prepared meat products 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 29 <0.5 26 <0.5 17 <0.5

Offal 1 <0.5 3 3 3 2 3 <0.5 3 <0.5

Animal fats <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Poultry 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Pig meat 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Meat Total 276 60 447 86 887 133 729 108 623 82 75%


Milk extracts 9 1 4 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 <0.5

Milk and cream 5 2 <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5 5 1 2 <0.5

Butters, fats and oils 13 4 1 <0.5 13 3 10 2 1 <0.5

Yoghurt and fermented milk products <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Dairy Total 39 10 13 3 40 8 44 9 31 6 4%

Horticulture Nuts (fresh or dried) 12 3 24 4 27 4 46 4 14 2

Fruit (fresh or dried) 5 3 5 4 4 2 6 3 7 3

Oils and extracts 2 <0.5 4 1 3 1 3 <0.5 5 <0.5


Processed 4 3 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Vegetables (fresh or dried) 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Prepared foods** Other food preparations 7 <0.5 7 <0.5 10 1 11 1 14 2

Sugars 7 6 9 6 8 6 8 6 7 5

Confectionery <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Cereal based 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 <0.5

Condiments <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Beverages <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5



Wine Red 6 2 6 2 8 3 9 5 18 10

White 9 8 5 3 4 2 5 3 9 5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 16 11 13 6 13 6 15 8 27 15 3%

TCF^ Textiles† 8 1 12 2 11 3 13 3 12 2

Clothing 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 7 <0.5 14 <0.5 12 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5


Woven fabrics <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 9 1 15 2 19 3 29 3 25 2 3%

Grain^ Oilseeds <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 7 6 3 5 20 44

Pulses 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

31

Processed grain <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 8 7 3 5 21 44 2%



Forest products^ Paper and paperboard 48 59 68 78 84 89 22 26 14 19

Sawnwood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wood-based panels <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wastepaper 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Other forest products 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Roundwood <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Forest products Total 48 59 69 78 84 89 22 26 15 20 2%

Animal fibre Wool 9 1 6 <0.5 8 1 8 <0.5 2 <0.5

Yarn products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5

Wool grease and wastes 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 3 4 3 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal fibre Total 9 2 10 5 12 6 9 <0.5 4 <0.5 1%


Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Crustaceans <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seaweed 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Seafood Total 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sheep 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Cattle <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Skins and hides Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 459 179 646 218 1,139 279 961 198 826 204 100%



32

New ZealandTable 21. Victorian food and fibre exports to New Zealand by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Prepared foods** Confectionery 72 15 85 17 74 14 77 15 78 15

Cereal based 102 26 75 17 70 16 101 23 74 18

Other food preparations 63 19 48 17 54 13 89 9 51 10

Condiments 27 8 33 9 34 9 33 9 30 8

Beverages 15 12 11 9 12 9 14 11 12 11

Sugars 10 6 3 2 4 2 7 5 9 6

Non-alcoholic beverages 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1



Wastepaper <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 2

Wood-based panels 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5

Sawnwood 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 1

Other forest products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Pulp 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Roundwood 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0


TCF^ Textiles† 39 6 42 7 53 10 51 9 51 9

Clothing 11 <0.5 10 <0.5 12 <0.5 14 <0.5 15 <0.5

Footwear 5 <0.5 6 <0.5 7 <0.5 9 <0.5 6 <0.5

Leather articles 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 5 <0.5 6 <0.5

Woven fabrics <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 58 7 60 8 76 11 79 10 78 10 11%

Grain^ Cereals 52 167 56 162 48 134 21 57 51 185

Oilseeds 21 17 7 8 14 15 7 7 7 9

Processed grain 2 2 3 5 2 2 2 2 3 4

Pulses <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 75 186 66 175 64 152 31 66 62 198 9%

Horticulture Processed 34 21 27 17 19 13 18 11 18 11

Oils and extracts 12 5 13 5 14 6 15 6 15 6

Fruit (fresh or dried) 16 11 20 12 17 9 14 8 13 7

Coffee, tea, herbs and spices 5 <0.5 6 1 5 <0.5 10 1 9 1

Nuts (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 8 <0.5 5 <0.5

Vegetables (fresh or dried) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5




Butters, fats and oils 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 5 <0.5

Yoghurt and fermented milk products 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Milk extracts <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dairy Total 38 11 37 9 49 13 55 14 38 9 5%

Meat Animal fats 15 1 7 1 12 1 22 1 23 1

Sheep meat 3 2 5 2 6 2 5 2 7 2

Other prepared meat products 9 1 6 1 5 1 4 <0.5 4 <0.5

Beef 2 <0.5 8 1 17 3 6 1 2 <0.5

Pig meat 3 1 3 1 3 1 1 <0.5 2 <0.5

33

Poultry <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Offal <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Alternative meat 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 33 6 31 7 44 8 40 5 38 5 5%



Wine Red 8 4 7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3

White 2 2 2 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 <0.5

Sparkling 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

Wine Total 12 6 10 5 10 4 11 5 11 4 2%

Seafood Fish 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5

Molluscs <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seaweed 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Crustaceans <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood Total 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 <0.5%

Animal fibre Wool 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Yarn products 9 1 4 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wool grease and wastes <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibres 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Raw silk 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal fibre Total 12 2 5 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Other skins and hides 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sheep 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 2 1 <0.5 0 0

