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Asian Institute of TechnologyAir Pollutant Modelling and Its Application
“Evaluation of CO Concentration Level in Delhi by Muair2.0, ISC3 &
Caline4”Prepared by:
Miss. Thiri Tin HtutMr. Bishal Bhari
Mr. Visal Yoeung
Mr. Pongsakorn Chaichai
May 1, 2014
Contents
Introduction
Methodology
Result and Discussion
ConclusionsIV
III
II
I
2
Introduction
A.P.Mod. Plays a vital role in A.P Control and
management
A.P modelling software are built with
different assumption and computation
methods
Accuracy of the model depends on different
factors
3
Objectives
To get acquainted with A.P.Mod1
To model the CO concentration in Delhi for the year 20022
To compare and analyze the result from different model3
4
Model Used
MUAIR2.01
ISC2
Caline43
Area & Point Source
Area & Point Source
Line Source
5
6Methodology
Modelling with MUAIR2.0
7
About MUAIR2.0
Developed for the transport project within the ARRPEEC (AITT)
Predicts impact of emission from Urban area
MUAIR is a 2D, multi-box dispersion model
Uses mathematical formula of Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Laboratory (ATDL) Model
Height of the top lid proportional to the vertical dispersion parameter
Integral form of the Gaussian plume model and treats an area source as an infinite array of infinitesimal point sources
8
Basic Features of MUAIR2.0
Applicable for less reactive pollutant like CO
Does not consider chemical transformation
First 5 stability classes
Uses wind direction in degrees (0-360) and wind speed in m/s
Can’t handle calm wind
Output in mg/m3 or μg/m3
9
Case A: For all Area sources
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
1st h ighest hourly concentration (m iligram /m 3)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
Average hourly concentration (m iligram /m 3)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
20 HH Conc
Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 20th April 2002 at the (12500,6500) domain with the concentration of 271.39 mg/m3 CO concentration.
20 HAAvg Conc
Highest average annual concentration of 78.83 mg/m3 occurred at (12500, 6500)
10
Case B: For 5 selected/marked red grid area sources
20 HH Conc
Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 12th April 2002 at the (12500,12500) domain with the concentration of 134.82 mg/m3 CO concentration.
20 HAAvg Conc
Highest average annual concentration of 36.56 mg/m3 occurred at (12500, 12500)
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
Average hourly concentration (m iligram /m 3)2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
05101520253035404550556065707580859095100105110115120125130135
1st h ighest hourly concentration (m iligram /m 3)
11
Case C: For Point sources emission
20 HH Conc
Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 11th April 2002 at the (14500,9500) domain with the concentration of 34.93 mg/m3 CO concentration.
20 HAAvg Conc
Highest average annual concentration of 10.61 mg/m3 occurred at (14500, 9500)
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
00.511.522.533.544.555.566.577.588.599.51010.511
Average hourly concentration (m iligram /m 3)2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
1st h ighest hourly concentration (m iligram /m 3)12
Case D: For all 5 marked area sources and point sources
20 HH Conc
Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 12th April 2002 at the (12500,8500) domain with the concentration of 144.09 mg/m3 CO concentration.
20 HAAvg Conc
Highest average annual concentration of 38.55 mg/m3 occurred at (11500, 9500)
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
0246810121416182022242628303234363840
Average hourly concentration (m iligram /m 3)2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
1st h ighest hourly concentration (m iligram /m 3)
13
Summary of all case
A B C D
Hourly 271.39 134.82 34.93 144.09
Annual 78.83 36.56 10.61 38.55
25
75
125
175
225
275
325
375
425
(12500,6500)
(12500,12500)
(14500,9500)
(12500,8500)
(12500,6500)
(12500,12500)(12500,8500)
(11500,9500)
Case A: Area SouceCase B: Selected Grid Area Source
Case C: Point SourceCase D: Marked Area Source & Point Source
Conc
entr
ation
(mg/
cu.m
)14
Monthly Avg. CO Conc. at the Receptor
• R3 had the highest concentration throughout the year• R4 was not affected by the point and area sources since it is located far
from the combined source• R3 and Receptor R5 received the highest concentration of CO for the
month from October to March
15
Modelling with ISC 3
16
About ISC
ISC (Industrial Source Complex) model is a steady-state Gaussian plume model which can be used to assess pollutant concentrations from a wide variety of sources associated with an industrial complex.
