Red Cup Culture

Created by: Mrs. Allen

Alcohol Alcohol comes from the fermenting of

sugars found in fruits, vegetables, and grains

The ethanol (alcohol) itself is what causes all of the symptoms on the next slide, especially decreased brain activity

Alcohol A DRUG that is produced by a chemical reaction

(fermentation) in fruits, vegetables, and grains.

Depressant-slows down the functions of the brain and central nervous system Altered speech

slurred speech Hazy thinking Slowed reaction time Dulled hearing Impaired vision

Blurry vision Weakened Muscles Foggy memory

black outs

Decreases activity in the brainhttp://sciencenetlinks.com/interactives/alcohol/ebook/pages/central-nervous-system.htm

What would you do?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TuFIyYKsmos

Indiana Lifeline Law http://www.indianalifeline.org/index.html (video)

Indiana’s Lifeline Law grants immunity to intoxicated minors who seek medical attention for a friend but the law doesn’t protect everyone involved.

The law only provides minors immunity for crimes such as: public intoxication,  possession, consumption, and transportation of alcohol.

Any other offense greater than those such as: providing alcohol to a minor, operating while intoxicated, or possessing a controlled substance (illegal drugs or prescription medicines) is not covered by the Lifeline Law.

Indiana Lifeline Law Minors get immunity after they’ve shown that

they’re acting in good faith by cooperating with police and by staying at the scene until help arrives.

The law does not cover the person receiving treatment or who needs medical attention. It only covers the person helping to seek medical attention. This is because Indiana does not support binge

drinking and its consequences; they also do not want to encourage binge drinking

“Make the call. Get help. Save a life.”

What is a “drink?” .5-/.6 oz of pure alcohol=1

drink

Typically that is equivalent to: 12 ounces of beer 5 ounces of wine 3 ounces of fortified wine

1.5 ounces of hard liquor, generally a shot (not pictured)

Or drink on the rocks5 ounces of cider

What is a “drink?” So what if a person had a margarita that had 3 ounces

of tequila in it?

Remember that 1.5 ounces of hard liquor is technically 1 drink

Even though they ordered and had 1 beverage, they actually had 2 servings (2 “drinks”) of alcohol

=

How Alcohol Enters the Body

20% is absorbed in the stomach

80% is absorbed in the small intestine

The alcohol then enters the bloodstream

The alcohol reaches the brain within 30 seconds of consumption

20%

80%

Blood Alcohol Concentration

BAC-the amount of alcohol in a person’s bloodstream

BAC is expressed as the percentage of the total amount of blood in the body that is alcohol

At a BAC of .02 percent, most people will begin to feel lightheaded

At a BAC of .08 the person is considered legally intoxicated (DWI)

A BAC of .3 is considered deadly

Alcohol Effects Depend On…

Body Size/Age-smaller people are affected more quickly than larger people

Gender-females are affected more quickly than males

Medicine-alcohol mixed with medicine or other drugs can be deadly! Alcohol can make the effects of other drugs stronger

Food-Food in the stomach slows down alcohol absorption

General Health-Someone who is tired and sick will be affected more quickly

Amount drank/Time frame-drinking a lot and doing so quickly will overwork the liver and cause intoxication

How Alcohol Exits the Body

The liver breaks down about 95% of the alcohol consumed at a rate of about .5 ounces per hour 1 drink (pure alcohol) per hour

The rest is eliminated through your breath, urine, and sweat

If you intake multiple drinks (pure alcohol) per hour your body will struggle to get rid of the alcohol; this is when you become intoxicated.

If you have taken in too much alcohol your body will find other means to get rid of the alcohol such as vomiting

Immediate Effects

As alcohol enters the bloodstream a person begins to feel the affects of the alcohol

As soon as the alcohol reaches the brain, the person’s reaction time slows down

The drinker then has lowered inhibitions Inhibitions-a restraint of a person’s own

behaviors or actions. Their inhibitions keep a person from making

embarrassing and poor choices

Immediate Effects As the person continues to drink, they will

become intoxicated (drunk) Intoxicated-physically and mentally impaired by

the use of alcohol

Short Term Effects Intoxication

Slurred speech

Blurred vision

Slowed reaction time

Impaired judgment

Lowered inhibitions poor judgment &

decisions

Nausea

Vomiting

Sweating

Hang over

Diarrhea

Death due to alcohol poisoning or poor life choices

Long Term Effects Long-term use of alcohol in excessive quantities

is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body.

The developing adolescent brain is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol

Long Term Effects:Mouth and Throat

People who drink large amounts of alcohol are more likely to develop mouth or throat cancer

The lining of your throat can be destroyed, leading to bleeding of the throat

Long Term Effects:Stomach and

Pancreas Alcohol irritates the lining of the stomach, after all it does have to work to absorb it, and increases the amount of acid in the stomach This constant increase in acid makes the lining of

the stomach red and swollen and can lead to ulcers

Drinking can cause the valve between the stomach and the esophagus to weaken, which can lead to heartburn

Excessive drinking can cause inflammation of the pancreas, known as pancreatitis and increase the risk for pancreatic cancer

Stomach Ulcers

Long Term Effects: Liver

Because the liver breaks down most of the alcohol in the body, it is one of the most seriously affected organs due to alcohol use Fatty Liver Disease-this is when fat builds up in the

liver and prevents it from functioning normally Cirrhosis-scarring of the liver tissue. The damaged

liver cannot do one of its main functions—remove poisons from the body, which can eventually damage the brain

Both of these conditions can be fatal, as your liver filters toxins from your blood

Liver

Long Term Effects: Heart

High BP due to damage of the heart muscle which makes the heart weak and enlarged

This increases the risk of congestive heart failure (your heart fails to keep working) and stroke

Long Term Effects: Brain

Memory loss, dementia, confusion

Learning difficulty

Damage to the nerves, which can result in a numbness and tingling in the hands and feet

Sleep problems

Depression

All of these affects can be exaggerated in the developing adolescent brain

Long Term Effects: Drinking While

Pregnant Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

can occur if alcohol is consumed during pregnancy. FAS or Fetal Alcohol Syndrome affects the child.

