Aircraft Characteristics

Tri-Option

Controller Reference

Aircraft Manual

ATG-2 July 2002

TRI-OPTION CONTROLLER REFERENCE

AIRCRAFT MANUAL

TO BE USED ONLY FOR FAA

TRAINING PURPOSES

July 2002

Revised and Updated by Federal Aviation Administration

En Route Training Section AMA-511

6500 S. MacArthur Blvd. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Table of Contents

Subject

Part I General Aircraft Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Page 1-1

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Aircraft Weight Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-2 1-2 1-3

Recognition Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5 Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engine Location and Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engine Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wing Placement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wing Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tail Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuselage Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Landing Gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-5 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-7 1-8 1-8 1-8 1-9

Aircraft Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10 Formulation Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Official Names/Model Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Requests for Aircraft-Type Designators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civil Aircraft-Type Designator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Military Aircraft-Type Designator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-10 1-10 1-10 1-11 1-11

Meteorological Impact on Aircraft Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Icing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Turbulence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Understanding Airspeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-13 1-13 1-13 1-13 1-14

Part II Aircraft Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17

Aircraft Performance Data/Abbreviations Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Category I Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Category II Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Category III Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-18 2-1 3-1 4-1

Large Twin Engine Prop Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Four Engine Prop Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Twin Engine Jet Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Three Engine Jet Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Four Engine Jet Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-1 5-1 6-1 7-1 8-1

Military Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Helicopters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-1 10-1

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1 Fixed Wing Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Helicopters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I-1 I-9

Bibliography/Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix

i

1-1

PART I

GENERAL AIRCRAFT

OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS

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I. DEFINITIONS

A. Aircraft Weight Classes

Aircraft are classified by weight. This grouping of aircraft is based upon weight parameters affecting the ATC separation minima required between aircraft for the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of traffic. The wake turbulence which may adversely affect other aircraft increases in proportion to aircraft weight. 1. Small (S): Aircraft weighing 41,000 pounds or less, maximum certificated

takeoff weight. 2. Large (L): Aircraft weighing more than 41,000 pounds, maximum certificated

takeoff weight, up to 255,000 pounds. 3. Heavy (H): Aircraft capable of takeoff weights of 255,000 pounds or more

whether or not they are operating at this weight during a particular phase of flight.

B. Aircraft Categories

As air traffic controllers our primary concern with aircraft categories is performance; i.e., rate of climb/descent, cruise and approach speed. Each aircraft is designed, built, and certified to operate within specified flight standards. We must realize that there are some variables which affect how an aircraft flies. Some of the elements that have a direct influence on an aircraft’s performance are weather conditions, weight/load factors, aircraft model variations, and pilot flying techniques. 1. Category I (Cat I): Light weight, single-engine personal-type, propeller-driven

aircraft weighing 12,500 pounds or less, and all helicopters. 2. Category II (Cat II): Light weight, twin-engine propeller-driven aircraft

weighing 12,500 pounds or less. 3. Category III (Cat III): All other aircraft such as high performance single-

engine, large twin-engine, four-engine and turbojet aircraft.

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C. General Operating Characteristics

The figures provided concerning performance data for individual aircraft categories are approximate. There are aircraft in each category that can operate in excess of the established criteria. 1. CATEGORY I AIRCRAFT: Aircraft in this category are light weight, single-

engine, personal-type, and propeller-driven, such as the C172-Skyhawk, BE35-Bonanza, and the M20P-Ranger.

The general operating characteristics for CAT I aircraft are: a. Speed: 100 – 160 knots.

b. Altitude: 10,000 feet and below.

c. Climb Rate: 1,000 feet per minute or less.

d. Weight Class: Small (S).

2. CATEGORY II AIRCRAFT: Category II aircraft are light weight, twin-engine,

propeller-driven aircraft weighing 12,500 pounds or less, such as the AC6L-Grand Commander, BE18-Twin Beech, and the C441-Cessna Conquest. The aircraft in this category are usually larger than most CAT I aircraft. The general operating characteristics for CAT II aircraft are: a. Speed: 160 – 250 knots.

b. Altitude: FL240 and below.

c. Climb Rate: 1,000 – 2,000 feet per minute.

d. Weight Class: Small (S).

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3. CATEGORY III AIRCRAFT: Category III aircraft represent a wide variety of aircraft used for commercial, business, and military aviation. The performance characteristics of CAT III aircraft will reflect a wider operating range because some are powered by reciprocating, some by turboprop and others by turbojet engines. The weight classes of the specific aircraft in this category vary from small to heavy. The general operating characteristics for CAT III aircraft are: a. Speed: 300 – 550 knots.

b. Altitude: FL450 and below.

c. Climb Rate: 2,000 – 4,000 feet per minute.

d. Weight Class: Specified for each aircraft in Orders 7110.65 and 7340.1. 4. HELICOPTERS: The expanding use of helicopters has made it necessary to

have an ability to recognize at least some of the helicopters in the air traffic control system today. There is a large variety of helicopter types, so only a representative cross section has been chosen for inclusion in this manual. All helicopters are Category I aircraft. However, the diversity of helicopter operational capabilities is difficult to group into a single performance category. Examples of helicopter performance diversity are: a. Speed: 90 – 153 knots.

b. Altitude: 6,800 – 20,000 feet.

c. Climb Rate: 500 – 2,150 feet per minute.

d. Weight Class: Small (S) – Large (L).

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II. RECOGNITION FEATURES

Learning how to correctly identify or recognize an individual aircraft by its unique combination of features has been a method used by air traffic specialists for many years. The nine most generally accepted aircraft features that have proven to be of greatest value are presented here.

A. Size

The size of an aircraft may facilitate determining aircraft type or making a distinction between aircraft that otherwise appear similar.

B. Engine Location and Number

The location and number of engines on aircraft vary with size, design, and performance requirements. The engines on aircraft are located either on or under the wings, on or through the vertical stabilizer, or on the fuselage. Knowing the location and number of engines on a particular aircraft will assist in recognition. For example, the B707 has four jet engines located under the wings. An L1011 has three jet engines, two under the wings and one through he vertical stabilizer. A B737 has two jet engines under the wings. The Jet Commander has two jet engines located on the rear of the fuselage.

B707 L1011 B737 Jet Commander Multi-engine aircraft (from two to eight engines) number their engines from the outboard left wing to the outboard right wing. This method of numbering is relative to the pilot’s perspective looking forward from inside the aircraft’s cockpit. In the example above, the engines on the L1011 are numbered appropriately.

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C. Engine Types

There are three basic types of aircraft engines: reciprocating (piston engine); turboprop (jet powered propeller); and turbojet (jet engine). 1. Reciprocating (Piston-Driven) Engines: Most lightweight and category I

aircraft operate on internal combustion engines of the reciprocating or piston type. Similar to an automobile engine, a reciprocating engine consists of cylinders, pistons, connecting rods, and a crankshaft. Generally ranging from 60 to 350 horsepower, these engines are employed in the majority of single-engine aircraft and many lightweight twin-engine aircraft.

2. Turboprop: Operating on the same general principles as a jet engine, the

turboprop engine powers many category II aircraft in both the small and large weight classes. By using a turbine engine to power a propeller, the turboprop gains horsepower and demonstrates an increase in speed and other performance factors.

3. Turbojet: Commonly referred to as a “JET” engine, the turbojet powers

category III aircraft in all weight classes. These engines derive power from the thrust of exhaust gases and are presently the highest performance aviation engine.

If difficulty persists in attempting to recognize different aircraft by size, location and number of engines, determining the type of engine may be useful. For example, a C421 has two piston engines, a PAY1 has two turboprop engines, and a C500 has two turbojet engines.

C421 PAY1 C500

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D. Wing Placement

The six remaining recognition features involve structural design characteristics, the first of which is wing placement. There are three basic wing placements; high-wing, mid-wing, and low-wing. 1. High - wing: The wing is attached to the top of the fuselage. 2. Mid - wing: The wing is center mounted on the fuselage. 3. Low - wing: The wing is mounted beneath the fuselage. The majority of aircraft have either a high-wing or low-wing placement. An example of a high-wing aircraft is the C172. The WW23 sports the mid-wing mounting, and the BL17 is a low-wing aircraft.

C172 WW23 BL17

E. Wing Configuration

Each wing has a particular shape dictated by the requirements for which the airplane is designed. There are three basic wing configurations: 1. Straight - wing 2. Swept - wing 3. Delta - wing These configurations apply to the wing’s leading edge. The PA32 has a straight-wing configuration. The B757 has the swept design, and the Concorde has a delta wing.

PA32 B757 CONCORDE

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F. Tail Configuration (Empennage Area)

The empennage is the tail assembly of an airplane. There are six basic tail configurations: 1. The conventional tail

2. Forward slant vertical stabilizer

3. Horizontal stabilizer above the fuselage

4. “T” – tail (swept or straight)

5. “V” – tail

6. “Twin boom” tail The BE35 Bonanza has a “V”-tail, and the C172 has a conventional tail. The following examples illustrate other tail configurations: The C337 has a “twin-boom” tail assembly; the MO21 has a forward-slanted vertical stabilizer. The L329 has the horizontal stabilizer located above the fuselage, and the B727 has a “T”-tail.

C337 MO21 L329 B727

G. Windows

Aircraft have windows of various shapes and sizes. The number, arrangement, and alignment differ with the structural design of the aircraft. Recognizing windows on certain aircraft may be instrumental in identifying or distinguishing one aircraft from another. Some of the different window shapes used are: teardrop, oval, round, and square. The windshield may be sectioned or wrap around.

H. Fuselage Shape

Fuselage shapes differ considerably based on the function for which the airplane is designed, the type of power plant employed, and the materials used. Fuselages designed for the purpose of transporting passengers and cargo are larger than those of high performance aircraft with long and thin fuselages designed for speed and high altitude capabilities. Aircraft employing turboprop and jet engines are capable of achieving higher altitudes, requiring pressurization that will influence fuselage shape. The use of wood and fiber, aluminum, or composite materials in airframe construction affects the fuselage shape due to the characteristics of the materials.

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I. Landing Gear

There are three basic types of landing gear systems: 1. Tricycle 2. Conventional 3. Tandem These systems can be configured for permanent placement, fixed, or retractable capabilities. Tricycle landing gear consists of two main landing gear located aft of the aircraft’s center of gravity and a forward nose gear. Aircraft with the main landing gear up front and a tail wheel are called conventional gear aircraft. Tandem landing gear are mounted under and along the centerline of the fuselage, as in the B52. Examples of a tricycle and conventional landing gear are the C172 and PA18, respectively:

C172 PA18

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III. AIRCRAFT DESIGNATIONS

A. Formulation Characteristics

There are a few distinct characteristics concerning the formulation and use of aircraft-type designators. A designator may contain as many as four, but no less than two, characters. Aircraft designators can be composed entirely of letters or a combination of alpha and numeric characters. The first character must be a letter (Mission/Type symbol) so they will not be composed entirely of numbers. The Mission/Type symbol is followed by a design number and together makes up the aircraft-type designator. New designators will only be assigned to new type aircraft and to those modifications, or different models of a type, when the weight category or stopping- distance group changes. A new design number will be assigned when an existing airplane is redesigned or modified, either in appearance or operation, to such an extent that the new design no longer reflects the design configuration or capability.

B. Official Names/Model Names

The current listing of aircraft manufacturers, type designators, and model names is available in FAA Order 7110.65, Appendix A. Similar information for helicopters and rotorcraft is found in Appendix B. More comprehensive listings can be found in FAA Order 7340.1.

C. Requests for Aircraft-Type Designators

Requests for aircraft-type designators are submitted to the FAA Headquarter; Flight Service Operations Division; ATP-300, 800 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20591. All requests must include enough data to support the need for establishing a new aircraft-type designator.

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D. Civil Aircraft-Type Designator

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is responsible for the official aircraft-type designators which are listed in FAA Orders 7110.65 and 7340.1. The FAA assigns letters to represent the names of aircraft manufacturers or a particular line of aircraft. The aircraft companies designate an official name and model number to identify each aircraft produced. The FAA uses a combination of the company name and aircraft model name or number to formulate the authorized civil designator. Type designators are used by agencies that provide air traffic control, communications, weather, and aviation related services. Some examples of civil-type designators are listed below:

1. AC90: AC – Rockwell, 90 - Turbo Commander model. 2. BE55: BE – Beech, 55 – Baron, model 55 3. C150: C – Cessna, 150 – Commuter, model 150

E. Military Aircraft-Type Designator

The FAA, working with the Department of Defense (DOD), establishes the authorized military-type designators. For air traffic control and aviation related functions, only the principal elements of each military-type designation shall be used. Military designators are formulated by using two elements of information. First, the basic mission/type symbol which is represented by a letter denoting the primary function or military capability of an aircraft. Secondly, the companies producing military aircraft use design numbers to denote a design or series of a basic aircraft configuration. Design number may be 1 through 999. These elements are combined to establish the military-type designator which is normally limited to four characters or less. Listed on the following pages are examples of mission symbols and military-type designators.

