All About Bangladesh

7/28/2019 All About Bangladesh

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BangladeshBy: John Mark M. Saludo.


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Bangladesh ( i/bld/ or i/bld/; Bengali: ), officiallythe People's Republic of Bangladesh (Bengali: GnoprojatontriBangladesh) is a country in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides, Burma(Myanmar) on the southeast and the Bay of Bengal to its south. Together with theIndianstate of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. Thename Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" in the official Bengali language.The present-day borders of the country were established during the demise of the British

Indian Empire in 1947, when Bengal was partitioned and the region became East Pakistan,part of the newly formed nation of Pakistan. However, it was separated from WestPakistan by nearly 1,500 km (about 900 mi) of Indian territory. Due to political exclusion,ethnic and linguistic discrimination, and economic neglect by the politically dominantwestern wing, popular agitation and rising nationalism resulted in theWar of Liberation in1971. After independence, Bangladesh proclaimed a secular democratic republic. However,political turmoil in 1975 led to a sixteen year period of martial law and quasi-military rule.The restoration of democracy in 1991 has been followed by relative calm and economic

progress.
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O antiquitySomapura

Mahavihara inPaharpur,

Bangladesh, is thegreatest Buddhist

Vihara in the Indian

Subcontinent, builtby Dharmapala ofBengal

History
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somapura_Mahaviharahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somapura_Mahaviharahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viharahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Subcontinenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Subcontinenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharmapala_of_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharmapala_of_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharmapala_of_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharmapala_of_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharmapala_of_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharmapala_of_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Subcontinenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Subcontinenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Subcontinenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viharahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viharahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viharahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somapura_Mahaviharahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somapura_Mahaviharahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somapura_Mahavihara


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Lalbagh Fort,

constructed in the

mid-17th centuryin Dhaka during the

reign of Aurangzeb.

Cont..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalbagh_Forthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalbagh_Forthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalbagh_Forthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalbagh_Fort


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Shaheed

Minarin Dhaka,

Bangladesh

20th century
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaheed_Minar,_Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaheed_Minar,_Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaheed_Minar,_Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaheed_Minar,_Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaheed_Minar,_Dhaka


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Between 1905 and 1911, an abortive attempt wasmade to divide the province of Bengal into two zones, with

Dhaka being the capital of the eastern zone. When the exit of

the British Empire in 1947, Bengal was partitioned along religious

lines, with the western part going to newly created India, and the

eastern part (Muslim majority) joining Pakistan as a province

called East Bengal (later renamed East Pakistan), with its capital

at Dhaka.[17]In 1950, land reform was accomplished in East

Bengal with the abolishment of the

feudal zamindari system. Despite the economic anddemographic weight of the east, however, Pakistan's government

and military were largely dominated by the upper classes from

the west. The Bengali Language Movement of 1952 was the first

sign of friction between the two wings of Pakistan. Dissatisfaction

with the central government over economic and cultural issues

continued to rise through the next decade, during which

theAwami League emerged as the political voice of the Bengali-

speaking population. It agitated for autonomy in the 1960s, and

in 1966, its president, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (Mujib), wasjailed; he was released in 1969 after an unprecedented popular

uprising. In 1970, a massive cyclone devastated the coast of

East Pakistan, killing up to half a million people and the central

government responded poorly. The Bengali population's anger

was compounded when Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, whose Awami

League won a majority in Parliament in the 1970 elections ] was

blocked from taking office.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamindarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_point_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_Bhola_cyclonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_Bhola_cyclonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_point_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamindarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)


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National Martyrs'

Memorial, dedicated

to those killed inthe Bangladesh

Liberation Warof 1971

Cont..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Martyrs'_Memorialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Martyrs'_Memorialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Martyrs'_Memorialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Martyrs'_Memorial


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National Martyrs'

Memorial, dedicated

to those killed inthe Bangladesh

Liberation Warof 1971

Cont..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Martyrs'_Memorialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Martyrs'_Memorialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Martyrs'_Memorialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Martyrs'_Memorial


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The Bangladesh LiberationWar lasted for nine months.

The Bangladesh Forces formed within

11 sectors led by General M.A.G. Osmani

consisting of Bengali Regular forces

conducted a massive guerilla war against

the Pakistan Forces with support fromthe Mukti Bahinis consisting of Kaderia

Bahni, Hemayet Bahini, and others

financed and equipped by Indian Armed

Forces Maj. Gen. Sujat Singh Uban. The

Indian Army, assisted by Bangladeshi

forces, negotiated a cease-fire and

surrounded the Dhaka Area. The Indian

Army remained in Bangladesh until 19

March 1972.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Sectors_in_Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukti_Bahinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukti_Bahinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukti_Bahinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukti_Bahinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Sectors_in_Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War


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On 11 January 2007, following widespread politicalunrest spearheaded by the Awami League, the Bangladeshcivil and military establishment supported the establishment ofa neutral caretaker government. The caretaker governmentwas appointed to administer the next general election. Thecountry had suffered from extensive corruption, disorder andpolitical violence. The caretaker government made it a priorityto root out corruption from all levels of government. To thisend, many notable politicians and officials, along with largenumbers of lesser officials and party members, were arrestedon corruption charges. The caretaker government held what ititself described as a largely free and fair election on 29

December 2008. The Awami League's Sheikh Hasina won witha landslide in the elections and took the oath of Prime Ministeron 6 January 2009.

