Air ConditioningCreated By: Abdulla Al Qahtani

What is Air conditioning?It is a mechanical way of regulating the

temperature, humidity, cleanliness and air flow inside a room or a building.

Explanation Of ProblemIn the 1900s a cooling device evolved from the

paint cooling system concept, to cool buildings and hospitals and lower humidity.

Who Created Air Conditioning?

Willis Havilland Carrier (November 26, 1876 – October 7, 1950) was an American engineer and inventor. He is known as the man who invented modern Air Conditioning.

The Story of Air Conditioning

In 1902, the first air conditioning was in operation, called "Apparatus for Treating Air" and was built for the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing and Publishing Co. in Brooklyn, New York. He Chilled coils in the machine to cool air and lower humidity.

Cont. They were first introduced in industry as printing plants,

textile mills, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and a few hospitals.

The first air conditioner units created by Carrier's were large, expensive, and dangerous due to the toxic ammonia that was used as coolant.

In 1922, Carrier replaced the ammonia with dielene a safer coolant and added a central compressor to reduce the size of the unit.

In 1925 Carrier sold his invention to movie-theater operators, and in office buildings, department stores and railroad cars.

After World War II, window units air conditioners appeared, and the sales escalating from 74,000 in 1948 to 1,045,000 in 1953.

How Does Air Conditioning Work?

When hot air flows over the cold, low-pressure evaporator coils, the refrigerant inside absorbs heat as it changes from a liquid to a gaseous state. To keep cooling efficiently, the air conditioner has to convert the refrigerant gas back to a liquid again.

All the extra heat created by compressing the gas is then evacuated to the outdoors with the help of a second set of coils called condenser coils, and a second fan.

As the gas cools, it changes back to a liquid, and the process starts all over again.

How does air conditioning solve the problem of heat?

lowering the air temperature.

Controlling humidity and heat indoors.

Allows cool air to circulate around the room.

It prevented death from heat strokes.

What Humans Did About Heat Before The A/C Was Made?

Aqueduct water circulated through the walls of certain houses to cool them down.

They fanned them selves.

Some ate snow that was imported from the top of the mountains to keep cool rather than simply bearing the heat

Other techniques in medieval Persia involved the use of cisterns and wind towers to cool buildings during the hot season.

The traditional middle Eastern constructions had the house windows built facing away from the sun and large buildings featured wind towers to catch the prevailing breezes.

Drink a lot of water to prevent heat strokes.

Houses were built of mud to insulate heat.

Fan blowing over a bucket of ice.

How Did Air Conditioning Improve Human Life?

It made people comfortable in the summer instead of suffering the heat of the summer.

Controlling humidity indoors.

Death rates dropped.

Working conditions improved greatly, productivity and worker satisfaction.

Migration to the south increased and helped to build great cities.

Refrigeration helped in space exploration.

Giving a spring like feeling.

Healthy clean and filtered air.

Protecting indoor plants from the sun heat.

Deodorization.

It provides a hypo allergic environment e.g. for hospitals and operating rooms.

Improvements To The A/C Through Time?

1830 Dr John Gorre from Florida designed a machine like a fan that blew across a container of ice used for cooling hospital rooms.

1902 Willis Carrier built his apparatus for treating air.

1914 the first home was air condition was owned by Charels Gates.

1917-1930 air conditions where built in movie theaters.

1922 Willis carrier replaced the toxic coolant ammonia with a much coolant dielene, and he reduced the size of the units.

Cont

1924 air conditioning units were placed in office buildings, and department stores.

During World War II home air conditioning became very popular.

1946 30000 air conditioners were produced.

1948 it increased to 74000.

1969 refrigeration technology helped astronauts walk on the moon in space suits with cooling systems.

1987 the United Nations established the protocol to protect the Ozone layer, by using safe chemicals for the refrigeration system.

How has the Air Conditioning created new problems for us?

It requires high source of energy.

Air Conditioning piping limit the architecture of the building.

Costs are higher every year.

It can dry skin and dehydration

Timeline Of The History Of The A/C

1830 Dr John Gorre from Florida designed a machine like a fan that blew across a container of ice used for cooling hospital rooms.

1881 a group of naval engineers constructed a machine that blew aid through a cloth saturated with melted ice water, this lowered the temp to 20 degrees.

Late 19th century cooling stations were set up to pipe cool air to surrounding buildings, and to preserve food.

1902 Willis Carrier built his apparatus for treating air, he used chilled cooling coils, to cool the air and lower the humidity, to as low as 55%, this device was able to adjust the humidity level desired settings that would become the modern air condition. Alfred Wolf was accredited with improving on the design and adapting them to different buildings, leading to the revolution of technology.

1911 Willis Carrier presented the rational psychometric formula, which is still used by the air conditioning system.

1914 the first home was air condition was owned by Charels Gates.

1917-1930 air conditions where built in movie theaters.

Cont. 1922 Willis carrer replaced the toxic coolant ammonia with a much

coolant dielene, and he reduced the size of the units.

1924 air conditioning units were placed in office buildings, and department stores. It became a marketing tool for retail businesses.

During World war II manufacturers converted production to military use, once the war ended production shifted back to none military use, and home air conditioning became very popular.

1946 30000 air conditioners were produced.

1948 it increased to 74000.

1957 the rotary compressor was first marketed, permitting a smaller, lighter and a more efficient units.

1969 refrigeration technology helped astronauts walk on the moon in space suits with cooling systems.

1987 the United Nations established the protocol to protect the Ozone layer, by using safe chemicals for the refrigeration system.

Bibliographyhttp://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_invented_the_air_conditioner 

http://www.designcomfortco.com/blog/air-conditioning/who-invented-air-conditioning/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioning

http://air-conditioners-and-heaters.com/air_conditioning_history.html

Thank YouThe End