Alenia Aermacchi at Paris Air Show 2013

Alenia Aermacchi global player: 100 years of design, development, production and support of civil and military aircraft

Gregory Alegi

Paris | 19 June 2013

Alenia Aermacchi

A century of Italian aircraft industry

19 June2013|Gregory Alegi

Ruffo

1.The Origins: Italian capitals, foreign technologies2.Lean Years: Technology driven by records3.Ten Years of Conflicts: Operations vs. Investment4.Rebuilding an Industry: Forging links, conquering markets5.Consolidating Names and Technologies: The National Champion6.Conclusions


Ruffo

Year Total Flown Testsw/o flight

Tests On display Insufficient data

1909 13 4 (30%) 2 3 4 0

1910 34 13 (38%) 6 9 4 2

1911 18 10 (55%) 0 7 0 1

1912 15 13 (87%) 0 2 0 0

1913 17 15 (88%) 1 0 0 1

1914 * 4 4 (100%) 0 0 0 0

Total 101 58 (57%) 10 22 8 4

Aircraft of Italian Design and Construction (1909-1914)

* Until August Source: P. Magni archive data

Tonini Monorebus, 1911

1913-1918The Challenge of Building Aircraft

The Origins


RuffoNieuport Type 10.000

May 1, 1913:Nieuport-Macchi

incorporated… after the first

aircraft had been built

The First Macchi

19 Nov 1912

F.lli Macchi decides to build two aircraft

for Italian Army competition

Agreement with Nieuport (France)

Creates Aviation Dept. at F.lli Macchi

By 31 Dec. 1912: 10 staff working on aircraft

5 Apr. 1913-N-M in charge of tech management-F.lli Macchi in charge of production

The Origins

TechnologyWood truss

Fabric covering80 HP engineNo systems


Ruffo

Italian Aircraft Industry in Nov. 1918

From licenses to world-class own designs (M.5, SVA) Built 12,400 aircraft Outproduced main opponent by 230 % 27 airframe manufacturers, 360+ firms in industry Created quality standards and processes Ansaldo SVA prototype (1917)

Macchi M.5 seaplane fighter (1916)

Farman MF.14

Technology400 HP enginesArmamentGunsights

The Origins


Ruffo

Lean Years

Postwar market contraction: companies leave aviation Limited budgets, Army has lion’s share Technology stagnation, in part because of surplus stocks Airline market does not yet exist Creation of Italian Air Force stabilizes market From 1926 coherent industrial policy Controlled growth, cost-plus pricing Design firms specialized by role, standardized production Prototypes and racers to exercise design staffs

1919-1934Technology Driven by Records

Fiat CR.1

Romeo Ro. 1

TechnologySteel truss

400 HP engineEarly radios


Ruffo

Lean Years

In 192743 aircraft built (47% under license)M.52 racers are 9% of total, 20% of proprietary

The MC.72 racer 2,000+ HP First flown 22 June 1931 Systematic development (1931-34) Flutter, cooling, aerodynamics experience 709 kmph World speed record 23 October 1934

Records as R&D: the Macchi case Macchi MC.72

Provides know-how for MC.200 fighterBest performing first-gen Italian monoplaneLeads to 2,500 aircraft family Macchi MC.200


Ruffo

Lean Years

Italy at war in Ethiopia, Spain, WW2 Early successes, govt support lead to export success Quantitative growth constrains investment Multiplication of manufacturers and types Overlaps with technology revolution

(trusses to stressed-skin, wood to metal etc) No planning for extended, global war Short-term success, medium-long obsolescence

1935-1945Ten Years of Conflicts

Fiat CR.32


Ruffo

Performance is Not Enough

Fiat G.55

Several good designs hampered by Poor program management (changes etc.) Multiplication of undersized design offices Vertically integrated production model Skilled labor rather than capital investment Small batches rather than large orders Inadequate engine industry Peacetime procedures and mentality

Two years to decide between three

largely identical fighters

Reggiane RE.2005

TechnologyStressed-skin metal structures

1,475 HP engineFlaps, VP propeller, retracting gear, radio, oxygen

Hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical systems

Macchi C.205

Lean Years


Ruffo

Aerfer Sagittario 2°

Facilities damaged/plundered Industry shrinks by a factor of 10 Technology gap Brain drain Punitive 1947 peace treaty Cold War and NATO turn the tide UK/US licenses critical to resume activity ERP/MDAP also crucial Rebuilding complete by 1956

1946-1956Forging Links

TechnologyStressed-skin metal structures

Jet enginesPressurized cockpits

Ejection seats

Macchi MB.308

Rebuilding an Industry


Ruffo

With Germany: Fiat G.91R/T With de-colonized countries: Macchi MB.326 With USA: Aerfer (overhauls, then DC-9) Transatlantic & pan-European: the F-104G program Receiving high-end tech Transferring moderate tech Product support Growing ambition

1956-1969Forging Links

Technology

AvionicsCNC

SkillsCollaborating

Support

Fiat G.91

Macchi MB.326

Douglas DC-9


Consolidating Names and Technologies

Design sophistication and market competition demand Overcoming fragmentation Concentrating and increasing R&D Critical mass Shift focus from manufacture to design Proprietary products (G.222/C-27, ATR, AMX) Internationalization

1969-2011Towards a National Champion

Fiat (airframes) + Aerfer + Salmoiraghimerge into Aeritalia

50/50 public-private partnership

TechnologyComposites

SkillsSystem integrationTest & SimulationCertification

Boeing 767

ATR 42

Tornado


Consolidating Names and Technologies

From Aeritalia to Alenia Aermacchi

C-27J

M346

Concentration accelerates development Aeritalia (1969-1989) Launches Tornado, ATR, 767, AMX, Eurofighter Incubator for businesses later spun off Merger with Selenia to create Alenia (1990) Key player in reorganization of Italian A&D sector Aermacchi acquires SIAI Marchetti trainer line (1996)

creating Italian training pole Alenia acquires Aermacchi (2003) Launch RRSP in 787 Industry concentration completed in 2012TechnologyUASStealth

SkillsPartnershipUpgrading

Eurofighter


A Century at a Glance


Conclusions

Industrial heritage✈Over 25,000 aircraft built by Alenia Aermacchi and its heritage companies✈Over 4,200 Alenia Aermacchi aircraft built by its licensees ✈About 1,700 aircraft built by Alenia Aermacchi subsidiaries✈Aerostructures for about 15,000 aircraft

Industrial organization✈Two divisions for Civil and Military aircraft (incl. Trainers)✈Nine integrated production centers (tech/product)✈Leader in regional aircraft and trainers✈Joint ventures and consortia (incl. Eurofighter, ATR, SJI)✈Balanced military-civil production✈Balanced proprietary and joint programs✈Supports 200+ customers in 90+ countries✈Over 11,000 staff

A single company from January 1, 2012


Conclusions

The Fundamental Things Apply

✈Stable long-term vision✈Committed to developing, integrating, building and supporting fixed-wing aircraft✈Well-established international partnering skills with both US and European industry✈The World’s oldest aircraft manufacturer in continuous existence under its name

Thank you !Merci !

Grazie !

Alenia Aermacchi today:

The new generation advanced trainer that won all the open tenders so far - M-346, 57 aircraft ordered

Best seller Battlefield airlifter - C-27J, 91 aircraft ordered

Best seller Regional passegner aircraft - ATR family, more than 1250 aircraft ordered

Best Seller screener-basic trainer - SF-260, more than 900 aircraft ordered

Best seller new generation Multi-role fighter - Eurofighter, 571 aircraft ordered

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