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INTRODUCTION TODR. ALLAMA MUHAMMAD
IQBAL (RA)
by
MUHAMMAD ISHAQ
ID No. 3937
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Allama Iqbal: IntroductionIqbal was born in Sialkot on November 9, 1877,
in the present-day province of the Punjab in
Pakistan,. His Father name was Shaikh NurMuhammad was a prosperous tailor, well-
known for his devotion to Islam, and the family
raised their children with deep religious
grounding. His grand father Sahaj Ram Saprumoved to Sialkot after conversion to Islam.
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His Married Life Following custom, at the age of 15 Iqbal's
family arranged for him to be married to
Karim Bibi, the daughter of an affluentGujrati physician. The couple had twochildren: a daughter, Mi'raj Begam (born1895) and a son, Aftab (born 1899).
Iqbal's third son died soon after birth. Thehusband and wife were unhappy in theirmarriage and eventually divorced in1916.
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His Education Profile:
He received his early education in Scotch
Mission High School, in his home city of
Sialkot. The he got admission in Government
College in Lahore where he studied
philosophy, English literature and Arabicand obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree.
He won a gold medalfor topping his
examination in philosophy.
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In 1898 he obtained degree in Lawand in 1899 and got enrolled MA in
philosophy from Government College,Lahore
He did BA from Cambridge (1907),qualified as a barrister at LondonsMiddle Temple (1906), and earned aPhD from Munich University (1908
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Allama Iqbal: Introduction Greatest Muslim philosopher-poet of 20th century
Studied philosophy, Arabic & English Lit.
Influenced by Ibne-Khaldun, Goethe & Rumi
Wrote religious & political philosophy & poetry in
Urdu & Persian
Advocate of political & spiritual revival of Islamic
civilization
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His Poetry:
Encourages political rejuvenation and empowermentof the Ummah (global Muslim community)
Colonized by West, the Ummah suffers from inferioritycomplex, slavish mentality & learnt helplessness
Teaches spiritual direction and development of humansociety
Laments Wests loss of spiritual & religious valuesbecause of its selfish materialism & secular capitalism
Frees Ummah from shackles of sect, caste, race,gender to unite.
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His Poetry Wants to restore original dynamism of
Islams universal message of peace with
justice through reforming fossilized
theological thinking
Concept of Khudi or Self: Strong will &
healthy self-conscious; Self-realization &
self-knowledge = Independence Offers universal message of hope &
revitalization of civilization
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Few of his most Books Bang-e-Dara (1924)
Baal-i-Jaibriel (1935)
Zarb-e-Kalim (1936)
Armaghan-e-Hijaz (1938)
Asrari Khudi (1915)
Ramuze Bekhudi (1918)
Zaboore Ajam (1927)
Payam-e-Mashriq (1923)
And many more
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Pakistan Resolution: He envisagedautonomous Muslim provinces in India
"I would like to see the Punjab, North-West
Frontier Province, Sind and Baluchistanamalgamated into a single state. Self-
government within the British Empire, or
without the British Empire, the formation of a
consolidated Northwest Indian Muslim stateappears to me to be the final destiny of the
Muslims, at least of Northwest India."
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Excerpts from Poetry
(Jawab-e-Shikwa)
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Few of his verses: (Shikwa)
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