Alloy Selector Guide - Engineered Products Selector Guide-inside pages... · The BEP Alloy Selector...

Alloy Selector Guide Revised 2013

BEP - Bradken Energy Products Alloy Guide 2013 Tacoma, Washington; Chehalis, Washington; London, Ontario

Page 1

Introduction The BEP Alloy Selector Guide presents ASTM Specifications in numerical order to facilitate quick reference and tentative

material selection. It is impossible to cover each specification in detail. The following pages are brief descriptions of the salient features of each specification. ASTM specifications can be purchased from ASTM.org.

BEP, Bradken Energy Products, consists of Bradken-Tacoma (formerly known as Atlas Foundry and Atlas Castings and Technology), Bradken Chehalis, and Bradken London (formerly known as AG Anderson). These facilities produce castings from a wide variation of materials, especially carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel, and nickel base alloys. The London facility also produces some cast iron grades. This guide reflects requirements of the latest ASTM Standard: Volume 01.02, Ferrous Castings; Ferroalloys. This selector also includes other alloys not included in ASTM that are cast by Bradken-Tacoma, e.g. alloys for military and offshore applications.

From engineering to the finished casting product, BEP helps to define and meet every casting requirement presented by its customers. Chehalis and London melt using induction furnaces. Tacoma melts metal using basic arc furnaces and AOD refining. Tacoma’s AOD (Argon, Oxygen, and Decarburization) refining process creates clean metal that can have exceptional properties.

Table of Contents Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

Typical Footnotes and Nomenclature ................................................................................................................................................... 3

ASTM A27 – Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application ............................................................................................................. 4

ASTM A148 – Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes ................................................................................................. 5

ASTM A216 – Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service .................................................... 6

ASTM A217 – Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service .... 7

ASTM A297 - Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application ............................. 8

ASTM A351 – Castings; Austenitic for Pressure-Containing Parts ....................................................................................................... 9

ASTM A352 - Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature Service .......... 11

ASTM A356 – Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines ....................................... 12

ASTM A389 – Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service13

ASTM A447 – Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25Cr-12Ni Class), for High-Temperature Service .................................. 13

ASTM A487 – Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service .............................................................................................................. 14


Page 2

ASTM A494 – Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy ................................................................................................................................ 16

ASTM A743 – Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application ................................. 17

ASTM A744 – Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service .................................................................. 20

ASTM A747 – Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening ...................................................................................................... 21

ASTM A757 – Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, Pressure-Containing and Other Applications, for Low-Temperature Service . 22

ASTM A890 – Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) General Application . 23

ASTM A915 – Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades .............................. 24

ASTM A958 – Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Tensile and Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades ........... 25

ASTM A990 – Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium, Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled, Pressure Retaining Parts, Corrosive Service.... 27

ASTM A995 – Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts .................................................. 28

ASTM A1001 - High Strength Castings in Heavy Sections ................................................................................................................. 29

Offshore, Military, NAVSEA, and Other Alloys, not listed under ASTM Specifications ........................................................................ 31

Metallurgical Tests ............................................................................................................................................................................. 33

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONS (NDE) .................................................................................................................................. 34

NDE TYPES ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34

NDE SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Hardness Conversions ....................................................................................................................................................................... 36

Austenitic Stainless Steel Hardness Conversions ........................................................................................................................................... 36

Duplex Stainless Steel Hardness Conversions ................................................................................................................................ 37

CA6NM - Martensitic Stainless Steel ................................................................................................................................................................. 38

Bradken Alloy Cross Reference Tables ......................................................................................................................................... 39-40

Bradken Alloy Data Sheets ........................................................................................................................................................... 41-62


Page 3

Typical Footnotes and Nomenclature a) Indicated treatments are typical, other treatments may be applied to meet specific requirements.

A = full anneal N = normalize T = temper Q = water quench C = as cast S = solution anneal PH = precipitation hardening FA = force air quench NT/QT = choice of NT or QT “~” = “approximately equal to”.

b) Values are either required range or minimum. c) Not required by ASTM, values are typical at +70˚F unless otherwise noted. d) Chemistry of Tacoma (internal) Alloy may be slightly modified from material type. The 3 and 4 digit numbers are AISI Grades.

A list of trademarks is provided. e) A “Manganese for Carbon” substitution is allowed. See specific ASTM specification Table for Chemical Requirements.


Page 4

ASTM A27 – Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application These are the most commonly used grades of cast steel for general application.

o Up to 70 ksi minimum tensile strength. o Excellent weldability and machinability.

These materials can be supplied in the following heat treated condition: o Normalized, normalized and tempered, or quench and tempered.

Chemical compositions have carbon, manganese, silicon, sulfur and phosphorous maximums.

The purchaser must specify both the grade and class desired. The grade specifies tensile and chemical requirements and the class indicates the post weld heat treatment: (See ASTM A27 paragraph 9.2)

Class 1: Casting must be post weld heat-treated and the welds to be heat-treated must be defined. Class 2: Post weld heat treatment is not required.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

Typical Hardnes

s HBW

C Mn SiApprox. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

N-1 QT or NT 150 .25(e) 0.75 0.80 1020 J02500 720, 725

N-2 QT or NT 150 .35(e) 0.60 0.80 1020 J03500 720, 725

U-60-30 No Quote As Cast

60-30 QT or NT 60 30 24 35 150 .30(e) 0.60 0.80 1020 J03000 720

65-35 QT or NT 65 35 24 35 160 .30(e) 0.70 0.80 1020 J03001 725

70-36 QT or NT 70 36 22 30 160 .35(e) 0.70 0.80 1025 J03501 725

Chemistry only

Chemistry only

ASTM A27- Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application

GradeHeat

Treatment (a)

Chemical Composition % - MaximumMechanical Property Requirements (b) Alloy Designation


Page 5

ASTM A148 – Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes This specification is the most used specification in the low alloy group throughout the industry. Heat treatment methods are the option of the manufacturer. Mechanical properties are the prime criteria for these materials. Chemical composition limits are imposed on sulfur and phosphorus only. The alloy is chosen by the foundry for best compliance to the grade

required. When the maximum thickness of the casting is >3 inches and will be Q+T, then a test block Tx3Tx3T is imposed up to a maximum of T=5

inches.

ASTM A148 - Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structional Purposes

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red. of Area (%)

Charpy V-Notch (ft•lbf/°F)

Typical Hardness

BHW

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

80-40 QT or NT 80 40 18 30 183 820*831*

80-50 QT or NT 80 50 22 35 183 820*831*

90-60 QT 90 60 20 40 212 820*831*

105-85 QT 105 85 17 35 255 820*831*

115-95 QT 115 95 14 30 269 820*831*

130-115 QT 130 115 11 25 293 820*831*

135-125 QT 135 125 9 22 311 820*831*

150-135 QT 150 135 7 18 340

160-145 QT 160 145 6 12 364

165-150 QT 165 150 5 20 387

165-150L QT 165 150 5 20 20/-40 387

210-180 QT 210 180 4 15 444

210-180L QT 210 180 4 15 15/-40 444

260-210 QT 260 210 3 6 500

260-210L QT 260 210 3 6 6/-40 500

Grade Heat

Treatment (a)

Mechanical Property Requirements (b)

*Tacoma alloy 820 is typically used for these grades forup to 4 inches in wall thickness. Atlas alloy 831

is typically used for thickness exceeding 4 inches.

These alloys are best for smaller thinner castings (<500lb). The chemistry selected for these grades is dependent on the casting configuration and size. Chemistry may be selected by the foundry or, by agreement,

may be prescribed by the purchaser. These grades are very hard, crack prone, and difficult to weld and machine. Note the low elongation values specified.

Chemical Composition % - Maximum Alloy Designation

Chemical Composition % – Range or Maximum


Page 6

ASTM A216 – Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service Carbon steel castings are typically used for fittings, pumps, valves, flanges or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service. All three grades have excellent machinability and weldability. Repairs by welding shall be made using procedures and welders qualified under ASTM A488 or in accordance with the ASME Boiler and

Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX. Supplemental requirement, S11, may be imposed for maximum carbon equivalent to control weldability. Supplementary requirement, S15, allows a water quench and temper heat treatment when specified by the user. When Charpy V-notch

impact toughness is required, water quench and temper will be invoked. Supplementary requirement, S16, is for Hydrofluoric acid service. This limits residual elements to very low levels. For this requirement

select Tacoma Alloy 711.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

Charpy V-Notch (ft-lb/ºF)

Typical Hardness

HBWC Mn Si Cr Ni Mo

Approx. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

WCA NT 60-85 30 24 35 150 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1020 J02502 720, 725

WCB NT 70-95 36 22 35 155 .30(e) 1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1025 J03002 725

WCB NT 70-95 36 22 35 155 .30(e) 1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1025 J03002 711

WCB QT per S15 70-95 36 22 35 S15 for CVN 150 .30(e) 1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1020 J03002 725, 716

WCC NT 70-95 40 22 35 150 .25(e) 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 J02503 725

WCC QT per S15 70-95 40 22 35 S15 for CVN

150 .25(e) 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 J02503 725, 717

Grade (PW)Heat

Treatment (a)

Mechanical Property Requirements (b) Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy DesignationASTM A216 - Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service


Page 7

ASTM A217 – Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service

These materials are used for turbines, compressors, valves, flanges, fittings and other pressure containing parts for relatively high temperatures and mildly corrosive media.

Heat treatment and chemical composition are rigidly prescribed. All grades are readily weldable and machinable, when proper techniques are followed. Major repair welds require a thermal stress relief or re-heat treatment. Repairs by welding shall be made using procedures and welders qualified under ASTM A488 or in accordance with the ASME Boiler and

Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

Typical Hardnes

s HBW

C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo OtherApprox. Material

Type UNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

WC1 NT 65-90 35.0 24.0 35.0 155.0 0.25 .50-.80 0.6 .35 .45-.65 J12524 802

WC4 NT 70-95 40.0 20.0 35.0 180.0 .05-.20 .50-.80 0.6 .50-.80 .70-1.1 .45-.65 J12082

WC5 NT 70-95 40.0 20.0 35.0 180.0 .05-.20 .40-.70 0.6 .50-.90 .60-1.0 .90-1.2 J22000

WC6 NT 70-95 40.0 20.0 35.0 180.0 .05-.20 .50-.80 0.6 1.0-1.5 .45-.65 1 1/4 Cr 1/2 Mo

J12072 853

WC9 NT 70-95 40.0 20.0 35.0 190.0 .05-.18 .40-.70 0.6 2-2.75 .90-1.2 2 1/4 Cr 1Mo J21890 854

WC11 NT 80-105 50.0 18.0 45.0 180.0 .15-.21 .50-.80 .30-.60 1.0-1.5 .45-.65 J11872 856

C5 NT 90-115 60.0 18.0 35.0 205.0 0.2 .40-.70 0.75 4-6.5 .45-.65 5 Cr J42045 855

C12 NT 90-115 60.0 18.0 35.0 210.0 0.2 .35-.65 1 8-10 .90-1.2 9 Cr J82090 869

C12A NT 85-110 60.0 18.0 45.0 195 - 250 0.08 - 0.12 .30-.60 .20-.50 8-9.5 0.4 .85-1.05 N .03-.07

V .18-.25 P91, F91 J84090 859

CA-15 NT 90-115 65.0 18.0 30.0 220.0 0.15 1 1.5 11.5-14.0 1 0.5 410 J91150 900

ASTM A217 - Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service

GradeHeat

Treatment (a)

Mechanical Property Requirements Min. Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy Designation


Page 8

ASTM A297 - Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application

Tacoma Alloy 936 is a heat resistant alloy that has proven to be an excellent material for die molds. 936 is a proprietary to Tacoma. (See Alloy 936 Data Sheet on page 53).