This model can account for the following:
Point, area, line, and volume sources
Settling and dry deposition of particles
Downwash
Separation of point sources
Limited terrain adjustment
17
Input data RequirementsSource data
Dimensions of the source
Emission discharge rate
Release height of the emission source
18
Meteorological data Ambient temperature, K
Wind flow
Wind speed, m/s
Atmospheric stability classes (A through F)
Urban and rural mixing height, m
20 HH Conc.
Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 11th Feb 2002 at the (12000,9000) domain with the concentration of 37.09 mg/m3 CO concentration.
20 HAAvg Conc.
Highest average annual concentration of 11.28 mg/m3 occurred at (12000, 9000)
Case B: For 5 selected/marked red grid area sources1st highest for hourly CO concentration
Annual average CO concentration
19
20 HH Conc.
Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 1sh Oct 2002 at the (15000,15000) domain with the concentration of 0.25 mg/m3 CO concentration.
20 HAAvg Conc.
Highest average annual concentration of 0.0086 mg/m3 occurred at (11000, 11000)
1st highest for hourly CO concentration
Annual average CO concentration
Case C: For Point sources emission
20
20 HH Conc.
Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 20th May 2002 at the (12000,9000) domain with the concentration of 37.11 mg/m3 CO concentration.
20 HAAvg Conc.
Highest average annual concentration of 11.29 mg/m3 occurred at (12000, 9000)
1st highest for hourly CO concentration
Annual average CO concentration
Case D: For all 5 marked area sources and point sources 2
1
The contribution of each source type
4.72%
2.97%
92.31%
R3 R4 R5
Receptor
Concentration (mg/m3)
R3 0.39
R4 0.25
R5 7.6
Total 8.26
Contribution of each source type to the annual average CO at receptor R3,R4 and R5
22
Compare the results of MUAIR and ISC models
Case
MUAIR
1st highest hourly
(mg/m3)
Coordinate (X,Y)
1st annual average (mg/m3)
Coordinate (X,Y)
B 134.8212500,1250
036.56
12500,12500
C 34.93 14500,9500 10.61 14500,9500
D 144.09 12500,8500 38.55 11500,9500
ISC
B 37.0912000,900
011.28
12000,9000
C 0.2515000,150
000.009
11000,11000
D 37.1112000,900
011.29
12000,9000
B C D B C D
1st highest hourly 1st annual average
MUAIR
ISC
** The ISC grids are shifted by a half of grid (500 m) in both X and Y directions in order to compared with MUAIR results.
23
Modelling with ISC 5 (Part2)
24
Concentration of Area Sources20 HH Conc.
Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 20th
May 2002 at the (12000,9000) domain with the concentration of 37.09 mg/m3 CO concentration.
1st H annual Conc. 1st Highest concentration for an annual occurred at the (12000,9000) domain with the concentration of 7.52 mg/m3 CO concentration.
Concentration of Point Sources
20 HH Conc.Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 1st Oct 2002 at the (15000,15000) domain with the concentration of 0.25 mg/m3 CO concentration.
1st H annual Conc. 1st Highest concentration for an annual occurred at the (11000,11000) domain with the concentration of 0.0087 mg/m3 CO concentration.
25
Concentration of Combined Sources20 HH Conc.
Highest concentration for an hour occurred in 20th
May 2002 at the (12000,9000) domain with the concentration of 37.11 mg/m3 CO concentration.
1st H annual Conc. 1st Highest concentration for an annual occurred at the (12000,9000) domain with the concentration of 7.53 mg/m3 CO concentration.
