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Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW&C)
21st Century „Force Enabler‟ for the Joint Commander
09 December 2008
John Mahaffey
Senior Scientist
Capability Area 5 – Joint ISR
Although NC3A collaborates with national governments and industries in the performance of its activities, any reference to national and/or corporate capabilities, systems, products or images in this presentation does not imply
any official or formal NC3A endorsement.
Disclaimer
AEW&C – 21st Century Force EnablerAgenda
■ Introduction – NC3A/CAT 5 JISR
■ 21st Century AEW – An Evolutionary Capability■ Emerging Operational Requirements
■ Emerging AEW C2ISR Mission Sets
■ Emerging Technical Capabilities
■ NC3A – NAEW&C Projects■ NAEW&C – Scientific and Technical Support
■ Multi-sensor Aerospace-ground Joint ISR Coalition (MAJIIC)
■ C2-JISR Concept Development and Experimentation (CD&E)
■ NAEW Transformation - Operational and Technical
■ Summary
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NC3A’s Mission
4NATO UNCLASSIFIED
NATO C3 Agency - Enable NATO’s success through the unbiased
provision of comprehensive C4ISR (consultation, command,
control, computers intelligence surveillance and reconnaissance)
capabilities.
Capability Area Team 5 (CAT5) – Joint ISR Team - Provision of
technical, scientific and operational subject matter expertise in the
field of JISR. Support customers with doctrinal and conceptual
studies, scientific experimentation, prototype development, system
interoperability and integration and verification and validation
activities.
AEW&C – 21st Century Force EnablerEmerging Operational Requirements
■ Emerging Operational Requirements:■ Defensive to Expeditionary Operations
■ ISAF, KFOR, NRF
■ Article V to CRO■ Peace Keeping/Making (Allied Force)
■ Force Protection (HVE)
■ Disaster Relief
■ Environmental /Border Enforcement
■ Counter Terrorism, Piracy, Narcotics
■ Increased Requirements for Information:■ Command and Control (C2)
■ Joint ISR (JISR)
■ Near Real Time – Archived
■ Expanding range of Commanders:■ Operational to Tactical
■ Cross – Component
■ Non-traditional■ Civil - Law Enforcement
■ Special Operations
■ NGO NATO UNCLASSIFIED
AEW&C – 21st Century Force EnablerEmerging AEW – C2ISR Mission Sets
■ Information Intensive Operations:■ Time Sensitive Targeting (TST)
■ Troops in Contact (TIC)
■ Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR)
■ Suppression of Enemy Air Defences (SEAD)
■ Cross Component – Cross Coalition:
■ Reach back – Reach Forward■ C2 Extension for the Battlespace
■ Leveraging other component systems■ ISR (Tactical UAV/SIGINT)
■ Offensive (artillery, rockets, forces)
■ C2 and ISR – „Blurring the Lines‟:■ Non Traditional ISR (NTISR)
■ E-3 sensor products
■ E-3 relay of other sensor products
■ JISR Coordinator ■ Relay of ad-hoc tasking
■ Support to operations
■ Force protectionNATO UNCLASSIFIED
AEW&C – 21st Century Force EnablerEmerging Technical Capabilities
■ Emerging Technologies:■ NATO Network Enabled Capabilities (NNEC)
■ Collaboration, Analysis and Execution
■ Secure Wide and Local Area Networks
■ Distributed Operations
■ Web based applications (web services)
■ Secure multi-level access to information
■ Emerging/Enhanced C2 and Joint ISR Systems:■ NATO Owned and Operated Systems
■ NAEW&C – NATO Mid-term
■ Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS)
■ NATO Air Command and Control System (ACCS)
■ National Systems - Air and Ground Based■ C2 Systems
■ Joint ISR Systems
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NC3A – NAEW&C Scientific and Technical Support
■ Scientific, technical, operational and
conceptual support for NAEW&C FC to
maintain an operationally relevant
capability:■ 2009/10 Priority - Development of an
operationally viable „chat‟ capability
using HF, UHF & Iridium to support of
NAEW Force tasking■ ISAF
■ Counter-piracy
■ NRF
■ Support urgent/mission critical
requirements via applied CD&E:■ NAEW Stage I & II IP/Chat Test Rack
■ Applicable to all platforms with access to
HF, UHF and/or Iridium■ MPA
■ Air Transport
■ Ground Systems NATO UNCLASSIFIED 8
HF
UHF
Iridium
ACC- CAOC
CJTF HQ
MCCLCC
Secure WAN/LANGEP
Chat/IP data
■ Develop Joint ISR network-enabled interoperability (operational and technical) to optimize the employment of ISR resources in the Joint/Coalition Environment
■ Improve the commander‟s situation awareness through collaborative employment and use of interoperable ISR sensors and exploitation capabilities (“end to end” system approach)
■ Front end: collects data (platforms, sensors, operators...)