The heat resistant grades have relatively high carbon content. Bradken-London makes these grades, Tacoma does not. They are for section thicknesses less than 3 inches. Thicker sections will have a propensity to crack. All grades have either relatively high or very high chromium and/or nickel contents. Castings for heat-resistant service may be shipped in the as-cast condition without heat treatment. If heat treatment is required, it shall be established by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser and shall be so

specified in the inquiry, contract, or order.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Typical Hardness

HBWC Mn Si Cr Ni Mo

Approx. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

HF C 70 35 25 165 .20-.40 2.0 2.0 18-23 8-12 0.5 302B J92603

HH C 75 35 10 180 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 24-28 11-14 0.5 309 J93503

HI C 75 35 10 180 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 26-30 14-18 0.5 J94003

HK C 65 35 10 170 .20-.60 2.0 2.0 24-28 18-22 0.5 310 J94224

HE C 85 40 9 240 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 26-30 8-11 0.5 312 J93403

HT C 65 4 180 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 15-19 33-37 0.5 330 N08605

HU C 65 4 170 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 17-21 37-41 0.5 N08004

HW C 60 185 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 10-14 58-62 0.5 N08001

HX C 60 175 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 15-19 64-68 0.5 N06006

HC C 55 200 0.5 1.0 2.0 26-30 4.0 0.5 446 J92605

HD C 75 35 8 190 0.5 1.5 2.0 26-30 4-7 0.5 327 J93005

HL C 65 35 10 190 .20-.60 2.0 2.0 28-32 18-22 0.5 N08604

HN C 63 8 160 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 19-23 23-27 0.5 J94213

HP C 62.5 34 4.5 160 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 24-28 33-37 0.5 N08705

HG10 MNN C 76 33 20 .07 - .11 3.0 - 5.0 0.7 18.5 - 20.5 11.5 - 13.5

.25 - .45 J92604

CT15C C 63 25 20 .05 - .15 .15 - 1.5 .15 - 1.5 19 - 21 31 - 34

ASTM A297 - Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application

GradeHeat

Treatment (a)

Mechanical Property Requirements (b) Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy Designation


Page 9

ASTM A351 – Castings; Austenitic for Pressure-Containing Parts

This specification covers austenitic and austenitic-ferritic (duplex) steel castings designed for use in pumps, valves, fittings, flanges and other pressure-containing parts intended for high-temperature and/or corrosive service.

Many of the grades carry the same alloy designations as those listed under Specification ASTM A743 and A744: Corrosion Resistant Castings, and contain the same basic chemistry.

Repairs by welding shall be made using procedures and welders qualified under ASTM A488 or in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.

Grades CE20N, CF3A, CF3MA and CF8A are not recommended for service at temperatures above 800˚F [425˚C]. The duplex grades have been removed from this specification. See A995. The HK, HT, and CT 15˚C grades are normally furnished as-cast without heat treatment. All other grades are furnished in the solution-annealed condition. When austenitic steel castings are to be used in services where they will be subject to stress corrosion, the purchaser should so indicate in

his order. Such castings should be solution-heat treated following all repair welds.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Typical Hardness

HBWC Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Other

Approx. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

CF3 Q 70 30 35 150 0.03 1.5 2.0 17-21 8-12 0.5 J92500 911

CF3A Q 77 35 35 160 0.03 1.5 2.0 17-21 8-12 0.5 J92700 911

CF8 Q 70 30 35 160 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 0.5 304 J92700 910

CF8A Q 77 35 35 160 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 0.5 304 J92600 913

CF3M Q 70 30 30 190 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 316L J92800 921

CF3MA Q 80 37 30 190 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 J92800 921 mod

CF8M Q 70 30 30 180 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-12 2-3 316 J92900 920

CF3MN Q 75 37 35 160 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 N .1-.2 316LN J92804 929

CF8C Q 70 30 30 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 0.5 Cb (A) 347 J92710 916

CF10 Q 70 30 35 160 .04 - .10 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 0.5 J92950 910 mod

ASTM A351 - Castings; Austenitic for Pressure Containing Parts

GradeHeat

Treatment (a)

Alloy DesignationMechanical Property Requirements (b) Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum


Page 10

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Typical Hardness

HBWC Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Other

Approx. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

CF10M Q 70 30 30 160 .04 - .10 1.50 1.5 18-21 9-12 2-3 J92901 928

CH8 Q 65 28 30 160 0.08 1.5 1.5 22-26 12-15 0.5 J93400

CH10 Q 70 30 30 180 .04 - .10 1.5 2.0 22-26 12-15 0.5 309S J93401 930

CH20 Q 70 30 30 180 .04 - .20 1.5 2.0 22-26 12-15 0.5 309 J93402 930

CK20 Q 65 28 30 160 .04 - .20 1.5 1.8 23-27 19-22 0.5 310 J94202 940

HK30 C 65 35 10 160 .25-.35 1.5 1.75 23-27 19-22 0.5 J94203 London

HK40 C 62 35 10 160 .35-.45 1.5 1.75 23-27 19-22 0.5 J94204 London

HT30 C 65 28 15 160 .25-.35 2.0 2.5 13-17 33-37 0.5 N08030 London

CF10MC Q 70 30 20 180 0.1 1.5 1.5 15-18 13-16 1.75-2.25 Cb (B) J92971

CN7M Q 62 25 35 130 0.07 1.5 1.5 19-22 27.5-30.5 2-3 Cu 3-4 Alloy 20 N08007 948

CN3MN Q 80 38 35 190 0.03 2.0 1.0 20-22 23.5-25.5 6-7 N .18-.26 Cu .75

AL-6XN J94651 949

CE8MN Q 95 65 25 0.08 1.0 1.5 22.5-25.5 8-11 3-4.5 N .1-.3

CG8M Q 75 35 25 190 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317 J93000 914

CK3MCuN Q 80 38 35 190 0.025 1.2 1.0 19.5-20.5 17.5-19.5 6-7 N .18-.24 Cu .5-1

254SMO J93254 951

CG6MMN Q 85 42.5 30 180 0.06 4.0-6.0 1.0 20.5-23.5 11.5-13.5 1.5-3.0 Cb .1-.3 V .1-.3

Nitronic 50 J93790

CF10SMnN Q 85 42.5 30 180 0.1 7.0-9.0 3.5-4.5 16-18 8-9 N .08-.18 Nitronic 60 J92972 919

CT15C C 63 25 20 140 .05-.15 .15-1.5 .5-1.5 19-21 31-34 Cb .5-1.5 Incoloy 800 J95000

CE20N Q 80 40 30 0.2 1.5 1.5 23-26 8-11 0.5 N.08-.20 HF Modified

CG3M Q 75 35 25 190 .03 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317L J92999 914

CG8M Q 75 35 25 190 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317 J93000 914

ASTM A351 - Castings; Austenitic for Pressure Containing Parts Continued

GradeHeat

Treatment (a)



Page 11

ASTM A352 - Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature Service

These alloys are for pressure-containing or dynamically loaded parts in low temperature service where impact properties are of prime

consideration. All grades are readily weldable and machinable, using proper techniques and welding procedures. Typical applications are pumps, valves, flanges, fittings, which may be used in service temperatures to as low as minus 175˚F [-115˚C].

Repairs by welding shall be made using procedures and welders qualified under ASTM A488 or in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.

ASTM A352 - Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure Containing Parts, Suitable for Low Temperature Service

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

Charpy V-Notch (ft-b/˚F)

Typical Hardness

HBWC Mn Si Cr Ni Mo

Approx. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

LCA QT 60-85 30 24 35 13/-25 170 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1015 J02504 715

LCB QT 65-90 35 24 35 13/-50 180 .30(e) 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1015 J03003 715

LCC QT 70-95 40 22 35 15/-50 180 .25(e) 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1015 J02505 715

LC1 QT 65-90 35 24 35 13/-75 180 0.25 .50-.80 0.6 .45-.65 4010 J12522 801

LC2 QT 70-95 40 24 35 15/-100 170 0.25 .50-.80 0.6 2-3 J22500 860

LC2-1 QT 105-130 80 18 30 30/-100 250 0.22 .55-.75 0.5 1.35-1.85 2.5-3.5 .30-.60 HY-80 J42215 864

LC3 QT 70-95 40 24 35 15/-150 190 0.15 .50-.80 0.6 3-4 J31550 861

LC4 QT 70-95 40 24 35 15/-175 190 0.15 .50-.80 0.6 4-5 J41500 862

LC9 QT 85 75 20 30 20/-320 215 0.13 0.9 0.45 0.5 8.5-10.0 0.2 9 Ni Steel J31300

CA6NM NT 110-135 80 15 35 20/-100 241 - 286 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 .4-1.0 J91540 903

Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy DesignationMechanical Property Minimum or Range

Grade Heat Treat-ment (a)


Page 12

ASTM A356 – Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines

These alloys are designed for use in “heavy-wall” castings for steam turbine applications. Chemical compositions and heat treating parameters are quite restrictive. These grades may be subjected to microstructural requirements, as agreed between purchaser and manufacturer. The specification lists

minimum preheat temperatures for repair welding.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

Typical Hardness HBW

C Mn Si Cr Mo OtherApprox. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

1 NT 70 36 20 35 150 .35(e) 0.7 0.6 1023 J03502 725

2 NT 65 35 22 35 155 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 .45-.65 4017 J12523 802

5 NT 70 40 22 35 170 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 .40-.70 .40-.60 J12540 826

6 NT 70 45 22 35 180 0.2 .50-.80 0.6 1-1.5 .45-.65 1 1/4 Cr 1/2 Mo J12073 853, 851

8 NT 80 50 18 45 200 0.2 .50-.90 .20-.60 1-1.5 .90-1.2 V.05-.15 J11697 849

9 NT 85 60 15 45 200 0.2 .50-.90 .20-.60 1-1.5 .90-1.2 V.20-.35 J21610 850

10 NT 85 55 20 35 200 0.2 .50-.80 0.6 2.0-2.75 .90-1.2 2 1/4 Cr 1Mo

J22090 857, 852, 854

CA6NM NT 110 80 15 35 269 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 .40-1.0 Ni 3.5-4.5 J91540 903

ASTM A356 - Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines


Alloy DesignationChemical Composition % - Range or MaximumMechanical Property Requirements (b)


Page 13

ASTM A389 – Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service

The two grades covered by this specification represent materials that are generally suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought steel parts by fusion welding.

Typical applications include valves, flanges, fittings and other pressure-containing parts. The use of chromium, molybdenum and vanadium results in a need to preheat for welding. Repairs by welding shall be made using procedures and welders qualified under ASTM A488 or in accordance with the ASME Boiler and

Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.

ASTM A447 – Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25Cr-12Ni Class), for High-Temperature Service This specification covers “iron-base” chrome-nickel heat resistant castings used for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric

furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications in temperatures up to 2000˚F [1093˚C]. The user should inform the producer when the service temperature will exceed 1800˚F (980˚C) Type I and II vary in their magnetic permeability requirements Type I Alloys are characterized by relatively low creep stress between 1500˚F – 2000˚F (815˚C – 1095˚C) and high ductility at ambient

temperature after aging for short periods between 1300˚F -1500˚F (705˚C – 815˚C). Type II alloys have relatively high limiting creep stress, but may develop low ductility at ambient temperature when periods between 1350˚F

-1500˚F (730˚C – 815˚C). These alloys are poured at the London Ontario foundry only.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

Typical Hardnes

s BHW

C Mn Si Cr Mo VApprox. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

C23 NT 70 40 18 35 170 0.20 0.30-0.80 0.60 1.0-1.5 0.45-0.65 0.15-0.25 J12080 ~851

C24 NT 80 50 15 35 200 0.20 0.30-0.80

0.60 0.8-1.25 .9-1.2 0.15-0.25 J12092 ~ 848

ASTM A389 - Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for Pressure Containing Parts, Suitable for High Temperature Service

Grade Heat

Treatment (a)


ASTM A447 - Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service. Produced in London.

Tensile (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Typical Hardness

BHWC Mn Si Cr Ni Nitrogen

Approx. Material

TypeUNS

London Alloy

(d)

Type I C 80 9 180 .20-.45 2.5 1.75 23-28 10-14 0.2 309 J93303 London

Type II C 80 4 180 .20-.45 2.5 1.75 23-28 10-14 0.2 309 J93303 London

Mech. Prop. Req. (b) Chemical Composition % - Range or MaximumGrade (PW)

Heat Treatment

(a)

Alloy Designation


Page 14

ASTM A487 – Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

This specification covers low alloy steels and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered condition, suitable for pressure-containing parts.

The weldability of the classes in this specification varies from readily weldable to weldable only with adequate precautions. Chemical compositions are highly restrictive. Charpy impact values may become a part of the requirements when so specified in the procurement documents. Repairs by welding shall be made using procedures and welders qualified under ASTM A488 or in accordance with the ASME Boiler and

Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX. CA6NM appears as two classes: A and B.

o CA6NM Class B is designed to meet softer NACE hardness requirements (see Table 3 near the end of this document). When ordering Class B the customer should specify a 0.03% carbon maximum. This will ensure that they receive a chemistry that is able to meet the low NACE hardness.

