Air Barrier Paper

The housewrap in the picture is an air barrier and a weather barrier in one. The Hardiewrap in the picture is helping control the infiltration of air into the

house.

Soffit Vent

The soffit vent in the picture allows air to transfer into the attic to help ventilate to help with moisture control. This type of vent is installed on all the flat parts of

the soffit. In the gabled ends the soffit is solid.

Ridge Vent

The ridge vent ventilates the hot air out of the attic that the soffit vents let in. The vent itself

is under the shingle on top.

Gable Vent

The gable vent lets both hot air in and out of the attic space. The gable vent plays a vital role in the ventilation of the attic. Sometimes they are fake vents but in this case their real.

Wind TurbineThe wind turbine also releases hot air from the attic. If the attic reaches a certain temperature it can turn into a fire hazard in

itself.

Backhoe

The backhoe is one of the most used excavating machines there are now days. It can be used to dig any kind of trenches, holes, and a wide variety

of other tasks. The bucket is

Batter Boards

The batter boards are used to square up a house or building to get dome idea where the foundation

will be.

Brick Arch # 1

The arches in this picture are known as true radius arches. The top of them are a perfect circle . They are also referred to as round arches that

were brought about by the Byzantine people.

Brick Arch # 2The brick arch in this picture is an example of a gothic arch. The arch

goes up to the top and meets at a point which makes it very distinctable.

Brick Arch # 3 with keystone

The two arches in this picture were both capped off with a keystone in the center of them.

CenteringCentering is the temporary supports that hold an arch

together while the mortar sets up and hardens.

Brick Bond # 1This is a common bond where the brick sit on top of the

others by about 1/3 the size of a brick.

Brick Bond # 2In this picture, there is an example of running bond in the

brickwork on the fireplace. The running bond is easy to notice because the brick are staggered on top of each other.

Rowlocks

Headers

Soldiers

Sailors

Stretcher Rowlock or Shiner

Brick Size # 1The brick in this picture is 7 5/8” by 3 5/8”. It is most

commonly known as the modular brick.

Brick Size # 2The brick in this picture are 8 ¼” long by 3 ½”. They are much older brick

probaly best known as the standard brick.

BulldozerThe bulldozer is a big machine that is used to grade off the land so

that the construction may begin. They usually have a large straight blade on the front for pushing dirt.

Brick Clad Structure

EFIS Clad Structure

Stone Clad StructureThe pattern in this picture is random rubble.

Wood board Clad Structure

Wood Shingle Clad StructureThe gable in the picture is made up of wood shingle

cladding.

Code Requirement #1For egress, there is a door in my bedroom, so there is no

use in the window meeting code for that.

Stair ComponentsThe stairs here did pass code. The tread dimension is 11

½” and the riser dimension is 7”. .

Control JointA linear discontinuity in a structure to help with cracking from the external forces. Control joints usually run perpendicular in

the slab.

Isolation JointAn isolation joint is a joint between two different pieces of concrete structures to help with movement and cracking.

1 CMU = 3 BrickA block of concrete designed to be laid in mortar like brick to

erect a building. The standard dimensions are 8 x8 x 16 inches. These block are used in every type of construction.

Two Different Size CMUThe block on the bottom are 12” wide block and the top ones are 16 block.

Split Face Block.

Ribbed Block

Decorative Block

Interior Right Hand DoorThe interior door in this picture divides the bedroom and

the living room.

Interior Left Hand DoorThe interior left hand door divides a bedroom and foyer.

Interior Right Hand Reverse DoorThis door separates a bathroom and a bedroom.

Interior Left Hand Reverse DoorThis door separates the basement living area from the

main foyer in the basement.

Exterior Flush door

Exterior Panel DoorThis door is a four panel door with sidelights and a

transom.

panel

Top rail

Lock rail

stile

Bottom rail

TransomA transom is a small window above a door. The transom

lets light in above the door.

SidelightA sidelight is a long window beside a door that is usually

not wide at all.

Transformer boxThe transformer receives the current and transfers it to

alternating current.

Service HeadThe service Head is where the electrical power enters

the house.

MeterThe meter keeps up with how much power that

residence has used in a period of time.

Service PanelThe service panel receives the main wires from the exterior of the house, and transfers the electricity all over the residence.

Duplex ReceptacleA duplex receptacle is a standard receptacle that navigates the electrical power to the appliances.

# 1 Anchor bolt

#2 Sill Plate

# 3 Floor Joist

#4 Subflooring

#5 Sole Plate

#6 Stud

# 7 Top Plate

# 8 Ceiling Joist

# 9 Rafter

# 10 Roof Decking

# 11 Sheathing

#12 Stringer

Front End LoaderA front end loader is used for multiple reasons in the excavating of the land. It can move dirt

from spot to spot , and can be used to level the land off. The front end loader has a much wider bucket than the backhoe.

Gypsum BoardAn interior finish panel that has Gypsum in between two pieces of paper backing.

Gypsum board takes up a large majority of the finish construction in a house.

