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AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
François Soumis & Mirela StojkovićFrançois Soumis & Mirela StojkovićAD OPT Research Consultants, GERAD AD OPT Research Consultants, GERAD
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Altitude Suite of ProductsAltitude Suite of Products
• Altitude has developed a suite of crew planning, optimization and management solutions:
– Crew Pairing System
– Preferential Bidding System (PBS)
– Bidline System
– Manpower Planning System (MPP)
– Vacation Bidding System (VBS)
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY PROBLEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY PROBLEM
PASSENGERSPASSENGERS
PLANNING
DECISIONS
PLANNING
DECISIONS
PERTURBATIONS
• FLIGHT DELAYS• AIRPORT CAPACITY
PERTURBATIONS
• FLIGHT DELAYS• AIRPORT CAPACITY
FLIGHTS
• CANCELLATIONS• DELAYS
AIRCRAFT
• ASSIGNMENT• ROUTING
FLIGHTS
• CANCELLATIONS• DELAYS
AIRCRAFT
• ASSIGNMENT• ROUTING
CREWCREW
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY PROBLEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY PROBLEM
CREWFLIGHTS
• EXTENDED DUTIES
• SWAPS
CREWFLIGHTS
• EXTENDED DUTIES
• SWAPS
• REROUTING• REROUTING
PASSENGERS
• MINIMIZE DELAYS
• PRESERVE CONNECTIONS
PASSENGERS
• MINIMIZE DELAYS
• PRESERVE CONNECTIONS
• REROUTING• REROUTING
PLANNING
DECISIONS
PLANNING
DECISIONS
PERTURBATIONS
• FLIGHT DELAYS• AIRPORT CAPACITY
PERTURBATIONS
• FLIGHT DELAYS• AIRPORT CAPACITY
FLIGHTS
• CANCELLATIONS• DELAYS
AIRCRAFT
• ASSIGNMENT• ROUTING
FLIGHTS
• CANCELLATIONS• DELAYS
AIRCRAFT
• ASSIGNMENT• ROUTING
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
MODULAR SYSTEMMODULAR SYSTEM
INTERACTIVE MODULE (SMALL DISRUPTIONS)
• Graphical user interface
• Cost evaluation: aircraft, crew, passengers
• Network search engine
– 3 best swap alternatives for each disruption
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
OPTIMIZATION MODULE (MAJOR DISRUPTIONS)OPTIMIZATION MODULE (MAJOR DISRUPTIONS)
• Fix all disruptions simultaneously
– Adjust flight schedule: delays, cancellations– Reroute aircraft and crews
• Minimize aircraft + crew + passenger cost
• Constraints:
– Airport: capacity– Flight: maximal delay, aircraft type– Aircraft: connection time, maintenance– Crew: qualification, duty duration, connection time
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Schedule Thinning ScenariosSchedule Thinning ScenariosThunderstorm at YYZ, 102 involved flights
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17:0
0 - 1
7:04
17:3
0 - 1
7:34
18:0
0 - 1
8:04
18:3
0 - 1
8:34
19:0
0 - 1
9:04
19:3
0 - 1
9:34
19:5
5 - 1
9:59
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivalsCapacity Reduction Period Stabilization period
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Scheduled vs. Reduced Flight LoadsScheduled vs. Reduced Flight LoadsReduction: 27%
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
17
:30
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
17
:30
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals
Flight statistics:
Cancelled flights: 0
Delayed flights: 23
Average delay: 39 min
Solution time: 47 sec
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Reduction: 45%
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
17
:30
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals Flight statistics:
Cancelled flights: 0
Delayed flights: 31
Average delay: 51 min
Solution time: 45 sec
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Scheduled vs. Reduced Flight LoadsScheduled vs. Reduced Flight LoadsReduction: 63%
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
17
:30
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals Flight statistics:
Cancelled flights: 1
Delayed flights: 39
Average delay: 56 min
Solution time: 56 sec
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
17
:30
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Scheduled vs. Reduced Flight LoadsScheduled vs. Reduced Flight LoadsReduction: 27% in [17:00 17:44], 63% in [17:45 18:29]
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
17
:30
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals Flight statistics:
Cancelled flights: 0
Delayed flights: 36
Average delay: 37 min
Solution time: 51 sec
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
17
:30
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Scheduled vs. Reduced Flight LoadsScheduled vs. Reduced Flight LoadsReduction: 63% in [17:00 17:44], 27% in [17:45 18:29]
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
17
:30
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals Flight statistics:
Cancelled flights: 0
Delayed flights: 31
Average delay: 56 min
Solution time: 56 sec
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
17
:00
17
:30
18
:00
18
:30
19
:00
19
:30
20
:00
Departures
Flexible arrivals
Fixed arrivals
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Scenario 63_27: Aircraft StatisticsScenario 63_27: Aircraft Statistics
Aircraft itineraries: 77
Disrupted aircraft itineraries: 11
Cancelled flights: 0
Situation before reoptimizing aircraft itineraries:– Number of additional flights to be cancelled: 20