CA6NM is preferred over CA15.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area

%

HBW Max C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo

Approx. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

A NT 140-170 110-130 10 25 25

B 90-115 65 18 30 30

C 90 60 18 35 35

D 100 75 17 35 35

CA6NM A NT 110 80 15 35 241 - 285 typical

0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 .4-1.0 903 903

CA6NM B N + Double T 100 75 17 35 255 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 .4-1.0 909 909

ASTM A487 - Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

Grade ClassHeat

Treatment (a)


CA15 0.15 1.0 1.5 11.5-14.0 0.15 - 1.0 0.50 900 900


Page 15

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

HBW Max C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Other

Approx. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

1 A NT 85-110 55 22 40 0.3 1.0 0.8 V.04-.12 J13002 1 B QT 90-115 65 22 45 0.3 1.0 0.8 V.04-.12 J13002

1 C NT or QT 90 65 22 45 235 0.3 1.0 0.8 V.04-.12 J13002 2 A NT 85-110 53 22 35 0.3 1.0-1.4 0.8 .10-.30 4023 J13003 721

2 B QT 90-115 65 22 40 0.3 1.0-1.4 0.8 .10-.30 J13003 7212 C NT or QT 90 65 22 40 235 0.3 1.0-1.4 0.8 .10-.30 J13003 721

4 A NT or QT 90-115 60 18 40 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 8384 B QT 105-130 85 17 35 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 838

4 C NT or QT 90 60 18 35 235 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 8384 D QT 100 75 17 35 235 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 838

4 E QT 115 95 15 35 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 8386 A NT 115 80 18 30 .05-.38 1.3-1.7 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .30-.40 J13855

6 B QT 120 95 12 25 .05-.38 1.3-1.7 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .30-.40 J13855 7 A QT 115 100 15 30 .05-.20 .6-1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .70-1.0 .40-.60 J12084

8 A NT 85-110 55 20 35 .05-.20 .50-.90 0.8 2.0-2.75 .90-1.1 J22091 857 mod.

8 B QT 105 85 17 30 .05-.20 .50-.90 0.8 2.0-2.75 .90-1.1 J22091 857 mod.

8 C QT 100 75 17 35 235 .05-.20 .50-.90 0.8 2.0-2.75 .90-1.1 J22091 857 mod.

9 A NT or QT 90 60 18 35 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837

9 B QT 105 85 16 35 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 8379 C NT or QT 90 60 18 35 235 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837

9 D QT 100 75 17 35 235 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837 9 E QT 115 95 15 35 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837

10 A NT 100 70 18 35 0.3 .60-1.0 0.8 .55-.90 1.4-2.0 .20-.40 4320 J23015 ~841, 833 10 B QT 125 100 15 35 0.3 .60-1.0 0.8 .55-.90 1.4-2.0 .20-.40 4320 J23015 ~841, 833

11 A NT 70-95 40 20 35 .05-.20 .50-.80 0.6 .50-.80 .70-1.1 .45-.65 J12082

11 B QT 105-130 85 17 35 .05-.20 .50-.80 0.6 .50-.80 .70-1.1 .45-.65 J12082

12 A NT 70-95 40 20 35 .05-.20 .40-.70 0.6 .50-.90 .60-1.0 .90-1.2 J12082

12 B QT 105-130 85 17 35 .05-.20 .40-.70 0.6 .50-.90 .60-1.0 .90-1.2 J12082

13 A NT 90-115 60 18 35 0.3 .80-1.1 0.6 1.4-1.75 .20-.30 834 w/o V J13060

13 B QT 105-130 85 17 35 0.3 .80-1.1 0.6 1.4-1.75 .20-.30 834 w/o V J13060

16 A NT 70-95 40 22 35 0.12 2.1 0.5 1.0-1.4 J31200

ASTM - A487 Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service - Continued

Grade ClassHeat

Treatment (a)



Page 16

ASTM A494 – Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy This specification covers nickel, nickel-copper, nickel-copper-silicon, nickel-molybdenum, nickel-chromium and nickel-molybdenum-chromium

alloy castings for corrosion-resistant service. Some grades may not be repair welded. Some grades may require a post weld heat treatment after major repair welds.

o If this is required, then specify Class 1. o If post weld heat treatment is not required, then specify Class 2, along with the grade.

London and Chehalis make most of these grades. Some grades are not available as sand castings. See table below. Tacoma makes CW6MC (Inconel 625) and M35-1 (Monel) using the AOD. Minimum heat size is 12,000 lb.

Tensile ksi

Yield ksi

Elong in 2"

%

Typical Hardness

HBWC Mn Si Cr Ni Mo NB Other

Approx. Material Type (d)

UNSTacoma

Alloy (d)

CY-40 Q 70 28 30 <200 0.4 1.5 3 14-17 balance Fe 11.0 max.

Inconel 600 N06040 523

CW-6M Q 72 40 25 <200 0.07 1 1 17-20 balance 17-20 Fe 3.0 max. Chlorimet 3 N30107 544

CW-2M Q 72 40 20 <200 0.02 1 0.8 15-17.5 balance 15-17.5 Fe 2.0 max.

Hastelloy C4C

N26455 546

CW-6MC Q 70 40 25 <200 0.06 1 1 20-23 balance 8-10 3.15-4.5 Fe 5.0 max.

Inconel 625 N26625 522

CU5MCuC Q 75 35 20 <200 0.05 1 1 19.5-23.5

38-44 2.5-3.5 Cu 1.5-3.5 Incoloy 825 N28826 507

ASTM A494 Castings, Nickel and Nickel AlloyGrade

Nickel - Molybdenum

Heat Treatment

(a)


Tensile ksi

Yield ksi

Elong in 2"

%

Typical Hardness

HBWC Mn Si Cr Ni Cu NB Other


UNS Tacoma Alloy

CZ-100 C 50 18 10 <200 1.0 1.5 2.0 95.0 min 1.25 Fe 3.0 max 210 N02100 501

M35-1 C 65 25 25 <200 0.35 1.5 1.25 balance 26-33 Fe 3.5 Max Monel QQ-N-268-A

N24135 510

M35-2 C 65 30 25 <200 0.35 1.5 2.0 balance 26-33 Fe 3.5 Max Monel 410 N24020 510

M30-H C 100 60 10 0.3 1.5 2.7-3.7 balance 26-33 Fe 3.5 Max QQ-N-288-B N24030

M25S C — — — 300 min age

0.25 1.5 3.5-4.5 balance 27-33 Fe 3.5 Max QQ-N-288-D N24025

M30C C 65 32.5 25 <200 0.3 1.5 1.0-2.0 balance 26-33 Fe 3.5 Max QQ-N-288-D NB Monel 411 N24130 512

ASTM A494 - Castings, Nickel and Nickel AlloyGrade

Nickel & Nickel Copper

Heat Treatment

(a)

Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy DesignationMechanical Property Requirements (b)


Page 17

ASTM A743 – Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application

This specification covers stainless steel castings suitable for a broad range of applications intended for a wide variety of corrosive environments.

When the application requires stainless steel for severe corrosion resistant service, reference should be made to specification A744. The proper balance of chemical composition is very important to the performance of these alloys. Cast austenitic stainless steel is weldable

because it contains at least 5% ferrite. It is recommended that the producer be fully aware of the intended use of the material so that he may verify the suitability of the alloy

specified, e.g. saltwater applications are best addressed with duplex stainless steel instead of austenitic stainless steel. It is important that the producer be aware of the weldability requirements for these materials, as well as those cases in severe corrosive

environments. Both CA15 and CA6NM are martensitic alloys, however CA6NM has superior castability, weldability, toughness, and resistance to cracking

and cavitation than the CA15 grade. Tacoma prefers CA6NM over CA15. Castings made from CA6NM have found widespread use in many pumping applications. In general, most of these alloys have welding characteristics ranging from “fair” to “excellent.” The use of carefully engineered welding procedures, proper electrodes, and qualified welding operators is very important to the successful

function of the welded parts. In particular, this is true where corrosive media are concerned, since stress corrosion or porosity caused by improper welds can lead to

accelerated corrosion attack. There are supplementary requirements that may be specified when desired by the purchaser including:

Unavailable grades from ASTM A494 Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy - Not Available

Tensile ksi

Yield ksi

Elong in 2"

%C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo W V Other


UNS Tacoma Alloy (d)

CX2MW Q 80 45 30 0.02 1.0 0.8 20-22.5 balance 12.5-14.5 2.5-3.5 Fe 2-6 Hastelloy C-22

N26022 Not available Due to high W content

CW-12MW Q 72 40 4 0.12 1.0 1.0 15.5-17.5

balance 16-18 3.75-5.25 .2-.4 Fe 4.5-7.5 Hastelloy C N30002 Not Available due to high W & V content

CY5SnBiM C — — — 0.05 1.5 0.5 11-14 balance 2-3.5 Fe 2.0 max. Bi 3-

N26055 Not Available due to high Bi & Sn content

N-12MV Q 76 40 6 0.12 1.0 1.0 1.0 balance 26-30 .2-.6 Fe 4-6 Hastelloy B N30012 Not Available in thicknesses over 3"

N-7M Q 76 40 20 0.07 1.0 1.0 1.0 balance 30-33 Fe 3.0 max. Chlorimet 2 N30007 Not Available in

thicknesses over 3"

Grade

Chemical Composition % - Range or MaximumMechanical Property Requirements (b) Alloy DesignationHeat Treatment

(a)


Page 18

o Corrosion and hardness tests – Supplements S11, S14 o Nondestructive examination – Supplements S1, S2, S3, S4 o Low Ferrite in CF8 – Supplement S15 o Tension Test – Supplement S12 o Approval of Major Weld Repair, PWHT of Majors – Supplements S11, S13

ASTM A743 - Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area

%

Typical Hardnes

s HBW


TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

CF8 Q 70(A) 30(A) 35 -- 160 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 304 J92600 910

CG12 Q 70 28 35 -- 180 0.12 1.5 2.0 20-23 10-13 J93001

CF20 Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.2 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 J92602

CF8M Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 2-3 316 J92900 920

CF8C Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 (B) 347 J92710 916

CF16F Q 70 30 25 -- 180 0.16 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 1.5 Se .2-.35 J92701

CF16Fa Q 70 30 25 -- -- 0.16 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 .4-.8 S .2-.4 --

CH10 Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.1 1.5 2.0 22-26 12-15 309L J93401 930

CH20 Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.2 1.5 2.0 22-26 12-15 309 J93402 Hi C 930

CK20 Q 65 28 30 -- 160 0.2 2 2.0 23-27 19-22 310 J94202 940

CE30 Q/FA 80 40 10 -- 240 0.3 1.5 2.0 26-30 8-11 J93423 932

CA15 NT 90 65 18 30 241 Max 0.15 1.0 1.5 11.5-14 1.0 0.5 410 J91150 900

CA15M NT 90 65 18 30 241 Max 0.15 1.0 0.65 11.5-14 1.0 .15-1.0 J91151 902

CB30 NT 65 30 -- -- 241 Max 0.3 1.0 1.5 18-21 2.0 431 J91803

CC50 NT 55 -- -- -- 241 Max 0.5 1.0 1.5 26-30 4.0 446 J92615

CA40 NT 100 70 15 25 240 .20-.40 1.0 1.5 11.5-14 1.0 0.5 420 J91153 901

CA40F NT 100 70 12 -- -- .20-.40 1.0 1.5 11.5-14.0 1.0 0.5 S .2-.4 420F J91154

CF3 Q 70 30 35 -- 150 0.03 1.5 2.0 17-21 8-12 304L J92500 911

CF10SMnN Q 85 42 30 -- -- 0.1 7.0-9.0 3.5-4.5 16-18 8-9 N .08-.18 Nitronic 60 J92972 919

(A) = Grade CF8: for low ferrite or nonmagnetic castings: tensile strength minimum is 65 ksi and yield point minimum is 28 ksi.(B) = Grade CF8C shall have a columbium content of not less than eight times the carbon content and not more than 1.0%.If a columbium-plus-tantalum alloy in the approximate Cb: Ta ratio of 3:1 is used for stabilizing this grade, the total Cb-plus-Ta content shall not be less than nine timesthe carbon content and not exceed 1.1%.

