F Gas Regulations & Air F Gas Regulations & Air Conditioning Inspections for Conditioning Inspections for

BuildingsBuildingsAn introductionAn introduction

Steve GillSteve GillCIBSE NI RegionCIBSE NI Region

Monday 13th October 2008 Monday 13th October 2008

Topics coveredTopics covered

• Very brief look at F-Gas RegulationsVery brief look at F-Gas Regulations• Ozone depleting regulationsOzone depleting regulations• R22 phase-outR22 phase-out• Air-conditioning InspectionsAir-conditioning Inspections

- back ground- back ground

- guidance- guidance- Advice and report- Advice and report- How to become an inspector- How to become an inspector- Some photographic examples- Some photographic examples

F-Gas Regulation 842/2006F-Gas Regulation 842/2006

• main clauses effective since July 2007 main clauses effective since July 2007 • regular leak checks for HFCs > 3 kgregular leak checks for HFCs > 3 kg

- frequency depends on refrigerant charge - frequency depends on refrigerant charge • record keeping for HFC plants > 3 kg record keeping for HFC plants > 3 kg • automatic leak detection HFCs > 300 kg automatic leak detection HFCs > 300 kg • refrigerant recovery requiredrefrigerant recovery required

– during maintenance and at end of life – during maintenance and at end of life • use of qualified refrigerant handlers use of qualified refrigerant handlers • Some key issues: Some key issues: • Minimum qualifications for handlingMinimum qualifications for handling• Suitable record keeping Suitable record keeping • Procedures for leak checking Procedures for leak checking

EU Ozone Regulations 2037/2000EU Ozone Regulations 2037/2000

• no new systems with HCFCs (including R22) since 2000 – 2004 no new systems with HCFCs (including R22) since 2000 – 2004 • annual leak tests HCFC systems >3kg annual leak tests HCFC systems >3kg • refrigerant recovery required during maintenance and at end of life refrigerant recovery required during maintenance and at end of life • use of qualified refrigerant handlers use of qualified refrigerant handlers • restricted supply to market before 2010 restricted supply to market before 2010 • ban on the use of HCFCs in all existing systems ban on the use of HCFCs in all existing systems

– virgin fluid: from January 2010 – recycled fluid: from January 2015

• note: note: – 2015 recycled fluid ban under review – no guarantee of any recycled supplies

R22R22• During 2007 refrigerant processedDuring 2007 refrigerant processed

– 413 tonnes of waste refrigerant.

– 310 tonnes came from “fridge bashers”, and was incinerated.

– 103 tonnes was reclaimable

– 60 tonnes was reclaimed R22 for resale

• Total amount of R22 reclaimed in the UK Total amount of R22 reclaimed in the UK during 2007 was 205 tonnes*during 2007 was 205 tonnes*

R22 ShortageR22 ShortageSupply v Demand of R22

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2007 2008 2009 2010

To

nn

es

Virgin

Recycled

Air-conditioning inspections Air-conditioning inspections backgroundbackground

On 4 January 2003 the European On 4 January 2003 the European Parliament and the Council of the Parliament and the Council of the European Union published Directive European Union published Directive 2002/91/EC on the 2002/91/EC on the Energy Performance of Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD).Buildings (EPBD). This required all This required all Member States to bring into force ‘Member States to bring into force ‘the the necessary laws, regulations and necessary laws, regulations and administrative provisions to comply with administrative provisions to comply with the Directivethe Directive’.’.

BackgroundBackgroundArticle 9Article 9Inspection of air-conditioning systemsInspection of air-conditioning systems• With regard to reducing energy consumption and limiting With regard to reducing energy consumption and limiting

carbon dioxide emissions, Member States shall lay down carbon dioxide emissions, Member States shall lay down the necessary measures to establish a regular inspection the necessary measures to establish a regular inspection of air-conditioning systems of an effective rated output of of air-conditioning systems of an effective rated output of more than 12 kW.more than 12 kW.