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Alpha character indicating the aircraft mission

Alphanumeric type designator representing the model or series

1. A – Attack 1. A37 2. B – Bomber 2. B52 3. C – Cargo Transport 3. C130 4. E – Special Electronic

Installation 4. E2

5. F – Fighter 5. F15 6. H – Helicopter 6. H47 7. K – Tanker 7. K35A 8. O – Observation 8. O1 9. P – Patrol 9. P3

10. R – Reconnaissance 10. RF4 11. S – Antisubmarine 11. S3 12. T – Trainer 12. T38 13. U – Utility 13. UH1 14. V – VTOL and STOL 14. V22 15. X – Research 15. X15

Examples of military-type designators with a manufacturer and model breakdown are listed below. 1. B52: B – Bomber, 52 – Stratofortress series. 2. C141: C – Cargo, 141 – Starlifter series. 3. F4: F – Fighter, 4 – Phantom series In addition to the examples given above, these aircraft are also given suffix letters denoting the version of a particular model. This occurs when modifications to military aircraft are made, and when the changes are not enough to warrant a new type designator, yet require a method to differentiate one version from another. Examples of this method of designation are: F14A–F14D, and C5A–C5B.

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IV. METEOROLOGICAL IMPACT ON AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE

A. Temperature

Changes in air temperature cause changes in air density which in turn have an effect on aircraft performance. Since an aircraft uses air to create lift, extremes of temperature can cause significant changes to performance. 1. Heat: When the air is hot it is less dense, causing a decrease in climb/descent rates. 2. Cold: When the air is cold it is more dense, causing an increase in climb/descent rates.

B. Wind

Wind will affect an aircraft’s ground speed and true course. When flying with the wind (tailwind), ground speed is increased in proportion to wind velocity. Conversely, when flying into the wind (headwind), ground speed decreases. Wind will also affect an aircraft’s track over the ground (true course), based on wind direction and velocity. An aircraft traveling from point A to point B must correct the heading it flies for the effects of wind in order to achieve the desired track. Strong low level winds can have adverse effects on aircraft by causing low level wind shear and slower/faster speeds. It also increases pilot requests for altitude changes.

C. Icing

Aircraft experiencing icing conditions will have abnormal climb and descent rates and a slower speed due to increased drag. Requests for altitude changes and the potential for in-flight emergencies due to the inability to maintain altitude are likely.

D. Turbulence

Effects of turbulence on aircraft will range from requests for altitude changes and passenger discomfort to actual damage to the aircraft. The intensity of turbulence is related to aircraft type and size. What seems “severe” to small aircraft may be “light” to heavy aircraft.

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V. UNDERSTANDING AIRSPEED

As air traffic controllers our jobs are becoming more affected by requirements pertaining to en route spacing, arrival sequencing and Traffic Management procedures. One of the tools used to meet these requirements is speed control. In order to understand speed control, the controller must first understand some basic terms: Indicated Airspeed (IAS): The direct instrument reading obtained from the airspeed indicator, uncorrected for variation in atmospheric density, installation error, or instrument error. True Airspeed (TAS): The actual speed of an aircraft through the air, in knots. Ground Speed (GS): The actual speed of an aircraft across the earth, which is what results when true airspeed is corrected for the effects of wind. Mach Speed: True airspeed expressed as a fraction of the speed of sound. Example: Mach .81. Since most aircraft above FL240 express their airspeed in reference to Mach speed, as controllers we need to understand the concept of Mach airspeed. Mach 1 is the speed of sound. The speed of sound varies with air density and temperature. At sea level and standard temperature (59 degrees F.), Mach 1 equals about 661K TAS. As air gets progressively colder with altitude, the speed of sound is reduced (about 572K TAS at FL370). The following chart gives a more detailed example of this temperature/Mach relationship.

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TEMPERATURE/MACH/AIRSPEED

MACH

FL IAS TAS

.77

.77

.77

.77

.80

.80

.80

.80

.84

.84

.84

.84

410 370 310 270

410 370 310 270

410 370 310 270

242 253 280 299

251 263 291 310

264 276 495 502

440 440 453 460

458 458 471 478

480 480 495 502

As the above chart indicates, the relationship between Mach number and true airspeed varies with altitude or temperature. As controllers, this relationship affects how we operate, because when we assign matching Mach speeds to effect spacing, the aircraft must be at the same altitude to achieve the desired result. If there were no winds and conditions were constant, a chart such as this could be an exact speed adjustment tool for ATC purposes. However, certain factors such as temperature, humidity, and instrument error render Mach speed control an inexact science. Controllers should remember that aircraft operating at different altitudes may actually have different ground speeds even though they are operating at the same Mach number.

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1-17

PART II

AIRCRAFT DATA

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Aircraft Performance Data/Abbreviation Key

Performance Data

Presented below is an explanation of the aircraft data found in this manual, specifically how the data is derived and presented.

Official FAA Type-Designator(s) Manufacturer (Country) “Model Name(s)” Seats, Number and Type of Engines

Aircraft Category (I, II, or III)

Climb Rate: Standard to maximum in feet per minute

Descent Rate: Standard to maximum in feet per minute

Length: Fuselage length in feet

Height: Fuselage height in feet

Wingspan: In feet from wing tip to wing tip

Main Rotor: Diameter of helicopter main blade in feet

Tail Rotor: Diameter of tail in feet

Engine: Manufacturer abbreviation, engine model number, horsepower, shaft horsepower or pounds of thrust per engine.

Ceiling: The ceiling may be Certified, Service, Absolute, or estimated. An estimated ceiling is denoted with a “+”.

Speed: A range from the optimum to the maximum true airspeed in knots. Most speeds are at standard temperature and pressure.

Stall Speed Clean: Stalling speed, flaps and/or gear up

Stall Speed Dirty: Stalling speed, flaps and/or gear down

Approach Speed: Generally 1.3 times the stall speed dirty

Range: Maximum range based on operating at the optimum altitude and speed, in nautical miles

Weight Class: Small (S), Large (L), or Heavy (H), in accordance with Order 7110.65.

SOIR Group: Simultaneous Operations on Intersecting Runways (SOIR), in accordance with Order 7110.65.

Abbreviations

ALL – Allison AS- Allied Signal CONT – Continental ehp – effective horsepower e.s.h.p. – effective shaft horsepower fpm – feet per minute ft – feet GAR – Garrett GE – General Electric hp - horsepower hrs – hours

IAE – International Aero Engines kts – knots lb. st. – pounds of thrust LYC – Lycoming M – Mach nm – nautical miles P&W – Pratt and Whitney RR – Rolls Royce shp – shaft horsepower WR – Williams/Rolls

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CATEGORY I

AIRCRAFT

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AA1 Grumman (USA) “Yankee AA-1 B/C” 2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Peter Vercruijsse Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 705-750 fpm Length: 19.3 ft Wing Span: 24.5 ft Ceiling: 11,900 ft Speed: 110-126 kts Range: 384 nm

Descent Rate: 705-1,000 fpm Height: 7.6 ft Engine: LYC O-235, 115 hp Stall Speed Clean: 54 kts Weight Class: S

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AA5 Grumman American (USA) “Traveler/Cheetah/Tiger” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 413-850 fpm Length: 22.0 ft Wing Span: 31.5 ft Ceiling: 13,800 ft Speed: 120-148 kts Range: 585 nm, 5.1 hrs

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 7.6 ft Engine: LYC O-360, 150-180 hp Stall Speed Clean: 56 kts Weight Class: S

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AC11 Rockwell (USA) “Commander 112/114” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Neville Murphy Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 890-1,020 fpm Length: 25.0 ft Wing Span: 32.1 ft Ceiling: 13,900 ft Speed: 140-207 kts Range: 820-1,025 nm

Descent Rate: 1,200-1,500 fpm Height: 8.5 ft Engine: LYC O-360, 180-260 hp Stall Speed Clean: 70 kts Weight Class: S

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BE19 Beech (USA) “Sport/Musketeer Sport” 2-4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 680 fpm Length: 25.8 ft Wing Span: 32.9 ft Ceiling: 11,100 ft Speed: 96-107 kts Range: 316-563 nm

Descent Rate: 680 fpm Height: 8.3 ft Engine: LYC O-320, 150 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 49 kts Weight Class: S

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BE23 Beech (USA) “Sundowner/Musketeer 23” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Frank Schaefer Airliners.net


Descent Rate: 740-800 fpm Height: 8.3 ft Engine: LYC O-360, 180 hp Stall Speed Clean: 63 kts Weight Class: S

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BE24 Beech (USA) “Sierra” 4-6 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Joe Brown Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 300-927 fpm Length: 25.8 ft Wing Span: 32.8 ft Ceiling: 14,340-15,385 ft Speed: 125-157 kts Range: 686-789 nm

Descent Rate: 927-1,000 fpm Height: 8.1 ft Engine: LYC IO-360, 200 hp Stall Speed Clean: 69 kts Weight Class: S

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BE33/BE35 Beech (USA) “Debonair (Straight-Tail)/Bonanza 35 (V-Tail)” 4-5 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photos by Neville Murphy Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 670-1,167 fpm Length: 26.5 ft Wing Span: 33.6 ft Ceiling: 17,858 ft Speed: 163-198 kts Range: 716-1,044 nm

Descent Rate: 1,136-1,200 fpm Height: 7.6-8.3 ft Engine: CONT IO-520, 185-285 hp Stall Speed Clean: 64 kts Weight Class: S

Debonair also called Bonanza 33.

2-9

BE36 Beech (USA) “Bonanza 36” 4-6 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 570-1,165 fpm Length: 27.5 ft Wing Span: 33.5 ft Ceiling: 16,600-25,000 ft Speed: 158-223 kts Range: 697-1,032 nm

Descent Rate: 1,100 fpm Height: 8.4 ft Engine: CONT IO-520, 285 hp Stall Speed Clean: 65 kts Weight Class: S

The Beech 36 turbocharged 300 shp model will climb at 1,165 fpm and cruise up to 34 kts faster.

2-10

BE77 Beech (USA) “Skipper” 2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Julien Moerenhout Airliners.net



2-11

BL8 Bellanca (USA) “Decathlon/Super Decathlon/Scout” 2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 480-1,080 fpm Length: 22.8 ft Wing Span: 36.2 ft Ceiling: 15,000 ft Speed: 100-117 kts Range: 900 nm

Descent Rate: 1,080 fpm Height: 8.7 ft Engine: LYC O-235, 180 hp Stall Speed Clean: 50 kts Weight Class: S

2-12

BL17 Bellanca (USA) “Super/Turbo Viking” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Chris Coduto Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 800-1,210 fpm Length: 26.3 ft Wing Span: 34.2 ft Ceiling: 17,000-24,000 ft Speed: 162-193 kts Range: 634-929 nm

Descent Rate: 1,170-1,210 fpm Height: 7.3 ft Engine: CONT IO-520 (Super), or LYC IO-540 (Turbo), 180-300 hp Stall Speed Clean: 68 kts Weight Class: S

2-13

C150 Cessna (USA) “Commuter” 2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 670 fpm Length: 21.7 ft Wing Span: 33.6 ft Ceiling: 12,650 ft Speed: 89-108 kts Range: 491 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 7.1 ft Engine: CONT O-200, 100 hp Stall Speed Clean: 48 kts Weight Class: S

2-14

C152 Cessna (USA) “Cessna 152/Aerobat” 2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 380-750 fpm Length: 24.1 ft Wing Span: 32.8-33.2 ft Ceiling: 14,000-14,700 ft Speed: 102-123 kts Range: 320-690 nm


2-15

C172/C72R Cessna (USA) “Skyhawk/Cutlass/Mescalero” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 400-810 fpm Length: 26.11-27.4 ft Wing Span: 35.8-36.0 ft Ceiling: 12,000-16,800 ft Speed: 115-161 kts Range: 883 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 8.8 ft Engine: LYC O-320 or IO-360, 160-180 hp Stall Speed Clean: 50 kts Weight Class: S

A C172 equipped with an optional 50-gallon fuel tank will have a longer range than the standard model. The C72R has retractable gear.

2-16

C177/C77R Cessna (USA) “Cardinal” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I



Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 8.7 ft Engine: CONT O-360, 180 hp Stall Speed Clean: 55 kts Weight Class: S

The C177 is one of two single engine Cessna aircraft that have no wing struts; the other is the C210. The C77R has retractable gear.

2-17

C180/C185 Cessna (USA) “Skywagon 180/Skywagon 185” 6 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 590-1,130 fpm Length: 25.6-25.9 ft Wing Span: 35.1-35.8 ft Ceiling: 17,900 ft Speed: 133-148 kts Range: 575-972 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000-1,130 fpm Height: 7.8 ft Engine: CONT O-470, 230-300 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 49 kts Weight Class: S

Conventional gear aircraft.

2-18

C182/C82R Cessna (USA) “Skylane/Turbo Skylane/Skylane RG” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 560-1,140 fpm Length: 28.1-28.6 ft Wing Span: 35.8 ft Ceiling: 14,300-20,000 ft Speed: 135-187 kts Range: 600-1,080 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 8.9-9.3 ft Engine: CONT O-470 or LYC IO-540, 230 hp Stall Speed Clean: 56 kts Weight Class: S

The C82R has retractable gear.