Alloy DesignationHeat

Treatment (a)

Mechanical Property Requirements (b)

Grade

Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum


Page 19

ASTM A743 - Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application - Continued

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

Typical Hardnes

s HBW


TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

CG3M Q 75 35 25 -- 200 0.03 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317L J92999 914

CG8M Q 75 35 25 -- 200 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317 J93000 923

CN3M Q 63 25 30 -- -- 0.03 2.0 1.0 20-22 23-27 4.5-5.5 IN-862 J94652 947

CN3MN Q 80 38 35 -- -- 0.03 2.0 1.0 20-22 23.5-25.5 6-7 N.18-.26 S.01 Cu.75 AL-6XN J94651 949

CN7M Q 62 25 35 -- 130 0.07 1.5 1.5 19-22 27.5-30.5 2-3 Cu 3-4 Alloy 20 N08007 948

CN7MS Q 70 30 35 -- 150 0.07 1.0 2.5-3.5 18-20 22-25 2.5-3 Cu 1.5-2 Worthite J94650

CA6NM NT 110 80 15 35 260 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14 3.5-4.5 .40-1 13-4 J91540 903

CA6N NT 140 135 15 50 300 0.06 0.5 1.0 10.5-12.5 6-8 IN-833 J91650

CA28MWV NT 140 110 10 24 -- 20-.28 .50-1.0 1.0 11.0-12.5 .50-1.0 .90-1.25 W .9-1.25 V .2-.3 422 J91422

CK3MCuN Q 80 38 35 -- -- 0.025 1.2 1.0 19.5-20.5 17.5-19.5 6-7 Cu .5-1.0 N .18-.24 S .01 254SMO J93254 951

CK35MN Q 83 41 35 -- -- 0.035 2.0 1.0 22-22 6-8 N .21-.32 Cu .40

CB6 FA & T 115 85 16 35 -- 0.06 1.0 1.0 15.5-17.5 3.5-5.5 .50 Virgo 38 J91804

CF3M Q 70 30 30 -- 190 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 316L J92800 921

CF3MN Q 75 37 35 -- -- 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-22 9-13 2-3 N .10-.20 316LN J92804 929

CG6MMN Q 85 42 30 -- -- 0.06 4.0-6.0 1.0 20.5-23.5 11.5-13.5 1.5-3.0 Cb .1-.3 V .1-.3 N .2-.4 Nitronic 50 J93790 917

Grade

Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy DesignationMechanical Property Requirements (b)Heat

Treatment (a)


Page 20

ASTM A744 – Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service This specification covers stainless steel alloys that are intended for particularly demanding applications in more severe corrosion

environments that may be intended for A743 grades. Post weld heat treatments are of prime importance to ensure the best corrosion resistant condition for severe service. There are supplementary requirements that may be specified when desired by the purchaser including:

o NDT – Supplement S2, S3 o Corrosion – Supplement S21 o Tension Test – Supplement S22 o Surface Carbone Analysis – Supplement S23

(A) = Grade CF8: for low ferrite or nonmagnetic castings: tensile strength minimum is 65 ksi and yield point minimum is 28 ksi.

(B) = Grade CF8C shall have a columbium content of not less than eight times the carbon content and not more than 1.0%.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Typical Hardness

BHWC Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Other

Approx. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

CF8 Q 70(A) 30(A) 35 160 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 304 J92600 910

CF8M Q 70 30 30 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 2-3 316 J92900 920

CF8C Q 70 30 30 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 (B) 347 J92710 916

CF3 Q 70 30 35 150 0.03 1.5 2.0 17-21 8-12 304L J92500 911

CF3M Q 70 30 30 190 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 316L J92800 921

CG3M Q 75 35 25 200 0.03 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317L J92999 914

CG8M Q 75 35 25 200 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317 J93000 923

CN7M Q 62 25 35 130 0.07 1.5 1.5 19-22 27.5-30.5 2-3 Cu 3-4 Alloy 20 N08007 948

CN7MS Q 70 30 35 140 0.07 1.0 2.5-3.5 18-20 22-25 2.5-3 Cu 1.5-2 Worthite J94650

CN3MN Q 80 38 35 130 0.03 2.0 1.0 20-22 23.5-25.5 6-7 N.18-.26 AL-6XN J94651 949

CK3MCuN Q 80 38 35 130 0.025 1.2 1.0 19.5-20.5 17.5-19.5 6-7 Cu .5-1.0 N .18 -.24 254SMO J93254 951

CN3MCu Q 62 25 35 130 0.03 1.5 1.0 19 - 22 27.5 - 30.5 Cu 3 - 3.5 J80020

ASTM A744 - Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Residant for Severe Service

GradeHeat

Treatment (a)

Alloy DesignationChemical Composition % - Range or MaximumMechanical Property Requirements (b)


Page 21

ASTM A747 – Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening Castings made under this specification are similar to the wrought precipitation hardening grades 15-5 PH and 17-4 PH. These castings may be used in services requiring corrosion resistance and high strengths at temperatures up to 600˚F, [315˚C]. They may be machined in the solution-annealed condition and subsequently precipitation hardened to the desired high-strength mechanical

properties, which depend upon the precipitation temperature used. This material is not intended for use in the solution-annealed condition. Time and temperature during heat treatment is very specific, along with the heat treatment condition of the casting prior to and after welding. When ordering this material, both the alloy type and precipitation hardening heat treatment condition must be specified on the purchase

order.

(A)=Nitrogen content to be determined and reported when specified by the order or contract at 0.05% maximum.

Tensile ksi

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2"

%

Typical Hardness

BHNC Mn Si Cr Ni Cu N Other


UNSTacoma

Alloy (d)

CB7Cu-1 H900

S 170 145 5 375 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 954

CB7Cu-1 H925 S 175 150 5 375 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955


CB7Cu-1 H1075

S 145 115 9 277 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955



CB7Cu-1 H1150M S 310 Max 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955

CB7Cu-1 H1150DBL

S 310 Max 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955

CB7Cu-2 H900

S 170 145 5 375 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110


CB7Cu-2 H1025

S 150 140 9 311 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.- 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952

CB7Cu-2 H1075

S 145 115 9 277 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952



CB7Cu-2 H1150M

S 310 Max 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952

CB7Cu-2 H1150DBL S 310 Max 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952

ASTM A747-Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening

Grade Condition

Heat Treatment

(a)



Page 22

ASTM A757 – Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing and Other Applications, for Low-Temperature Service

This specification covers carbon and alloy steel castings for pressure containing and other applications intended primarily for petroleum and gas pipelines in areas subject to low-ambient temperatures.

Castings shall be heat treated by normalizing and tempering or liquid quenching and tempering. Hardenability of some grades may limit usable section size. All classes are weldable under proper conditions.

Charpy V-notch tests are required at temperatures ranging from -50˚F to -175˚F [-46˚C to -115˚C], depending on the grade chosen. Impact properties are required on both the heat-affected zone of the base metal and the weld metal of the welding procedure qualification test.

Test bar size varies, dependent upon customer requirements and casting section thickness. Repairs by welding shall be made using procedures and welders qualified under ASTM A488 or in accordance with the ASME Boiler and

Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX. Typical grades are A1Q and E3N, which are similar to ASTM A352 grade LCB and ASTM A743 grade CA6NM, respectively.

.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

Charpy V-Notch (ft•lbf/°F)

Typical Hardness

HBWC Mn Si Cr Ni Mo

Approx. Material

Type UNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

A1Q QT 65 35 24 35 13/-50 180 0.3 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.25 1015 J03002 715

A2Q QT 70 40 22 35 15/-50 180 .25(e) 1.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.25 1015 J02503 715

B2N, B2Q NT/QT 70 40 24 35 15/-100 180 0.25 .50-.80 0.6 0.4 2.0-3.0 0.25 LC2 J22501 860

B3N,B3Q NT/QT 70 40 24 35 15/-150 180 0.15 .50-.80 0.6 0.4 3.0-4.0 0.25 LC3 J31500 861

B4N, B4Q NT/QT 70 40 24 35 15/-175 180 0.15 .50-.80 0.6 0.4 4.0-5.0 0.25 LC4 J41501 862

C1Q QT 75 55 22 35 15/-50 190 0.25 1.2 0.6 0.4 1.5-2.0 .15-.30 4620 J12582 840

D1N1, D1Q1 NT/QT 85-115 55 20 35 (A) 220 0.2 .40-.80 0.6 2.0-2.75 0.5 .90-1.20 WC9 J22092 854

D1N2, D1Q2 NT/QT 95-125 75 18 35 (A) 230 0.2 .40-.80 0.6 2.0-2.75 0.5 .90-1.20 WC9 J22092 854

D1N3, D1Q3 NT/QT 105-135 85 15 30 (A) 240 0.2 .40-.80 0.6 2.0-2.75 0.5 .90-1.20 WC9 J22092 854

E1Q QT 90 65 22 40 30/-100 220 0.22 .50-.80 0.6 1.35-1.85 2.5-3.5 .35-.60 HY-65 J42220 864

E2N1 E2Q1 NT/QT 90-120 70 18 35 30/-100 230 0.2 .40-.70 0.6 1.5-2.0 2.75-3.90 .40-.60 HY-70 J42065 864

E2N2, E2Q2 NT/QT 105-135 85 15 30 20/-100 250 0.2 .40-.70 0.6 1.5-2.0 2.75-3.90 .40-.60 HY-80 J42065 864

E2N3, E2Q3 NT/QT 115-145 100 13 30 15/-100 270 0.2 .40-.70 0.6 1.5-2.0 2.75-3.90 .40-.60 HY-100 J42065 865

E3N NT 110 80 15 35 20/-100 255 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 .40-1.00 CA6NM J91550 903

ASTM A757- Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing and Other Low Temperature Service Applications

Grade Heat

Treatment (a)

Chemical Composition % - Range or Max. Alloy DesignationMechanical Property Requirements (b)


Page 23

ASTM A890 – Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application

The duplex stainless steel alloys offer a combination of enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when properly balanced in composition and properly heat-treated.

Ferrite levels are not specified. o Typical ferrite content is 35 to 65 percent with the balance austenite.

The composition of the deposited weld metal for repair welding may be similar to that of the casting or may be suitably alloyed to achieve the desired corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

Nitrogen enhances resistance to corrosion, weldability, strength, castability, and processing. Nitrogen is required in all of the grades. Grade 1B, CD4MCuN, has a nitrogen content of 0.10 - 0.25%. The old 1A had no nitrogen range. 1A and CD4MCu were deleted from this

specification because duplex stainless steel requires nitrogen. 1C, 5A and 6A also impose chemistry restrictions, which include elements that enhance corrosion resistance. Grades with a PREN value of 40 or greater fall under the category of “Super Duplex” stainless steel. PREN stands for pitting resistance

number. The number is debatably an indicator of pitting resistance. Such controversy has prompted ASTM to indicate it is an equation without mention of pitting resistance. PREN = %Cr + 3.3% Mo + 16%N > 40.

Tensile ksi

Yield ksi

Elong in 2"

%

PRE (P) Typical/

MinimumC Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Cu Nitrogen Other


UNSTacoma

Alloy (d)

1B Q 100 70 16 34.9 0.04 1.0 1.0 24.5-26.5 4.7-6.0 1.7-2.3 2.7-3.3 10-.25 P, S

CD4MCuN 1.4517 (W) J93372 957

1C Q 100 65 25 >40.0 0.03 1.2 1.1 24.0-26.7 5.6-6.7 2.9-3.8 1.4-1.9 .22-.33 P, S CD3MCuN J93373 967

2A Q 95 65 25 39.6 0.08 1.0 1.5 22.5-25.5 8.0-11.0 3.0-4.5 .10-.30 P, S CE8MN J93345

3A Q 95 65 25 35.7 0.06 1.0 1.0 24.0-27.0 4.0-6.0 1.75-2.5 .15-.25 P, S CD6MN J93371 963

4A Q 90 60 25 35.4 0.03 1.5 1.0 21.0-23.5 4.5-6.5 2.5-3.5 1.0 .10-.30 P, S

CD3MN 1.4462 (W) J92205 959

5A Q 100 75 18 >40.0 0.03 1.5 1.0 24.0-26.0 6.0-8.0 4.0-5.0 .10-.30 P, S

CE3MN 1.4469 (W) J93404 958

6A Q 100 65 25 >40.0 0.03 1.0 1.0 24.0-26.0 6.5-8.5 3.0-4.0 0.5-1.0 .20-.30

P, S W 0.50-1.0 CD3MW CuN J93380 962

ASTM A890 - Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application

Grade Heat

Treatment (a)

Chemical Composition % - Range or MaximumMechanical Property Req. (b) Alloy Designation


Page 24

ASTM A915 – Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades

This specification covers carbon and low alloy steel castings having chemical analyses similar to that of the AISI standard wrought grades. The chemistry varies slightly from the wrought AISI limits to accommodate the casting process without detriment to the material properties. This specification only shows chemical requirements. The purchaser must specify the choice of heat treatment or hardness range or mechanical properties if required.

o A list of supplementary requirements is included in the specification to assist the purchaser. o Use A958 if mechanical properties are required for the same grades that are listed in A915.