■ Back end: produces/disseminates intel (analysts, processors...)
■ Support architectures and integrates C2 “ends”
■ Development, evaluation and integration of operational, technical and architectural capabilities
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Representative MAJIIC Architecture Multilevel – Cross Component
JFC
ACC
FMV
MTI/SAR
EO, IR
TAC Recce
ESM
Air Surveillance
LCC
ISTAR Bn
IFC
Analyst
Analyst
Analyst
ISR OperatorAnalyst Analyst
Collection
ManagerAnalyst
CSD
CSD
CSD
CSDFMV
Analyst
ISR Operator
CSD
Analyst
GMTI
Analyst
ISR Operator
FMV
ACC: Air Component Commander
CSD: coalition Shared Data Server
EO/IR: Electro Optical Infrared
ESM: electronic Support Measures
IFC: Intelligence Fusion Centre
FMV: Full motion Video
JFC: Joint Forces Commander
LCC: Land Component Commander
MTI: Moving target indicator
SAR: Synthetic Aperture Radar
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Langley
AFB
MAJIIC
(CAOC X)
NC3A MAJIIC
JISR
systems
CSD
IRIDIUM
HF
UHF
NC3A
CAVE
MAJIIC
Secure Enclave
NAEW - MAJIIC TIE Integration Experiment Operational Architecture
XMPPChat
Network Ground Entry Point (GEP)
“”It would have been very useful if we could have done a
better job of bringing all our intelligence together very
rapidly, say aboard an AWACS where a controller then could
give more meaningful direction to the aircraft coming to the
battle.” General Chuck Horner
XMPPChat
XMPPChat
CSD
CSD
NATO UNCLASSIFIED - Releasable to Intenet
NAEW MAJIIC –TIE Experimentation Results
GMTI
Data
NATO UNCLASSIFIED - Releasable to Intenet
NAEW MAJIIC –TIE Experimentation Results
Full Motion
Video Capture
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NAEW MAJIIC –TIE Experimentation Results
NTISR System
Video Capture
NAEW&C Transformation – Way Ahead Operational
■ NAEW E-3 Force participation in NATO contingency operations
exercises and experiments (C2 and JISR support):■ Live and simulated C2ISR CD&E
■ NAEW and NATO AGS Force Harmonization – Operational/Technical:■ The NATO Owned and Operated C2ISR capability
■ Develop multi-level solutions for integration into NNEC capabilities: ■ NE-3A and E-3D – Forward and Backward Interoperability
■ NATO Force Planning - Airborne C2ISR Capability Packages for NATO:■ C2 Capabilities and Requirements
■ Operational Level Extension (CAOC, Command Ship, JFC)
■ Battle Management Execution (CRC, ASOC, ACE)
■ Joint ISR Capability■ ISR Platform – Producer/Consumer – Tasking/Analysis/Dissemination
■ Facilitator – Coordination/Management
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NAEW&C Transformation – Way Ahead Technical
■ Development of NATO Network Enabled Capabilities (NNEC):■ NNEC as a Guiding Principle – Standardization of Architectures, Systems
and Development Planning
■ Optimize current capabilities:■ Link 16 – Traditional Data Link – Options for development
■ Communications (HF, UHF, SATCOM)
■ Temporary capabilities (Iridium, on-board IP via comms)
■ Develop and integrate new capabilities – NMT and Legacy:■ IP based applications
■ Open architectures
■ Integrated solutions
■ Develop multi-track (long and short term capability benchmarks):■ Temporary capabilities – chat/IP racks)
■ Long term capabilities (Ku band SATCOM, integration into onboard
systems)
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NAEW Transformation –IP Based Capabilities
HF IP
5066
UHF IP
5066
SATCOM IP
Low Bandwidth
SATCOM IP
High Bandwidth
IRC
chat
XMPP
chat
File
Transfer
Access
Database
Operational Support Operational Participation
Radar Pickett Multi-Mission Aircraft
Update/Manage
Database
C2IS – Intelligence Applications
Ca
pa
bil
ity
Export
Database
Communications
Link 16
Chat
COTS
IP onboard
Capabilities
TimeJan 08 – Nov 09
C2 Element
ACE, Spec Ops
NGOsAEW&C
Air Battle Management
Air Surface Surveillance
Joint ISR
Analysis, Exploitation
Coordination
NAEW&C Transformation ConceptNATO Multi-Mission Aircraft (MMA)*
* The NATO – Multi-Mission Aircraft (MMA) is an NC3A Concept based on C2 /JISR CD&E not endorsed by NAEW FC, SACEUR or SACT.