• This inspection shall include an assessment of the air-This inspection shall include an assessment of the air-conditioning efficiency and the sizing compared to the conditioning efficiency and the sizing compared to the cooling requirements of the building. Appropriate advice cooling requirements of the building. Appropriate advice shall be provided to the users on possible improvement shall be provided to the users on possible improvement or replacement of the air-conditioning system and on or replacement of the air-conditioning system and on alternative solutions.alternative solutions.

BackgroundBackground

In Northern Ireland, the Energy Performance In Northern Ireland, the Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) Regulation (Northern Ireland 2008 Regulation (Northern Ireland 2008 (No.170) implement (No.170) implement Article 9Article 9 of the EPBD of the EPBD that requires: that requires:

- The regular inspection of all air-- The regular inspection of all air-conditioning systems with rated outputs conditioning systems with rated outputs over 12kW, at intervals not greater than 5 over 12kW, at intervals not greater than 5 years by an accredited inspector.years by an accredited inspector.

BackgroundBackground

In England and Wales, the Energy In England and Wales, the Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) Regulation 2007 implement Inspections) Regulation 2007 implement Article 9Article 9 of the EPBD that requires: of the EPBD that requires:

- The regular inspection of all air-- The regular inspection of all air-conditioning systems with rated outputs conditioning systems with rated outputs over 12kW, at intervals not greater than 5 over 12kW, at intervals not greater than 5 years by an accredited inspector.years by an accredited inspector.

BackgroundBackground

The 4th of January 2006 was the official The 4th of January 2006 was the official deadline by which the 25 Member States deadline by which the 25 Member States had to transpose the EPBD into national had to transpose the EPBD into national law. Only for the 2 last requirements law. Only for the 2 last requirements (certifications and inspections), Member (certifications and inspections), Member States may, because of lack of qualified States may, because of lack of qualified and/or accredited experts, have an and/or accredited experts, have an additional period of three years (before additional period of three years (before January 2009) to apply fully. January 2009) to apply fully.

BackgroundBackground

• For systems over 250 kW they have until For systems over 250 kW they have until 44thth January 2009 to have completed the January 2009 to have completed the first inspections, and for the remaining first inspections, and for the remaining systems over 12 kW they have until 4systems over 12 kW they have until 4thth January 2011.January 2011.

• Building owners failing to meet deadlines Building owners failing to meet deadlines face fines from £300 to £5,000 depending face fines from £300 to £5,000 depending upon the building sizeupon the building size

Enforcement by Trading Standards OfficersEnforcement by Trading Standards Officers

Size mattersSize mattersWhat is meant by 12kW? It is the rated What is meant by 12kW? It is the rated

cooling output.cooling output.The rated cooling output of an air conditioning system could exceed The rated cooling output of an air conditioning system could exceed

12kW where a number of individual units of less than 12 kW rated 12kW where a number of individual units of less than 12 kW rated output are installed to provide distributed cooling within the building output are installed to provide distributed cooling within the building under the operators control whether or not the individual units are under the operators control whether or not the individual units are linked to a common control system. linked to a common control system.

Therefore, low capacity packaged units such as ‘through the wall’ units Therefore, low capacity packaged units such as ‘through the wall’ units may need to be assessed where the total exceeds the total 12 kW may need to be assessed where the total exceeds the total 12 kW cooling capacity in the building. cooling capacity in the building.

Size mattersSize mattersWhat is meant by 250 kW? It is the rated What is meant by 250 kW? It is the rated

cooling output.cooling output.Example: Example:

A hotel has 50 rooms. Each room has a cooling capacity of 3 kW. The A hotel has 50 rooms. Each room has a cooling capacity of 3 kW. The system is under the control of the hotel chain.system is under the control of the hotel chain.

The total under single control is 270kW; 150 kW is in the rooms and The total under single control is 270kW; 150 kW is in the rooms and 120 kW is for the reception and restaurants.120 kW is for the reception and restaurants.