Cattle <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Skins and hides Total 5 <0.5 3 1 4 2 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 720 443 677 414 677 380 736 318 708 452 100%



34

IndiaTable 22. Victorian food and fibre exports to India by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Grain^ Pulses 26 49 44 67 27 41 16 19 124 161

Cereals 1 3 <0.5 <0.5 22 70 <0.5 1 83 300

Processed grain 7 10 6 8 6 9 5 7 5 7

Oilseeds <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Grain Total 34 62 50 76 56 119 22 27 212 467 34%

Animal fibre Wool 95 12 111 15 111 14 144 15 149 15

Wool grease and wastes <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Horticulture Nuts (fresh or dried) 53 12 123 22 154 19 105 15 128 22

Fruit (fresh or dried) 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Processed <0.5 <0.5 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Oils and extracts <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Coffee, tea, herbs and spices <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Extracts and oils 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5


TCF^ Textiles† 5 3 7 2 7 3 8 3 74 33

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Woven fabrics 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

TCF Total 5 3 7 2 7 3 8 3 75 33 12%

Forest products^ Paper and paperboard 1 2 <0.5 <0.5 5 8 4 6 44 106

Wastepaper 1 8 3 13 3 14 6 21 5 19

Other forest products 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sawnwood 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wood-based panels 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Roundwood 2 17 6 50 0 0 0 0 0 0


Skins and hides Cattle 5 1 6 1 9 2 12 2 12 2

Sheep <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Goat 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0


Prepared foods** Other food preparations 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Confectionery <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Beverages <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sugars <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Condiments <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Cereal based <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Prepared foods Total 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Dairy Cheese and whey products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Milk and cream <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Dairy Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

35

Animal feed Animal feed 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal feed Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Wine Red <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Meat Sheep meat <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Seafood Seaweed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Fish 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Seafood extracts and oils <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Seafood Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 204 121 312 184 353 183 308 92 630 667 100%



36

IndonesiaTable 23. Victorian food and fibre exports to Indonesia by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)






Butters, fats and oils 4 1 5 1 3 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Milk extracts 9 <0.5 10 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Total 120 35 193 39 197 48 148 50 144 49 26%

Meat Beef 67 16 109 25 123 24 122 22 107 21

Offal 3 <0.5 10 5 12 4 8 2 16 7

Sheep meat 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 7 1 8 1 10 2

Animal fats 12 <0.5 7 <0.5 5 <0.5 6 <0.5 6 <0.5

Other prepared meat products <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Poultry <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Alternative meat <0.5 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 87 19 133 31 148 30 145 27 138 30 25%

Grain^ Cereals 248 815 129 396 33 94 51 160 86 326

Pulses 6 8 10 14 10 11 9 10 9 11

Processed grain 1 <0.5 1 1 1 1 2 2 <0.5 <0.5

Oilseeds 6 3 6 4 8 7 1 1 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 261 827 145 415 52 114 63 174 96 337 17%


Oils and extracts <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 4 3 4 3 5 3

Nuts (fresh or dried) 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5

Processed 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 1 2 1

Vegetables (fresh or dried) 7 11 3 4 1 <0.5 2 1 1 <0.5

Coffee, tea, herbs and spices 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Prepared foods** Cereal based 8 2 19 4 38 7 35 7 42 9

Other food preparations 11 1 9 1 9 <0.5 9 <0.5 7 <0.5

Condiments 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 3 <0.5 5 <0.5

Sugars 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2

Beverages <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Confectionery 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5



TCF^ Textiles† 42 20 35 15 17 7 19 7 26 11

Footwear 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Woven fabrics 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Leather articles <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 42 20 36 15 18 7 20 7 27 11 5%

Forest products^ Wastepaper 16 90 21 115 22 139 19 141 12 55


Wood-based panels <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sawnwood 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

37




Skins and hides Sheep <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Cattle <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1

Other skins and hides 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Skins and hides Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 2 <0.5%

Wine Red 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Seafood Seafood extracts and oils 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Crustaceans 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Molluscs <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Seafood Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Animal fibre Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wool grease and wastes 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Yarn products 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wool 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Animal fibre Total <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 623 1,068 632 685 573 419 555 483 561 548 100%



38

Hong KongTable 24. Victorian food and fibre exports to Hong Kong by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Prepared foods** Other food preparations 4 <0.5 13 3 55 6 140 9 183 12

Cereal based 9 1 6 <0.5 6 <0.5 25 2 22 2

Confectionery 7 1 7 1 9 2 9 2 10 2

Condiments 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5

Beverages 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2

Sugars <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5




Nuts (fresh or dried) 4 <0.5 14 2 8 <0.5 23 2 9 2

Vegetables (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 4 <0.5 6 1

Processed 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5








Dairy Total 61 23 67 23 63 22 63 21 65 20 13%

Meat Offal 22 8 30 8 34 9 33 8 29 7

Sheep meat 15 4 39 10 27 6 9 1 10 2

Beef 7 1 8 1 6 <0.5 10 1 9 <0.5

Poultry 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 <0.5

Pig meat 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5

Other prepared meat products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Animal fats <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Alternative meat <0.5 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 49 18 86 24 75 18 60 13 53 11 11%