(A) = If mechanical properties are required, use ASTM A958.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%) C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo

Approx. Material Type (d) UNS

Tacoma Alloy

SC 1020 AN NT/QT .18-.23 .40-.80 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1020 J02003 720 (B)

SC 1025 AN NT/QT .22-.28 .40-.80 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1025 J02508 725 (B)

SC 1030 AN NT/QT .28-.34 .50-.90 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1030 J03012 730

SC 1040 AN NT/QT .37-.44 .50-.90 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1040 J04003 740

SC 1045 AN NT/QT .43-.50 .50-.90 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1045 J04502 745

SC 4130 AN NT/QT .28-.33 .40-.80 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .80-1.1 .15-.25 4130 J13502 821

SC 4140 AN NT/QT .38-.43 .70-1.1 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .80-1.1 .15-.25 4140 J14045 827

SC 4330 AN NT/QT .28-.33 .60-.90 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 1.65-2.0 .70-.90 .20-.30 4330 J23259

SC 4340 AN NT/QT .38-.43 .60-.90 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 1.65-2.0 .70-.90 .20-.30 4340 J24053

SC 8620 AN NT/QT .18-.23 .60-1.0 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .40-.70 .40-.60 .15-.25 8620 J12095 839

SC 8625 AN NT/QT .23-.28 .60-1.0 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .40-.70 .40-.60 .15-.25 8625 J12595 831 (B)

SC 8630 AN NT/QT .28-.33 .60-1.0 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .40-.70 .40-.60 .15-.25 8630 J13095 829

ASTM A915-93 Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirments Similar to Standard Wrought Grades. (A)

Grade Heat

Treatment (a)

Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy DesignationMechanical Property Requirements (b)


Page 25

ASTM A958 – Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades

This specification covers carbon and low alloy steel castings having chemical analyses similar to that of the A151 standard wrought grades. The wrought grade would have lower silicon content.

When selecting the material, it is necessary to select both a grade and class of steel. o The grade designates the chemical composition o The class designates the tensile requirements.

Included in the specification, is a table showing tensile requirements/grade suitability to assist the user in selection of a grade that will be suitable to achieve the desired tensile properties.

ASTM A958 - Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirments, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Red of Area (%)

C Mn P S Si Ni Cr MoApprox. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

SC 1020 0.18-0.23 0.40-0.80

0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1020 J02003 720

SC1025 0.22-0.28 0.40-0.80

0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1025 J02508 725

SC1030 0.28-0.34 0.50-0.90

0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1030 J03012 730

SC 1040 0.37-0.44 0.50-0.90 0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1040 J04003 740

SC 1045 0.43-0.50 0.50-0.90

0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1045 J04502 745

SC 4130 0.28-0.33 0.40-0.80 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 — 0.80-1.10 0.15-0.25 4130 J13502 821

SC 4140 0.38-0.43 0.70-1.10

0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 — 0.80-1.10 0.15-0.25 4140 J14045 827

SC 4330 0.28-0.33 0.60-0.90

0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 1.65-2.00 0.70-0.90 0.20-0.30 4330 J23259

SC 4340 0.38-0.43 0.60-0.90 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 1.65-2.00 0.70-0.90 0.20-0.30 4340 J24053

SC 8620 0.18-0.23 0.60-1.00 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 0.40-0.70 0.40-0.60 0.15-0.25 8620 J12095 839

SC 8625 0.23-0.28 0.60-1.00

0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 0.40-0.70 0.40-0.60 0.15-0.25 8625 J12595 831

SC 8630 0.28-0.33 0.60-1.00 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 0.40-0.70 0.40-0.60 0.15-0.25 8630 J13095 829

Grade

Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy DesignationMechanical Property Requirements (b)Heat Treatment

(a)


Page 26

A958 Class / Strength

Guidelines for Grade and Class

“B” Denotes that the properties may be achieved by at least one of the heat treatments referenced in Section 5 of A958.

“C” These grades significantly exceed the minimum strength levels;

Class 65/35 70/36 80/40 80/50 90/60 105/85 115/95 130/115 135/125 150/135 160/145 165/150 210/180 Tensile min. (ksi) 65 70 80 80 90 105 115 130 135 150 160 165 210

Yield min. (ksi) 35 36 40 50 60 85 95 115 125 135 145 150 180

El in 2in. min, (%) 24 22 18 22 18 17 14 11 9 7 6 5 4

Reduction of area, min, (%) 35 30 30 35 35 35 30 25 22 18 12 10 8

A958 Tensile Requirements

65/35 70/36 80/40 80/50 90/60 105/85 115/95 130/115 135/125 150/135 160/145 165/150 210/180 �SC 1020 B B SC 1025 B B SC 1030 B B B B SC 1040 B, C B B B B SC 1045 B, C B, C B B B B B SC 4130 B, C B, C B B B B B B B B SC 4140 B, C B, C B, C B, C B B B B B B B B SC 4330 B, C B, C B, C B, C B B B B B B B B B SC 4340 B, C B, C B, C B, C B, C B B B B B B B B SC 8620 B, C B, C B B B B B SC 8625 B, C B, C B B B B B B B SC 8630 B, C B, C B B B B B B B B

A958 Tensile Requirements/Grade Suitability

Grade Class


Page 27

ASTM A990 – Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service

This specification covers iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloy castings specially processed with the following requirements: o Restricted melt practices. o Weldability testing of specially cast test coupon (per heat). o Nondestructive examination (NDE).

These alloy grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service in corrosive environments. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished.

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Fe Max Cu OtherApprox. Material

TypeUNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

CW2M Q 72 40 20 0.020 1.0 0.8 15.0-17.5

balance 15.0-17.5 2.0 W 1.0 N30107 546

CN3MCu Q 62 25 35 0.03 1.5 1.0 19.0-22.0

27.5-30.5

2.0-3.0 balance 3.0-3.5

CK3MCuN Q 80 38 35 0.025 1.2 1.0 19.5-20.5

17.5-19.5 6-7 balance .5-1.0 J93254

254SMO 951

M35-1 C 65 25 25 0.35 1.5 1.25 balance 3.5 26 - 33 Monel 510

CW2MC Q 70 40 25 0.060 1.0 1.0 20-23 balance 8-10 Fe 5.0 max.

V 0.2 Inconel 625, N26625

522

N2M Q 76 40 20 0.02 1.0 0.8 1.0 balance 30-33 3.0 0.2 W 0.2 V 0.2

Not Available

ASTM A990 - Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service


Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy DesignationMechanical Property Req. (b)


Page 28

ASTM A995 – Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. These offer a combination of enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when properly balanced in composition and properly

heat-treated. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished.

PREN = Pitting Resistance Equivalent = %Cr + 3.3 x %Mo + 16 x %N - (W) = Werkstoff Number of Federal Republic of Germany

Tensile (ksi)

Yield (ksi)

Elong in 2" (%)

Typical Min C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Cu W NitrogenApprox. Material

Type UNS

Tacoma Alloy

(d)

1B Q 100 70 16 34.9 -- 0.04 1.0 1.0 24.5-26.5

4.7-6.0 1.7-2.3 2.7-3.3 .10-.25 CD4MCuN 1.4517 J93372 957

2A Q 95 65 25 39.6 -- 0.08 1.0 1.5 22.5-25.5

8.0-11.0 3.0-4.5 .10-.30 CE8MN J93345

3A Q 95 65 25 35.7 -- 0.06 1.0 1.0 24.0-27.0 4.0-6.0 1.75-2.5 .15-.25 CD6MN J93371 963

4A Q 90 60 25 35.4 -- 0.03 1.5 1.0 21.0-23.5

4.5-6.5 2.5-3.5 1.0 .10-.30 CD3MN 1.4462 J92205 959

5A Q 100 75 18 43.1 40 0.03 1.5 1.0 24.0-26.0

6.0-8.0 4.0-5.0 .10-.30 CE3MN 1.4469 J93404 958

6A Q 100 65 25 40.6 40 0.03 1.0 1.0 24.0-26.0

6.5-8.5 3.0-4.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 .20-.30 CD3MWCuN J93380 962

ASTM A995 - Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts


Mechanical Property Req. (b) PREN Alloy DesignationChemical Composition % - Range or Maximum


Page 29

ASTM A1001 - High Strength Castings in Heavy Sections This specification covers cast alloy steels in:

o Normalized and tempered or quenched condition. o Section sizes through 37 inches (940 mm).

This specification is primarily used for very large hook castings. o This specification is suitable for high strain gradient conditions such as those encountered in hooks, shackles, support frames, and

other lifting devices. Section range and class selection will depend on design and service conditions. Users should note that this specification contemplates mechanical property gradients.

o Specification also includes Nitrogen and Oxygen limits.

inf = information only

Zr Cu Ti W V B

I

II .20-.28 1.0-1.4 0.02 0.015 .30-.60 1.0-1.3 .80-1.2 .60-.85 0.03 (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf)

II .20-.28 1.0-1.4 0.03 0.025 .30-.60 1.0-1.3 .80-1.2 .60-.85 0.07 (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf)

Use of other chemisty is permitted procided mechanical properties and chemical tolerances are met.

ASTM A1001 - Chemical Grade Composition (maximum % unless range is shown)

Grade C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Al Residual elements reported for information only. Total: 60%


Page 30

(TB) = Test block requirements are special (large!) for this specification – read specification carefully. 4d = Gauge length of the tensile test specimen equal to four times its diameter.

ASTM A1001 - High Strength Steel Castings in Heavy Sections

T/8 3T/8 T/8 3T/8 T/8 3T/8 T/8 3T/8 T/8 3T/8 Nitrogen (ppm)

Oxygen (ppm)

Report Hydrogen (ppm) info.

1 A I, II 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 110 100

1 B I 105 95 85 76 15 11 30 22 25 15 110 100

1 C I 90 80 70 63 17 13 34 26 25 15 110 100

2 A I 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 110 100

2 B I 105 95 85 76 16 12 32 24 25 15 110 100

2 C I 90 80 70 63 18 14 36 28 25 15 110 100

3 A I, II 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 100 90

3 B I 105 95 85 76 17 13 34 26 25 15 100 90

3 C I 90 80 70 63 19 16 38 32 25 15 100 90

4 A I, II 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 100 90 x

4 B I 105 95 85 76 19 16 38 32 25 15 100 90 x

4 C I 90 80 70 63 21 18 42 36 25 15 100 90 x

5 A I, II 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 90 80 x

5 B I 105 95 85 76 19 16 38 32 25 15 90 80 x

5 C I 90 80 70 63 21 18 42 36 25 15 90 80 x

6 A I 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 80 70 x

6 B I 105 95 85 76 19 16 38 32 25 15 80 70 x

6 C I 90 80 70 63 21 18 42 36 25 15 80 70 x

7 A I 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 70 60 x

7 B I 105 95 85 76 19 16 38 32 25 15 70 60 x

7 C I 90 80 70 63 21 18 42 36 25 15 70 60 x

Section Range Class Chemisty

Grade

Required Mechanical Properties (b) (TB) Gas ContentTensile (ksi) Yield (ksi) Elong 2 in. or 4d (%) Red. Of Area (%) Charpy V, (ft-lb) Maximum


Page 31

Offshore, Military, NAVSEA, and Other Alloys, not listed under ASTM Specifications Tacoma, Chehalis and London produce other alloys that are not listed under ASTM specifications which include:

o Low and medium plain carbon steels. o High hardness and high strength low alloy steels. o Specialty stainless steels. o Nickel base alloys.