Heat Pump Advantage: The heat pump can increase the heating by a factor of 3.

Disadvantage: The duct work that the pump supplies heat to can leak and lose a descent amount of the heat.

Compressor/CondenserThe compressor supplies the air to the duct unit inside the house.

Air Handling UnitThe air handling unit takes in the air from the exterior of the house and transfers it to the inside.

Batt InsulationThe batt insulation is used to help control the air movement through the walls. The

batts come in 8 feet length sections and also rolls.

Loose Fill InsulationLoose Fill Insulation is more commonly used in ceilings to help prevent the hot air in the attic

from entering the house.

Foamed InsulationFoamed Insulation can be used in any part of the house, and really helps with keeping air in or

out because of no cracks of any kind.

Rigid Board InsulationThe rigid board insulation is primarily used on the exterior of the house, and can take place of the

sheathing . In this picture I am in an addition and the insulation is on the exterior of the old house.

LintelA lintel is a beam that carries a load across a window or a door.

Mortar Joint # 1

The mortar joint is a troweled joint and is 7/16” thick. The mortar is m type.

Mortar Joint # 2

The mortar joint in this picture is a tooled joint. It is 3/8” thick and the mortar is type m.

Oriented Strand BoardA wood panel that contains long strands of wood fibers glued together to be used as some type of

sheathing. It is manufactured by pressing strands of wood together along with glue. It is a nonveneered wood panel product because it is made of strands of wood instead of multiple veneers.

LavatoryA lavatory is a bathroom sink or some other type of pedestal sink that can be used for multiple ways of

washing different things. The pipe used to drain the lavatory is 1 ½”.

Water ClosetThe piping used to drain the toilet is a 3” PVC pipe.

Premanufactured Tub

Plumbing Roof VentThe VTR ventilates the plumbing so the smell of the gases are not smelled in the house.

Kitchen sinkThe sink in this picture is a drop-in.

PlywoodA wood panel made up of layers of wood that are held together by glue and pressure. Veneer is a thin layer, sheet, or facing. The plywood in

this picture is tounge and groove plywood menaing the pieces lock together.

Radiant BarrierThe radiant barrier in usually placed on the exterior of the house to keep infrared heat out. This

piece of radiant barrier was attached to an exterior wall to help with heat.

RebarThe steel reinforcing in the picture is #3 bar and is 3/8” thick. It was added to the slab to tie in to

another vertical piece for a column that will be later put in.

GutterA gutter catches the rain as it comes off the roof to transport it to the ground through a downspout.

Without the gutters the soffit or facial would not last anytime because of getting wet from rain water.

DownspoutThe downspout transfers the water from the gutter to the ground or some kind of catch tank. Usually at the

bottom of the downspout there is some type of PVC pipe to continue with the removal of water.

SplashblockA splashblock is usually located over an entrance or exit of a building to slow the drainage of water. In this case

the splashblock was applied where the water would not go right down the valley over the top of the gutter.

UnderlaymentThe underlayment protects the sheathing until the finish roof is installed. It is also a great backup in case any water ever seeps through the shingles on top. In this picture the tar paper is protecting the sheathing until the rest of the shingles are put on.

Clay Tile Roof

ShingleA water resistant material that overlaps itself to keep a roof watertight. This is a picture of an old

mill house and the shingle is made of some type of light metal.

Preformed Metal RoofA preformed metal roof is sheets of metal that protect the sheathing from water. They are manufactured

at a plant and shipped to the job in various lengths.

Gable Roof

Gambrel Roof

Hip Roof

Mansard Roof

RidgeThe ridge is the peak of a gable roof. The ridge can also serve as a vent for the attic but in this case does not.

Valley

A valley is where two perpindicular roofs tie into each other and form a creased slope towards the eave.

EaveThe eave is the furthest part of the roof towards the ground.

RakeThe rake is the sloping edge of a steep roof.

Fascia

The fascia is the vertical exposed edge of the eave.

No FasciaIn this picture there is no fascia at the bottom of the eave. The ends of the rafters were left exposed and this also helps with ventilation of the attic.

SoffitThe underface of any horizontal element on a building.

Random rubble

Coursed Rubble

Random Ashlar

Coursed Ashlar

Vapor RetarderA layer of building material that prevents the passage of water into the building. It is extremely important

to keep water vapor out of the walls. It is usually put on the warm in winter side of the building.

WaterproofingWaterproofing is applied to the exterior of the foundation to keep moisture out. The waterproofing

in this picture is liquid applied. This example is easier applied to the foundation.

Weep HoleA weep hole is a small hole in a wall to allow water that reaches the inside of the wall to drain out. In this

picture the weep hole allows the water vapor a passage way to escape the wall.

Welded Wire FabricThe grid on this welded wire fabric measured 6” by 6”.

Window #1This is a double hung window because both of the sashes slide up and down.

Window #2

The window in this picture is an awning window. They were painted shut and won’t open.

Window #3

This is an arched window up in a gable. The arch adds nice detail and design to the house.