Crustaceans 25 <0.5 7 <0.5 5 <0.5 5 <0.5 8 <0.5

Fish 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood Total 54 1 33 <0.5 28 <0.5 28 <0.5 38 <0.5 8%

Wine Red 12 3 12 2 21 2 18 2 21 2

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

White 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Sparkling 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 14 3 14 2 25 3 22 2 23 2 <0.5%


Wastepaper 2 7 <0.5 2 1 8 2 12 3 19

Wood-based panels 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Sawnwood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

39

Other forest products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Roundwood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0


TCF^ Textiles† 7 1 7 <0.5 7 <0.5 6 <0.5 3 <0.5

Clothing 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Woven fabrics <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 9 1 7 <0.5 8 <0.5 8 <0.5 5 <0.5 1%


Stock feed 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Skins and hides Cattle 4 1 5 2 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sheep <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Skins and hides Total 4 2 6 2 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Grain^ Oilseeds <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Cereals <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Processed grain <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Pulses 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Grain Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Animal fibre Wool grease and wastes 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Yarn products 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Wool 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Animal fibre Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 314 118 389 130 420 124 498 122 502 118 100%



40

MalaysiaTable 25. Victorian food and fibre exports to Malaysia by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)






Yoghurt and fermented milk products 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 1

Milk extracts 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dairy Total 102 34 135 35 127 36 117 42 124 45 30%

Meat Sheep meat 25 7 55 13 66 14 60 15 66 13

Beef 30 8 43 10 30 6 30 6 27 5

Offal 5 3 11 4 6 2 5 2 7 3


Animal fats <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Pig meat 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other prepared meat products <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Poultry 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Meat Total 64 19 112 28 105 24 97 24 101 21 24%

Grain^ Cereals 87 275 31 89 44 128 42 123 49 184

Oilseeds 7 6 15 16 8 10 10 17 17 32

Pulses 5 8 5 7 4 6 3 4 5 8

Processed grain 1 2 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 2

Grain Total 99 290 52 113 57 145 56 146 73 227 17%


Other food preparations 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 5 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5

Confectionery 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 4 <0.5

Condiments 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

Beverages <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Sugars <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5



Processed 2 2 2 2 2 <0.5 2 2 4 3

Vegetables (fresh or dried) <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 3 2 3 2



Nuts (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5



Wastepaper 1 8 1 6 1 4 1 7 2 16

Sawnwood 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2

Wood-based panels <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other forest products 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Pulp <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Roundwood 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0


TCF^ Textiles† 8 15 17 20 14 19 12 16 12 20

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

41

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Woven fabrics <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

TCF Total 9 15 17 20 15 19 12 16 13 20 3%


Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5




Stock feed 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Wine Red 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 1 1 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 1 2 <0.5 <0.5%


Seaweed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fish 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Crustaceans <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Seafood Total 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Sheep 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Cattle 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Skins and hides Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 413 434 489 276 468 289 404 291 419 386 100%



42

VietnamTable 26. Victorian food and fibre exports to Vietnam by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Grain^ Cereals 57 177 64 188 63 185 52 158 112 390

Processed grain 17 34 21 35 18 29 20 29 24 42

Oilseeds 5 10 32 53 19 33 <0.5 <0.5 4 8

Pulses <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 79 221 118 276 101 247 73 187 140 441 35%

Seafood Crustaceans 36 <0.5 88 1 105 1 100 1 63 <0.5

Molluscs 1 <0.5 5 <0.5 7 <0.5 5 <0.5 5 <0.5

Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Seafood Total 37 <0.5 93 1 111 1 106 1 68 <0.5 17%

Horticulture Fruit (fresh or dried) 21 8 33 12 2 <0.5 17 5 27 7

Nuts (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 20 3 18 3

Processed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1


Oils and extracts <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Vegetables (fresh or dried) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Horticulture Total 22 9 34 12 4 <0.5 39 9 47 11 12%


Cheese and whey products 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Yoghurt and fermented milk products 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Butters, fats and oils 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Total 19 7 24 7 33 12 44 19 47 21 12%

Meat Beef 7 <0.5 9 2 19 5 13 1 28 5

Offal <0.5 <0.5 2 2 5 4 5 2 5 2

Sheep meat 5 1 9 2 8 2 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Poultry <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 2

Animal fats 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5


Pig meat <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Other prepared meat products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 15 3 27 7 40 11 26 5 41 11 10%

TCF^ Textiles† 12 4 17 7 16 6 45 17 34 12

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Woven fabrics <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


TCF Total 13 4 17 7 16 6 46 17 34 12 9%

Prepared foods Cereal based 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 5 <0.5


Condiments <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Beverages <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Confectionery <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sugars <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Prepared foods Total 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 5 <0.5 8 <0.5 2%


43

Wastepaper <0.5 4 2 12 2 14 2 9 1 7

Sawnwood 1 3 1 3 1 2 1 2 <0.5 1

Roundwood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 4

Wood-based panels <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0




Wine Red 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Cattle 6 2 5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Sheep 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Skins and hides Total 6 2 5 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Animal fibre Wool 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Yarn products 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wool grease and wastes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 2 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Animal fibre Total <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 205 264 335 339 326 314 351 262 396 525 100%



