Air Quality TrendsAir Quality Trends

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Program UpdateProgram Update

Municipality of Anchorage DHHSMunicipality of Anchorage DHHS

Air Quality ProgramAir Quality Program

2013 2013

2012 Budget = $475k ($323k local match)2012 Budget = $475k ($323k local match)

2013 Budget = $255k ($102k local match)2013 Budget = $255k ($102k local match)

--

2012 2012 –– 5 AQ Program Staff = 4.25 FTE 5 AQ Program Staff = 4.25 FTE

2013 2013 –– 3 AQ Program Staff = 2.65 FTE 3 AQ Program Staff = 2.65 FTE

--

2012 2012 –– 5 sites (4 CO, 4 PM10, 3 PM2.5, 1 ozone)5 sites (4 CO, 4 PM10, 3 PM2.5, 1 ozone)

2013 2013 –– 4 sites (2 CO, 3 PM10, 2 PM2.5)4 sites (2 CO, 3 PM10, 2 PM2.5)

AQ Program CutsAQ Program Cuts

Pollutants Pollutants

�� COCO

�� PMPM2.52.5 –– fine particulate (smoke & soot)fine particulate (smoke & soot)

�� PMPM1010 –– coarse particulate (road dust)coarse particulate (road dust)

�� OzoneOzone

�� Air Toxics Air Toxics –– VOC, PAH (nonVOC, PAH (non--criteria)criteria)

�� PollenPollen (non(non--criteria)criteria)

CO Program Status CO Program Status

�� IM program terminated March 2012 IM program terminated March 2012

�� 2 CO sites closed, 2 CO sites closed,

2 remain: Turnagain, Airport Heights 2 remain: Turnagain, Airport Heights

�� CO LMP sent to EPA CO LMP sent to EPA –– March 2013 March 2013

-- Valid for SIP plan conformity after 90 daysValid for SIP plan conformity after 90 days

-- EPA has 18 mo for full reviewEPA has 18 mo for full review

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

2n

d m

ax

8-h

r a

ve

rag

e (

pp

m)

CO NAAQS = 9 ppm

1996

PM2.5 Monitoring PM2.5 Monitoring

�� Neighborhood monitoringNeighborhood monitoring

�� Peak PM2.5 conc. in recent years is about Peak PM2.5 conc. in recent years is about

2/3 of NAAQS2/3 of NAAQS

�� No clear data trend No clear data trend

�� Study shows ~60% is from wood burningStudy shows ~60% is from wood burning

�� Fairbanks is cautionary tale:Fairbanks is cautionary tale:

Increased wood burning and use of Increased wood burning and use of OWBsOWBs

could lead to rise in PM2.5could lead to rise in PM2.5

12.2

20.0

15.8 16.0

31.9

17.9

26.9

14.0

25.0

23.0

17.4

26.4

6.8

17.2

6.9 6.34.9

5.57.2

6.25.2

7.05.96.06.15.4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

PM

2.5

(u

g/m

3)

98th percentile of daily 24-hour average

annual average

24-hr PM2.5 NAAQS

Annual Average PM2.5 NAAQS

PM10 Monitoring PM10 Monitoring

�� Monitors for neighborhood & Monitors for neighborhood &

roadway max exposureroadway max exposure

�� Problem with roadway PM10 during Problem with roadway PM10 during

breakbreak--up and freezeup and freeze--upup

�� No clear data trend No clear data trend

�� Need to work closely with street sweeping Need to work closely with street sweeping

crews to avoid NAAQS exceedancescrews to avoid NAAQS exceedances

PM10 - 1st & 2nd Max Values

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Tudor 2nd Max

Eagle R 2nd Max

Tudor 1st Max

Eagle R 1st Max

NAAQS = 155 ug/m3

Ozone Monitoring (suspended)Ozone Monitoring (suspended)

� Max OO33 measurements well below NAAQS

� O3 in Anc. consistently lower than Denali NPAnc. consistently lower than Denali NP

�� EPA concurs, Anchorage may suspend EPA concurs, Anchorage may suspend O3

monitoring.

� ADEC continues O3 monitoring in Wasilla.

7-day Moving Average of

8-hr Daily Maximum

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

7-A

pr21

-Apr

5-M

ay19

-May

2-Ju

n

16-J

un

30-J

un

14-J

ul28-

Jul

11-A

ug25

-Aug

8-S

ep22-

Sep

6-O

ct20

-Oct

ozone (

ppb)

Garden Parkgate Denali

Air ToxicsAir Toxics

� Last study: 2008/2009

Mean ambient Benzene = 1.06 ppb

Mean indoor benzene = 7.4 ppb

� MSAT-2 Benzene study 2012/2013

repeating quarterly gasoline sampling & ambient benzene monitoring for 1 year.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10/1 12/1 1/31 4/2 6/2 8/2 10/2

Date

Ben

zen

e (

pp

bv)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

10/1 12/1 1/31 4/2 6/2 8/2 10/2

To

tal P

AH

(n

g/ m

3)

Seasonal changes in ambient VOC & PAH

More air toxins in

winter!!

20092008

Annual mean

Annual mean

Seasonal Benzene Variation Measured in

Anchorage Homes and their Attached Garages

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep

Benzene C

oncentr

ation (

ppb)

House

Garage