This system needs to be inspected by 4This system needs to be inspected by 4 thth January 2009 January 2009

Size mattersSize mattersWhat is meant by 250 kW? It is the rated What is meant by 250 kW? It is the rated

cooling output.cooling output.Example: Example:

There are six separate buildings on a university campus. Each building There are six separate buildings on a university campus. Each building has a total rated cooling capacity of 50kW.has a total rated cooling capacity of 50kW.

All the buildings are served by a central cooling system controlled by All the buildings are served by a central cooling system controlled by the same person. the same person.

Together the total capacity is 300kW.Together the total capacity is 300kW.

This system needs to be inspected by 4This system needs to be inspected by 4 thth January 2009 January 2009

Size mattersSize mattersWhat is meant by 250 kW? It is the rated What is meant by 250 kW? It is the rated

cooling output.cooling output.An office building has a central air conditioning system for the total An office building has a central air conditioning system for the total

building of 150kW which is controlled by the landlord.building of 150kW which is controlled by the landlord.

A tenant, that occupies floors 1 and 2, has installed an additional A tenant, that occupies floors 1 and 2, has installed an additional system of their own with a total capacity of 110kW. system of their own with a total capacity of 110kW.

The landlord is the relevant person for the control of the central The landlord is the relevant person for the control of the central (150kW) system and the tenant is the relevant person for the control (150kW) system and the tenant is the relevant person for the control of the additional (110kW) systemof the additional (110kW) system

This system needs to be inspected by 4This system needs to be inspected by 4 thth January 2011 January 2011

BackgroundBackground

A joint working group led by CIBSE with A joint working group led by CIBSE with ACRIB/IoR, BSRIA, FETA, HVCA and with ACRIB/IoR, BSRIA, FETA, HVCA and with support from DCLG has developed support from DCLG has developed guidance on Article 9 implementation. guidance on Article 9 implementation.

▪ ▪ CIBSE TM 44 published in June 2007CIBSE TM 44 published in June 2007

▪ ▪ CLG: Improving the energy efficiency of our CLG: Improving the energy efficiency of our buildings – A guide to air-conditioning buildings – A guide to air-conditioning inspections for buildings in June2008inspections for buildings in June2008

GuidanceGuidance

• TM 44TM 44 • Methodology for Methodology for Inspections of AC Inspections of AC systems greater than systems greater than 12 kW12 kW

• Gives guidance on Gives guidance on assessment and assessment and reporting reporting

• Requires accredited Requires accredited inspectorsinspectors

GuidanceGuidanceImproving the energy Improving the energy efficiency of our buildings: A efficiency of our buildings: A guide to air-conditioning guide to air-conditioning inspections for buildings.inspections for buildings.

• Free to download Free to download from:from:

• http://http://www.communities.gowww.communities.gov.uk/publications/v.uk/publications/planningandbuilding/planningandbuilding/airconditioningairconditioning

Guidance consistency?Guidance consistency?

CLG guidance page 10:CLG guidance page 10:

‘‘Building owners and managers should not expect the air-Building owners and managers should not expect the air-conditioning inspection to identify hazards or unsafe conditioning inspection to identify hazards or unsafe aspects of the installation, operation or maintenance of aspects of the installation, operation or maintenance of systems that should be identified and addressed by systems that should be identified and addressed by other arrangements..’other arrangements..’

Guidance consistency?Guidance consistency?

TM 44 page 1:TM 44 page 1:

‘‘Inspectors have a duty to comply with relevant health and Inspectors have a duty to comply with relevant health and safety legislation. This includes a duty to draw the safety legislation. This includes a duty to draw the building owner or manager’s attention to obvious building owner or manager’s attention to obvious instances of inadequate maintenance or neglect, where instances of inadequate maintenance or neglect, where these might have implications for the health and safety of these might have implications for the health and safety of building occupants or the public.’ building occupants or the public.’