21th century


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Floodingin

Bangladesh

Geography
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flooding_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flooding_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flooding_in_Bangladesh


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Bangladesh lies between

latitudes 20 and 27N, and

longitudes 88 and 93E.

Bangladesh is in the low-lying Ganges Delta.

This delta is formed by the confluence of the

Ganges (local

name Padma orPdda), Brahmaputra (Jamuna

or Jomuna also known as "Yamuna"),

and Meghna rivers and their respectivetributaries. The Ganges unites with the Jamuna

(main channel of the Brahmaputra) and later

joins the Meghna to eventually empty into the

Bay of Bengal. The alluvial soil deposited by

these rivers has created some of the most fertile

plains in the world. Bangladesh has 57 trans-

boundary rivers, making water issues politically

complicated to resolve in most cases as the

lowerriparian state to India.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_parallel_northhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27th_parallel_northhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/88th_meridian_easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/93rd_meridian_easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganges_Deltahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padma_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meghna_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluviumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-boundary_riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-boundary_riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riparian_zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riparian_zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-boundary_riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-boundary_riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-boundary_riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-boundary_riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-boundary_riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluviumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluviumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluviumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meghna_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padma_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganges_Deltahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganges_Deltahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganges_Deltahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/93rd_meridian_easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/93rd_meridian_easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/93rd_meridian_easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/88th_meridian_easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/88th_meridian_easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27th_parallel_northhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27th_parallel_northhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27th_parallel_northhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_parallel_northhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_parallel_north


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Most parts of Bangladesh are less

than 12 m (39.4 ft) above the sea level, and it is

believed that about 10% of the land would be

flooded if the sea level were to rise by 1 m(3.28 ft).

In southeast Bangladesh, experiments have

been done since the 1960s to 'build with nature'.

By implementing cross dams, the natural

accretion of silt has created new land. With

Dutch funding, the Bangladeshi governmentbegan to help develop this new land in the late

1970s. The effort has since become a

multiagency operation building roads, culverts,

embankments, cyclone shelters, toilets and

ponds, as well as distributing land to settlers. By

fall 2010, the program will have allotted some

27,000 acres (10,927 ha) to 21,000 families.The highest point in Bangladesh is in Mowdok

range at 1,052 m (3,451 ft) in the Chittagong Hill

Tracts to the southeast of the country. Cox's

Bazar, south of the city of Chittagong, has a

beach that stretches uninterrupted over 120 km

(75 mi).
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O Straddling the Tropic of Cancer, Bangladeshi climate is tropical with amild winter from October to March, a hot, humid summer from March to June.Interestingly, the country has never frozen at any point on the ground, with arecord low of 4.5 degrees centigrade in the south west city ofJessore in thewinter of 2011.[A warm and humid monsoon season lasts from June toOctober and supplies most of the country's rainfall. Natural calamities, such

as floods, tropical cyclones, tornadoes, and tidal bores occur almost everyyear,combined with the effects ofdeforestation, soil degradation and erosion.The cyclones of 1970 and 1991 were particularly devastating. A cyclone thatstruck Bangladesh in 1991 killed some 140,000 people.[37]

O In September 1998, Bangladesh saw the most severe flooding in modernworld history. As the Brahmaputra, the Ganges and Meghna spilt over andswallowed 300,000 houses, 9,700 km (6,000 mi) of road and 2,700 km(1,700 mi) of embankment 1,000 people were killed and 30 million more weremade homeless with 135,000 cattle killed, 50 km2 (19 sq mi) of land destroyedand 11,000 km (6,800 mi) of roads damaged or destroyed. Two-thirds of the

country was underwater. There were several reasons for the severity of theflooding. Firstly, there were unusually highmonsoon rains. Secondly,the Himalayas shed off an equally unusually high amount of melt water thatyear. Thirdly, trees that usually would have intercepted rain water had beencut down for firewood or to make space for animals. [

Climate
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Royal

Bengal

Tiger

Flora and Fauna


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O Bangladesh is a unitary state and parliamentary democracy. Direct

elections in which all citizens, aged 18 or over, can vote are held every

five years for the unicameral parliament known as Jatiya Sangsad. The

parliamentary building is known as the Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban and was

designed by architect Louis Kahn. Currently the parliament has 350

members including 50 reserved seats for women, elected from single-

member constituencies. The Prime Minister, as the head of government,

forms the cabinet and runs the day-to-day affairs of state. While the

Prime Minister is formally appointed by the President, he or she must be

an Member of Parliament who commands the confidence of the majority

of parliament. The President is the head of state but mainly a ceremonial

post elected by the parliament.

