1. Mike McCreary
Albums of American Colonies

2. Native Americans (Canada)
The Jesuits of France settled in Canada on a mission to spread Christianity
The Native Americans they encountered were the Algonquians, Montagnais, Hurons and the Iroquois
These tribes were much more civilized than previously thought
Their peaceful ways and agricultural lifestyle of the Algonquians made it easier for the Jesuits to convert them to Christianity
3. Native Americans (United States)
With the arrival of the Europeans, many tribes had to adjust to another presence in their land
Some, such as Squanto, tried to make peaceful relations through trade
Others, like Openchacanough, openly fought against the colonists
Eventually treaties had to be signed to stop the exploitation of the Natives
Red Shoes used these treaties and conflicts among the European colonies to gain power and wealth between both Indian nations and the colonies
Squanto
Openchacanough
4. Native Americans (South America)
When the Spanish came to S. America, they came looking to conquer and own whatever they found
Many were promised better lives but were sold as slaves
Priests of the old religion were persecuted and often killed
They practiced their religion in secret and pretended to be Christians when accused of witchcraft and idolatry
5. Africans
The African slave trade was the greatest forced migration in history
Their traditions and culture blended into every part of the land they were forced to move to
Some were granted freedom and worked along side the White merchants and farmers
During the American Revolution, slaves were offered freedom to fight on the British side
They were allowed to marry but this was not seen as legally binding and marriages could be broken up if one was sold to another owner
6. English
The English was one of the strongest empires in the world
The sun never sets on the English Empire meant that their colonies were so far ranging that it was daylight in at least one of them all the time
Their presence in America was a tragic beginning at the colony of Jamestown
It is still unknown the exact cause of the colonys collapse but theories include disease, starvation, Indian resistance, and even poisoning
Plymouth was a much more successful endeavor set up by the Puritans escaping religious persecution
7. France
France colonized much of Canada around the same time England was expanding
This created much tension between the two countries
The Seven Years (French and Indian) war was fought over this mounting tension between territorial boundaries
This war ended with the French being forced out of Canada
While still limiting freedoms of the Native Americans, France gave them more leeway into decided what type of lifestyle they wanted under French rule
8. Dutch
The Dutch gained occupancy of the territory between Virginia and New France in the 1620s
Colonists of New Amsterdam (New York later) were complaining that the labor on the farms was too difficult and slaves were needed to be productive
In the 1640s, slave trade that originally went from Angola to Curacao (another Dutch colony) was now allowed to go directly to New Amsterdam
The Dutch colonies in Brazil also sent slaves to New Amsterdam to help ease the labor disputes
9. Spanish
The Spanish conquered all of Mexico and a vast area of S. America
Lima is the capital of Peru and was also a Spanish colony
An eccentric character who lived most of his life in Lima was Cristobal Bequer
He avoided the law by joining a monastery and working his way up the channels of the church
He was convicted of harassment but also avoided punishment by delaying the court with appeals for over a year
This story shows the influence of church and original countries laws being difficult to enforce in a colony being established
10. Portuguese
Brazil was a major colony for the Portuguese
It had a major sugar exportation that required a lot of workers
Because it was such a vast diverse land, guides were often needed to find free laborers
Damiana de Cunha was one guide who was a native raised by the colonial governor
Her goal was to convince her tribe of the Amazon to move to the villages set up by the Portuguese where the food was more reliable and safer
11. Sources
American Colonies
Jesuit Relations
Struggle and Survival
The Aztecs
The Slave in Early New York -William Renwick Riddell The Journal of Negro History, Vol. 13, No. 1 (Jan., 1928), pp. 53-86 Published by: Association for the Study of African-American Life and History, Inc.