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Summary
■ The NATO Operational and Technical Environment is Changing:
■ Defensive – Expeditionary Operations
■ Information Intensive Operations
■ Blurring of C2 and ISR mission requirements
■ Emerging Technical Capabilities/Requirements
■ AEW systems offer opportunities to support the environment:
■ C2 - Reach Back/Reach Forward, Operational /Tactical
■ Joint ISR – Supplier, Consumer, Facilitator
■ Way Forward into the 21st Century:
■ Long and short term plans for integration of AEW capabilities
■ Leverage, Exploit and Optimize emerging and current technologies
■ Allow the AEW to evolve into a Joint C2ISR Capability
Number 1 requirement – Vision and Commitment
CONTACTING NC3A
NC3A Brussels
Visiting address:
Bâtiment Z
Avenue du Bourget 140
B-1110 Brussels
Telephone +32 (0)2 7074111
Fax +32 (0)2 7078770
Postal address:
NATO C3 Agency
Boulevard Leopold III
B-1110 Brussels - Belgium
NC3A The Hague
Visiting address:
Oude Waalsdorperweg 61
2597 AK The Hague
Telephone +31 (0)70 3743000
Fax +31 (0)70 3743239
Postal address:
NATO C3 Agency
P.O. Box 174
2501 CD The Hague
The Netherlands
Mr. John Mahaffey – Briefer (CAT 5 JISR, MAJIIC, NAEW&C, NATO AGS, NATO Russia CAI) Ext 3782
Mr. Matt Roper - NAEW&C STS PM (CAT 5 JISR, NAEW&C, MAJIIC, NATO AGS, INT PSR 10) Ext 3697
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Backup Slides
NAEW MAJIIC Integration ExperimentObjectives
■ Objective 1: Connectivity between NE-3A and MAJIIC Joint ISR
capability via low bandwidth carrier (HF, IRIDIUM, UHF)■ Duplex access to secure wide/local area network (WAN/LAN)
■ Objective 2: Secure NE-3A chat connectivity to MAJIIC/JISR network■ Demonstrate IRC chat conversion to XMPP gateway if required
■ Join and participate in multiple C2 and JISR chat rooms
■ Objective 3: NE-3A connectivity to network enabled database (CSD)■ NE-3A operator download and display GMTI, ISR report from CSD
■ NE-3A operator uses laptop upload ISR reports to CSD.
■ Objective 4: Operational requirements capture■ IP enabled NAEW&C support to operational and tactical C2ISR networks
■ Explore NAEW&C E-3A technical and operational relationship with AGS
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NATO UNCLASSIFIED - Releasable to Intenet
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000
Search query (KES->CSD)
1.2kB cgmti
6.6kB xml
17kB xml
48kB xml
Measured download time of XML and GMTI files at variable modem speeds.
Do
wn
load
Tim
e in
Se
co
nd
s
Modem Speed
NAEW MAJIIC Connectivity Results To Date
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NAEW Empire Challenge Experiment Operational Architecture
NE-3ADeployed Ground
Entry Point (DGEP)
IRIDIUM
HF
UHF
NE-3A
EC 2010
ParticipantCSD
XMPPChat
XMPPChat CSD
EC 2010
ParticipantCSD
XMPPChatEC 2010
ParticipantCSD
XMPPChat
EC 2010
ParticipantCSD
XMPPChat
CFBLnet
Rsync
EC 2010
KSAF Network
On board CSD to be limited in capability -
Acts as a remote CSD for the master CSD
at the GEP – Synchronized to DGEP CSD
only
DGEP CSD Acts as a the master
CSD supporting the remote CSD
in the NE-3A
Meta Data moves in one direction from
the DGEP CSD (Master) to the NE-3A
CSD via the Rsync – queries and
download requests move via http back
to the DGEP CSD
EC 2010
CFE Network
XMPPChat
CSD
CDCIE
CFBLnet
CFBLnet
CFE Units and Participants use CDCIE for
X-domain solution to connect to and
support KSAF participants (e.g. chat
rooms, CSDs, etc)