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The Logistics
Ms. Maharaj
Alliances and World War 2
World war 2 lasted 6 years (1939-1945)It was fought in Europe, North Africa, the
Atlantic and Pacific OceansGermany signs a non aggression pact secretly
with the Soviet Union (1939)They SHARE the invasion of Poland
Germany invades PolandWar is finally and officially declared on Germany2 alliance systems exist
The War: Year by Year
The Axis Countries/Alliances
The Allied Forces Alliance
Germany signs a non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union
Hitler aligns with Mussolini (same ideas)After the NAP, Hitler invades Denmark, Norway,
Luxembourg, Belgium and finally France (1940)The Axis powers are dominating, the allied powers
are worriedGermany launches mass air attacks on British
cities (Battle of Britain)Hitler breaks his NAP with the Soviet Union and
attacks major cities like Moscow (1941)Hitler only used the Soviet for his short term goals Allies launched the attack on Dieppe later that year
(August 1941) Japan then attacks Pearl Harbour in Hawaii to send a message to
the Americans to stay out of the fight! (December) It doesn’t work! The Americans join the war in 1941 after the attack
The German Strategy
War at Sea Canada goes to war in 1939 Navy (sea army) was very
important Food and military supplies
were being shipped to Europe to support troops
Germany surrounded Britain (an island) with submarines
These were called U-boats
They would advance in “wolf packs”
Why?
•War at sea in the Atlantic Ocean
•Canadian navy ships sailed in groups too called CONVOYS
•They did this to fight in groups- strength in numbers
AGAINST the Wolf Packs
The Battle of the Atlantic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gNV4IBWMfNA
Video 1 : Convoy: War in the Atlantic
In 1942 alone,
the wolf pacts
sank 1164 ships
Many ships were
sunk right on
Canadian waters:
the opening of
the St. Lawrence
River and in
waters
surrounding
Nova Scotia
War on Canadian Shores
Finally realizing the location of Nova Scotia as an asset (positive thing)- military bases were set up in Newfoundland and NS as well
1943 saw an improvement of convoy strategy and the u-boats weren’t as successful
The U-boats began to retreat, supplies began to flow towards the Allied forces in Europe
PM of Britain Winston Churchill felt that victory was near
US/Canadian Strategy
War on Land
• By June 1940, Britain was the only major power in Europe that
Germany didn’t control
•Canada and Australia (allies) had an important role to play
•The Battle of Dieppe (RAID) happened in 1942
• French coastal town of Dieppe• Goal of the attack was to TEST the Germans on their coastal
defense• Great failure for Canadians and British, many died
• Activity: I am going to show you a picture: Why did the RAID FAIL?
• Tanks of the allies couldn’t go over the rocky shore line of Dieppe
• Dieppe was very cliff like, Germans saw them coming from the sea before they could spot them hiding
Lessons LEARNT!
-Dieppe was a huge
failure, but valuable
lessons were learnt
-Locations chosen for
invasions from that
point on were done on
flat areas, where
hidden cliffs were not
used as hide outs
Video 2: The Dieppe
Massacre
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQhPjKet4II
War in the Pacific (Ocean)
Japan had been at war with its Neighbours since 1937 (China)
Japan joined the Axis alliances in 1939Canadian soldiers were quickly
sent to Hong Kong (a British Colony) so that they could defend it against Japan’s possible invasion
About 14000 troops were sent to HK in anticipation of Japanese attack
On Dec. 8th Japan attacked (1941)
17 days to capture HK290 Canadians were killed and 493
injuredMany of the soldiers were taken as
prisoners (POW= prisoners of war
1--Mapping the Alliances
2-Sorting the Alliances
Activities