Depending on the properties desired for the stainless steels, these may include: o Low ferrite and low magnetic permeability. o Non-magnetic materials. o Low carbon for improved weldability. o Increased yield strength. o Good resistance to carburization and corrosion. o High temperature applications.

Our metallurgical staff is constantly working with new alloys to meet the demands of industry. Although you may not find a particular grade in this selector, we urge you to contact a representative who can help with the grade desired.


Page 32

Cu C Mn Si Mo Cr Ni Cb+Ta Fe W Co

Inconel 600 • MIL-N-24271, resistant to corrosion and heat. — .12 1.0 1.5 — 14-17 balance 2.0 6-10 — .10 520

Hastelloy G • Excellent resistance to hot sulfuric and phosphoric acids 1.5-2.5 .05 1.0-2.0 1.0 5.5-7.5 21-23.5 balance 1.75-2.5 18-21 1.0 2.5 521

Hastelloy X • High temperature service. .10 1.0 1.0 8-10 20.5-23 balance — 17-20 .2-1.0 .5-2.5 549

Invar 36 • Low thermal expansion material .05 .60 .40 — .25 35-37 — balance — .50 508

Invar 42 • Low thermal expansion material .05 .80 .30 — .10 41-43 — balance — .50 509

Other NICKEL BASE ALLOYS also produced by Tacoma. MATERIAL TYPE • Tacoma alloy may be slightly varied from the

wrought material listed below

Chemical Composition % – Range or Maximum Tacoma Alloy

(d)


Page 33

Metallurgical Tests Bradken-Tacoma, Chehalis and London (Ontario) perform various metallurgical tests for checking attributes of cast materials.

• Optical Emission Spectrometer for Iron (gray and ductile), Ni resist, High Chromium Iron, low carbon steel, alloy steel, Stainless steel, and nickel based analysis

• LECO combustion analysis of Carbon and Sulfur • LECO combustion analysis of Nitrogen, and Oxygen • Tension Test

o ASTM E8 / E8M Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials • Charpy Impact Testing per

o ASTM E23 Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials • Corrosion Tests;

o ASTM A923, A262, G48 • Ferrite Content;

o ASTM A800, A799, ferrite scope, and E562 (Point count) • Hardness Tests

o E110 (portable hardness testing), E10 (Brinell) • Magnetic Permeability

o Severn gauge • Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature (NDTT)

o ASTM E208 Standard Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic Steels

• Metallographic Examinations o ASTM E407 Standard Practice for Micro etching Metals and Alloys

• Bend Tests per o ASTM A703, A262 practice E, and for weld test qualifications


Page 34

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONS (NDE) Bradken Energy Products has developed a well-equipped on-site NDE Department staffed with fully qualified NDE specialists to perform virtually any examination or test required of a casting. Although the customer determines the type of NDE performed on castings, BEP engineering and technical personnel are available to help in making a decision on the type of NDE suitable for the casting in question. Tacoma is ASNT Qualified and maintains a ASNT Level III on staff. The following brief descriptions of NDE conducted by BEP Tacoma, Chehalis, or London provide general information on techniques used at BEP foundries. More detailed information is available by contacting a BEP Sales Representative.

NDE TYPES Magnetic Particle Examination

Magnetic particle examination is performed on ferromagnetic materials with calibrated equipment according to ASME Section III, V and VIII, ASTM E-709 and MIL STD 271, using both the “dry” and “wet” methods.

Liquid Penetrant Examination

Certified liquid penetrant materials are applied to nonmagnetic castings, which have been surface conditioned to aid the examination. Carefully controlled water temperature and pressure, casting temperature and dwell time help ensure compliance with such specifications as ASME Section III, V and VIII, ASTM E-165, NAVSEA 250-1500-1, MIL STD 2132A(SH), MIL STD 271. Tacoma prefers the water soluble method.

Radiographic Examination

Radiography, using Iridium 192, Cobalt 60 and an 8 MeV Linear Accelerator, is carried out following ASTM specifications E94, E142, ASME Section III, V and VIII, NAVSEA 250-1500-1, MIL STD 2132A(SH) and MIL STD 271. Film is processed in automatic processing equipment, densities verified using calibrated densitometers and then viewed using high intensity viewers. ASTM E71, E186, E192, E272, E280 and E446 reference radiographs are available for film interpretation purposes.

Ultrasonic Examination

Examinations are performed to detailed procedures written in accordance with ASTM A609 and ASME Section III, V and MIL STD 271. Ultrasonic equipment is calibrated in strict accordance with ASTM E317 and MIL STD 271.


Page 35

NDE SPECIFICATIONS The table below summarizes the most commonly used specifications for non-destructive examination.

o This is, however, only a small fraction of the total number of specifications that have been developed for the nondestructive examination of various types of metal products.

It is incumbent on the foundry to have adequate knowledge of these many specifications, as well as to have the necessary equipment and properly trained personnel to perform the tests.

It is equally incumbent on the manufacturer to properly communicate his requirements and to neither over-specify nor under-specify such requirements as they may apply to a particular part.

Quality Level Technique Quality Level Technique Quality Level Technique Quality Level Technique American Society for

Testing Materials (ASTM)

Individual Specs

A488 E446 (to 2") E186 (2-4j") E280 (4j"+)

E94, E1025 and E1030

E125 A903

E709 E125 A903

E165 A609 A609

American Society for Non dest. Test

(ASNT)

American Society of Mech. Engineers

Sec. III Sec. VIII

Sec. IX SNT-TCIA Sec. III Sec. VIII

Sec. V Art. 2 & 3

Sec. III Sec. VIII

Sec. V Art. 7

Sec. III Sec. VIII

Sec. V Art. 6

Sec. III Sec. VIII

Sec. V Art. 23

American Welding Society (AWS)

Sec. V Art. 1 D2.0-56 271 2132 271 2132

Department of Defense (MIL-STD)

(DOD) 278 248 279

272 453 2132

271 2132

271 2132 271

U.S. Navy (Navships)

250-1500-1 0900-003-8000 410, 271 2132C

250-1500-1 0900-003-9001

250-1500-10900-006-

9010 250-1500-1

250-1500-1 0900-003-8000 250-1500-1

250-1500-1 0900-006-3010

Manufacturer’s Stand-ardization

Soc. (MSS) SP55 250-1500-1 SP54 SP53 SP93 SP94

American National Standard

ANSI B16.34

ASTM A488 Annex B ASTM

E1030 Annex C ASTM E709 Annex D ASTM E165 Annex E ASTM A609

WeldingGeneral Publishing Agency Surface Finish

Personel Qualification

Radiography Examination Mag Particle Examination Liq Penetrant Examination ULTRASONIC INSPECT.


Page 36

Trademarks A list of trademarks is shown below which represent alloys listed in this material selector.

Hardness Conversions

Austenitic Stainless Steel Hardness Conversions NACE Standard MR0175 requires the hardness for this material not to exceed 22HRC. Typically, these materials are less than 20HRC.

o ASTM tables do not list values, because below 20HRC the test is not accurate. o Using table 2C and 2D of ASTM A370, an approximate hardness conversion for austenitic steels is shown.

Table 1. Hardness conversion for cast Austenitic Stainless Steel

Trademarks Product of Trademarks Product of AL-6XN Allegheny Ludlum Corporation Worthite Worthington Corp.

Chlorimet The Duriron Co. Zeron Mather Platt Ltd. FERRALIIUM® Langley Alloys Ltd. 15-5PH Armco Inc.

Hastelloy Haynes 17-4PH Armco Inc. Inconel and Incoloy Inco family of Co. 254SMO Avesta AB

Monel Inco family of Co. 253MA Avesta AB Nitronic Armco Inc. Virgo 38 Creusot – Loire RA85H Rolled Alloys Uranus 50M Creusot – Loire

�Rockwell C Hardness No.

Rockwell A Hardness No.

Brinell Hardness No. 10mm ball, 3000kg load

22 61.3 25321 60.8 24720 60.3 240


Page 37

Duplex Stainless Steel Hardness Conversions Standard ASTM hardness conversion tables are only approximations. ASTM tables do not represent data from cast duplex stainless steel. The table was developed from actual hardness tests on cast duplex stainless steel.

Table 2. Hardness conversion for cast Duplex Stainless Steel

Rockwell C Hardness No.

Rockwell A Hardness No.

Brinell Hardness No. 10mm ball, 3000kg

load 19 60.0 231 20 60.6 235 21 61.3 239 22 61.9 243 23 62.6 248 24 63.2 252 25 63.9 256 26 64.5 260 27 65.2 264 28 65.8 269 29 66.5 273 30 67.1 277 31 67.8 281 32 68.4 285


Page 38

CA6NM - Martensitic Stainless Steel The standard ASTM A370 hardness conversion tables state that the tables give approximate interrelationships of hardness values.

Data was developed in Tacoma on CA6NM material, which shows that the ASTM conversion tables do not apply and the more accurate relationship is shown in the table below.

For example, if a Rockwell C hardness maximum of 23 were necessary for a CA6NM part, this would convert to a Brinell of 255 HBW in lieu of the ASTM conversion of 243 HBW for a typical steel alloy.

Table 3. Hardness conversion for cast Martensitic Stainless Steel (CA6NM) Note: HRC 23 equivalent to 255 HBW

Rockwell C Hardness No.

Brinell Hardness No. 10mm ball, 3000kg Load Rockwell C

Hardness No.

Brinell Hardness No. 10mm ball, 3000kg Load

STEEL CA6NM STEEL CA6NM (11) 190 201

24 247 262

(12) 194 207

25 253 269 (13) 199 217

26 258 277

(16) 212 223

27 264 281 (17) 215 228

28 271 286

(18) 219 235

29 279 302 (19) 224 241

30 286 306

21 231 248

31 294 311 22 237 252

32 301 321

23 243 255

33 311 332


Page 39

Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI501 A494 CZ100 NICKEL 210508 (gas sensitive – best AOD) INVAR 36509 (gas sensitive – best AOD) INVAR 42510 A494 M-35-1, MONEL 411, A494 M-35-2[1] MONEL512 MIL-Spec QQ-N-288 COMP. E , A494 M30C MONEL w/Cb520 MIL-S-24271A (SOLUTION ANNEAL FOR DUCTILITY)521 HASTELLOY G522 A494 CW-6MC, EB3163, INCONEL 625523 A494 CY-40 (MUST BE SOLUTION ANNEALED)541 A494 N-12MV, Only quote if T<3 inches HASTELLOY B544 A494 CW-6M, CHLORIMET 3545 A494 N-7M, (no quote if over 4inches) CHLORIMET 2, 545A Like N7M,but much tighter specification FMC 19C7546 A494 CW-2M, HASTELLOY C4C549 A567 GRADE 5, HASTELLOY X

Cross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material DesignationNickel Based Alloys

Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI710 1010 MODIFIED711 A216 S-16 for Hydroflouric Acid Alkylation Service (low residuals)715 A352 LCA, LCB, LCC, A757 A1Q, A2Q 1015 MODIFIED716 A216-83 Grade WCB with CVN & Low CE-only Normalize+Temper717 A216 WCC with CVN Requirements720 A216 WCA, A27 65-35,60-30,U60-30,N-2, N-1, 70-40; 1020 ASTM 721 A487 Grade 2, Class A & B723 A216 WCC, A356 Grade 1 with approved Deoxidation724 A216 WCB with 0.25% Carbon Max.725 A216 WCB, WCC, WCA; A27 70-36 ; 1025 ASTM cast grades730 A915 grade SC1030 and A958 grade SC1030 1030 ASTM cast grades 740 A915 grade SC1040 and A958 grade SC1040 1040 ASTM cast grades745 A915 SC1045 ; A958 SC1045 1045 MODIFIED746 1046 Modified799 Special Chemistries Requested Per this Designation

Carbon SteelsCross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material Designation

Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI800 I-36801 A352 LC1802 A217 WC1, A356 Grade 2 A356 Grade 2 W/ Approved Deoxidation 4017 Modified804 Proprietary Alloy for weldable low alloy steel; 50ksi Yield min. CE<0.48 806 Proprietary Alloy for weldable low alloy for 70ksi min Yield CE <0.553810 A148 80-40, 80-50, 90-60, A486 GR. 90, 4125 Modified815 4130 modififed820 A148 105-85, 115-95, 135-125 Light to Medium Sections 4130 Modified821 A915 grade SC4130 and A958 grade SC4130 4130 ASTM grades822 HIGHER ALLOYED 820. A148 UP TO 135-125823 HIGHER ALLOYED 820. A148 UP TO 150-135824 8825 Modified825 Higher Alloyed USED For High Hardness Applications826 A356 GRADE 5827 A915 grade SC4140 and A958 grade SC4140 4140 ASTM cast grades828 A148 90-60 FOR ROBINS829 A915 grade SC8630 and A958 grade SC8630 8630 ASTM cast grades830 Higher Alloyed 820831 A487 Grade 4 Classes A - E: A915 grade SC8625, A958 grade SC8625 8625 ASTM cast grades833 A487 Grade 10 Class A, B, 4320 Modified834 4320 Modified835 8635 Modified836 A487 Grade 10 Modified837 A487 Grade 9 Classes A - D, 4125 Modified839 A915 grade SC8620 and A958 grade SC8625 8620 ASTM cast grades 840 A757 Grade C1Q, 4620 Modified841 Similar TO A487 Grade 10 with .18%C -105ksi Tensile and 85ksi Yield843 A487 grade 4B 4320 Modified844 CR 1.5 - NI 2 - MO .5 - Low Alloy Steel 850 ASTM A356 Grade 9851 ASTM A356 Grade 6853 A217 WC6, A356 Grade 6854 A217 WC9, A356 Grade 10, A487 Grade 8 Modified, A757 Grade D1855 A217 C5856 ASTM A217 WC11, A356 Grade 6, various Grades in A757857 ASTM A356 Grade 10859 ASTM A356 grade 12 and A217 Grade C12A860 A352 LC2: A757 B2N, B2Q861 A352 LC3: A757 B3N, B3Q862 A352 LC4: A757 B4N, B4Q863 A757 E1Q MODIFIED864 T9074-BD-GIB-010/0300 Appendix D. HY80; MIL-S-23008 Grade HY-80 864 A352 LC2-1. A757 Grades E2N1, E2Q1, E2Q2, E2N2, E2N3, E2Q3 Mod865 T9074-BD-GIB-010/0300 Appendix D HY100865 MIL-S-23008 GRADE HY-100869 A217 C12898 A148 105-85899 Request special chemistries

Cross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material DesignationAlloy Steel


Page 40

Stainless Cross-reference

Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI900 A743 & A217 CA15: A487 CA15 Class A, B 410901 A743 CA40 420902 A743 & A487 CA15M, MIL-C-24707-6903 A757 E3N, A743 & A356 CA6NM with Deoxidation. A487 CA6NM Class A909 A487 CA6NM Class B (Low C CA6NM for HRC 23 Max.) NACE910 A351 & A743 & A744 CF8 304911 A351 & A743 CF3 & CF3A (any low carbon) 304L912 Ferrite <1.5% & low Magnetic Permeability 305913 A351 CF8A914 A351 CG3M (per specification). See 923 for higher strength.915 A297 HF, 302B916 A351 & A743 & A744 CF8C 347917 A351 & A743 CGMMN Nitronic 50920 A351 & A743 & A744 CF8M, 316921 A351 & A743 & A744 CF3M CF3MA, (any low carbon) 316L922 Nonmagnetic 316 316923 A351 & A743 & A744 CG8M (Higher strength) 317924 CG8M with 0.03% C Max. , also CG3M (see Tacoma Alloy 914) 925 A351 & A743 & A744 CF8M with 50ksi minimum YIELD, 316928 A351 CF10M929 CF3MN 316LN930 A351 & A743 CH-10, CH-20, 309931 Rolled Alloys RA85H932 A743 CE-30933 Cast Version of UNS S308115, Avesta 253MA; Alloy 933 w/Cerium.934 ASTM A297 Grade HN935 A297 HH, A447 Type I, II 309

Cross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material DesignationStainless Steel

Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI936 Proprietary Alloy for die blocks.940 A351 & A743 CK20 310941 A351 HK30942 A351 HK40943 330945 A297 HK As Cast946 A297 HT As Cast 330947 A743 CN3M, IN862948 A351 & A743 & A744 CN7M, ALLOY 20949 A351 & A743 & A744 CN3MN Allegeny AL6XN 950 Uddelholm 904L951 A351, A743, A744, A990 CK-3MCuN; Avesta254 SMO952 A747 CB7CU-2, 15-5 PH954 A747 CB7CU-1 H900, 17-4 PH955 A747 CB7CU-1 H925 TO H1150 DBL: 17-4 PH957 A890, A995 CD4MCuN - GRADE 1B: Duplex Stainless958 A890, A995 Grade 5A (CE3MN) Duplex Stainless959 A890, A995 CD3MN Grade 4A; Sandvick 2205, DIN X2CRNIMO 22.5 Duplex Stainless961 Duplex - Similar to Zeron 25 Duplex Stainless962 A890, A995 CD3MWCuN grade 6A (has 0.5 to 1.0% W) Zeron 100, 963 A890, A995 CD6MN 3A and UNS J93371 Duples Stainless964 Duplex - Similar to Zeron – Uranus 50M Duples Stainless966 CLASS 2001 REV C Duples Stainless967 A890 grade 1C, CD3MCuN Duples Stainless970

Cross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material DesignationStainless Steel Continued

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W

ashington 98409 *Phone (253)-475-4600 *F

ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 948 is a low carbon version of the w

ell-known cast austenitic stainless

steel CN

7M. Its chem

ical composition and m

echanical properties satisfy the requirements of

grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.

This corrosion resistant stainless steel alloy has an excellent reputation for its use in sulfuric acid

and in many reducing chem

icals. The high nickel content together w

ith the added elements

molybdenum

and copper impart the necessary resistance to corrosion in these environm

ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M

has a reputation for poor weldability

and a high susceptibility for hot tears and solidification cracking. B

radken Tacom

a has virtually eliminated these problem

s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T

he key element for this success is the efficient

removal of carbon and sulfur during refining. A

typical carbon content for Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%

while the sulfur is <0.005%

. Reducing the level of these tw

o elements has

dramatically reduced issues previously encountered w

ith this alloy. A superior casting results

when the carbon and sulfur contents are controlled to these low

concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F

oundry has a technical staff of engineers that are willing to assist you. W

eurge you to contact one of these B

radken Tacom

a representatives so that we m

ay be able to service your needs and provide you w

ith a high quality product.

Typical Applications

Chem

ical processing, heat exchangers, pumps, valves, highly corrosive environm

ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation

Required by specification

62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W

ashington 98409 • P

hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W

ashington 98409 *Phone

(253)-475-4600 *Fax (253-473-8710

715 Carbon S

teelA

lloy Data S

heet

Water quenched and tem

pered alloyG

rades WC

B-W

CC

(with S

upplement S

15), LCB

-LCC

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 715 is a plain carbon steel with excellent C

harpy v-notch impact

properties that can satisfy the requirements of A

ST

M A

216 Grades W

CB

, WC

C, and

A352 G

rades LCB

, LCC

when specified.

Bradken T

acoma F

oundry has a technical staff of engineers that are willing to assist you.

We urge you to contact one of the B

radken Tacom





Valves, flanges, fittings, pum

p cases and other pressure containing parts, and structural applications. W

hen a plain carbon steel requiring improved im

pact properties over the norm

al cast carbon steel grades is selected, choose WC

B or W

CC

in the quenched and tem

pered condition.

Typical Com

position and Mechanical P

roperties

The alloy is designed w

ith a maxim

um carbon content of 0.25%

, enhancing weldability.

Excellent low

temperature toughness properties are achieved w

ith a normalize and

temper heat treatm

ent.

Typical Com

position

C M

n Si

P S

0.20 0.90

0.45 0.014

0.006

Typical Mechanical P

roperties

Tensile Strength Yield Strength

% Elongation

%RA

Charpy (at -50°F)

75 ksi 47 ksi

31 65

37 ft-lb

Page 41

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

Charpy V

-notch Curve for quenched and tem

pered carbon steel

The C

harpy V-notch transition curves for B

radken Tacom

a Alloy 715 show

the effect of A

OD

(Argon O

xygen Decarburization) refinem

ent versus conventionally Electric A

rc F

urnace (Arc)

refined metal. W

hen carbon steel is processed using the AO

D m

ethod of refining, the im

pact properties are enhanced as shown above.

The A

OD

process offers an opportunity to improve steel w

ith basic refining. The product

of this refinement is steel w

ith low residual gas levels resulting in few

er non-metallic

inclusions. This cleaner steel coupled w

ith low sulfur levels (typically less than 0.010%

) dram

atically improves toughness properties.

Although carbon steel can be produced by conventional m

ethods, AO

D processing further

improves the integrity of the casting. A

OD

refined carbon steel has excellent weldability

due to the low carbon and low

sulfur contents. Hot tearing during solidification on even

the most intricate shape is dim

inished considerably, reducing the need to weld repair and

enhancing the quality of the casting.

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 715 should be considered when a plain carbon steel w

ith excellent im

pact strength is required. Upon request, certifications are available verifying specific

low tem

perature impact properties. T

he customer should specify the desired test

temperature and the m

inimum

absorbed energy that must be achieved.

Bradken T

acoma testing facilities include a certified C

harpy V-notch im

pact machine and

a nil-ductility transition temperature (N

DT

T) testing apparatus to m

eet requirements for

toughness properties.

Page 42

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W

ashington98409 *P

hone (253)-475-4600 *Fax (253-473-8710

804 Low alloy S

teelA

lloy Data S

heet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 804

Alloy steel designed for 50 ksi (345 M

Pa) yield strength, 0.47 C

E, w

ith excellent toughness

This alloy w

as developed by Bradken T

acoma to m

eet the requirements of the O

ffshore Oil

Industry. It is weldable w

ith or without the need for preheat or post w

eld heat treatment. It

provides good mechanical properties w

ith excellent yield strength and ductility. Bradken T

acoma

alloy 804 is refined using the AO

D (A

rgon, Oxygen, D

ecarburization) process resulting in low

sulfur and gas levels producing very clean steel with excellent ductility.

Bradken T

acoma F

oundry has a technical staff of engineers that arew

illing to assist you. We

urge you to contact one of the Bradken T

acoma representatives so that w

e may be able to service

your needs and provide you with a high quality product


Structural castings for sem

i submersibles, riser baskets, seism

ic safety devices, TLP

s, FP

SO

, and S

pars

Typical Mechanical P

roperties1

13 inch (330mm

) QT

ST

ypical at surface

Typical at T

/3

Tensile S

trength ksi (MP

a)79.8 (550)

74.8 (516)Y

ield Strength ksi (M

Pa)

59.3 (409)52.8 (364)

% E

longation29

32%

Reduction of A

rea74

75Y

ield strength/Tensile strength ratio

0.7440.706

Charpy V

-notch at -40°C ft-lb (Joules)

113 (153)211 (287)

Charpy V

-notch at -40°C %

Shear

100100

1 1180°F temper and 1150°F PW

HT

Page 43

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W

ashington98409 *P

hone (253)-475-4600 *Fax (253-473-8710

Typical AO

D R

efined Chem

istry2

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iA

lP

S

0.1150.912

0.5010.290

0.2640.923

0.0160.007

0.002

VC

uN

TiC

b3

BC

EP

CM

0.00040.112

0.0057<0.001

0.002<0.001

0.4470.230

Charpy V

-notch

CTO

D of B

ase Metal

CE

= 0.4763.6 ksi Y

ield Strength

3x3x15 inches -10°C (+14°F

) m

= 0.030 inches m

= 0.76 mm

Valid

m= 0.031 inches

m= 0.80 m

mV

alidm

= 0.028 inchesm

= 0.72 mm

Valid

2 The chemistry, CE, and PCM

can be varied to achieve customized requirem

ents. 3 Cb is Colum

bium w

hich is another term for N

b, Niobium

.

Page 44

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W

ashington98409 *P

hone (253)-475-4600 *Fax (253-473-8710

Heat Treatm

entT

his is a homogenized, w

ater quenched, and tempered alloy resulting in a tem

pered martensite

structure shown in the m

icrographs below.