Situation after reoptimizing aircraft itineraries (aircraft swaps):– Number of additional flights to be cancelled: 0– Additionally modified aircraft itineraries: 22
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Aircraft itineraries after the flight schedule modificationsAircraft itineraries after the flight schedule modifications
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Aircraft Swaps at YYZAircraft Swaps at YYZ
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
New Aircraft ItinerariesNew Aircraft Itineraries
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Related Crew ItinerariesRelated Crew Itineraries15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00
D 0790 YYZ
YYZ
3552 YYZ
Crew_013
Crew_034
Crew_050
Reference hour
Reduction period
Stabilization period
0821 0818
0585
0720 0725
Crew_bbb: Maximum duty time violationDelayed flight
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Related Crew ItinerariesRelated Crew Itineraries15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00
D 0790 YYZ
YYZ
3552 YYZ
Crew_013
Crew_034
Crew_050
Reference hour
Reduction period
Stabilization period
0821 0818
0585
0720 0725
Crew_bbb: Maximum duty time violation
0582 YYZ 0828 Crew_033
Crew_ccc: Short connection
0456 0461 YYZ 0793 Crew_058
Delayed flight
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Related Crew ItinerariesRelated Crew Itineraries15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00
D 0790 YYZ
YYZ
3552 YYZ
Crew_013
Crew_034
Crew_050
Reference hour
Reduction period
Stabilization period
0821 0818
0585
0720 0725
Crew_bbb: Maximum duty time violation
0582 YYZ 0828 Crew_033
Crew_ccc: Short connection
0456 0461 YYZ 0793 Crew_058
YYZ 0518 Crew_081
YYZ 0420 0870 Crew_087
Crew_eee: Unqualified crew
Delayed flight
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Scenario 63_27: Impact on CrewScenario 63_27: Impact on Crew
Modified aircraft itineraries: 33 out of 77
Crew disruptions: ??? out of 88
Optimization aircraft + crew
• Only 7 disrupted crews
• Swaps to settle problem involve only 6 more crews
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Crew Swaps at YYZCrew Swaps at YYZ
Crew_0020790
15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00
YYZ
D 3634
D 0790
YYZ
YYZ
3192 D 0543YYZ
0175YYZ
YYZ
3552 YYZ
0463 D 0175
Crew_005
Crew_007
Crew_013
Crew_029
Crew_030
Crew_034
Crew_050
YYZ
Reference hour
YUL YHZ
YWG
DEN
YOW YWG
Reduction period
Stabilization period
0436
0435
ORD0821 0818
0585
0720 0725LGA
Crew_099
YYZ1126
Crew_bbb: Maximum duty time violation
DEN 0582 YYZ 0828 BOS Crew_033
Crew_ccc: Short connection
YYZ 0456 YOW 0461 YYZ 0793 Crew_058
YYZ 0518 YQB Crew_081
YYZ 0420 0870YUL Crew_087
Crew_eee: Unqualified crew
Crew_aaa: Legal itinerary
0462 0467YOW
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Sample of the planned passenger connections at YYZSample of the planned passenger connections at YYZ16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00 01:00
0149
0145
0135
YUL
ORD
0435
0823
1127
1121
0175
YUL
LGA
Reduction period
Stabilization period
0459
3050
0793LAX
YYC
0759
YEG
YQR
3553YYJ
3878
YWG
YOW
a Passenger connection
a: planned passengers
25
5
2
2
3
3
3
3
3 12
8
8
49
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Sample of the planned passenger connections at YYZSample of the planned passenger connections at YYZ16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00 01:00
0149
0145
0135
YUL
ORD
0435
0823
1127
1121
0175
YUL
LGA
Delayed flightReduction period
Stabilization period
0459
3050
0793LAX
YYC
0759
YEG
YQR
3553YYJ
3878
YWG
YOW
2; 0
5; 0
5; 4
a; b
Short connection
a: planned passengers
b: served passengers
33333
2
2
4
12
8
9
8
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Scenario 63_27: Passengers StatisticsScenario 63_27: Passengers Statistics
Passengers
Scheduled Served
Arrivals 2318 2281
Departures 2240 2220
Total 4558 4501 (99%)
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
Solution SummarySolution Summary
Capacity reduction (%)
27 45 63 27_63 63_27
Cancelled flights 0 0 1 0 0
Delayed flights 23 31 39 36 31
Average delay (min) 39 51 56 37 56
Modified aircraft itineraries 27 34 41 34 33
Modified crew itineraries 6 14 21 11 13
CPU (sec) 47 45 56 51 56
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
ConclusionConclusion
OPTIMIZATION MODULE
• GLOBAL VIEW
• FIX MANY PERTURBATIONS SIMULTANEOUSLY
• CONSIDER AIRCRAFT, CREW , PASSENGERS
• SOLUTION TIME < 1 MINUTE
OPTIMIZATION MODULE
• GLOBAL VIEW
• FIX MANY PERTURBATIONS SIMULTANEOUSLY
• CONSIDER AIRCRAFT, CREW , PASSENGERS
• SOLUTION TIME < 1 MINUTE
INTERACTIVE MODULE
•VISUALISATION
•EVALUATION
•FINE TUNING
INTERACTIVE MODULE
•VISUALISATION
•EVALUATION
•FINE TUNING
MAJOR OR MEDIUM DISRUPTIONS
NEW PLAN
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEM
AGIFORS Airline Operations June 15 -18, 2003 Auckland New Zealand
AD OPT Technologies3535 Queen Mary, Suite 650
Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH3V 1H8
1.514.345.0580www.ad-opt.com
AIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT RECOVERY SYSTEMFrançois Soumis & Mirela StojkovićFrançois Soumis & Mirela Stojković
AD OPT Research Consultants, GERAD AD OPT Research Consultants, GERAD