O However the President's powers are substantially expanded during thetenure of a caretaker government, which is responsible for the conduct of

elections and transfer of power. The officers of the caretaker government

must be non-partisan and are given three months to complete their task.

This transitional arrangement is an innovation that was pioneered by

Bangladesh in its 1991 election and then institutionalised in 1996 through

its 13th constitutional amendment.

Politics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicameralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiyo_Sangshad_Bhabanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Kahnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_of_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_of_Parliamenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_of_Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caretaker_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caretaker_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_of_Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_of_Parliamenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_of_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Kahnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiyo_Sangshad_Bhabanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiyo_Sangshad_Bhabanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiyo_Sangshad_Bhabanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiyo_Sangshad_Bhabanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiyo_Sangshad_Bhabanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicameralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_state


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O Major parties in Bangladesh are the Bangladesh Awami League, the Bangladesh

Nationalist Party (BNP) and the Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami (BJI). BNP is led

by Khaleda Zia and has politically been allied with Islamist parties like Bangladesh

Jamaat-e-Islami but practice secular politics. Sheikh Hasina's Awami League aligns

with more leftist parties. Hasina and Zia are bitter rivals who have dominated politics

for over 15 years; each is related to one of the leaders of the independencemovement. Another important player is the Jatiya Party, headed by former military

dictator Ershad. The Awami League-BNP rivalry has been bitter and punctuated by

protests, violence and murder. Student politics is particularly strong in Bangladesh, a

legacy from the liberation movement era. Almost all parties have highly active student

wings, and student leaders have been elected to the Parliament.

O On 11 January 2007, following widespread political unrest, a caretaker government

was appointed to administer the next general election. The 22 January 2007 election

was postponed indefinitely and emergency law declared on 11 January 2007 as the

Army backed caretaker government ofFakhruddin Ahmed aimed to prepare a newvoter list and crack down on corruption. They also assisted the interim Government

of Bangladesh in a drive against corruption, which resulted in Bangladesh's position

in Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index changed from the very

bottom, where they had been for 3 years in a row, to 147th in just 1 year. A large

alliance led by the Bangladesh Awami League won 29 December 2008 poll, in a

landslide victory. They got 230 seats among 300 seats in the parliament.

Cont..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Nationalist_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Nationalist_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Jamaat-e-Islamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaleda_Ziahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Hasinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiya_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakhruddin_Ahmedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakhruddin_Ahmedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakhruddin_Ahmedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakhruddin_Ahmedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiya_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiya_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiya_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Hasinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Hasinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaleda_Ziahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaleda_Ziahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaleda_Ziahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Jamaat-e-Islamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Jamaat-e-Islamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Jamaat-e-Islamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Jamaat-e-Islamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Jamaat-e-Islamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Jamaat-e-Islamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Nationalist_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Nationalist_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bangladesh


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O The legal system of Bangladesh is primarily in accordance withthe English legal system although since 1947, the legal scenarioand the laws of Bangladesh have drifted far from the West owing todifferences in socio-cultural values and religious guidelines. InNovember 2007, Bangladesh has successfully separated the

Judiciary from the Executive but several black laws still influencethe rulers in creating Special Tribunals in using several blacklaws[clarification needed] including the Special Powers Act.

O The Constitution of Bangladesh was drafted in 1972 and hasundergone 15 amendments.[ The highestjudicial body isthe Supreme Court. Justices are appointed by the President. Thejudicial and law enforcement institutions are weak. Separation ofpowers, judicial from executive was finally implemented on 1November 2007. It is expected that this separation will make the

judiciary stronger and impartial. Laws are loosely based on Englishcommon law, but family laws such as marriage and inheritance arebased on religious scripts, and therefore differ between religiouscommunities.

Law
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_legal_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarifyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_amendmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_amendmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarifyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_legal_system


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Administrativedivision


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Administrative divisionsO Bangladesh is

divided into sevenadministrative

divisions, eachnamed after theirrespective divisionalheadquarters: Barisal, Chittagong,Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi,Sylhet and Rangpur.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barisal_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barisal_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chittagong_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaka_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaka_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khulna_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajshahi_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylhet_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangpur_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangpur_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangpur_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangpur_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylhet_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajshahi_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khulna_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaka_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaka_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chittagong_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barisal_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barisal_Division


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O Divisions are subdivided into districts (zila). There are 64

districts in Bangladesh, each further subdivided

into upazila (subdistricts) orthana. The area within each policestation, except for those in metropolitan areas, is divided into

several unions, with each union consisting of multiple villages.