44

South KoreaTable 27. Victorian food and fibre exports to South Korea by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Meat Beef 41 11 66 14 94 16 97 15 62 11

Sheep meat 7 1 9 1 9 1 15 2 40 6

Offal 8 3 12 3 21 4 15 3 15 3

Alternative meat 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 5 <0.5 9 1

Other prepared meat products 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5

Animal fats 2 2 4 3 2 3 1 1 2 2

Pig meat <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Poultry 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 62 18 96 23 133 26 136 23 132 23 34%


Milk and cream 33 9 41 8 38 10 27 8 35 10

Butters, fats and oils 5 2 3 <0.5 5 1 12 3 7 1


Milk extracts 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dairy Total 70 18 69 14 69 16 73 18 87 21 22%


Wool grease and wastes 2 2 <0.5 <0.5 4 6 1 4 1 2

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Grain^ Cereals 48 179 17 45 16 37 7 17 13 32

Oilseeds 20 21 37 41 24 35 15 26 11 16

Processed grain 8 17 13 26 15 26 14 21 10 18

Pulses <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 5 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 76 218 68 111 59 103 36 64 34 67 9%

Forest products^ Roundwood 5 64 21 169 17 165 18 157 21 150

Sawnwood 4 8 4 10 5 10 3 6 4 11


Wastepaper 1 4 1 3 1 4 1 3 1 2

Wood-based panels <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Pulp 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other forest products 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0



Stock feed <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5


Prepared foods** Cereal based 9 1 8 <0.5 9 1 9 1 8 <0.5

Beverages 6 5 7 5 9 6 7 4 3 2


Sugars 2 2 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5

Condiments <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Confectionery <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5


Horticulture Fruit (fresh or dried) 2 1 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5

Nuts (fresh or dried) 0 0 0 0 2 <0.5 6 <0.5 2 <0.5

45

Vegetables (fresh or dried) 1 2 <0.5 <0.5 2 3 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Processed 2 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Oils and extracts 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1 1 3


Horticulture Total 6 5 2 <0.5 9 5 10 3 8 5 2%

Wine Red <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

TCF^ Textiles† 12 6 27 11 16 6 7 2 1 <0.5

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


TCF Total 12 6 27 11 16 6 7 2 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Seafood Fish <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Seaweed 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Molluscs <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Seafood Total <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Sheep <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Cattle 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Skins and hides Total 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Total 312 402 369 405 402 388 400 337 392 348 100%



46

SingaporeTable 28. Victorian food and fibre exports to Singapore by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)





Yoghurt and fermented milk products 8 2 9 2 11 3 15 4 17 4


Milk extracts 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dairy Total 174 55 220 49 187 53 137 50 136 48 38%

Meat Sheep meat 16 4 20 4 27 6 29 6 36 6

Beef 24 5 29 5 20 3 18 3 19 2

Pig meat 4 1 3 1 7 2 19 3 8 2

Animal fats 9 8 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 4 5 7 7

Offal 3 1 3 2 7 3 8 4 5 2


Alternative meat <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Poultry <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Meat Total 56 20 56 13 61 14 78 20 75 19 21%


Vegetables (fresh or dried) 4 1 5 2 6 2 10 4 11 4

Oils and extracts 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 8 6

Processed 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 1 4 1 4 1

Coffee, tea, herbs and spices <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Nuts (fresh or dried) <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 1 <0.5




Condiments 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5

Confectionery 3 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 3 <0.5 3 <0.5

Sugars 3 2 2 1 3 2 2 1 2 1

Beverages 2 3 1 3 2 3 1 3 1 3



Animal fibre Wool grease and wastes 45 55 70 71 60 77 13 16 20 19

Wool <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 0 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0



Crustaceans 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Seafood Total 14 <0.5 14 <0.5 13 <0.5 13 <0.5 14 <0.5 4%

Wine Sparkling 1 <0.5 5 1 5 1 5 1 3 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 <0.5

Red 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 3 3 3 <0.5 3 1

White 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

47

Wine Total 6 2 11 3 9 5 10 2 11 3 3%

Grain^ Cereals 8 26 7 20 3 11 <0.5 <0.5 4 14

Oilseeds 6 4 6 5 9 8 3 1 1 <0.5

Processed grain 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Pulses <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 15 31 14 26 14 20 4 3 6 16 2%


Wastepaper <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 3 <0.5 1 <0.5 3

Sawnwood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Wood-based panels <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other forest products 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Roundwood 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0


TCF^ Textiles† 14 1 15 1 16 2 7 <0.5 3 <0.5

Leather articles <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Footwear 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Woven fabrics 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 15 1 17 1 17 2 11 <0.5 5 <0.5 1%


Stock feed <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Skins and hides Cattle <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Sheep 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Skins and hides Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5%

Total 384 200 468 195 438 211 348 129 354 152 100%



48

United Arab EmiratesTable 29. Victorian food and fibre exports to UAE by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Meat Sheep meat 64 15 69 13 91 16 95 17 113 17

Beef 14 3 15 3 23 3 18 3 13 2

Offal 4 1 5 2 5 2 6 2 7 3

Animal fats <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Alternative meat 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 6 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Poultry <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Pig meat 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Meat Total 86 20 93 18 125 22 121 22 134 22 42%


Other food preparations 5 <0.5 8 1 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 3 <0.5