Scope – Aim of InspectionScope – Aim of Inspection

• The primary aim of the inspection is to:The primary aim of the inspection is to:

- - provide building owners and operators with information regarding provide building owners and operators with information regarding the performance of their buildings and plant,the performance of their buildings and plant,

- to identify opportunities to save energy and cut operating coststo identify opportunities to save energy and cut operating costs

The inspection should as far as possible be carried out by making The inspection should as far as possible be carried out by making visual observations of the plant and other visual indicators such as visual observations of the plant and other visual indicators such as refrigerant sight glasses, pressure/temperature or filter gauges, refrigerant sight glasses, pressure/temperature or filter gauges, although where these are not available the inspector may be able to although where these are not available the inspector may be able to take some test readings.take some test readings.

Assessment of Efficiency Assessment of Efficiency The assessment is intended to provide a broad view of the The assessment is intended to provide a broad view of the

design and operation of the system without putting a design and operation of the system without putting a numerical value on its performance.numerical value on its performance.

- It should address areas in which efficiency could be - It should address areas in which efficiency could be compromised from the design intent, or where aspects of compromised from the design intent, or where aspects of the system could be improvedthe system could be improved

- It should include views required by the EPB Regulations - It should include views required by the EPB Regulations on the size of the system compared with the cooling load on the size of the system compared with the cooling load and on alternative solutions.and on alternative solutions.

The assessment is based on observations and inspections The assessment is based on observations and inspections concerning a number of key factors. concerning a number of key factors.

Factors affecting air-conditioning Factors affecting air-conditioning system efficiencysystem efficiency

- - the inherent efficiency of the systemthe inherent efficiency of the system

- its state of maintenance- its state of maintenance

- Its effective control- Its effective control

The inherent efficiency of the system is affected by the efficiencies of :The inherent efficiency of the system is affected by the efficiencies of :

- the refrigeration equipment that removes the heat- the refrigeration equipment that removes the heat

- heat rejection to atmosphere- heat rejection to atmosphere

- the delivery of the cooled air or water to, or other means of absorbing - the delivery of the cooled air or water to, or other means of absorbing heat from, the treated spaces.heat from, the treated spaces.

Preparation for the InspectionPreparation for the InspectionIn some buildings there may be useful records of the air conditioning In some buildings there may be useful records of the air conditioning equipment installed, its maintenance, and its energy consumption.equipment installed, its maintenance, and its energy consumption.

In more recent buildings these may be found where a suitable log In more recent buildings these may be found where a suitable log book has been providedbook has been provided

Most larger buildings should have details including commissioning Most larger buildings should have details including commissioning results, O&M manuals, H&S files, and records of maintenance and results, O&M manuals, H&S files, and records of maintenance and serviceservice

Information required for the inspection is listed in section 2.1 of Information required for the inspection is listed in section 2.1 of TM44 for simpler packaged equipment and section 3.1 of TM44 for TM44 for simpler packaged equipment and section 3.1 of TM44 for central systems. The building owner or manager should be advised central systems. The building owner or manager should be advised to make such information available at the time of the inspection.to make such information available at the time of the inspection.

Extent of the Inspection - TimeExtent of the Inspection - Time• The time taken for the inspection will depend on the extent of the The time taken for the inspection will depend on the extent of the

systems installed.systems installed.

• A simple 12 kW split ‘packaged’ unit – Average 2 hoursA simple 12 kW split ‘packaged’ unit – Average 2 hours

• It is anticipated that larger centralised systems that include It is anticipated that larger centralised systems that include indoor/outdoor cooling plant, AHUs and zone controls will take a indoor/outdoor cooling plant, AHUs and zone controls will take a minimum of 2 days to complete.minimum of 2 days to complete.

• Some of the tasks (e.g. examining inside AHUs or ducts) would Some of the tasks (e.g. examining inside AHUs or ducts) would probably need to be undertaken outside normal working hours, and probably need to be undertaken outside normal working hours, and must be carried out in collaboration with the building owner or must be carried out in collaboration with the building owner or manager, and be subject to a proper risk assessment.manager, and be subject to a proper risk assessment.

ReportingReportingA report of the air conditioning inspection should be prepared and signed by A report of the air conditioning inspection should be prepared and signed by the inspector.the inspector.