Comparison the first HH and HA Conc of ISC Part 1 and Part 2
Case
ISC PART 11st
highest hourly
(mg/m3)
Coordinate (X,Y)
1st highest annual (mg/m3)
Coordinate (X,Y)
Area 37.09 12000,9000 11.28 12000,9000
Point 0.25 15000,15000 0.01 11000,11000
Combined
37.11 12000,9000 11.29 12000,9000
ISC PART 2
Area 37.09 12000,9000 7.52 12000,9000
Point 0.25 15000,15000 0.01 11000,11000
Combined
37.11 12000,9000 7.53 12000,9000
In Part 2, the emission from the area sources were reduced by 50% during daytime (6:00am to 6:00pm) which effected in the ISC model running result that the Part 2 is lower concentration than Part 1 in area source and combined source in same coordinate.
26
Comparison annual Avg CO Conc at receptor R3, R4 and R5
Case Concentration ((µg/m3)
R3 R4 R5
Area 242.27338
150.96539
5051.03174
Point 4.53533 5.25978 4.99416
Combined 246.80685
156.22371
5055.95752
Area Point Combined0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Receptor 3 Receptor 4 Receptor 5
µg/
m3
27
Modelling With Caline4
28
About Caline4
Caline4 model is the 4 generation simple line source Gaussian plume dispersion model.
Predicts the conc. CO, NO2, and PM10/ PM2.5 near roadways (highway, arterial streets) for relatively uncomplicated terrains.
Handle up to 20 link and 20 receptors but the model cannot predict concentration within 3 meters from lane edge
The important input parameters required Classified traffic volume (number of vehicles per hour), Meteorological parameters (wind speed, wind direction,
ambient temperature, mixing height and stability class) Emission parameters (weighted emission factor, WEF),
road geometry (road width, median width, road elevation),
Type of terrain (rural or urban), background CO concentration (ppm or µg/m3) at pre-identified receptor locations along the road corridors.
29
Estimate the line source contribution to the receptor R1- R6 with the Standard, Worst case, Multi-run, and Multi-run-worst case
Period: 6 am of Jan 18th
2002
Wind speed: 1.2 m/s
Wind direction: the
majority of wind comes
from the East
The road is divided into
12 sections
6 receptors are placed
to measure the CO
Conc.
30
Estimate the line source contribution to the receptor R1- R6 with the Standard, Worst case, Multi-run, and Multi-run-worst case
Cases
Predicted concentration (ppm)
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
Standard 0.7 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0
Worst Case 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.7
Standard run: highest CO is 0.7 ppm at R1
Worst Case run: max CO is 1.1 ppm at R1
Multi run: highest avg co in 8 hr is 0.27 ppm
Multi run worst: Max avg Co in 8 is 0.73 ppm
31
Estimate the relative contribution from each of 3 types of sources at R5
Area Line Point0
20
40
60
80
100
82.46
17.12
0.42
Perc
enta
ge(%
)
32
Estimate the line source contribution to the new receptors
Period: 24 hour of Jan 18
Max Wind speed: 1.2 m/s
Wind direction: the
majority of wind comes
from the South
The road is divided into 12
sections
20 receptors are placed to
predict the CO Conc.
33
Estimate the line source contribution to the new receptors By Worst Case Run
Worst Case: The hourly max of CO is 4.6
ppm at the receptor R1 Beyond 1km, there has no max
of CO > 34.2 ppm (std)
34
Multi run Worst Case: The average max of every
8hrs CO conc = 2.77 ppm at R1
1km, the max of CO conc < 10.4 ppm (std) in every8hr
Estimate the line source contribution to the new receptors By Multi Run Worst Case 3
5
Conclusion 36
The Concentrations of CO obtained from Muair2.0 are significantly higher than ISC for all cases. The reasons of the different concentration results produced by the both model are: MUAIR considers point source as area source while ISC can
handle both sources. MUAIR uses only first 5 stability classes for calculation while
stability classes 6 and 7 are treated as class 5 in the calculation
ISC model can handle the multiple source types in the domain => produce the result more accurate than Muair.
For line source, Caline4 can predict the concentration at each receptor location, resulting the different concentration levels at each receptor. All the concentrations predicted by worst case and Multi run worst case are higher than standard run and Multi run since the both worse case and multi run produce the maximum concentration at each receptor.
At receptor R1 was found highest concentration comparing to other receptors due its location close to the road.
Thanks For Your Attention
37