Confectionery <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Beverages <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Condiments <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sugars <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5




Nuts (fresh or dried) 10 2 52 6 39 4 31 2 9 1

Vegetables (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 2 1 2 1 3 2 2 1

Processed 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5


Oils and extracts <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Grain^ Pulses 21 38 19 32 11 14 10 12 32 44

Cereals 23 69 6 18 1 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Processed grain 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Oilseeds 172 278 41 74 9 18 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 216 385 66 124 21 33 11 13 33 45 10%


Cheese and whey products 2 <0.5 3 <0.5 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 3 <0.5

Butters, fats and oils 4 1 4 <0.5 20 5 8 2 1 <0.5

Yoghurt and fermented milk products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Total 30 9 25 5 36 9 21 7 20 7 6%

TCF^ Textiles† 12 19 16 23 15 22 20 25 18 29

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Woven fabrics <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

Leather articles 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0

TCF Total 12 19 17 23 17 22 21 25 19 29 6%


Other forest products 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wood-based panels 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Roundwood <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

49


Wine Red 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

White <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 1%

Animal feed Animal feed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Stock feed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Animal feed Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Seafood Fish 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Molluscs <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Crustaceans 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Seafood Total <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Cattle 0 0 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Skins and hides Total <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5%

Animal fibre Other animal fibres 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0


Wool 0 0 11 <0.5 1 <0.5 0 0 0 0

Animal fibre Total 0 0 11 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5%

Total 449 481 383 230 348 128 315 110 318 145 100%



50

Thailand Table 30. Victorian food and fibre exports to Thailand by industry and product category (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Grain^ Cereals 17 57 45 133 25 65 20 56 46 173

Processed grain 40 72 35 59 34 54 30 46 18 31

Pulses 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1

Oilseeds <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5

Grain Total 58 130 81 194 61 121 53 104 66 205 24%




Yoghurt and fermented milk products 3 1 6 1 6 2 3 1 5 2

Milk extracts 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Dairy Total 76 21 102 20 83 21 64 20 61 17 23%



Condiments 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 3 <0.5

Confectionery 2 <0.5 1 <0.5 2 <0.5 2 1 2 1

Beverages <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 1 1 1 1

Sugars 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 <0.5 1 1



Nuts (fresh or dried) 1 <0.5 3 <0.5 8 1 9 1 8 1

Processed 1 1 1 1 3 2 6 6 4 5

Oils and extracts <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1

Vegetables (fresh or dried) 3 6 2 2 1 0 1 <0.5 1 <0.5



Meat Beef 6 1 10 1 12 1 7 1 7 1

Animal fats 4 <0.5 5 <0.5 6 <0.5 7 <0.5 7 <0.5

Sheep meat 4 <0.5 4 <0.5 5 1 5 <0.5 7 1

Offal 2 1 5 2 7 3 5 3 4 2

Poultry <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Meat Total 17 3 24 5 30 6 24 4 26 4 9%


Stock feed <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


TCF^ Textiles† 22 9 18 7 8 3 3 1 11 4

Clothing <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Footwear <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5

Other TCF products 0 0 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

TCF Total 22 9 18 7 8 3 3 1 12 4 4%

Forest products Wastepaper <0.5 1 <0.5 3 3 21 2 9 7 31

Sawnwood <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1 4 2 6 2 5


Other forest products <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

51



Wool grease and wastes <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Other animal fibres <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5


Wine Red 1 1 1 <0.5 1 1 1 0 1 0

White 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sparkling 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 0 1 0

Fortified <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Wine Total 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 2 1 1%

Seafood Crustaceans <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 <0.5

Fish <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5

Molluscs <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Seafood extracts and oils <0.5 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Seafood Total 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5%

Skins and hides Cattle 1 <0.5 2 1 6 2 4 2 1 1

Other skins and hides <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sheep <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0 0


Total 284 207 369 274 317 220 245 179 271 303



52

Key regions of interestNorth AsiaNorth Asia remains both the largest and fastest growing of Victoria’s food and fibre export markets. Food and fibre exports to North Asia grew by seven per cent in total value to $5.3 billion in 2016–17. Strong growth in Victorian exports to China (up 13 per cent) was the biggest contributor to the overall export performance. China accounted for 64 per cent of the value of Victoria’s exports to the North Asia region.

Exports of animal fibre and prepared foods contributed most of the increase in overall export performance to North Asia in 2016–17, growing in value by $201 million (25 per cent) and $185 million (15 per cent) respectively.

Table 31. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to North Asia by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Destination 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


China 2,631 3,207 2,947 3,169 2,932 3,075 3,218 3,291 3,642 4,063 424 13% 64%

Japan 1,016 2,040 831 348 966 762 990 746 936 575 -54 -5% 16%

Hong Kong 314 118 389 130 420 124 498 122 502 118 5 1% 9%

South Korea 312 402 369 405 402 388 400 337 392 348 -9 -2% 7%

Taiwan 202 197 248 268 234 216 233 213 242 213 10 4% 4%

Macau 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 46% 0%

Mongolia <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 9 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Total 4,477 5,965 4,786 4,320 4,955 4,566 5,340 4,719 5,716 5,317 376 7% 100%

^ Export figures need to be used with caution as confidentiality agreements apply to some products in some sectors, such as grain, forestry and TCF. * $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.

