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Alcatel BTS Training Program
Alcatel BTS Training Program
Khalid Mahmood (RYK-222)
The BTS provides two-way radio communication between the PSTN and Mobile Station (Mobile Set) located in a single GSM cell. It also provides a similar link between the mobile station and the rest of the networks. The BTS provides on interface for the digital baseband signals used by the land based networks and the GSM radio signals used by mobile station.
BTS Role in GSM Network
Logical position of BTS in BSS
For system incorporating GPRS some additional components are required as shown the below figure. An MFS is placed in the system between the BSC and SGSN. The MFS contains a number of PCUs, one of which controls all the GPRS activity for the one cell.
BTS in BSS with GPRS
Logical position of BTS in BSS with GPRS
A serving GPRS support node (SGSN) is responsible for the delivery of data packets from and to the mobile stations within its geographical service area. Its tasks include packet routing and transfer, mobility management (attach/detach and location management), logical link management, and authentication and charging functions. The location register of the SGSN stores location information (e.g., current cell, current VLR) and user profiles (e.g., IMSI, address(es) used in the packet data network) of all GPRS users registered with this SGSN.
SGSN (serving GPRS support node)
Functional Architecture of BTS
Channel OrganizationRF signals over the Air interface carry traffic and signaling/Control channels which are organized according to GSM recommendations. The allocation and control of these channels are managed by the BTS functions.Radio Resource Management function controls and organize radio resources to meet current operational needs of both the networks and individual.
Functional Architecture of BTS
As the principal interface between the PSTN and Mobile Stations, the BTS performs four primary functions. Transmission function, which manage the transfer of traffic and control data between the BTS and BSC.Telecommunication functions, which manage the transfer of traffic and control data between the BTS and Mobile Station.O&M function, which supervise the operation of the BTS.Support function, which provides a logical and physical environment in which the BTS functions can be realized.
BTS Functions
Communication between the transmission, telecommunication, and O&M functions is managed according to the OSI model. The BTS functions are concerned with layer 1 (Physical), Layer 2 (Data Link), and Layer 3 (Network) of this
model.
To minimize operating costs, all data passed between the BTS and BSC in Time division multiplexed onto a single physical interface. This is the Abis Interface, which carries all the data sent between the BSC and BTS. Logical links between the BSC and BTS handles the following information:
Transmission Functions
Signaling data used for control purposes
O&M data for the BTS transmission module
O&M data for the BTS entities
User data in the form of speech and data traffic.
To minimize operating costs, all data passed between the BTS and BSC in Time division multiplexed onto a single physical interface. This is the Abis Interface, which carries all the data sent between the BSC and BTS. Logical links between the BSC and BTS handles the following information:
Transmission Functions
Signaling data used for control purposes
O&M data for the BTS transmission module
O&M data for the BTS entities
User data in the form of speech and data traffic.
For BTS and BSC multiplexing equipment is normally connected using dedicated cabling. Other method of Abis Interface connection can be used for BTS, where the installation of the dedicated cabling in not possible. In this case, control of the transmission medium is in the hands of third party.
Abis Interface:
Microwave Link (used where line of sight radio path is available.
Leased Line (Copper Cable or Fiber Optic used where the
distance between the BSC and BTS is too great for microwave).
Satellite Link (Used where Previous two methods are not
possible)
There are two primary telecommunication functions:
Telecommunication Function
Based band funcations modulate and encode traffic and signaling data from the BSC according to GSM recomendaitos. This data is then sent to the Mobile Stations using the RF function. Traffic and signaling received from the Mobile Stations is demodulated and decoded to recover the baseband data.
Baseband Functions:
Telecommunication Function
RF functions enable traffic and signaling to be sent and received over the Air Interface as a radio signal. A special link layer protocol ensures the reliable transfer of signaling data over the Air Interface.For antenna Diversity, the telecommunication function uplink path is duplicated. The duplicated functions intend from the antennas, through the RF functions.