2-19

C188 Cessna (USA) “AGWagon/AGTruck/AGHusky” 1 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 480-1,000 fpm Length: 25.11 ft Wing Span: 40.1-41.8 ft Ceiling: 9,100 ft Speed: 105 kts Range: 226 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 8.2 ft Engine: CONT O-520, 300-310 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 60 kts Weight Class: S

2-20

C206 Cessna (USA) “Stationair 6/Turbo Stationair 6”

6 Seat, Single Engine Prop Category: I


Climb Rate: 470-1,010 fpm Length: 28.0-28.2 ft Wing Span: 35.8 ft Ceiling: 14,800-27,000 ft Speed: 136-167 kts Range: 886 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 9.4-9.6 ft Engine: CONT IO/TSIO-520 or LYC IO/TIO-540, 300-310 hp Stall Speed Clean: 62 kts Weight Class: S

2-21

C207 Cessna (USA) “Stationair 7/8/Turbo” 7-8 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 810-885 fpm Length: 32.2 ft Wing Span: 35.1 ft Ceiling: 13,303-26,000 ft Speed: 138-160 kts Range: 390-690 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 9.7 ft Engine: CONT IO-520, 300-310 hp Stall Speed Clean: 65 kts Weight Class: S

2-22

C208 Cessna (USA) “Caravan/Grand Caravan” 7-11 Seat, Single Engine Turboprop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 385-1,400 fpm Length: 32.2-37.7 ft Wing Span: 35.8-52.1 ft Ceiling: 13,300-27,600 ft Speed: 132-184 kts Range: 1,370 nm

Descent Rate: 1,400 fpm Height: 9.6-14.2 ft Engine: CONT TSIO-520, 300 hp - 600 shp Stall Speed Clean: 70 kts Weight Class: S

2-23

C210 Cessna (USA) “Centurion/Turbo Centurion” 6 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 950 fpm Length: 28.2 ft Wing Span: 36.8 ft Ceiling: 15,500-27,000 ft Speed: 160-206 kts Range: 925-1,059 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 9.7 ft Engine: CONT IO-520, 300-310 hp Stall Speed Clean: 65 kts Weight Class: S

2-24

CH7A Bellanca (USA) “Champion Citabria” 2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Terry Shepherd Airliners.net



Citabria spelled backwards is Airbatic.

2-25

DO27 Dornier GmbH (FRG) “Do 27” 6-8 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Erik Frikke Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 700 fpm Length: 31.6 ft Wing Span: 39.5 ft Ceiling: 10,800 ft Speed: 102-125 kts Range: 800 nm

Descent Rate: 800 fpm Height: 9.3 ft Engine: LYC GO-480, 270 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 37-39 kts Weight Class: S

The Do27 is a Short Take Off and Landing (STOL) aircraft.

2-26

LA4 Lake Aircraft (USA) “LA-4/200/Buccaneer” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,000-1,200 fpm Length: 24.11 ft Wing Span: 38.0 ft Ceiling: 14,700 ft Speed: 130 kts Range: 716 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 9.4 ft Engine: LYC IO-360, 200 hp Stall Speed Clean: 45 kts Weight Class: S

Amphibian aircraft.

2-27

M4/M5 Maule (USA) “M-4 Strata-Rocket/M-5 Lunar-Rocket” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I




2-28

M20P Mooney (USA) “M20/Mark 21/Ranger/Chaparral/Executive” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 800-1,000 fpm Length: 23.2 ft Wing Span: 35.0 ft Ceiling: 19,500 ft Speed: 133-175 kts Range: 878-974 nm

Descent Rate: 800-1,000 fpm Height: 8.4 ft Engine: LYC O-360, 180 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 57 kts Weight Class: S

2-29

P210 Cessna (USA) “Pressurized Centurion” 6 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,150 fpm Length: 28.2 ft Wing Span: 38.8 ft Ceiling: 25,000 ft Speed: 212-224 kts Range: 715 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 9.7 ft Engine: CONT TSIO-520, 325 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 55 kts Weight Class: S

2-30

PA11/PA18 Piper (USA) “Cub Special/Super Cub” 2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 514-960 fpm Length: 27.5 ft Wing Span: 35.3ft Ceiling: 19,000 ft Speed: 100-113 kts Range: 496 nm

Descent Rate: 500-1,000 fpm Height: 6.7 ft Engine: LYC O-320, 150 hp Stall Speed Clean: 40 kts Weight Class: S

2-31

PA24 Piper (USA) “Comanche” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Colin K. Work Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 910-1,350 fpm Length: 24.11 ft Wing Span: 36.0 ft Ceiling: 20,600 ft Speed: 145 kts Range: 575-1,650 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 7.3 ft Engine: LYC O-540, 250 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 53 kts Weight Class: S

2-32

P28A Piper (USA) “Cherokee/Archer/Warrior” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 340-940 fpm Length: 23.8-25.0 ft Wing Span: 32.2-35.0 ft Ceiling: 16,400 ft Speed: 115-162 kts Range: 575-884 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 7.3-7.6 ft Engine: LYC O-540, 160-235 hp Stall Speed Clean: 56-65 kts Weight Class: S

The Dakota/Turbo Dakota/Charger/Pathfinder models are designated as the P28B.

2-33

P28R/P28T Piper (USA) “Arrow 2/3/4, Turbo Arrow 2/3/4” 4 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 900 fpm Length: 27.0-27.3 ft Wing Span: 35.4 ft Ceiling: 15,000-20,000 ft Speed: 128-198 kts Range: 642-1,320 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 8.3 ft Engine: LYC IO-360, 200 hp Stall Speed Clean: 58-67 kts Weight Class: S

P28T is the designator for the Arrow 4 and Turbo Arrow 4.

2-34

PA32/P32R/P32T Piper (USA) “Cherokee Six/Lance/Saratoga” 6-7 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 850-1,075 fpm Length: 28.3-29.0 ft Wing Span: 36.0 ft Ceiling: 14,100-20,000 ft Speed: 146-203 kts Range: 738-1,070 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 9.0 ft Engine: LYC IO-540/TIO-540, 260-300 hp Stall Speed Clean: 63-65 kts Weight Class: S

The P32R has retractable gear. The P32T is the turbocharged Lance.

2-35

PA38 Piper (USA) “Tomahawk” 2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 305-750 fpm Length: 23.1 ft Wing Span: 34.0 ft Ceiling: 13,000 ft Speed: 92-109 kts Range: 450-542 nm


2-36

PA46 Piper (USA) “Malibu/ Malibu Mirage” 6 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,000 fpm Length: 28.7 ft Wing Span: 43.0 ft Ceiling: 25,000 ft Speed: 185-237 kts Range: 1,260 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 11.6 ft Engine: LYC TIO-540, 310-350 hp Stall Speed Clean: 72 kts Weight Class: S

2-37

P46T Piper (USA) “Malibu Meridian” 6 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,739 fpm Length: 29.6 ft Wing Span: 43.0 ft Ceiling: 30,000 ft Speed: 262 kts Range: 1,018 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 11.3 ft Engine: PT6A, 500 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 60 kts Weight Class: S

2-38

PTS1/PTS2 Christen (USA) “Pitts S-1 Special/Pitts S-2 Special” 1-2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,500-2,000 fpm Length: 15.5-17.8 ft Wing Span: 17.3-20.0 ft Ceiling: 17,000-18,000 ft Speed: 139-153 kts Range: 275 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 6.3-6.4 ft Engine: LYC IO-360, 180-200 hp Stall Speed Clean: 56 kts Weight Class: S

2-39

RANG Navion (USA) “Rangemaster” 4-5 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,250-1,375 fpm Length: 27.5 ft Wing Span: 34.9 ft Ceiling: 21,500 ft Speed: 143-165 kts Range: 1,042-1,333 nm


2-40

T34P Beech (USA) “Mentor” 2 Seat, Single Engine Prop

Category: I

Photo by Tony Zeljeznjak Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 1,120-1,150 fpm Length: 25.11 ft Wing Span: 32.1 ft Ceiling: 18,200 ft Speed: 150-164 kts Range: 737 nm

Descent Rate: 1,150 fpm Height: 9.7 ft Engine: CONT O-470, 225 hp Weight Class: S

The T34P is turbocharged. The T34T is a turboprop.

3-1

CATEGORY II

AIRCRAFT

3-2

AC50 Rockwell (USA) “Commander 500/Shrike Commander” 5-7 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II

Photo by James Richard Covington, Jr. Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 1,340-1,450 fpm Length: 35.1 ft Wing Span: 49.0 ft Ceiling: 19,400-21,000 ft Speed: 153-195 kts Range: 826-1,230 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500-2,500 fpm Height: 14.9 ft Engine: LYC IO-540, 290 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 59 kts Weight Class: S

3-3

AC56 Rockwell (USA) “Commander 560” 5-7 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II

Photo by Rodolfo Philipp Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 1,400 fpm Length: 35.1 ft Wing Span: 49.6 ft Ceiling: 19,400-21,900 ft Speed: 153-201 kts Range: 1,705 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 14.6 ft Engine: LYC IGO-540, 350 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 73.5 kts Weight Class: S

3-4

AC6L Rockwell (USA) “Grand Commander 685/680FL” 8-10 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II

Photo by Eduard Marmet Airliners.net


Descent Rate: 1,250 fpm Height: 14.9 ft Engine: LYC GTSIO-520, 435 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 72 kts Weight Class: S

3-5

AC80/AC90 Rockwell (USA) “Turbo Commander 680/690” 5-7 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II

Photo by Jochen Thoma Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 2,500-2,894 fpm Length: 44.4 ft Wing Span: 46.6 ft Ceiling: 33,000 ft Speed: 285 kts Range: 1,471 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 14.9 ft Engine: GAR TPE-331, 700 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 77 kts Weight Class: S

3-6

AEST Piper/Ted Smith (USA) “Aero Star” 6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,150-1,800 fpm Length: 34.9 ft Wing Span: 34.2-36.8 ft Ceiling: 21,200-30,000 ft Speed: 202-257 kts Range: 820-1,218 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500fpm Height: 12.1 ft Engine: LYC IO-540, 290 hp Stall Speed Clean: 79 kts Weight Class: S

3-7

BE10 Beech (USA) “King Air 100 A/B” 8-15 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II

Photo by Pierre Langlois Airliners.net


Descent Rate: 2,250 fpm Height: 15.4 ft Engine: P&W PT6, 680-715 shp Stall Speed Clean: 93 kts Weight Class: S

3-8

BE18 Beech (USA) “Twin Beech/Super H18” 5-11 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II

Photo by John P. Stewart Airliners.net


Descent Rate: 1,400 fpm Height: 9.4 ft Engine: P&W R985, 450 hp Stall Speed Clean: 82 kts Weight Class: S

3-9

BE20 Beech (USA) “Super King Air 200” 8-15 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 2,150-2,450 fpm Length: 43.8 ft Wing Span: 50.3-54.5 ft Ceiling: 28,000-35,000 ft Speed: 242-289 kts Range: 1,192-2,027 nm

Descent Rate: 2,450-3,000 fpm Height: 14.3-15.0 ft Engine: P&W PT6A, 550-850 shp Stall Speed Clean: 99 kts Weight Class: S

3-10

BE50 Beech (USA) “Twin Bonanza 50” 6-7 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,270-1,600 fpm Length: 31.6 ft Wing Span: 45.11 ft Ceiling: 19,000-29,150 ft Speed: 204 kts Range: 1,433 nm

Descent Rate: 1,600 fpm Height: 11.4 ft Engine: LYC IGSO-480, 260-340 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 56-60 kts Weight Class: S

3-11

BE55 Beech (USA) “Baron 55/Cochise” 4-6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,000-1,750 fpm Length: 28.0-29.11 ft Wing Span: 37.1 ft Ceiling: 20,000 ft Speed: 170-240 kts Range: 1,212 nm

Descent Rate: 1,700 fpm Height: 9.2-9.6 ft Engine: CONT IO-470, 260-285 hp Stall Speed Clean: 83 kts Weight Class: S

3-12

BE58 Beech (USA) “Baron 58” 4-6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 960-1,660 fpm Length: 29.8-29.9 ft Wing Span: 37.8 ft Ceiling: 18,600-25,000 ft Speed: 190-261 kts Range: 1,418 nm

Descent Rate: 1,730 fpm Height: 9.2-9.5 ft Engine: CONT TSIO-520, 285-325 hp Stall Speed Clean: 84 kts Weight Class: S

A turbocharged version of the BE58 was also produced.