Table 32. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to North Asia by industry (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)



Animal fibre 1,053 176 955 153 1,158 189 1,224 155 1,426 166 201,633 16% 25%

Dairy 791 224 918 216 818 236 905 264 902 266 -2,963 0% 16%

Prepared foods** 271 70 264 67 366 76 674 100 860 98 185,545 28% 15%

Meat 491 121 771 175 921 184 777 138 675 122 -101,677 -13% 12%

Forest products^ 372 3,715 281 2,148 303 2,574 358 2,987 445 3,406 87,193 24% 8%

Horticulture 172 92 211 95 241 105 357 136 389 148 31,979 9% 7%

Skins and hides 343 153 412 164 428 183 406 165 344 147 -62,710 -15% 6%

Grain^ 437 1,069 465 971 336 708 186 419 218 627 31,749 17% 4%

Wine 82 23 76 23 96 32 118 38 153 45 35,321 30% 3%

Animal feed 107 195 114 200 141 240 159 273 142 268 -16,837 -11% 2%

Seafood 83 2 56 1 47 1 51 1 101 2 50,158 98% 2%

TCF^† 275 126 262 107 101 38 124 43 60 21 -63,511 -51% 1%

Total 4,477 5,965 4,786 4,320 4,955 4,566 5,340 4,719 5,716 5,317 375,879 7% 100%

^ Export figures need to be used with caution as confidentiality agreements apply to some products in some sectors, such as grain, forestry and TCF. * $ change and % change are based on the difference between 2015–16 and 2016–17 data. Volumes are shown as gross weight.** Prepared foods are classified as those which have been substantially transformed from their raw product basis and may have input from more than one

food production industry.† TCF (textiles, clothing and footwear) includes cotton for textiles.

53

South-East AsiaSouth-East Asia has a population of over 600 million, with over a third now living in urban areas. This is expected to grow to 45 per cent by 2030. The growth in population and continued urbanisation provides Victorian food and fibre producers with a diversity of export opportunities.

Victorian food and fibre exports to the South-East Asia region were valued at $2.2 billion in 2016–17, an increase of five per cent from 2015–16. Exports of grains and prepared foods contributed to most of the increase in overall export performance to South-East Asia in 2016–17, growing in value by $520 million (47 per cent) and $26 million (17 per cent) respectively. The largest increases were for the Philippines and Vietnam consisting mainly of wheat exports.

Table 33. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to South-East Asia by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Destination 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


Indonesia 623 1,068 632 685 573 419 555 483 561 548 6 1% 25%

Malaysia 413 434 489 276 468 289 404 291 419 386 15 4% 18%

Vietnam 205 264 335 339 326 314 351 262 396 525 45 13% 17%

Singapore 384 200 468 195 438 211 348 129 354 152 6 2% 16%

Thailand 284 207 369 274 317 220 245 179 271 303 26 11% 12%

Philippines 131 138 154 145 171 143 145 113 187 348 43 29% 8%

Myanmar 28 76 42 112 48 125 82 226 60 189 -21 -26% 3%

Brunei Darussalam 8 2 10 3 12 3 13 3 11 3 -2 -14% 0%

Cambodia 3 4 5 6 5 7 9 13 10 13 1 11% 0%

East Timor <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Laos <0.5 <0.5 2 2 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Total 2,081 2,393 2,507 2,036 2,360 1,731 2,153 1,700 2,271 2,468 118 5% 100%


Table 34. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to South-East Asia by industry (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Industry 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


Dairy 561 176 759 173 719 199 585 208 574 205 -11 -2% 25%

Grain^ 567 1,672 484 1,241 364 865 355 912 520 1,727 165 47% 23%

Meat 262 74 379 96 417 98 400 89 409 91 8 2% 18%

Horticulture 135 78 158 71 155 68 252 94 241 95 -11 -4% 11%

Prepared foods** 187 52 216 59 191 47 153 41 179 47 26 17% 8%

TCF^† 103 51 107 50 75 37 93 42 93 48 0 0% 4%

Seafood 55 1 110 2 126 2 121 2 84 1 -37 -31% 4%

Forest products^ 55 162 58 191 70 241 58 212 61 172 2 4% 3%

Animal feed 52 61 57 66 71 76 57 70 48 52 -9 -16% 2%

Animal fibre 85 58 155 79 147 87 55 21 41 21 -15 -26% 2%

Wine 13 4 16 4 16 7 18 5 19 5 1 5% 1%

Skins and hides 8 3 8 3 8 3 6 3 3 2 -3 -53% 0%

Total 2,081 2,393 2,507 2,036 2,360 1,731 2,153 1,700 2,271 2,468 118 5% 100%



54

North AmericaThe North American continent has an estimated population of over half a billion people. These countries have combined strengths in energy, advanced manufacturing, information technology and life sciences. The USA is the world’s largest national economy and the largest source of foreign direct investment (FDI), with a relatively liberalised business climate, and a strong culture of innovation and entrepreneurialism. The value of Victorian food and fibre exports to North America was over $916 million in 2016–17, with the USA accounting for 90 per cent of total exports to the region.