RF Function:
O&M Functions
O&M functions monitor and control the correct operation of the BTS and its external interfaces. These function are shared between the BTS and BSC. The BSC provides overall control.The O&M function use Layer 2 links for BTS internal communications. A terminal connected via an MMI is used for local operator control of the BTS.
There are four categorized of O&M function:Configuration ManagementFault ManagementDedicated Alarm and Control HandlingExternal Alarm Handling.The O&M function also control the operation of the RF self-tests and manage the actions required by the BTS recovery Strategy.
Support Function
The support function provides a number of services relevant to the internal working of the BTS are:
Clock generation and distribution.
External alarm collection.
Internal self tests.
Introduction of Alcatel BTS
Introduction of Alcatel BTS
BTS Circuit Breakers (BCB)
Network Interface Card
External Alarm Circuit Board (EACB)
Shelf # 5
Shelf # 4
Shelf # 3
Shelf # 2
Shelf # 1
Combiners
TRE
SUMA Card
External Alarm Circuit Board (EACB)
Network Interface Card BTS Circuit Breakers (BCB)
BTS Circuit Breakers (BCB)
External Alarm Circuit Board (EACB)
Network Interface Card
Transmitter Connector
Antenna Connector
Lock Fastener
Module Extractor
Receiver Connector
Equipment Label
Lock Fastener
Transmitter Connector
Module Extractor
Receiver Connector
Antenna Connector
Equipment Label
Lock Fastener
Transmitter Connector
Module Extractor
Equipment Label
ON/OFF Switch
USB Test Connector
Receiver Connector
LEDs
Abis ½ Connector
Lock Fastener
Equipment Label
BTS ConnectionArea Connector
BTS Terminal Connector
Test Connector
USB Connector
LEDs
SUMA Card Basic Architecture
Remote Inventory Cable(RI Cable)
Remote Inventory Cable(RI Cable)
Cabinet Cooling Fan
Connect to Alcatel BTS Using BTS-Terminal
release B9
Connect to Alcatel BTS Using BTS-Terminal
release B9
User Name(COMMTE)
Password(COMMTE)
Press Baud rate button to set it
Select Baud rate = 19200
Select the appropriate COM Port
Press F2 OR “Connect/Disconnect” button
OR File->Connect/Disconnect from menu
Following windows will open on establishing successful connection
Menu bar will be changed on establishing successful connection
Monitor Active Alarm
External Active Alarms Show Here
Show Hardware Configuration (Ctrl H)
Select Appropriate Module
Select OK
Select All
SUMA Card = OMU 1 Rack A (BTS Cabinet # 1)
Shelf # 2
Slot # 7
SBL Module States (F5) SBL Module States (F5)
VSWR Value=1.2
VSWR Value=1.1
Antenna 0=A
Antenna 1=B
RA 1= Combiner 1 Sector A
SBL Management
SBL Management Read Initialize
Disable
RestartReset
Select Module
Execution Result
Selected Module Type
State of the Module (NEQ/OPR/IT)
Modify Hardware Configuration Remove Module
Select Module to Remove
End Modification of HW Configuration
Following window appears(Cabling Detection in Progress)
Click Yes
OFF Line Commissioning
Procedure
OFF Line Commissioning
Procedure
Switch OFF the BTS cabinet and disconnect Abis
connectors from DDF before offline start
Disconnect the Abis connector from The DDF
Switch ON the BTS cabinet breakers and connect the Laptop at the BTS Terminal
using MMI Cable
User Name(COMMTE)
Password(COMMTE)
Press F2 OR “Connect/Disconnect” button
OR File->Connect/Disconnect from menu
Following windows will open on establishing successful connection
Menu bar will be changed on establishing successful connection
Restore Default
Warning Window appearsClick OK to Restore SUMA
Card
Verify Qmux addressPress “Yes” to change it
Confirm Qmux address from OMCR first