In the metropolitan areas, police stations are divided into wards,

which are further divided into mahallas. There are no elected

officials at the divisional or district levels, and the administration

is composed only of government officials. Direct elections are

held for each union (or ward), electing a chairperson and anumber of members. In 1997, a parliamentary act was passed

to reserve three seats (out of 12) in every union for female

candidates. Dhaka is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh.

The cities with City Corporation are: Dhaka South, Dhaka

North, Chittagong, Khulna,Rajshahi, Sylhet, Barisal, Rangpur, C

omilla and Gazipur. These cities have mayoral elections. Othermajor cities

include Mymensingh,Gopalganj, Jessore, Bogra, Dinajpur, Said

apur, Narayanganj and Rangamati. These cities and other

municipalities elect a chairperson. Mayors and chairpersons are

elected for a span of five years
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Councils_of_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chittagonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khulnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajshahihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylhethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barisalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangpur,_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazipur,_Dhaka_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mymensinghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopalganj,_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bograhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinajpur_Sadarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saidpur,_Rangpur_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saidpur,_Rangpur_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narayanganjhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangamatihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangamatihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narayanganjhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saidpur,_Rangpur_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saidpur,_Rangpur_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinajpur_Sadarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bograhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopalganj,_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mymensinghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazipur,_Dhaka_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangpur,_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barisalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylhethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajshahihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khulnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chittagonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Councils_of_Bangladesh


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Workers in a paddy

field a common

scene throughoutBangladesh. Two-

thirds of the

population works in

the agricultural sector.

Agriculture
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddy_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddy_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddy_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddy_field


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Languages of

Bangladesh

Language


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National Mosque of

Bangladesh

Religion


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O The main religion in Bangladesh is Islam (89.4%), buta significant percentage of the population adherestoHinduism (9.6%). The majority of Muslims are Sunni,although a small number are TwelverShias orShias. Bangladesh has the fourth largest Muslim population

afterIndonesia, Pakistan, and India, with over 135 million.O Many people in Bangladesh practice Sufism, as

historically Islam was brought to the region by Sufisaints.Sufi influences in the region go back manycenturies.[ The largest gathering of Muslims in the countryis the Bishwa Ijtema, held annually by the Tablighi Jamaat.Other religious groups include Buddhists (0.7%,

mostly Theravada), Christians (0.3%, mostly of the RomanCatholic denomination), andAnimists (0.1%).[

Cont..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishwa_Ijtemahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablighi_Jamaathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theravadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theravadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablighi_Jamaathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablighi_Jamaathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablighi_Jamaathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishwa_Ijtemahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishwa_Ijtemahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishwa_Ijtemahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism_in_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Bangladesh


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Curzon Hall of the

University of Dhaka

Education
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curzon_Hallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Dhakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curzon_Hall


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O The educational system in Bangladesh isthree-tiered and highly subsidised. Thegovernment of Bangladesh operates

many schools in the primary, secondary,and higher secondary levels. It alsosubsidises parts of the funding for manyprivate schools. In the tertiary educationsector, the government also funds more

than 15 state universities throughthe University Grants Commission.

Cont..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_Grants_Commission_of_Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_Grants_Commission_of_Bangladesh


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O Primary (from grades 1 to 5), Junior Secondary (from grades 6 to

8), Secondary (from grades 9 to 10), Higher Secondary (from grades 11

to 12) and tertiary.[107]The five years of lower secondary education

concludes with a Secondary School Certificate (SSC) Examination but

since 2009 it concludes with a Primary Education Closing (PEC)

Examination. Also earlier Students who pass this examination proceed to

four years Secondary or matriculation training, which culminate in a

Secondary School Certificate (SSC) Examination but since 2010 the

Primary Education Closing (PEC) passed examinees proceed to three

years Junior Secondary, which culminate in a Junior School

Certificate (JSC) Examination. Then students who pass this examination

proceed to two years Secondary or matriculation training, which

culminate in a Secondary School Certificate (SSC) Examination.Students who pass this examination proceed to two years of Higher

Secondary or intermediate training, which culminate in a Higher

Secondary School Certificate (HSC) Examination.[Education is mainly

offered in Bengali, but English is also commonly taught and used. A large

number of Muslim families send their children to attend part-time courses

or even to pursue full-time religious education, which is imparted in

Bengali andArabic in madrasahs.

Cont..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher_Secondary_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher_Secondary_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher_Secondary_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher_Secondary_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_School_Certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh


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