3-13

BE60 Beech (USA) “Duke 60” 4-6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,460-1,610 fpm Length: 33.1 ft Wing Span: 39.5 ft Ceiling: 30,800 ft Speed: 185-246 kts Range: 1,347 nm

Descent Rate: 1,600 fpm Height: 12.3 ft Engine: LYC TIO-541, 380 hp Stall Speed Clean: 81 kts Weight Class: S

3-14

BE65/80/88 Beech (USA) “Queen Air” 7-11 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,275-1,600 fpm Length: 35.3-35.5 ft Wing Span: 45.1-50.3 ft Ceiling: 21,400-34,500 ft Speed: 144-215 kts Range: 908-1,442 nm

Descent Rate: 1,275-1,375 fpm Height: 14.3-14.8 ft Engine: LYC IGSO-540/480, 340-380 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 67 kts Weight Class: S

3-15

BE76 Beech (USA) “Duchess 76” 4 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 760-1,248 fpm Length: 29.0 ft Wing Span: 38.0 ft Ceiling: 19,650 ft Speed: 156-194 kts Range: 623-837 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500fpm Height: 9.5 ft Engine: LYC O-360, 180 hp Stall Speed Clean: 70 kts Weight Class: S

3-16

BE9L/BE9T Beech (USA) “King Air A90 thru E90/F90” 6-10 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,870-2,380 fpm Length: 35.5-39.8 ft Wing Span: 45.9-50.3 ft Ceiling: 23,100-31,000 ft Speed: 218-279 kts Range: 1,075-1,785 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 14.3-15.1 ft Engine: P&W PT6A, 550-750 shp Stall Speed Clean: 89-94 kts Weight Class: S

BE9T is the designator for the T-tail F90 model King Air.

3-17

BE95 Beech (USA) “Travelair” 4-5 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,250 fpm Length: 25.11 ft Wing Span: 37.1 ft Ceiling: 20,000 ft Speed: 182 kts Range: 899 nm

Descent Rate: 1,250 fpm Height: 9.6 ft Engine: LYC O-360, 180 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 61 kts Weight Class: S

3-18

BE99 Beech (USA) “Airliner 99” 8-21 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II



Descent Rate: 1,750 fpm Height: 14.4 Engine: P&W PT6A, 680-1,280 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 88 kts Weight Class: S

3-19

C303 Cessna (USA) “Crusader” 6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II

Photo by Julien Moerenhout Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 1,480-3,500 fpm Length: 30.5 ft Wing Span: 39.0 ft Ceiling: 25,000 ft Speed: 180-216 kts Range: 835-1,020 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 13.4 ft Engine: CONT TSIO-520, 250 hp Stall Speed Clean: 68 kts Weight Class: S

3-20

C310 Cessna (USA) “Cessna 310/Riley Rocket” 4-6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,662-2,800 fpm Length: 31.9-32.0 ft Wing Span: 36.9 ft Ceiling: 19,750-27,400 ft Speed: 182-237 kts Range: 615 nm


3-21

C335 Cessna (USA) “Cessna 335” 6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II




3-22

C336/C337 Cessna (USA) “Skymaster/Super Skymaster” 4-6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II



Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 9.2 ft Engine: CONT TSIO-360, 210-225 hp Stall Speed Clean: 70 kts Weight Class: S

The C336 Skymaster has fixed gear; the C337 Super Skymaster has retractable gear.

3-23


Category: II




3-24

C402 Cessna (USA) “Cessna 401/402/Businessliner” 6-10 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,325-2,700 fpm Length: 33.9-36.4 ft Wing Span: 39.1-44.1 ft Ceiling: 26,180-26,900 ft Speed: 142-213 kts Range: 602-1,362 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 11.5-11.8 ft Engine: CONT TSIO-520, 300-325 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 69-78 kts Weight Class: S

The FAA type designator C402 is used for both the C401 and the C402.

3-25

C404 Cessna (USA) “Titan” 2-11 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II



Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 13.3 ft Engine: CONT GTSIO-520, 375 hp Stall Speed Clean: 83 kts Weight Class: S

3-26


Category: II

Photo by Lindsay Hockey Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 2,800 fpm Length: 33.0 ft Wing Span: 39.1 ft Ceiling: 26,000 ft Speed: 180 kts Range: 800-886 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 11.1 ft Engine: CONT GTSIO-520, 340 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 72 kts Weight Class: S

3-27

C414 Cessna (USA) “Chancellor” 6-8 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II




3-28

C421 Cessna (USA) “Golden Eagle” 8 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II



Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 11.5 ft Engine: CONT GTSIO-520, 375 hp Stall Speed Clean: 83 kts Weight Class: S

Earlier models of the C421 have tip tanks.

3-29

C425 Cessna (USA) “Corsair/Conquest I” 6-8 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 2,500-3,500 fpm Length: 36.4 ft Wing Span: 44.1 ft Ceiling: 24,000-35,000 ft Speed: 257-264 kts Range: 1,340-1,457 nm

Descent Rate: 2,500 fpm Height: 12.6 ft Engine: P&W PT6A, 450-620 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 84 kts Weight Class: S

3-30

C441 Cessna (USA) “Conquest II” 8-11 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II



Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 13.1 ft Engine: GAR TPE-331, 635 shp Stall Speed Clean: 90 kts Weight Class: S

3-31

DHC6 DeHavilland (Canada/UK) “Twin Otter” 18-22 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,600 fpm Length: 51.9 ft Wing Span: 64.0 ft Ceiling: 27,000 ft Speed: 145-182 kts Range: 700-892 nm

Descent Rate: 1,800 fpm Height: 19.6 ft Engine: P&W PT6A, 620 shp Stall Speed Clean: 74 kts Weight Class: S

3-32

DO28 Dornier GmbH (FRG) “Do 28 A/B” 10 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,150-1,500 fpm Length: 37.5 ft Wing Span: 50.1 ft Ceiling: 29,600 ft Speed: 178-183 kts Range: 985 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 12.9 ft Engine: P&W PT6A, 406 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 39-57 kts Weight Class: S

3-33

E110 Embraer (Brazil) “Bandeirante/EMB-110” 7-21 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II



Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 15.5 ft Engine: P&W PT6A, 750 shp Stall Speed Clean: 91 kts Weight Class: S

3-34

MU2 Mitsubishi (USA/Japan) “MU-2/Marquise/Solitaire” 7-11 Twin, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II

Photo by John Davies Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 3,500-4,000 fpm Length: 33.3-39.4 ft Wing Span: 39.2 ft Ceiling: 31,000-35,000 ft Speed: 296-313 kts Range: 1,350-1,626 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 12.9-13.7 ft Engine: GAR TPE-331, 665-778 shp Stall Speed Clean: 100 kts Weight Class: S

3-35

PA23/PA27 Piper (USA) “Apache/Aztec” 5-6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II

Photos by Pierre Langlois Airliners.net


Descent Rate: 1,000-1,500 fpm Height: 10.1 ft Engine: LYC O-320, 150 hp LYC TIO-540, 250 hp Stall Speed Clean: 61-64 kts Weight Class: S

The PA23 Apache is the predecessor to the PA27 Aztec, and is represented by the figures shown at the lower end of the performance spectrum.

3-36

PA30 Piper (USA) “Twin Comanche” 4-6 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,460-1,500 fpm Length: 25.2 ft Wing Span: 36.0 ft Ceiling: 18,600 ft Speed: 150 kts Range: 750-1,116 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 7.4 ft Engine: LYC IO-320, 160 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 60 kts Weight Class: S

3-37

PA31 Piper (USA) “Chieftain/Mohave/Navajo” 6-8 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 980-1,610 fpm Length: 32.6-36.8 ft Wing Span: 40.7-44.6 ft Ceiling: 24,000 ft Speed: 160-233 kts Range: 885-1,226 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 13.0 ft Engine: LYC TIO-540, 310 hp - 500 shp Stall Speed Clean: 72 kts Weight Class: S

3-38

PA34 Piper (USA) “Seneca” 6-7 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 1,275-1,360 fpm Length: 28.5 ft Wing Span: 38.9 ft Ceiling: 25,000 ft Speed: 163-195 kts Range: 555-705 nm


3-39

PA44 Piper (USA) “Seminole” 4 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: II




3-40

PAY1/2/3/4 Piper (USA) “Cheyenne 1/2/3/400 6-8 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II


Climb Rate: 2,400 fpm Length: 36.7 ft Wing Span: 42.7 ft Ceiling: 29,000-36,000 ft Speed: 283-313 kts Range: 1,100-2,271 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 12.8 ft Engine: P&W PT6A 500 hp – 720 shp Stall Speed Clean: 87-95 kts Weight Class: S

3-41

SW2 Fairchild (USA) “Merlin 2” 8-10 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: II




3-42

4-1

CATEGORY III

LARGE TWIN ENGINE PROP

AIRCRAFT

4-2

AT43/AT44/AT45 Aerospatiale/Aeritalia (France/Italy) “ATR42-200/300/320/400/500 Series” 46-50 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,000 fpm Length: 74.4 ft Wing Span: 80.6 ft Ceiling: 25,000 ft Speed: 243-265 kts Range: 840-2,720 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 24.9 ft Engine: P&W PW120/127, 1,800-2,400 shp Stall Speed Clean: 102 kts Weight Class: L

4-3

AT72 Aerospatiale/Aeritalia (France/Italy) “ATR72-200/210/500” 54-72 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,000 fpm Length: 89.1 ft Wing Span: 88.8 ft Ceiling: 25,000 ft Speed: 248-284 kts Range: 715-1,900 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 25.1 ft Engine: P&W PW124/127, 2,160-2,750 shp Stall Speed Clean: 115 kts Weight Class: L

4-4

B190 Beech (USA) “Beech 1900” 12-21 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,280-2,400 fpm Length: 57.1 ft Wing Span: 54.6 ft Ceiling: 25,000-30,000 ft Speed: 262 kts Range: 750-989 nm

Descent Rate: 2,400 fpm Height: 14.11 ft Engine: P&W PT6A, 1,100 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 85 kts Weight Class: S

4-5

BE30/B350 Beech (USA) “Super King Air 300/350” 7-16 Seat, Single Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,000 fpm Length: 43.8-46.7 ft Wing Span: 54.5-57.9 ft Ceiling: 35,000 ft Speed: 233-316 kts Range: 1,515-1,829 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 14.4-15.0 ft Engine: P&W PT6A, 1,050 shp Stall Speed Clean: 100 kts Weight Class: S

The B350 fuselage is almost 3 feet longer than the BE30, and the B350 has winglets.

4-6

C160 Nord (Aerospatiale Affiliate) (France) “Transall” 68-93 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III



Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 38.2 ft Engine: RR RTY.20, MK22 6,100 ehp Stall Speed Dirty: 95 kts Weight Class: L

4-7

CVLT General Dynamics (USA) “Convair 540/580/600/640” 56-76 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 1,500-2,200 fpm Length: 81.5-95.8 ft Wing Span: 105.3 ft Ceiling: 17,000 ft Speed: 260-297 kts Range: 1,069-2,577 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 29.2 ft Engine: ALL 501, 3,750-4,600 shp RR DART, 3,025 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 75 kts Weight Class: L

4-8

D228 Dornier GmbH (FRG) “Do 228-100/200 Series” 15-19 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,000 fpm Length: 54.3 ft Wing Span: 55.8 ft Ceiling: 29,600 ft Speed: 199-231 kts Range: 1,460-1,680 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 16.0 ft Engine: GAR TPE-331, 715 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 63-67 kts Weight Class: S

4-9

DC3 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “Skytrain” 28-32 Seat, Twin Engine Prop

Category: III

Photo by Gunter Grondstein Airliners.net


Descent Rate: 1,100-1,200 fpm Height: 17.0 ft Engine: P&W R1830, 1,200 hp Stall Speed Dirty: 58-60 kts Weight Class: S

4-10

DH8A/B/C/D DeHavilland (Canada/UK) “Dash 8-100/200/300/400” 24-82 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III



Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 24.7 ft Engine: P&W PW120A, 1,800-2,000 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 72 kts Weight Class: L

4-11

E120 Embraer (Brazil) “Brasilia” 27-32 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,300 fpm Length: 65.7 ft Wing Span: 64.1ft Ceiling: 29,800 ft Speed: 260-328 kts Range: 945-1,810 nm

Descent Rate: 2,300 fpm Height: 20.1 ft Engine: P&W PW118, 1,800 shp Stall Speed Clean: 117 kts Weight Class: S

4-12

F27 Fokker BV (Netherlands) “Friendship” 40-56 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 1,250-3,000 fpm Length: 77.3-82.3 ft Wing Span: 95.2 ft Ceiling: 29,500 ft Speed: 249-262 kts Range: 688-1,193 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 22.11-28.7 ft Engine: RR DART, 2,320 ehp Stall Speed Dirty: 98 kts Weight Class: L

4-13

G159 Grumman (USA) “Gulfstream 1 (G1)” 24 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III



Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 22.9 ft Engine: RR DART, 1,990 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 85 kts Weight Class: S

4-14

N260 Nord (Aerospatiale Affiliate) (France) “Super Broussard” 22 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III



Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 21.7 ft Engine: Turbomeca VI B2, 1,080 ehp Stall Speed Dirty: 67 kts Weight Class: S

