Air traffic Control(Related to GPS and

Applications)

Abstract Delays are mountingDelays are mounting as air traffic increases. A big part of

the problem is that the air traffic control system is based on ground-based radar technology that is increasingly incapable of handling the growing volume of traffic- particularly in bad weather. Radar signals which are in use nowadays degrade over distance, so determination of an aircraft's position becomes less reliable the further away it is. To preserve safety, controllers must keep aircraft well apart. The faster aircraft are flying, the farther apart they must be kept. In radar-controlled areas, aircraft cruising at the same high altitude must be separated by 5 miles. Over oceans, where radar coverage doesn't exist, aircraft at the same altitude are kept 50 miles apart. As the number of people flying by flights is increasing at a high rate some technology has to be evolved so that aircrafts can know position, altitude, and direction of movement and the aircraft's horizontal and vertical speed as well as about other aircrafts. This would decrease their dependency on ground control system.

The idea is to use GPS (Global Positioning System) to digitally display aircraft’s position as well as transfer information to telecommunications satellites to reach all other aircraft within 150 miles, as well as ground stations. Combining it with the technology which is developed by America i.e. providing detailed pictures of the surrounding airspace will be very much useful for pilots. At the airport also, this technology would let aircrafts see and avoid each other on runways.

These technologies have a vast field of application as airlines are the necessity of the time. The use of aircrafts would never decrease instead is increasing hence these technologies would be very useful. There this technology will be very useful for the aircrafts and would reduce the work of ground radar stations and dependency of pilots on the radar signals. Hence the idea can prove a boon to the aviation industry.

Ground Air traffic Control Station Other Planes

GPS Satellite

Our Plane

Introduction The problem is that air traffic is increasing The problem is that air traffic is increasing

but the radar technology which is in use is but the radar technology which is in use is not much accurate as signals degrade in not much accurate as signals degrade in the atmosphere. Therefore a technology is the atmosphere. Therefore a technology is needed so that we can ensure increased needed so that we can ensure increased safety of passengers. the importance of safety of passengers. the importance of using GPS technology cannot be ignored using GPS technology cannot be ignored as it is more accurate and better safety as as it is more accurate and better safety as well as better control can be achieved. well as better control can be achieved. This problem has been solved but only to a This problem has been solved but only to a very little extent i.e. similar technology very little extent i.e. similar technology has been used by U.S. in fighter planes but has been used by U.S. in fighter planes but its use in commercial planes has not been its use in commercial planes has not been achieved due to huge expenses of achieved due to huge expenses of instruments. The key idea is to use it in instruments. The key idea is to use it in aircrafts all over the world. The aircrafts all over the world. The instruments should be produced at large instruments should be produced at large scale so that they would be available at scale so that they would be available at reasonable cost. reasonable cost. The idea is feasible but only large scale The idea is feasible but only large scale use would be helpful. The ultimate goal use would be helpful. The ultimate goal and objective of the paper is to provide and objective of the paper is to provide better safety for air passengers and reduce better safety for air passengers and reduce the delays during bad weather as well as the delays during bad weather as well as tackle increasing air traffic easily.tackle increasing air traffic easily.

Growth in Commercial Air Travel

Global Positioning

System

(GPS)

Related Work The technique was developed in the

1980s by the U.S. Department of Defense. Our idea is feasible and has been implemented to some extent by U.S. in fighter planes but was not been able to be applied to commercial planes due to high cost of instruments. In those times the number of people traveling by planes was about 500% times less then what is now and during the next decade it is supposed to increase about 700%. Now with the development of better technologies and increase in its use it can be produced at large scale and will be cost effective. Air Traffic Control System which is

today in use

Technology Our idea is to use GPS (Global

Positioning System) with radar technology as well as topographic map of the area. A GPS receiver keeps steady track of its geographical position in latitude and longitude. It can calculate the speed and compass heading of the person or craft carrying it. It also can be programmed with the positions (in latitude and longitude coordinates) of selected destinations, such as campgrounds, harbors, and fishing areas, so that the receiver displays the bearing and distance to a destination. GPS can be combined with other electronic instruments called course plotters to display the craft’s changing position and motion on a monitor, like a television screen. Course plotters show computerized charts and radar data for the area surrounding a vessel or aircraft.

Satellite Control Room interchanges information with all the planes. It also keeps a watch on all the planes. It sends signals to planes via satellite and also receives via satellite i.e. satellite becomes the medium between the two.

The signals are received by the receiver and are displayed on the screen. The following figure shows a simple GPS receiver with map on a mobile. The receiver to be used in plane is similar but of higher signal receiving capacity.

Plane exchanging information with other planes, GPS and ground station

Conclusion

From the whole paper we can conclude that the use of GPS technology in the aviation industry is important as the air traffic is increasing largely. It has to be used on large scale so that it would be cost effective.

Advantages The major advantage of the technology is that the delays during bad

weather would be reduced and the take off and landing would be easy for pilots.

Challenges The major challenge due to which this technology can face problem is the

large costs of instruments and devices. But this problem can be solved to an extent by mass production.

This project would give increased safety to passengers as well as reduce delays during fogs and bad weather.

Future Work

This project would give a better method to control air This project would give a better method to control air traffic. It would reduce the dependency of pilots on the ground traffic. It would reduce the dependency of pilots on the ground stations. stations.

The technology would be especially very useful during bad The technology would be especially very useful during bad weather when the radar signals are very weak as well as there weather when the radar signals are very weak as well as there is low visibility. Therefore, it would be advantageous to use it is low visibility. Therefore, it would be advantageous to use it in aircrafts.in aircrafts.

The major challenge that would come into its The major challenge that would come into its implementation is the very expensive and sophisticated implementation is the very expensive and sophisticated instruments required. But this problem can be solved by instruments required. But this problem can be solved by producing instruments at a large scale.producing instruments at a large scale.

Researches should be undertaken to develop better and Researches should be undertaken to develop better and cheap devices so that the idea can be put to effect. cheap devices so that the idea can be put to effect.

References Avionics Magazine Industry Scan.htm http://Temp\Rar$EX50.375\ Avionics Magazine Industry Scan.htm R. Bera, M. Mitra, N. B. Sinha, M. Sonal,

”Implementation of Digital Radar Technology for Imaging and Remote Sensing in Intelligent Transport System” Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 11, 213-228, 2009

Next Gen air technology to tackle flight delays – http://Future of business- msnbc_com.htm

Encarta Encyclopedia 2007