Table 35. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to North America by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Destination 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


USA 459 179 646 218 1,139 279 961 198 826 204 -135 -14% 90%

Canada 52 24 60 21 65 16 72 19 65 20 -6 -8% 7%

Mexico 33 16 20 8 40 18 40 11 25 9 -14 -36% 3%

Total 544 218 726 247 1,244 313 1,072 227 916 232 -156 -15% 100%


Table 36. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to North America by industry (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Industry 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


Meat 310 68 489 95 949 144 799 122 667 90 -132 -16% 73%

Wine 28 21 25 12 25 10 29 13 40 20 11 37% 4%

Dairy 58 16 19 5 51 11 53 12 39 8 -14 -26% 4%

Horticulture 30 13 43 14 42 10 68 12 39 13 -29 -43% 4%

Prepared foods** 22 9 26 10 25 8 29 9 34 9 5 15% 4%

TCF^† 11 1 17 2 21 3 32 3 28 3 -4 -12% 3%

Grain^ 0 0 1 1 8 7 3 5 21 44 18 555% 2%

Animal feed 18 20 20 19 13 13 20 22 21 20 0 1% 2%

Forest products^ 53 68 73 83 91 100 24 29 18 24 -7 -27% 2%

Animal fibre 10 2 10 6 13 7 9 1 5 1 -4 -46% 1%

Seafood 2 0 2 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 0 2% 0%

Skins and hides 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 9% 0%

Total 544 218 726 247 1,244 313 1,072 227 916 232 -156 -15% 100%



55

Middle East and North Africa The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has a GDP of $US3.4 trillion and over 480 million people with a diverse mix of cultures. It is one of the fastest growing food and beverage regions in the world. Many of its countries import more than 90 per cent of their food and beverage products, and a growing and youthful population is driving demand for consumer products and services across the economy. However, MENA is a very competitive market because it is close to major food producing regions of Russia, Eurasia and Europe. Victorian food and fibre exports to MENA decreased by five per cent in 2016–17, with reductions in dairy and horticulture exports. The UAE and Saudi Arabia remained Victoria’s largest food and fibre export markets in the region, accounting for 46 per cent of exports.

Table 37. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to MENA by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Destination 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


UAE 449 481 383 230 348 128 315 110 318 145 2 1% 34%

Saudi Arabia 156 102 213 106 200 94 145 74 116 69 -30 -20% 12%

Egypt 91 107 148 229 132 174 93 86 96 117 3 4% 10%

Qatar 54 15 62 13 85 15 88 14 75 11 -13 -15% 8%

Kuwait 92 98 122 74 91 23 79 23 68 18 -10 -13% 7%

Yemen 64 107 178 409 65 97 36 59 61 154 25 71% 7%

Bahrain 61 15 73 13 60 38 42 8 44 8 2 4% 5%

Oman 16 7 70 141 63 88 44 33 40 30 -4 -10% 4%

Turkey 27 11 24 9 23 8 24 9 36 24 12 50% 4%

Jordan 42 17 43 15 58 18 51 16 31 13 -20 -39% 3%

Iran 116 70 27 33 17 2 14 2 20 3 6 45% 2%

Israel 6 1 3 1 13 2 20 4 8 1 -12 -60% 1%

Iraq 58 171 37 104 29 54 7 2 8 2 1 8% 1%

Lebanon 6 3 13 24 14 23 5 2 5 3 -1 -11% 1%

Morocco 8 2 9 2 13 4 5 1 3 1 -1 -29% 0%

Algeria 3 1 2 1 3 1 11 4 2 1 -9 -79% 0%

Tunisia 1 0 3 1 2 0 2 0 2 1 0 -8% 0%

Sudan 60 181 86 246 17 45 <0.5 <0.5 1 1 0 0% 0%

Syria 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Libya 4 1 9 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 310% 0%

South Sudan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0% 0%

Total 1,317 1,392 1,505 1,654 1,235 815 982 447 934 602 -48 -5% 100%


Table 38. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to MENA by industry (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Industry

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


Meat 428 107 434 97 528 107 474 94 434 77 -40 -8% 46%

Grain^ 454 1,060 513 1,351 224 526 97 191 170 380 73 76% 18%

Dairy 223 67 267 54 215 53 147 46 91 26 -56 -38% 10%

Prepared foods** 69 18 100 22 82 19 78 20 72 18 -6 -8% 8%

Horticulture 39 16 93 21 87 24 96 27 54 18 -42 -44% 6%

Animal fibre 26 3 32 4 32 3 33 3 41 3 8 24% 4%

56

Forest products^ 52 94 39 79 37 54 24 36 34 44 10 41% 4%

TCF^† 14 21 17 23 19 23 28 28 29 33 1 5% 3%

Skins and hides 10 4 7 2 8 4 3 1 5 2 2 58% 1%

Wine 1 <0.5 3 1 2 1 2 <0.5 2 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Seafood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 2 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Animal feed 2 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Total 1,317 1,392 1,505 1,654 1,235 815 982 447 934 602 -48 -5% 100%



57

South Asia South Asia is one of the most dynamic regions in the world, with a population of 1.67 billion people (25 per cent of the world’s population) and economic growth of seven per cent over the last decade. India is dominant in the region, accounting for 75 per cent of the population and representing 82 per cent of the South Asian economy. The economic drivers of urbanisation, positive demographics and a growing middle class are forecast to continue over the next two decades. In 2016–17, Victorian exports of food and fibre to South Asia were valued at $933 million. The Indian market accounted for 68 per cent of the value of all Victorian food and fibre exports to the region.