4-15

SF34 SAAB/Fairchild (Sweden/USA) “Model SF-340” 35-39 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,000 fpm Length: 64.8 ft Wing Span: 70.4 ft Ceiling: 25,000 ft Speed: 250-272 kts, Range: 570-1,530 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 22.6 ft Engine: GE-CT7, 1,735 shp Stall Speed Clean: 104 kts Weight Class: L

4-16

SH33 Short Bros. (UK) “Shorts 330/Sherpa” 30 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 1,070-1,380 fpm Length: 58.0 ft Wing Span: 74.8-78.6 ft Ceiling: 19,000 ft Speed: 160-204 kts Range: 915 nm

Descent Rate: 1,380 fpm Height: 16.3 ft Engine: P&W PT6A, 1,156-1,198 shp Stall Speed Clean: 89 kts Weight Class: S

4-17

SW3 Fairchild (USA) “Merlin 3” 10-13 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III




4-18

SW4 Fairchild (USA) “Metro/Metro 3/Merlin 4” 14-21 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III




4-19

YS11 NAMC (Japan) “YS-11” 60 Seat, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III

Photo by Edward Lai Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 1,220-1,500 fpm Length: 86.3 ft Wing Span: 105 ft Ceiling: 22,900 ft Speed: 244-253 kts Range: 1,485 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 30 ft Engine: RR DART, 2,660-3,060 ehp Stall Speed Dirty: 70 kts Weight Class: L

4-20

5-1

CATEGORY III

FOUR ENGINE PROP

AIRCRAFT

5-2

DC6 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “Liftmaster” 48-102 Seat, Four Engine Prop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 900-1,120 fpm Length: 110.7-105.7 ft Wing Span: 117.5 ft Ceiling: 29,000 ft Speed: 274-285 kts Range: 2,543 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Height: 28.8-29.1 ft Engine: P&W R-2800, 2,500 hp Weight Class: L

5-3

DHC7 DeHavilland (Canada/UK) “Dash 7/DHC-7” 50-54 Seat, Four Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 4,000 fpm Length: 80.7 ft Wing Span: 93 ft Ceiling: 21,000 ft Speed: 223-231 kts Range: 1,170-1,574 nm

Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 26.3 ft Engine: P&PT6A, 1,120 shp Stall Speed Clean: 100 kts Weight Class: L

5-4

L188/P3 Lockheed (USA) “Electra/Orion” 98 Seat, Four Engine Turboprop

Category: III


Climb Rate: 1,067-1,950 fpm Length: 104.6-116.1 ft Wing Span: 99.0-99.8 ft Ceiling: 27,000-28,300 ft Speed: 324-411 kts Range: 2,180 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 32.1-33.8 ft Engine: ALL 501 3,750-4,910 ehp Stall Speed Clean: 133 kts Weight Class: L

P3 (Orion) is the military designator for the L188.

6-1

CATEGORY III

TWIN ENGINE JET

AIRCRAFT

6-2

A30B/A306/A310 Airbus (International) “Model A300/310” 190-360 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,500 fpm Height: 51-8-54.6 ft Engine: GE-CF650/680, 50,000-61,500 lb st P&W PW415, 56,000-58,000 P&W JT9D, 48,000-53,000 Stall Speed Dirty: 120 kts Weight Class: H

6-3

A319/A320/A321 Airbus (International) “Model 319/320/321” 100-220 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,500 fpm Height: 38.6-38.8 ft Engine: CFM CFM565/IAE V2500/P&W PW6000, 22,000-33,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 105-107 kts Weight Class: L

6-4

A330 Airbus (International) “Model A330-200/300” 240-440 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 4,000 fpm Length: 193.5-210.0 ft Wing Span: 197.9 ft Ceiling: 45,000 ft Speed: 464-475 kts Range: 5,600-66,50 nm

Descent Rate: 3,500 fpm Height: 55.2-58.0 ft Engine: GE- CF680, 64,000-71,325 lb st P&W PW4000, 68,000-69,300 lb st RR TRENT, 72,450 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 108 kts Weight Class: H

6-5

B712 Boeing (USA) “Model 717-200” 100-106 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,000 fpm Length: 124 ft Wing Span: 93.3 ft Ceiling: 34,200 ft Speed: 438 kts Range: 1,375-1,430 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 29.1 ft Engine: RR BR715, 18,500-21,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 104 kts Weight Class: L

6-6

B731 thru B739/B73Q Boeing (USA) “Model 737-100 thru 900 Series” 100-177 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,000-4,000 fpm Height: 36.6-37.0 ft Engine: P&W JT8D, 14,000-16,000 lb st CFM 56, 20,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 102 kts Weight Class: L

The B73Q model complies with Stage 3 noise limits.

6-7

B752/B753 Boeing (USA) “Model 757-200/300” 178-289 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 1,500-2,500 fpm Height: 44.6 ft Engine: RR RB211, 37,400-43,850 lb st P&W PW20, 41,700 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 120 kts Weight Class: L

6-8

B762/B763/B764 Boeing (USA) “Model 767-200/300/400” 181-351 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III

Photo by David Knudsen Airliners.net


Descent Rate: 3,500 fpm Height: 52 ft Engine: P&W PW40, 48,000-63,300 lb st GE CF680, 52,500-62,100 lb st RR RB211, 60,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 105-112 kts Weight Class: H

6-9

B772/B773 Boeing (USA) “Model 777-200/300/ER” 301-550 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 2,500 fpm Height: 60.7-61.1 ft Engine: P&W PW40, 77,200-98,000 lb st GE GE90, 77,000-115,000 lb st RR TRENT, 76,000-93,400 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 120 kts Weight Class: H

6-10

BA11 British Aerospace (UK) “BAC One-Eleven” 65-109 Seat, Twin Engine Turbojet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,280-2,400 fpm Length: 92.6-107.0 ft Wing Span: 88.6-93.6 ft Ceiling: 35,000 ft Speed: 410-470 kts Range: 1,325-1,997 nm

Descent Rate: 2,400 fpm Height: 23.9-24.6 ft Engine: RR MK512, 10,000-12,550 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 105 kts Weight Class: L

6-11

BE40 Beech (USA) “Beech Jet 400/T-1 Jayhawk” 10 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,300 fpm Height: 13.8 ft Engine: P&W JT15D, 2,900 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 87 kts Weight Class: S

The BE40 was derived from the MU30 Mitsubishi Diamond I. The T-1 Jayhawk is the military trainer version of the BE40.

6-12

C500/501/525/526 Cessna (USA) “Citation 1/SP/CitationJet/CJ1/CJ2” 6-9 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,000-3,500 fpm Height: 13.8-14.3 ft Engine: P&W JT15D, 2,200 lb st, WR FJ44, 1,900-2,400 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 82-91 kts Weight Class: S

6-13

C550/C551/C560 Cessna (USA) “Citation 2/S2/5/Bravo/Excel/Ultra/Encore” 8-12 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,000-3,500 fpm Height: 14.8-17.2 ft Engine: P&W PW530/535/545, 2,750-3,804 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 83-90 kts Weight Class: S

6-14

C650 Cessna (USA) “Citation 3/6/7” 8-11 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 16.8-17.3 ft Engine: GAR TFE-731, 3,650-4,080 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 97-101 kts Weight Class: S

6-15

C750 Cessna (USA) “Citation 10” 10-14 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 4,400 fpm Length: 72.3 ft Wing Span: 63.6 ft Ceiling: 51,000 ft Speed: 475-525 kts Range: 3,390

Descent Rate: 3,500 fpm Height: 19 ft Engine: RR AE300, 6,764 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 101 kts Weight Class: S

6-16

CARJ Canadair Bombardier (Canada) “Regional Jet-200/700/900/Q” 50-90 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,000-5,000 fpm Length: 87.8-119.4 ft Wing Span: 69.6-76.3 ft Ceiling: 41,000 ft Speed: 424-464 kts Range: 980-2,005 nm

Descent Rate: 2,250-3,000 fpm Height: 20.4-23.9 ft Engine: GE-CF34, 9,220-13,790 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 100 kts Weight Class: L

6-17

CL60 Canadair Bombardier (Canada) “CL600/610 Challenger” 11-28 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,000-6,000 fpm Height: 20.8 ft Engine: LYC ALF-502, 7,500 lb st Stall Speed Clean: 109 kts Weight Class: L

6-18

DC9/DC9Q McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “Nightingale/Skytrain II” 90-139 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,000 fpm Length: 119-133 ft Wing Span: 93.5 ft Ceiling: 31,000 ft Speed: 350-499 kts Range: 2,360 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 27.5 ft Engine: P&W JT8D, 14,500-16,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 104 kts Weight Class: L

The DC9Q model complies with Stage 3 noise limits.

6-19

F28 Fokker BV (Netherlands) “Fellowship F28” 55-85 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 2,000-3,000 fpm Height: 27.9 ft Engine: RR SPEY, 9,900 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 92 kts Weight Class: L

6-20

F100 Fokker BV (Netherlands) “Fokker 100” 97-122 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,500 fpm Height: 27.9 ft Engine: RR MK620, 15,100 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 109 kts Weight Class: L

6-21

FA10 Dassault-Breguet (France) “Falcon 10/Mystere 10” 8-10 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 1,600 fpm Height: 15.1 ft Engine: GAR TFE-731, 3,230 lb st Stall Speed Clean: 123 kts Weight Class: S

6-22

FA20 Dassault-Breguet (France) “Falcon 20/Mystere 20/T-11” 9-12 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 2,400-5,000 fpm Height: 17.6 ft Engine: GE-CF700, 4,500 lb st Stall Speed Clean: 119 kts Weight Class: S

The T-11 is the military trainer version of the FA20.

6-23

GLF2 Grumman (USA) “Gulfstream 2/2SP (G2)” 21 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 4,350-5,050 fpm Length: 79.11 ft Wing Span: 68.1 ft Ceiling: 41,000-43,000 ft Speed: 435-511 kts Range: 1,980 nm


The G2SP model has winglets.

6-24

GLF3 Gulfstream Aerospace (USA) “Gulfstream 3 (G3)” 19-22 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III




6-25


Category: III



Descent Rate: 5,000 fpm Height: 24.1 ft Engine: RR TAY, 13,850 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 115 kts Weight Class: L

6-26


Category: III



Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 25.8 ft Engine: RR BR710, 14,680 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 123 kts Weight Class: L

6-27

H25A/B Hawker Siddeley (UK) “HS-125” 8-14 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,500-4,000 fpm Length: 50.8-51.2 ft Wing Span: 47.0-51.4 ft Ceiling: 41,000 ft Speed: 428-463 kts Range: 2,110 nm


6-28

JCOM Rockwell “Jet Commander” Twin Engine Turbojet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 4,500 fpm Height: 15.1 ft Engine: GE CJ610, 2,850 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 88 kts Weight Class: S

Sold to Israeli Aircraft Industries, became the Westwind WW23/WW24, which has tip tanks and bigger engines.

6-29

LJ23/LJ24 Gates Learjet (USA) “Learjet 23/24” 6-8 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 12.3 ft Engine: GE-CJ610, 2,850-2,950 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 88 kts Weight Class: S

6-30

LJ25 Gates Learjet (USA) “Learjet 25” 8-10 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 12.3 ft Engine: GE-CJ610, 2,950 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 97 kts Weight Class: S

6-31

LJ28/LJ29 Gates Learjet (USA) “Learjet 28/29/Longhorn” 8-10 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III

Photo by Tim Lachenmaier Airliners.net


Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 12.3 ft Engine: GE-CJ610, 2,950 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 92 kts Weight Class: S

6-32

LJ31/LJ35/LJ36 Gates Learjet (USA) “Learjet 31/35/36” 8-10 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 4,500-5,290 fpm Length: 48.7 ft Wing Span: 39.5-43.8 ft Ceiling: 45,000-51,000 ft Speed: 414-471 kts Range: 1,818-2,522 nm

Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 12.3 ft Engine: GAR TFE-731, 3,500 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 95-102 kts Weight Class: S

6-33


Category: III



Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 14.1 ft Engine: AS TFE-731, 3,500 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 99 kts Weight Class: S

6-34


Category: III



Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 14.8 ft Engine: GAR TFE-731, 3,700 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 106 kts Weight Class: S

6-35


Category: III



Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 14.3 ft Engine: P&W PW305, 4,600 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 115 kts Weight Class: S

6-36

MD80/MD90 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “MD-80 Series/MD-90” 130-155 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,500 fpm Length: 130.4-152.5 ft Wing Span: 107.8 ft Ceiling: 35,000-37,000 ft Speed: 437-500 kts Range: 2,750-2,785 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 29.6-30.6 ft Engine: P&W JT8D, 18,500-21,000 lb st IAE V252, 25,000-28,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 105 kts Weight Class: L

The MD-90 is essentially a stretched version of the MD-80 Series aircraft (MD-81/82/83/86/87/88) and uses the International Aero Engines.

6-37

MU30 Mitsubishi (USA) “Diamond I/MU-300” 5-7 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 13.8 ft Engine: P&W JT15D, 2,500 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 84 kts Weight Class: S

The MU30 became the BE40 Beech Jet 400.