Go toCommissioning->Download->BTS-SW
to download BTS software
Edit New Qmux address Press “Put” button to update
Updating Qmux address
Press Browse to select the path of “BM1SAW19.MSF” file
Path Selection Window
Press Browse to select the path of “AGC3AVWa.DDL” file
Software download in ProgressIt may take up to 30 minutes
Initialization window open when download complete
Receiving data window open
Select appropriate option from Frequency Brand dropdown menu1- Select GSM for GSM cabinet
2- Select DCS1800 for DCS cabinet3- Select GSM for GSM+DCS
(Combined) cabinet
Don’t uncheck Bridge check option and don’t change Sectors numbersPress “Save” button in Sector
mapping window
Updating flash
Press Save in TMA Setting window
PressSettings->Transmission->Initial Settings
Verify Baud Rate = 1200
Verify Environment Abis1 = Chain – end position
Verify CRC Check = ON
Reconfirm the Qmux address
Check Line impedance for Abis1 & Abis2 = 75ohm
PressSettings->Transmission->Board Settings
Uncheck all TREs press “Transmit” button
PressCommissioning->Initialization->All Sectors
to initialize BTS
Initialization of Commissioning in progress
PressCommissioning->Station Unit Test
for Station Unit Test
Select “Internal Loop”
“Station Unit Test” in progress
Following Results on successful completion
Select External Loop(Make Sure that the Abis # or 2 must be looped at DDF
Abis # 1 Loop test failed because Abis # 1 not Looped at DDF
Result window appears
Now switch on the BTS cabinet breakers and through the site
Reconnect the Abis connector at DDF by verifying the TX/RX
cables properly
Reconnect the Abis connector at DDF by verifying the TX/RX
cables properly
Best WishesOFF Line Commissioning is
Done Successfully
Best WishesOFF Line Commissioning is
Done Successfully
Alcatel GlossaryA
AN Antenna Network BBCB BTS Control BusBSII Base Station ControllerBSS Base Station SubsystemBTS Base Station TransceiverBTSW BTS-Terminal for Windows
Alcatel GlossaryC
CCF Cabinet Cooling FanCDM Configuration Data MessageCLEI Common Language EquipmentCLLK Clock LinkCPF Configuration Parameter FileCRC Cyclic Redundancy CheckCU Carrier Unit
Alcatel Glossary
DDC Direct CurrentDMA Deferred Maintenance Alarm
EEQU Equipped
Alcatel GlossaryF
FIA Format Identifier for Application part of RIFIM Format Identifier ManufacturingFIT Faulty In TrafficFLT FaultyFOS Faulty Out of Service
Alcatel GlossaryI
ICS Item Change StatusIT In Traffic LLDA Local Defence ActionLRA Local Recovery Action
Alcatel GlossaryM
MI Maintenance InformationMSA MSD AutoMSD Maintenance Seized
NNEQ Not EquippedNOP Not Operational
Alcatel GlossaryO
O&M Operation and MaintenanceOMU Operation and Maintenance UnitOMUA OMU A RITOMUB OMU B RITOP OperationalOPR Operator
Alcatel GlossaryP
PADD Physical AddressPMA Prompt Maintenance Alarm
RRA Radio AccessRF Radio FrequencyRFH Radio Frequency Hopping ( also known as : Synthesizer Hopping )RI Remote InventoryRIT Replaceable ItemRX Receiver or receive .....RTC Remote Tunable Combiner
Alcatel GlossaryS
SBL Security Block LevelSCFE Station Unit Control Function Entity RITSOS System Out of ServiceSUM Station Unit ModuleSUMP SUM PCM RITSW Software
Alcatel GlossaryT
TLV Tag, Length, ValueTRE Transceiver Module (combined Transmitter / Receiver functionality for base band and RF signals)TS TimeslotTX Transmitter or transmit .....
Alcatel GlossaryV
VPMA Very Prompt Maintenance AlarmVSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
WWBC Wide Band CombinerWTC Wait Traffic Clear
XXBCB External BCBXCLK External ClockXIOB External Input Output Board