There is no specific amount of alcohol that a woman has to drink to affect her baby.

The alcohol travels through the mothers bloodstream and directly into the babies bloodstream through the umbilical cord.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

FAS-a group of alcohol-related birth defects; both physical and mental

Affects Poor growth while the baby is in the womb and after Decreased muscle tone and poor coordination Delayed development and significant functional problems

in 3 or more major areas: thinking, speech, movement, or social skills (as expected for the babies age)

Heart defects and kidney problems (95%) Because alcohol limits oxygen supply to the babies brain,

learning disabilities and mental retardation can occur Behavioral problems

How much is too much?

Binge Drinking Binge Drinking-the consumption of

several alcoholic drinks in a very short period of time Men: 5 per hour, Women: 4 per hour

Very common amongst teen drinkers

Dangers include: Death due to falls, downing, drunk driving Loss of virginity, pregnancy, or

contraction of an STD Being a victim of a violent behavior Being an offender of a violent behavior

Impaired judgment No means No, silence means no, must be

an enthusiastic “YES!” Death from alcohol poisoning http://teenshealth.org/teen/drug_alcohol/alcohol/

binge_drink.html#a_Physical_Health

Alcohol Poisoning

Alcohol Poisoning-when a person drinks an excessive amount of alcohol it can kill the drinker

Binge drinking is VERY dangerous because the person can die of alcohol poisoning. Remember that alcohol is a drug.

A person with alcohol poisoning is often NOT helped because… Their friends are intoxicated and don’t make good

decisions or don’t even notice Their “friends” don’t want to get in trouble for drinking

(remember the Lifeline Law!!) Those with the drinker they they have just passed out

and they will sleep it off and wake up in the morning…

Signs & Symptoms Alcohol poisoning signs and

symptoms include: Confusion Vomiting Seizures Slow breathing (less than eight

breaths a minute) Irregular breathing (a gap of more

than 10 seconds between breaths) Blue-tinged skin or pale skin Low body temperature (hypothermia)

Clammy Passing out (unconsciousness) and

can't be awakenedhttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/alcohol-

poisoning/DS00861/DSECTION=symptoms

What to do if someone has

Alcohol Poisoning Alcohol poisoning is an emergency! If you're with someone who has

been drinking a lot of alcohol and you see any of the signs or symptoms, here's what to do:

Call 911 immediately! Never assume that a person will sleep off alcohol poisoning

Be prepared to provide information. the kind and amount of alcohol the person drank, and when.

Don't leave an unconscious person alone. Because alcohol poisoning affects the way your gag reflex works, someone with alcohol poisoning may choke on his or her own vomit and not be able to breathe. While waiting for help, don't try to make the person vomit because he or she could choke.

Help a person who is vomiting. Try to keep him or her sitting up. If the person must lie down, make sure to turn his or her head to the side — this helps prevent choking. Try to keep the person awake to prevent loss of consciousness.

One Destructive Decision

Carson’s Story http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUKLHa4f7

h4

Drinking and Driving Commercial http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jc7SMQ5U

9KM

I killed a man http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=MmpK_EshSL4

Real Life Examples

http://www.ddreform.org/Articles/Towery100.html

Valedictorian, class president, 3 sport athlete

Freshman studying at IU to be a doctor and help save lives

One “fun” night, a few impaired decisions, and 3 lives lost

Dane, a 21 year from my home town, was sentenced to 12 years in 2006 after 3 people were killed when Dane decided to drive while intoxicated.

Real Life Examples

Alcohol: True Stories http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=RVQMX4cGyow

Alcoholism Addiction-the physical or psychological need

for a drug Physical Dependence-when the body feels a

direct need for the drug (physical addiction) Nausea, sweating, shaking

Psychological Dependence-when the mind feels a need for the drug. Unable to limit drinks, drink alone or hide drinking,

rituals of drinking at a certain time, irritable when your experiencing withdrawal

Alcoholism Alcoholism-a progressive, chronic disease

involving a mental and physical need for alcohol

Alcohol Abuse-pattern of drinking that results in one or more well-defined behaviors within a 12-month period The person is not yet physically dependent on

alcohol

More Than Physical

Loss of… Job Money Friends Family

Depression Suicidal Abusive towards family

Alcohol doesn’t just affect the drinker…

5 Major Symptoms of Alcoholism

Denial

Craving

Loss of Control

Physical Dependence

Tolerance-a process in which the body needs more and ore of a drug to get the same effect A person’s BAC doesn’t change, but someone

with a high alcohol tolerance doesn’t show as many outward signs of being intoxicated.

Stages of Alcoholism

Stage 1: The person starts using alcohol to relieve stress

or to relax Looking for opportunities to drink Gradual increase in tolerance

Stage 2: Person has times of memory-loss or blackouts

from drinking Doing or saying hurtful things Beginning to sneak drinks and makes excuses

for drinking

Stages of Alcoholism

Stage 3: The alcoholic loses control. They may intend to have one

drink, but they end up having many and can’t stop. May become aggressive or unreliable. May lie and

become deceitful. Start to avoid family and friends and have problems with

work and money May notice tremors and the start of sever physical

problems

Stage 4: The person lives to drink; they drink all day Long periods of being intoxicated Strange thinking or hallucinations Malnutrition