Table 39. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to South Asia by destination (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Destination 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


India 204 121 312 184 353 183 308 92 630 667 322 105% 68%

Bangladesh 90 105 111 69 86 42 77 51 155 150 77 100% 17%

Sri Lanka 91 104 99 93 97 88 60 56 71 70 10 17% 8%

Pakistan 188 292 117 159 98 140 43 46 57 61 14 32% 6%

Nepal 2 3 2 3 7 9 5 8 12 14 7 137% 1%

Maldives 5 1 7 1 6 1 6 1 7 1 1 14% 1%

Afghanistan 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Bhutan <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Total 581 627 649 509 647 462 502 254 933 963 431 86% 100%


Table 40. Victorian food and fibre exports^ to South Asia by industry (A$ million, ‘000 tonnes)Industry 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 $ change* % change* % total


Grain^ 285 479 204 307 180 299 94 118 386 695 292 312% 41%

Animal fibre 103 22 114 18 122 27 146 17 150 15 4 2% 16%

Horticulture 62 20 132 29 164 27 114 19 137 27 23 21% 15%

TCF^† 33 24 48 29 26 20 21 13 100 46 79 382% 11%

Forest products^ 20 54 29 95 29 51 28 52 68 153 40 141% 7%

Dairy 49 16 90 18 77 21 55 20 47 15 -8 -14% 5%

Skins and hides 9 2 12 3 23 5 19 4 19 5 0 1% 2%

Prepared foods** 7 2 7 1 9 2 9 2 12 2 3 30% 1%

Meat 7 2 7 2 9 2 10 2 11 2 1 7% 1%

Animal feed 5 7 5 6 6 9 4 7 2 2 -3 -61% 0%

Wine 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1 <0.5 1 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Seafood <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0% 0%

Total 581 627 649 509 647 462 502 254 933 963 431 86% 100%



58

Definitions and DataDefinitionsThis report refers to ‘food exports’ as those products considered suitable for consumption by humans. This classification is made by DEDJTR based on AHECC code descriptions.

DEDJTR refers to ‘fibre exports’ as those products made of wool and other animal fibre products, including skins and hides, forestry products and textiles, clothing and footwear (TCF).

The DEDJTR classification of food and fibre excludes items such as: live animals for breeding purposes; grains and horticultural products for cultivation; live ornamental plants; and bovine semen.

The DEDJTR classification includes items such as: live animals for purposes other than breeding; fresh, chilled, frozen and preserved meats and seafood; dairy and horticultural items for human consumption; unprocessed grains and pulses; edible animal by-products; wine and related products; wool and other animal fibres in various forms; skins and hides from agricultural livestock; and prepared foods derived from agricultural commodities.

State of origin defines the Australian state in which the final stage of production or manufacture occurs (ABS 5489.0 - International Merchandise Trade, Australia, Concepts, Sources and Methods).

State of loading is the Australian state in which the goods are loaded onto an international carrier for export. Subject to any confidentiality restrictions, this can be further disaggregated to provide information about particular air or sea ports in the relevant state (i.e. Port of loading).

Some forestry and TCF product export statistics are affected by confidentiality agreements and statistics should be used with caution.

Classification of forest products is based on those used by ABARES in the Australian Forest and Wood Products Statistics publication.

Classification of wool products is based on the AWEX Sheep Breed Compendium, 2010.

The regional classification of North Asia comprises China, Hong Kong, Japan, Macau, Mongolia, South Korea and Taiwan.

The regional classification of South-East Asia comprises Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

The regional classification of MENA comprises Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, UAE and Yemen.

The regional classification for North America comprises the USA, Canada and Mexico.

The regional classification of South Asia comprises Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

DataThe information in this document is based on statistics compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) from information submitted by exporters and their agents to the Australian Customs and Border Protection Service (Customs and Border Protection). The data has been sourced from IHS Global Pte Ltd, which compiled the information for DEDJTR.

Valuation of exports is based on the free on board transaction value of the goods, expressed in Australian dollars. Values within this publication have been aggregated on a financial year basis. State aggregations are by state of origin rather than by state of loading.

Gross weight refers to the shipping weight of goods (measured in tonnes) in the packaged state, excluding the weight of containers. For exports, details of gross weight are available for each commodity.

Restrictions are placed on the release of statistics for some products for reasons of confidentiality. These restrictions may impact on the total aggregated value of exports from Victoria. Alternatively, they may only affect country and commodity details for that export category. Of particular relevance to Victoria’s food and fibre exports are confidentiality restrictions on barley, oats (in bulk) and macadamia nuts, and woodchips for which no state of origin or export destination details are available.

DEDJTR uses the Australian Harmonised Export Commodity Classification (AHECC) codes for export and import analysis (www.abs.gov.au, Classification 1233.0). These codes concur with international commodity codes, allowing direct import and competitor analysis. Commodity classification also provides greater detail and allows analysis of products from different sectors of the supply chain. These codes enable DEDJTR to focus on specific fresh and processed export products within industry sectors.

Customer Service Centre 136 186economicdevelopment.vic.gov.au

59

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