6-38

SBR1 Rockwell (USA) “Sabreliner” 10 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III




6-39

WW23/WW24 Israel Aircraft (Israel) “Westwind 1123/1124” 9-12 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 4,000 fpm Length: 52.3 ft Wing Span: 44.8 ft Ceiling: 45,000 ft Speed: 425-471 kts, Range: 2,929 nm


6-40

7-1

CATEGORY III

THREE ENGINE JET

AIRCRAFT

7-2

B721/B722/B72Q Boeing (USA) “Model 727” 94-189 Seat, Three Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 4,500 fpm Length: 133.2-153.2 ft Wing Span: 108 ft Ceiling: 36,000 ft Speed: 465-514 kts Range: 2,400 nm

Descent Rate: 4,500 fpm Height: 34.0 ft Engine: P&W JT8D, 4,500 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 104 kts Weight Class: L

The B72Q model complies with Stage 3 noise limits.

7-3

DC10 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “DC-10” 255-380 Seat, Three Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,400 fpm Length: 182.1 ft Wing Span: 165.4 ft Ceiling: 31,000-33,400 ft Speed: 356-490 kts Range: 4,000-6,504 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 58.1 ft Engine: GE CF650, 40,000-54,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 112 kts Weight Class: H

Some models of the DC10 have an extra set of landing gear between the two main gear. The military’s air refueling version of the DC10 is designated as a KC10.

7-4

F900 Dassault-Breguet (France) “Falcon 900/Mystere 900/T-18” 10-21 Seat, Three Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 1,700 fpm Height: 24.9 ft Engine: GAR TFE-731, 4,500-4,750 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 81 kts Weight Class: L

The T-18 is the military trainer version of the F900.

7-5

FA50 Dassault-Breguet (France) “Falcon 50/Mystere 50/T-16” 8-14 Seat, Three Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 1,600-4,500 fpm Height: 22.8 ft Engine: GAR TFE-731, 3,700 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 87 kts Weight Class: S

The T-16 is the military trainer version of the FA50.

7-6

L101 Lockheed (USA) “L1011 Tri-Star” 256-400 Seat, Three Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,500 fpm Length: 164.2-177.8 ft Wing Span: 155.4-164.4 ft Ceiling: 42,000 ft Speed: 375-525 kts Range: 2,740-6,090

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 55.4 ft Engine: RR RB211, 42,000-50,000 lb st Stall Speed Clean: 157 kts Weight Class: H

7-7

MD11 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “MD-11” 214-323 Seat, Three Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,790 fpm Length: 182.3-200.1 ft Wing Span: 169.9 ft Ceiling: 32,600 ft Speed: 473-503 kts Range: 5,700 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 57.9 ft Engine: P&W PW4460, 60,000-70,000 lb st Stall Speed Clean: 149 kts Weight Class: H

7-8

8-1

CATEGORY III

FOUR ENGINE JET

AIRCRAFT

8-2

B701/B703/C135/E3TF/K35A/K35E/K35R Boeing (USA) “Model 707/C-137/VC-137/EC-137/KC-137/C-135 Stratolifter/E-3A Sentry/KC-135 Stratotanker/T-17”

130-219 Seat, Four Engine Jet Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,000-5,000 fpm Length: 136.6-152.1 ft Wing Span: 130.1-145.9 ft Ceiling: 29,000-39,000 ft Speed: 464-525 kts Range: 5,000 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000-3,500 fpm Height: 38.4-42.5 ft Engine: P&W JT35, 14,000-21,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 105 kts Weight Class: H

Only the B701 and B703 (Model 707 Series) denote civilian versions. All others are used for military refueling, electronic surveillance and communications, training, etc., and are produced using the B707 airframe with a variety of engines. The Stratotanker is 15 ft. shorter in length and span.

8-3

B741 thru B744/B74R/B74S Boeing (USA) “Model 747 Series” 330-575 Seat, Four Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 63.0-65.5 ft Engine: P&W JT9D, 46,000-54,750 lb st Stall Speed Clean: 104-107 kts Weight Class: H

The B74S has a shorter body than the other series models. Air Force One is a modified B747 model.

8-4

BA46 British Aerospace (UK) “BAe 146” 71-109 Seat, Four Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,500 fpm Height: 28.3-29.4 ft Engine: LYC ALF502, 6,970 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 99 kts Weight Class: L

8-5

CONC Aerospatiale/British Aerospace (France/UK) “Concorde” 100-128 Seat, Four Engine Jet

Category: III

Photo by Philippe Noret Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 5,000 fpm Length: 202.4 ft Wing Span: 84.0 ft Ceiling: 60,000 ft Speed: 530-1,176 kts, M 2.05 Range: 4,490 nm

Descent Rate: 5,000 fpm Height: 37.5 ft Engine: RR MK610, 30,050 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 140 kts Weight Class: H

8-6

DC85/DC86/DC87/DC8Q McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “Model DC-8 Series” 179-269 Seat, Four Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,000 fpm Length: 150.6-187.5 ft Wing Span: 142.5-148.5 ft Ceiling: 35,000 ft Speed: 353-521 kts Range: 5,825 nm

Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 43.0 ft Engine: CFM F6, 22,000-24,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 114-118 kts Weight Class: H

The DC8Q model complies with Stage 3 noise limits.

8-7

IL62 Ilyushin (USSR) ”Classic” 186 Seat, Four Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 2,500 fpm Height: 40.6 ft Engine: SOLOVIEV, 23,000-24,250 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 99 kts Weight Class: H

8-8

IL76 Ilyushin (USSR) ”IL-76/78/Candid” 7-115 Seat, Four Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 2,500 fpm Height: 48.5 ft Engine: SOLOVIEV, 26,455 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 100 kts Weight Class: H

Airborne early warning and control version is called Mainstay.

8-9

L29A/L29B Lockheed (USA) “Model 1329/Jetstar” 17 Seat, Four Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,300-4,000 fpm Length: 60.5 ft Wing Span: 53.8 ft Ceiling: 36,000 ft Speed: 475 kts Range: 2,645-2,800 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000-3,500 fpm Height: 20.6 ft Engine: P&W J60, 3,000 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 106 kts Weight Class: L

8-10

VC10 Vickers (U.K.) “VC-10” 151 Seat, Four Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 1,900-2,659 fpm Length: 158.8-171.8 ft Wing Span: 146.2 ft Ceiling: 38,000 ft Speed: 494 kts Range: 4,702-5,653 nm

Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 39.6 ft Engine: RR MK550, 21,800 lb st Stall Speed Dirty: 74 kts Weight Class: H

9-1

MILITARY

AIRCRAFT

9-2

A6 Grumman (USA) “Intruder/Prowler” 2-4 Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 5,000-7,500 fpm Length: 54.7-59.1 ft Wing Span: 53-54 ft Ceiling: 42,400 ft Speed: 566 kts Range: 2,818 nm

Descent Rate: 5,000-8,000 fpm Height: 10.2-16.3 ft Engine: P&W J52-P-8B, 8,500 lb st Weight Class: L

The EA6B model, named the “Prowler”, has larger dimensions and four seats.

9-3

A7 Vought (USA) “Corsair” Single Seat, Single Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 6,000-10,000 fpm Height: 16.1 ft Engine: GE F110, 13,400-27,600 lb st Weight Class: L

9-4

A10 Fairchild (USA) “Thunderbolt II” Single Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 5,000 fpm Height: 14.8 Engine: GE TF34, 9,0065 lb st Weight Class: L

9-5

B1 Rockwell (USA) “Lancer” 4 Crew, Four Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,000 fpm Length: 147.0 ft Wing Span: 78.2-136.8 ft Ceiling: 30,000+ ft Speed: 803 kts, M 1.40 Range: 6,475 nm

Descent Rate: 5,000 fpm Height: 34.0 ft Engine: GE F101, 30,000 lb st Weight Class: H

9-6

B2 Northrop (USA) “Spirit” 2-3 Crew, Four Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: unavailable Length: 69.0 ft Wing Span: 172.0 ft Ceiling: 50,000 ft Speed: 595 kts Range: 6,000 nm

Descent Rate: unavailable Height: 17.0 ft Engine: GE F118, 17,300 lb st Weight Class: H

9-7

B52 Boeing (USA) “Stratofortress” 6 Crew, Eight Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 3,000 fpm Length: 157.7-160.11 ft Wing Span: 185 ft Ceiling: 55,000 ft Speed: 442-517 kts Range: 6,500 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 40.8-48.4 ft Engine: P&W TF33, 17,000 lb st Weight Class: H

9-8

C5 Lockheed (USA) “Galaxy” 7 Crew, Four Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 2,000 fpm Height: 65.1 ft Engine: GE TF39, 43,000 lb st Weight Class: H

9-9

C17 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “Globemaster 3” 3-105 Seat, Four Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,000 fpm Length: 55.1 ft Wing Span: 165 ft Ceiling: 45,000 ft Speed: 350-450 Range: 2,400-4,700

Descent Rate: unavailable Height: 55.1 ft Engine: P&W F117, 40,440 lb st Weight Class: H

9-10

C130 Lockheed (USA) “Hercules” 3-128 Seat, Four Engine Turboprop

Category: III



Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Height: 38 ft Engine: ALL T56, 4,050 shp Stall Speed Dirty: 97-100 kts Weight Class: L

9-11

C141 Lockheed (USA) “Starlifter” 5-6 Crew, Four Engine Jet

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 39.3 ft Engine: P&W TF33, 21,000 lb st Weight Class: H

9-12

E2 Grumman (USA) “Hawkeye” 2 Crew, Twin Engine Turboprop

Category: III



Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 16.5 ft Engine: ALL T56, 4,050 ehp Weight Class: L

9-13

F4 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “Phantom 2” 2 Crew, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 8,000-12,000 fpm Length: 58.3 ft Wing Span: 38.4 ft Ceiling: 59,600 ft, M 2.0 Speed: 590-1,400 kts Range: 1,750 nm

Descent Rate: 6,000-17,000 fpm Height: 16.3 ft Engine: GE J79, 17,000 lb st Weight Class: L

9-14

F5 Northrop (USA) “Freedom Fighter” Single Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 8,000-12,000+ fpm Length: 47.5 ft Wing Span: 26.8 ft Ceiling: 55,000 ft Speed: 942 kts, M 1.64 Range: 1,620 nm

Descent Rate: 5,000-12,000 fpm Height: 13.1 ft Engine: GE J85, 17,000 lb st Weight Class: S

9-15

F14 Grumman (USA) “Tomcat” 2 Crew, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 6,000+ fpm Length: 62.8 ft Wing Span: 33.3-64.1 ft Ceiling: 50,000 ft Speed: 412-1,368 kts, M 2.34 Range: 1,730-2,050 nm

Descent Rate: 4,000+ fpm Height: 16 ft Engine: P&W TF30, 20,900 lb st Weight Class: L

9-16

F15 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “Eagle” Single Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 8,000-12,000+ fpm Length: 63.9 ft Wing Span: 42.9 ft Ceiling: 100,000 ft Speed: 800-1,650 kts, M 2.5 Range: 2,500-3,000 nm

Descent Rate: 5,000-12,000 fpm Height: 18.5 ft Engine: P&W PW100, 23,900 lb st Weight Class: L

9-17

F16 General Dynamics (USA) “Fighting Falcon” Single Seat, Single Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 8,000-12,000+ fpm Length: 49.6 ft Wing Span: 31 ft Ceiling: 50,000 ft Speed: 1,147 kts, M 2.0 Range: 2,000 nm

Descent Rate: 5,000-12,000 fpm Height: 16.8 ft Engine: P&W PW200, 25,000 lb st Weight Class: L

9-18

F18 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “F/A-18 Hornet” 1-2 Crew, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 8,000-12,000+ fpm Length: 56 ft Wing Span: 37.6 ft Ceiling: 50,000 ft Speed: 1,034 kts, M 1.8 Range: 2,000 nm

Descent Rate: 5,000-12,000 fpm Height: 15.3 ft Engine: GE GE400, 16,000 lb st Weight Class: L

9-19

F104 Lockheed (USA) “Starfighter” Single Seat, Single Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 5,000 fpm Length: 54.8 ft Wing Span: 21.9 ft Ceiling: 50,000 ft Speed: 1,037 kts, M 2.2 Range: 1,215-1,890 nm

Descent Rate: 4,000 fpm Height: 13.5 ft Engine: GE J79, 14,800 lb st Weight Class: L

9-20

F106 Convair (USA) “Delta Dart” 2 Crew, Single Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 4,700+ fpm Length: 70.8 ft Wing Span: 38.1 ft Ceiling: 57,000 ft Speed: 1,525 kts, M 2.3 Range: 2,700 nm

Descent Rate: 4,700 fpm Height: 20.3 ft Engine: P&W J75, 17,000-24,500 lb st Weight Class: L

9-21

F111 General Dynamics (USA) “Raven/Aardvark” Single Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 5,000-8,000+ fpm Length: 76 ft Wing Span: 31.11-63.0 ft Ceiling: 59,000 ft Speed: 1,435 kts, M 2.15 Range: 2,500 nm

