AIM: WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF NUCLEIC

ACIDS?December 16, 2013

Catalyst: Chemistry Pepper

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AGENDA• Nucleic Acids

• Genes

• Structure

• RNA vs DNA

• Basic Structure of DNA

• Algal Lab Measurement

NUCLEIC ACIDS• Gene - unit of inheritance

• Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA) are polymers made up of monomers called nucleotides

DNA VS. RNA• Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

• Deoxyribose backbone

• A, T, C, G

• Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

• Ribose backbone

• A, U, C, G

NUCLEOTIDES• Monomer of

polynucleotide

• Nitrogenous Base

• Five - Carbon Sugar

• Phosphate Group

NUCLEOTIDES

• Purines - one 6 membered carbon ring

• Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil

• Pyrimidines - 6 membered carbon ring and a 5 membered carbon ring

• Adenine and Guanine

NUCLEOTIDE POLYMER

• Nucleotides are linked together by phosphodiester bonds

• Phospho - Phosphate linkage

• Diester - Two ester groups bound together

DNA STRUCTURE• Two antiparallel strands

• 5’ - 3’ direction

• Carbons are labeled as 5’ and 3’

• Double Helix

• Base Pairing Rules

• A - T

• G - C

RNA STRUCTURE

• Single Stranded

• Base Pairing Rules

• A - U

• G - C

GENETICS AS A MARKER OF EVOLUTION