- The results of any measurements or calculations reviewed or made for the - The results of any measurements or calculations reviewed or made for the inspectioninspection

- Comments on the likely efficiency of the installation and suggestions of - Comments on the likely efficiency of the installation and suggestions of improvementimprovement

- Comments on any faults identified during the inspection and suggested - Comments on any faults identified during the inspection and suggested actionsactions

- Comments on the adequacy of equipment maintenance and suggestions for - Comments on the adequacy of equipment maintenance and suggestions for improvementimprovement

- Comments on the adequacy of installed controls and control settings and - Comments on the adequacy of installed controls and control settings and suggestions for improvementsuggestions for improvement

- Comments on the size of the installed system in relation to the cooling load - Comments on the size of the installed system in relation to the cooling load and suggestions for improvementand suggestions for improvement

- Comments concerning alternative solutions (see TM44 section 5)- Comments concerning alternative solutions (see TM44 section 5) - Summary of the findings and recommendations of the inspection.- Summary of the findings and recommendations of the inspection.

Provision of AdviceProvision of Advice

- The EPB Regulations require the provision of advice, but - The EPB Regulations require the provision of advice, but do not impose any requirement on the system owner or do not impose any requirement on the system owner or manager to act on that advicemanager to act on that advice

- The benefit of the inspection to the manager would be the - The benefit of the inspection to the manager would be the provision of appropriate advice on possible improvement provision of appropriate advice on possible improvement or replacement of the air conditioning system and on or replacement of the air conditioning system and on alternative solutions that would increase efficiency and alternative solutions that would increase efficiency and reduce energy consumption.reduce energy consumption.

Becoming an accredited InspectorBecoming an accredited Inspector

The currently approved accreditation schemes for air-conditioning The currently approved accreditation schemes for air-conditioning inspections are run by: inspections are run by:

▪ ▪ CIBSECIBSE

▪ ▪ Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)

▪ ▪ EPC LtdEPC Ltd

▪ ▪ QuidosQuidos

▪ ▪ HIC LtdHIC Ltd

▪ ▪ NAPITNAPIT

▪ ▪ BESCABESCA

Becoming an accredited InspectorBecoming an accredited Inspector• 1. Undertake training with an approved training provider and assessor.1. Undertake training with an approved training provider and assessor.

• 2. Download the National Occupational Standards document to provide 2. Download the National Occupational Standards document to provide evidence that you satisfy the competence criteria in APEL form (step 3)evidence that you satisfy the competence criteria in APEL form (step 3)

• 3. Download and fill in the Accreditation of prior learning (APEL) form, 3. Download and fill in the Accreditation of prior learning (APEL) form, making reference to the NOS is step 2.making reference to the NOS is step 2.

• 4. Download table of professional bodies and membership grades meeting 4. Download table of professional bodies and membership grades meeting the professional requirements of Unit and 2 o the NOSthe professional requirements of Unit and 2 o the NOS

• 5. Download CCMP 006 CIBSE Certification Code of Conduct for Energy 5. Download CCMP 006 CIBSE Certification Code of Conduct for Energy Assessors.Assessors.

Becoming an accredited Inspector Becoming an accredited Inspector (Continued) (Continued)

Submit your certificate from your training course to Submit your certificate from your training course to CIBSE Certification along with:CIBSE Certification along with:

- a) your application form- a) your application form- b) evidence of your PI cover- b) evidence of your PI cover- c) details of CPD undertaken in the last two years.- c) details of CPD undertaken in the last two years.- d) a signed code of conduct and evidence of your - d) a signed code of conduct and evidence of your professional membership (if any).professional membership (if any).

Visual InspectionVisual Inspection

• The following slides are some examples of The following slides are some examples of the type of issues we will be looking for: the type of issues we will be looking for:

Thank you for listeningThank you for listening

Steve GillSteve Gill

Energy Efficient SolutionsEnergy Efficient Solutions

steve@energyefficientsolutions.co.uksteve@energyefficientsolutions.co.uk

Telephone: 01332 793399Telephone: 01332 793399

mobile: 07970 786893mobile: 07970 786893