Descent Rate: 5,000-8,000 fpm Height: 20 ft Engine: P&W TF30, 18,500 lb st Weight Class: L

9-22

F117 Lockheed (USA) “Nighthawk” Single Seat, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 4,000+ fpm Length: 65.9 ft Wing Span: 43.3 ft Ceiling: 50,000 ft Speed: 650 kts, M 1.0 Range: 2,160 nm

Descent Rate: 4,000+ fpm Height: 12.5 ft Engine: GE F404, 10,800 lb st Weight Class: L

9-23

T37/A37 Cessna (USA) “Cessna 318/Tweet/Dragonfly 318” 1-2 Crew, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 2,000-3,370 fpm Length: 29.3 ft Wing Span: 33.11 ft Ceiling: 35,000-38,700 ft Speed: 330-438 kts Range: 525-809 nm

Descent Rate: 3,000 fpm Height: 9.2 ft Engine: CONT J69, 1,025 lb st Weight Class: S

9-24

T38 Northrop (USA) “Talon” 1-2 Crew, Twin Engine Jet

Category: III


Climb Rate: 8,000-20,000 fpm Length: 46.4 ft Wing Span: 25.3 ft Ceiling: 50,000-56,800 ft Speed: 460-748 kts, M 1.3 Range: 1,205 nm

Descent Rate: 5,000 fpm Height: 12.11 ft Engine: GE J85, 2,500-3,850 lb st Weight Class: S

10-1

HELICOPTERS

10-2

A109 Agusta (Italy) “Model A109/A/A-II” 8 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,170-1,620 fpm Main Rotor: 36.1 ft Ceiling: 15,000 ft Speed: 152 kts Range: 465 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Tail Rotor: 6.66 ft Engine: ALL 250, 790 shp Weight Class: S

10-3

ALO2 Aerospatiale (France) “Alouette 2” 2 Seat, Single Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,280 fpm Main Rotor: 33.4-36.2 ft Length: 31.8-42.4 ft Ceiling: 10,800 ft Speed: 90-110 kts Range: 388 nm

Descent Rate: 1,280 fpm Tail Rotor: 6.3 ft Height: 9.0-10.2 ft Engine: Turbomeca Astazou IIA, 530 shp Weight Class: S

10-4

ALO3 Aerospatiale (France) “Alouette 3” 7 Seat, Single Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 886-1,500 fpm Main Rotor: 35.1-36.2 ft Length: 33.4-42.6 ft Ceiling: 14,900 ft Speed: 105-125 kts Range: 405 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Tail Rotor: 6.1 ft Height: 9.8-10.3 ft Engine: LYC LTS 101, 615-858 shp Weight Class: S

10-5

AS50 Aerospatiale (France) “Ecurevil/AStar” 7 Seat, Single Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 713-1,732 fpm Main Rotor: 35.1 ft Length: 35.9-42.6 ft Ceiling: 14,900-15,600 ft Speed: 125 kts Range: 335-726 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Tail Rotor: 6.1 ft Height: 9.7-10.3 ft Engine: LYC LTS 101, 615 shp Weight Class: S

The Twinstar is a twin engine version of this model.

10-6

B06 Bell Helicopter Textron (USA) “Jet Ranger/Long Ranger/Kiowa” 5-7 Seat, Single Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,260-1,440 fpm Main Rotor: 33.3-42.7 ft Length: 33.1-42.7 ft Ceiling: 13,000-20,000 ft Speed: 116-123 kts Range: 333-354 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Tail Rotor: 5.4 ft Height: 9.5-11.7 ft Engine: ALL 250, 420-650 shp Weight Class: S

10-7

B12 Bell Helicopter Textron (USA) “Twin Huey/Model 212/214/214B/B-1/412” 15-20 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,320-2,200 fpm Main Rotor: 48-50 ft Length: 57.2-60.2 ft Ceiling: 12,600-20,000 ft Speed: 109-140 kts Range: 231-657 nm

Descent Rate: 1.420 fpm Tail Rotor: 8.5-9.58 ft Height: 4.8-15.4 ft Engine: P&W PT6T, 900-2,930 shp Weight Class: S

10-8

B105 Messerschmidtt-Bolkow-Blohm (MBB)(FRG) “Model BO 105” 4-6 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,200-1,476 fpm Main Rotor: 32.3 ft Length: 28.0-38.9 ft Ceiling: 15,500-17,000 ft Speed: 108-145 kts Range: 260-540 nm

Descent Rate: 1,200 fpm Tail Rotor: 6.23 ft Height: 9.9 ft Engine: ALL 250, 280-420 shp Weight Class: S

10-9

BK17 MBB/Kawasaki (FRB/Japan) “Model BK 117” 11 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I

Photo by Jochen Thoma Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 1,900 fpm Main Rotor: 36.1 ft Length: 42.6 ft Ceiling: 15,000 ft Speed: 134 kts Range: 384 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Tail Rotor: 6.4 ft Height: 11.02 ft Engine: LYC LTS 101, 550 shp Weight Class: S

10-10

H46 Boeing Vertol (USA) “Sea Knight” 17-27 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,440-2,130 fpm Main Rotor: 50-51 ft Length: 44.1 ft Ceiling: 13,000-14,100 ft Speed: 125-145 kts Range: 577 nm

Descent Rate: 2,130 fpm Tail Rotor: None Height: 24.1 ft Engine: GE T58, 1,870 shp Weight Class: S

10-11

H47 Boeing Vertol (USA) “Chinook/Model 234” 18-46 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,180-1,650 fpm Main Rotor: 60 ft Length: 51 ft Ceiling: 9,000 ft Speed: 145 kts Range: 330-1,136 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Tail Rotor: None Height: 18.6 ft Engine: LYC T55, 2,650-3,750 shp Weight Class: L

10-12

H500 McDonnell-Douglas (USA) “Pawnee/Model 369/500D/500MD/MG” 5-7 Seat, Single Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,500-3,240 fpm Main Rotor: 26.4 ft Length: 30.8 ft Ceiling: 15,200 ft Speed: 143 kts Range: 367 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Tail Rotor: 4.6 ft Height: 8.7 ft Engine: ALL 250, 420 shp Weight Class: S

The designator H500 is also used for the single engine prop version of this helicopter which is called the 500C/530F/Defender/Night Fox.

10-13

HUCO Bell Helicopter Textron (USA) “Cobra” 2 Crew, Single Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,090-1,520 fpm Main Rotor: 44-48 ft Length: 53.4-58.0 ft Ceiling: 7,400-11,400 ft Speed: 149-190 kts Range: 227-311 nm

Descent Rate: 1,375 fpm Tail Rotor: 9.7 ft Height: 13.6-14.2 ft Engine: LYC T53, 1,100 shp Weight Class: S

The Sea Cobra model has twin turboshaft 1,800 shp P&W engines.

10-14

LAMA Aerospatiale (France) “Lama” 5 Seat, Single Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,083 fpm Main Rotor: 36.2 ft Length: 33.6-42.3 ft Ceiling: 17,720 ft Speed: 103 kts Range: 278 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Tail Rotor: 6.3 ft Height: 10.1 ft Engine: Artouste 111, 858 shp Weight Class: S

10-15

PUMA/AS32 Aerospatiale (France) “Puma/Super Puma” 16-27 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,200-1,595 fpm Main Rotor: 49.2-51.18 ft Length: 61.35 ft Ceiling: 15,000-15,750 ft Speed: 139-150 kts Range: 297-817 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Tail Rotor: 10 ft Height: 16.14 ft Engine: Turbomeca Turmo IV-C, 1,494-1,819 shp Weight Class: L

10-16

R22 Robinson (USA) “Beta” 2 Seat, Single Engine Piston

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,200 fpm Main Rotor: 25.2 ft Length: 28.8 ft Ceiling: 14,000 ft Speed: 82-97 kts Range: 207-320 nm

Descent Rate: 800 fpm Tail Rotor: 3.5 ft Height: 8.9 ft Engine: LYC O-320/O-360, 124-160 shp Weight Class: S

10-17

R44 Robinson (USA) “Astro” 4 Seat, Single Engine Piston

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,000 fpm Main Rotor: 33 ft Length: 38.6 ft Ceiling: 14,000 ft Speed: 113 kts Range: 350 nm

Descent Rate: 800 fpm Tail Rotor: 4.8 ft Height: 10.8 ft Engine: LYC O-540, 205-260 shp Weight Class: S

10-18

S61 Sikorsky (USA) “S-61/Sea King/Commando/CH-124” 20 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,310-1,500 fpm Main Rotor: 62 ft Length: 55.1-57.3 ft Ceiling: 11,100-14,700 ft Speed: 112-144 kts Range: 404-542 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Tail Rotor: 10.5 ft Height: 18.1 ft Engine: GE T58, 1,500 shp Weight Class: L

10-19

S65C Aerospatiale (France) “Dauphin 2” 14 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I

Photo by Elisabeth Klimesch Airliners.net

Climb Rate: 1,300 fpm Main Rotor: 39.2 ft Length: 44.8 ft Ceiling: 11,810 ft Speed: 140-153 kts Range: 460 nm

Descent Rate: 1,000 fpm Tail Rotor: 6.3 ft Height: 13 ft Engine: Aariel ICI, 705 shp Weight Class: S

10-20

S76 Sikorsky (USA) “Spirit/Eagle” 14 Seat, Twin Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,300-1,650 fpm Main Rotor: 44 ft Length: 45 ft Ceiling: 10,000-14,167 ft Speed: 145-151 kts Range: 446-663 nm

Descent Rate: 1,300 fpm Tail Rotor: 8 ft Height: 13.4 ft Engine: ALL 250, 420 shp Weight Class: S

10-21

S360 Aerospatiale (France) “Dauphin” 10-14 Seat, Single Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,300-2,010 fpm Main Rotor: 37.7-39.17 ft Length: 43.3-44.8 ft Ceiling: 11,810-15,910 ft Speed: 136-153 kts Range: 353-460 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Tail Rotor: 3.0-3.6 ft Height: 11.5-15.5 ft Engine: Turbomeca Astazou XVIII, 641-872 shp Weight Class: S

10-22

UH1 Bell Helicopter Textron (USA) “Huey/Iroquois/Model 204/205” 11-14 Seat, Single Engine Turboshaft

Category: I


Climb Rate: 1,500-2,350 fpm Main Rotor: 44.0-47.11 ft Length: 39.7-44.0 ft Ceiling: 12,600 ft Speed: 108-119 kts Range: 276-599 nm

Descent Rate: 1,500 fpm Tail Rotor: 8.5 ft Height: 12.4-13.4 ft Engine: LYC T53, 1,100 shp Weight Class: S

I-1

INDEX

I-2

I-3

Index – Fixed Wing Aircraft Manufacturer Type Designator Model Name Page

Aerospatiale/ . . . . . . . . Aeritalia

AT43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AT44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AT45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AT72 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ATR 42-200/300/320 . . . . . . . . . . . . ATR 42-400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATR 42-500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATR 72 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-2 4-2 4-2 4-3

Aerospatiale/ . . . . . . . . British Aerospace

CONC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concorde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

Airbus . . . . . . . . . . . . . A30B/A306 . . . . . . . . . . A310 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A319 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A320 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A321 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A330 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Model A300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model A310 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model A319 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model A320 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model A321 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model A330 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-2 6-2 6-3 6-3 6-3 6-4

Beech . . . . . . . . . . . . . B190 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B350 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE76 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE9L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE9T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BE99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T34P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Beech 1900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . King Air 350 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . King Air 100 A/B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Twin Beech/Super H18 . . . . . . . . . . Sport 19/Musketeer Sport . . . . . . . . Super King Air 200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sundowner/Musketeer 23 . . . . . . . . Sierra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Super King Air 300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debonair/Bonanza 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . Bonanza 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bonanza 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beech Jet 400/T-1 Jayhawk . . . . . . . Twin Bonanza 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baron 55/Cochise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baron 58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Duke 60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Queen Air 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Duchess 76 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Skipper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Queen Air 80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Queen Air 88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . King Air A90 thru E90 . . . . . . . . . . . . King Air F90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travelair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airliner 99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mentor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-4 4-5 3-7 3-8 2-5 3-9 2-6 2-7 4-5 2-8 2-8 2-9 6-11 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-14 3-15 2-10 3-14 3-14 3-16 3-16 3-17 3-18 2-40

Bellanca . . . . . . . . . . . BL8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BL17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CH7A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Decathlon/Scout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Super/Turbo Viking . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion Citabria . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-11 2-12 2-24

I-4

Index – Fixed Wing Aircraft (Cont’d.) Manufacturer Type Designator Model Name Page

Boeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . B52 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B701 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B703 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B712 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B721 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B722 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B72Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B731 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B732 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B733 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B734 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B735 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B736 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B737 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B738 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B739 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B73Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B741 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B742 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B743 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B744 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B74R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B74S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B752 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B753 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B762 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B763 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B764 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B772 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B773 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E3TF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K35A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K35E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K35R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stratofortress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 707-100/C-137/VC-137 . . . . . Model 707-300/EC-137/KC-137 . . . . Model 717-200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 727-100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 727-200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 727 (Stage 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737-100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737-200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737-300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737-400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737-500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737-600 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737-700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737-800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737-900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 737 (Stage 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 747-100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 747-200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 747-300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 747-400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 747SR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 747SP/SUD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 757-200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 757-300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 767-200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 767-300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 767-400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 777-200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 777-300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stratolifter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E3A Sentry (AWACS) . . . . . . . . . . . KC-135A Stratotanker . . . . . . . . . . . KC-135D/E Stratotanker . . . . . . . . . KC-135R/T Stratotanker . . . . . . . . .

9-7 8-2 8-2 6-5 7-2 7-2 7-2 6-6 6-6 6-6 6-6 6-6 6-6 6-6 6-6 6-6 6-6 8-3 8-3 8-3 8-3 8-3 8-3 6-7 6-7 6-8 6-8 6-8 6-9 6-9 8-2 8-2 8-2 8-2 8-2

British . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aerospace

BA11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BA46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BAC One-Eleven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bae 146 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-10 8-4

Canadair . . . . . . . . . . . CARJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CL60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Regional Jet 200/700/900. . . . . . . . . CL600/610 Challenger. . . . . . . . . . .

6-16 6-17

I-5


Cessna . . . . . . . . . . . . A37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C150 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C152 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C172/C72R . . . . . . . . . . C177/C77R . . . . . . . . . . C180 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C182/C82R . . . . . . . . . . C185 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C188 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C206 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C207 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C208 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C303 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C310 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C335 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C336 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C337 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C340 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C402 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C404 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C411 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C414 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C421 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C425 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C441 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C501 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C525 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C526 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C550 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C551 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C560 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C650 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C750 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dragonfly 318E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commuter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C152/Aerobat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Skyhawk/Cutlass/Mescalero . . . . . . Cardinal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Skywagon 180 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Skylane/RG/Turbo Skylane . . . . . . . Skywagon 185 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AGWagon/AGTruck/AGHusky . . . . . Stationair 6/Turbo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stationair 7/8/Turbo . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caravan/Grand Caravan . . . . . . . . . Centurion/Turbo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crusader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cessna 310/Riley Rocket . . . . . . . . . Cessna 335 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Skymaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Super Skymaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cessna 340 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cessna 401/Cessna 402 . . . . . . . . . Titan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cessna 411 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chancellor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Golden Eagle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corsair/Conquest I . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conquest II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citation 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citation 1-SP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CitationJet CJ1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CitationJet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citation 2/S2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citation 2-SP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citation 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citation 3/6/7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citation 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pressurized Centurion . . . . . . . . . . . Cessna 318/Tweet . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-23 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-16 2-17 2-18 2-17 2-19 2-20 2-21 2-22 2-23 3-19 3-20 3-21 3-22 3-22 3-23 3-24 3-25 3-26 3-27 3-28 3-29 3-30 6-12 6-12 6-12 6-12 6-13 6-13 6-13 6-14 6-15 2-29 9-23

Christen . . . . . . . . . . . PTS1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PTS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pitts S-1 Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pitts S-2 Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-38 2-38

Convair F106 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delta Dart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20

Dassault- . . . . . . . . . . Bregeut

F900 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FA20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FA50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Falcon 900/Mystere 900/T-18. . . . . . Falcon 10/Mystere 10 . . . . . . . . . . . Falcon 20/Mystere 20/T-11 . . . . . . . Falcon 50/Mystere 50/T-16 . . . . . . .

7-4 6-21 6-22 7-5

I-6


DeHavilland . . . . . . . . DHC6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DHC7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DH8A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DH8B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DH8C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DH8D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Twin Otter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dash 7/DHC-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dash 8-100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dash 8-200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dash 8-300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dash 8-400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-31 5-3 4-10 4-10 4-10 4-10

Dornier . . . . . . . . . . . . DO27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DO28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D228 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Do 27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Do 28 A/B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Do 228-100/200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-25 3-32 4-8

Embraer . . . . . . . . . . . E110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bandeirante EMB-110 . . . . . . . . . . . Brasilia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-33 4-11

Fairchild . . . . . . . . . . .

A10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SW2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SW3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SW4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Thunderbolt II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merlin 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merlin 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metro/Metro 3/Merlin 4 . . . . . . . . . . .

9-4 3-41 4-17 4-18

Fokker . . . . . . . . . . . . . F27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Friendship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fellowship F28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fokker 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-12 6-19 6-20

Gates Learjet . . . . . . . LJ23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LJ60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Learjet 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Learjet 60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-29 6-29 6-30 6-31 6-31 6-32 6-32 6-32 6-33 6-34 6-35

General Dynamics. . . . CVLT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F111 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Convair 540/580/600/640 . . . . . . . . . Fighting Falcon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raven/Aardvark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-7 9-17 9-21

Grumman . . . . . . . . . . AA1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AA5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G159 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GLF2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yankee AA-1 B/C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traveler/Cheetah/Tiger . . . . . . . . . . Intruder/Prowler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hawkeye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tomcat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gulfstream 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gulfstream 2/2SP (G2) . . . . . . . . . . .

2-2 2-3 9-2 9-12 9-15 4-13 6-23

I-7


Gulfstream . . . . . . . . . Aerospace

GLF3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GLF4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GLF5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Gulfstream 3 (G2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gulfstream 4 (G4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gulfstream 5 (G5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-24 6-25 6-26

Hawker Siddeley . . . . . H25A/B . . . . . . . . . . . . . HS-125 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27

Ilyushin . . . . . . . . . . . . IL62 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IL76 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Classic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IL-76/78/Candid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-7 8-8

Israel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft

WW23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WW24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Westwind 1123 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Westwind 1124 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-39 6-39

Lake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LA4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LA-4/200/Buccaneer . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26

Lockheed . . . . . . . . . . C5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C130 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C141 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F104 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F117 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L188 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L29A/L29B . . . . . . . . . . P3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Galaxy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hercules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Starlifter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Starfighter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nighthawk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L-1011 Tri Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model 1329 Jetstar . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-8 9-10 9-11 9-19 9-22 7-6 5-4 8-9 5-4

Maule . . . . . . . . . . . . . M4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

M-4 Strata-Rocket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-5 Lunar-Rocket . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-27 2-27

McDonnell- . . . . . . . . . Douglas

C17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC86 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC87 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC8Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC9Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MD11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MD80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MD90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Globemaster 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Skytrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liftmaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC-8-50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC-8-60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC-8-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC-8 (Stage 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC9/Nightingale/Skytrain II . . . . . . . DC9 (Stage 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phantom 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eagle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F/A-18/Hornet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MD-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MD-80 Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MD90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-9 4-9 5-2 8-6 8-6 8-6 8-6 6-18 6-18 7-3 9-13 9-16 9-18 7-7 6-36 6-36

Mitsubishi . . . . . . . . . . MU2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MU30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MU-2/Marquise/Solitaire . . . . . . . . . . Diamond I/MU-300 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-34 6-37

Mooney . . . . . . . . . . . . M20P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M20/Mark 21/Ranger . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28

I-8


NAMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . YS11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . YS-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

Navion . . . . . . . . . . . . RANG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rangemaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39

Nord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N260 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Transall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Super Broussard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6 4-14

Northrop . . . . . . . . . . . B2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Spirit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Freedom Fighter/Tiger 2 . . . . . . . . . . Talon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-6 9-14 9-24

Piper . . . . . . . . . . . . . AEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P28A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P28R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P28T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA32/P32R/P32T . . . . . PA34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P46T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAY1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAY2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAY3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAY4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aero Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cub Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Super Cub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comanche . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aztec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cherokee/Archer/Warrior . . . . . . . . . Arrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Turbo Arrow 2/3/4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Twin Comanche . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chieftain/Mohave/Navajo . . . . . . . . . Cherokee Six/Lance/Saratoga. . . . . Seneca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tomahawk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seminole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Malibu/Malibu Mirage . . . . . . . . . . . Malibu Meridian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cheyenne 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cheyenne 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cheyenne 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cheyenne 400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-6 2-30 2-30 3-35 2-31 3-35 2-32 2-33 2-33 3-36 3-37 2-34 3-38 2-35 3-39 2-36 2-37 3-40 3-40 3-40 3-40

Rockwell . . . . . . . . . . . AC11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC56 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC6L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JCOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SBR1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aero Commander 112/114 . . . . . . . Commander 500/Shrike . . . . . . . . . Commander 560 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grand Commander 685/680FL . . . . Turbo Commander 680 . . . . . . . . . . Turbo Commander 690 . . . . . . . . . . Lancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jet Commander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sabreliner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-4 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-5 9-5 6-28 6-38

SAAB/Fairchild . . . . . . SF34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model SF-340 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

Short Brothers . . . . . . . SH33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shorts 330/Sherpa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Vickers . . . . . . . . . . . . VC10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VC-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10

Vought . . . . . . . . . . . . A7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corsair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

I-9

Index – Helicopters

Manufacturer Type Designator Model Name Page

Aerospatiale . . . . . . . .

ALO2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ALO3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AS32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AS50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LAMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PUMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S65C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S360 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alouette 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alouette 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Super Puma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ecurevil/Astar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Puma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dauphin 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dauphin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-3 10-4 10-15 10-5 10-14 10-15 10-19 10-21

Agusta . . . . . . . . . . . . . A109 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model A 109/A/A-II . . . 10-2

Bell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UH1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B06 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HUCO . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Huey/Iroquois/Model 204/205 . . . . . Jet Ranger/Long Ranger . . . . . . . . . Twin Huey/Model 212/214/B-1. . . . . Cobra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-22 10-6 10-7 10-13

Boeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vertol

H46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sea Knight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chinook/Model 234 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-10 10-11

MBB/Kawasaki . . . . . . BK17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model BK117 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9

McDonnell- . . . . . . . . . Douglas

H500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pawnee/Model 369/500D/MD/MG. . . 10-12

Messerschmidtt . . . . . . -Bolkow-Blohm

B105 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Model BO 105 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8

Robinson . . . . . . . . . . . R22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Beta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Astro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-16 10-17

Sikorsky . . . . . . . . . . . S61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S76 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sea King/Commando/CH-124 . . . . . Spirit/Eagle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-18 10-20

A-1

APPENDIX

A-2

A-3

Bibliography

Buchholtz, Barbara, The Aviators Source Book, St. Martin Press, 175 5th Ave., New York,

New York 10010, 1982 Dow, Gene M., General Aviation Aircraft, General Aviation Press, Box 916 Snyder, Texas

79549, 1975 Federal Aviation Administration, Order 7110.65, Air Traffic Control, FAA Headquarters, ATP-

100, 800 Independence Ave. SW, Washington, DC 20591, 2002 Federal Aviation Administration, Order 7340.1, Contractions, FAA Headquarters, ATA100,

800 Independence Ave. SW, Washington, DC 20591, 2002 GAMA’s 1980 Aircraft Fleet Directory, Aircraft Silhouettes reproduced with permission of J.

Mac McClellan, editor Flying Magazine, Diamandis Communications, 1633 Broadway New York, New York 10019

Green, William, Macdonald Aircraft Handbook, Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., Gulf

House, 2 Portman St. London, W.1, 1864 Green, William; Swanborough, Gordon; Mowinski, John; Modern Commercial Aircraft,

Salamander Books Ltd., Portland House Publishing, 225 Park Ave. S. New York, New York 10003, 1987

Jane’s All the World’s Aircraft, (1967-2002), Jane’s Publishing Co. Ltd., 238 City Road

London, EC1V 2PV England Taylor, John W. R., Jane’s Pocket Book of Commercial Transport Aircraft, MacMillan

Publishing Company, Inc., 866 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10022, 1973 Taylor, John W. R., Jane’s Pocket Book of Light Aircraft, MacMillan Publishing Company,

Inc., 866 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10022, 1974 Wood, Derek, Jane’s World Aircraft Recognition Handbook, Jane’s Information Group Ltd.,

163 Brighton Road, Coulsdon Surrey, CR5 2YH United Kingdom, 1989. Silhouettes reproduced with permission.

A-4

Acknowledgements

Silhouettes used in this manual were reproduced with permission from Jane’s Information Group. Special thanks to the following photographers who generously granted permission to use their photographs from the Airliners.Net web site in this manual: Joe Brown

Chris Coduto

James Richard Covington, Jr.

John Davies

Erik Frikke

Gunter Gronstein

Lindsay Hockey

Elisabeth Klimesch

David Knudsen

Tim Lachenmaier

Edward Lai

Pierre Langlois

Eduard Marmet

Julien Moerenhout

Neville Murphy

Philippe Noret

Rodolfo Philipp

Frank Schaefer

Terry Shepherd

John P. Stewart

Jochen Thoma

Peter Vercruijsse

Colin K. Work

Tony Zeljeznjak

Cover photos courtesy of Frank Schaefer and Airliners.net

A-5

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