Microstructure

100x500x

Page 45

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

Page 46

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

806 Low alloy S

teelA

lloy Data S

heet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 806

Alloy S

teel designed for65

ksi(450 MP

a)yield strengthand excellent toughness.

CE

0.553 Max

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 806 was developed to exhibit strength and toughness. It is used w

ith or w

ithout PW

HT

. 806 is refined using the AO

D (A

rgon, Oxygen, D

ecarburization) process resulting in low

sulfur and gas levels producing a very clean steel with excellent ductility and strength.

Bradken T

acoma F


e urge you to contact one of the B

radken Tacom



ith a high quality product


Structural and pressure retaining castings for sem

i submersibles; pontoons, nodes, riser baskets,

TLP

s and Spars.

Charpy V

-notch

0 20 40 60 80100120140160180

-70-60

-50-40

-30-20

-100

1020

3040

Absorbed Energy

Temperature (F or C

)

806 CV

N curve C

E .52, Yield 75 ksi (517 M

pa)

ft-lbsjoules

Page 47

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

Actual M

echanical Properties in Q

uality Test Coupons (Q

TC)

at T/4 of 7 inch (178m

m) Q

TSat T/4 of 11.7

inch (297 mm

) Q

TCTensile S

trength ksi (MP

a)92.1 (635)

91.3 (629)Y

ield Strength ksi (M

Pa)

72.2 (498)71.6 (494)

% E

longation 25

25%

Reduction of A

rea69

69Y

ield strength/Tensile strength ratio0.784

0.784C

harpy V-notch at +23°F (-5C

) ft-lb (Joules)

126.7 (172)120 (163)

% S

hear96

95

Typical AO

D R

efined Chem

istry

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iA

lP

S

0.121.35

0.580.24

0.240.94

0.0160.007

0.001

VC

uN

TiC

b1

BC

EP

CM

0.00010.12

0.00570.0008

0.0023<0.001

0.520.26

ND

TT

Test tw

o (2) specimens from

surface to exhibit “No B

reak” at -4°Fand

-13°F.

Heat Treatm

ent

This S

teel is homogenized, w

ater quenched,and tempered alloy.T

he resulting tempered

martensite is both strong and tough.

1 Cb is Columbium

which is another term

for Nb, N

iobium.

Figure 1100X

Figure 2500X

Page 48

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

864 High A

lloy Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 864

Alloy S

teel designed for 80ksi (550MP

a) yield strength with excellent toughness

This alloy w

as developed to exhibit high strength and toughness. This alloy is know

n as HY

80 and has been used in m

ilitary and naval applications for several decades. The alloy can be

produced with or w

ithout post weld heat treatm

ent.Bradken T

acoma alloy

864 is refined using the A

OD

(Argon, O

xygen, Decarburization) process resulting in low

sulfur and gas levels producing clean steel w

ith excellent ductility, toughness, and strength. This alloy can be used anyw

here strength com

bined with low

temperature toughness is required.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Structural castings for N

aval vessels(T

ech Pub T

9074-BD

-GIB

=010/0300 Appendix D

formerly

MIL-S

-23008D) and

offshore platforms.

Chem

istry Maxim

ums and R

anges

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.200.55-0.75

0.500.30-0.60

1.35-1.65

2.75-3.25

0.0140.008

VC

u

0.0300.25

Mechanical P

roperties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation

%RA

Specification M

inimum

Inform

ation 80 ksi

20 35

Typical in sections from

3-10” at T/4

115 ksi (794M

PA) 95 ksi

(653MPA)

20.5 58.5

Page 49

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

Charpy

V-notch

Heat Treatm

ent

This is a w

ater quenched and tempered alloy. M

ilitary specifications prohibit PW

HT

. Offshore

applications usually require PW

HT

.

0 20 40 60 80

100

120

140

160

180

-110-100

-90-80

-70-60

-50-40

-30-20

-100

1020

Absorbed energy

Temperature (F or C

)

864 Chapry V-N

otch Curve

Joules

ft-lb

Page 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

903 CA

6NM

Martensitic S

tainless A

lloy Data S

heet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 903

Grade C

A6N

M &

E3N

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 903 is a martensitic stainless steel that satisfies the requirem

ents of Grade

CA

6NM

for AS

TM

A352, A

356, A743, A

487 for CA

6NM

Class A

, and A757 G

rade E3N

. This

alloy has gained popularity among designers in

the pump, gas

and steam turbine industries. T

he alloy has desirable properties thatinclude

weldability, corrosion and cavitation resistance,

toughness and resistance to cracking. CA

6NM

replaced CA

15 in the 1960s. CA

15 is merely a

12% chrom

ium alloy sim

ilar to the first stainless steels invented. CA

6NM

contains nickel, which

gives it superior weldable and itis

stronger and tougher than CA

15.

CA

6NM

is refined using the Argon O

xygen Decarburization (A

OD

) process. AO

D enhancem

ent can consistently produce a m

aterial with low

er carbon, lower sulfur, and low

er gas contents, resulting in a cleaner steel w

ith fewer non-m

etallic inclusions. The low

er carbon and sulfur levels im

prove weldability, decrease the susceptibility to hot tears and cracking, and significantly

improve the C

harpy V-notch im

pact properties.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Pum

ps, impellers, bow

ls, diffusers, runners for water turbines, valves and com

pressor cases,are areas w

here strength, weldability, and toughness are desirable. A

lso in Gas and steam

turbine blade rings and cases w

here good strength at temperature is required.

Typical Chem

istry

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iA

lP

S

0.030.53

0.480.57

12.73.812

0.0280.023

0.003

VC

uN

Cb

1

0.030.20

0.01220.011

Com

puter monitored instructions are m

aintained during the melting operation. T

hisensures

precise control to achieve the analysis. A consistent chem

ical content guarantees that the desired m

echanical properties are satisfied.

1 Cb is Columbium

, which is another term

for Nb, N

iobium.

Page 51

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

Mechanical P

roperties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation

%RA

H

ardness, H

B Charpy V

-notch

Specified m

inimum

117 ksi

87 ksi 20

35 285 m

ax 20 ft-lb @

-100F*

Typical 121 ksi

94 ksi 20

65 275

49 ft-lb @

-100F *A

757 E3N

Page 52

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkesonS

t *Tacom

a, Washington 98409 *P

hone (253)-475-4600 *Fax (253-473-8710

909 CA

6NM

Class B

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 909

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

A6N

MA

STM

A487 and A

SM

E S

A487 G

rade CA

6NM

Class B

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 909 is a product of the Argon O

xygen Decarburization (A

OD

) process and B

radken Tacom

a technology. This highly refined m

etal has a low gas

content and a low sulfur level. T

he result is a cleaner, higher quality casting with

excellent weldability and low

temperature toughness.

Bradken T

acoma A


ell-known m

artensitic stainless steel G

rade CA

6NM

. It was developed for use in hydrogen sulfide environm

ents and offers advantages over the cast stainless steel G

rade CA

15 that it has replaced in most applications.

The N

ational Association of C

orrosion Engineers (N

AC

E) has accepted C

A6N

M as a m

aterial that can be em

ployed in oil field equipment. N

AC

E S

tandard MR

-0175 specifies that AS

TM

A487

Grade C

A6N

M C

lass B is appropriate w

hen the hardness does not exceed HR

C 23. T

his alloy can achieve the H

RC

23 maxim

um if the m

aximum

carbon content is 0.03%. T

he HR

C 23

maxim

um hardness is required for H

2 S environm

ents.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Pum

ps, valves, and cases for the Oil Industry w

ith low hardness (per N

AC

E M

R0175), excellent

weldability, and low

temperature toughness

Typical Chem

istry Properties

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iA

lP

S0.016

0.530.48

0.5312.70

3.810.016

0.0230.003

VC

u0.031

0.19

Mechanical P

roperties AS

TM A

487 CA

6NM

Class B

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation

%RA

H

ardness, M

ax. HRC

(HB)

Required m

inimum

100 ksi

75 ksi 17

35 23 (255)

Typical 113

87 21

68 19(232)

Page 53

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

AP

I Standard 610, sixth edition, defines the m

inimum

requirements for centrifugal pum

ps for use in petroleum

refinery service. It states, “Materials for the pressure casing, shafting, balance

pistons, impellers and bolting having hardness

in excess of Rockw

ell C23

shall not be used for com

ponents exposed to wet H

2 S service, including trace quantities.”

Bradken T

acoma alloy 909 castings w

ill not exceed a hardness of Rockw

ell C23. T

he class B

CA

6NM

in AS

TM

has a carbon max of 0.06%

. By specifying a C

arbon of 0.03% m

aximum

in the order, the base m

etal can easily meet 23H

RC

. Low levels of carbon are achieved w

ith AO

D

melting or judicial use of scrap and induction m

elting. It will be very difficult to m

eet the 23HR

C

maxim

um w

ith carbon levels over 0.03%.

Typical Charpy V

-Notch V

alues

Temperature, °F

Ft.-lb-50

85-10

11710

105

Heat Treatm

entT

he following heat treatm

ent produces CA

6NM

castings that satisfyN

AC

E S

tandard MR

-0175 for C

A6N

M castings and A

ST

M A

487 grade CA

6NM

class B.

Norm

alize + 1250F +1125F

The 1250F

cycle is an intercritical heat treatment. T

his means half the m

artensite gets a very w

arm tem

per (softens the metal) and the other half turns into austenite, w

hichtransform

s into untem

pered martensite upon cooling from

1250F.

It is imperative that the 1250F

be followed

directlyby 1125F

, which

is a tempering cycle. T

he 1125F

will tem

per the new m

artensite. The result is soft and softer m

artensite crystals in the structure.

Welding

The alloy is easy to w

eld. The P

WH

T is 1250 + 1125F

which

softensthe w

eld in the same

manner as the base m

etal.

Hardness C

onversions for CA

6NM

The standard conversion correlations in A

ST

M A

370 do not apply to CA

6NM

. The data below

show

the alloy specific hardness conversion for CA

6NM

.

HB

Class B

CA

6NM

; HR

C

approved by AP

I201

11207

12217

13223

16228

17235

18241

19248

21255

23

Page 54

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

Page 55

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

Page 56

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

Itis important to reduce the potential for intergranular carbides. Intergranular carbides are a low

m

elting phase segregates on grain boundaries and contributes to the cracking tendency of this alloy.A

0.03% m

aximum

carbon minim

izes the number of carbides

present, resulting in reduced w

elding problems. T

he lower carbon further enhances the alloy’s corrosion resistance, w

hich is typical of the com

mon “L” grades. N

ote that the specifications often have 0.07% C

arbon m

aximum

.

Please specify in the quote and purchase order that a carbon 0.03%

maxim

umis required.

Bradken T

acoma proprietary A

OD

processing methods ensures low

sulfur levels and a cleaner m

aterial.

In the past it was virtually im

possible to pass liquid penetrant examination w

ith non-AO

D C

N7M

because of the inherent cracks developed from

grain boundary carbides in the fully austenitic stainless steel. A

OD

refined Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 948 is now readily processed w

ithout grain boundary cracking, and can satisfy LP

E requirem

ents as outlined by AS

ME

and military

specifications.

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

Page 57

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

957 Duplex S

tainless steelA

lloy Data S

heet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 957

AS

TM A

890 & A

995 Grade 1B

, CD

4MC

uN

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 957 satisfies the requirements of G

rade 1B (C

D4M

CuN

). The

choice of specification is dependent upon the application and the environment. A

ST

M

A890 is for general purpose and A

995 is for pressure vessel castings.

CD

4MC

uN is used in m

any severe environments including brine, seaw

ater, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and other oxidizing and reducing corrosive agents. A

lloy 957’s ability to resist corrosion is superior and its yield strength is approxim

ately double that of grades CF

8 and C

F8M

.

Duplex S

tainless steelspossesses a tw

o-phase microstructure of approxim

ately 50%

ferrite and 50% austenite. T

his structure gives the Duplex additional strength and

corrosion resistance especially in Chloride service. In com

parison, alloys like CF

8M

contain typically 5-20% ferrite and the balance austenite, and they do not perform

well in

chloride environments.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Areas w

here high corrosion resistance is necessaryas w

ell as added strength, especially in environm

ents containing chlorides

TypicalChem

istry and Mechanical P

roperties

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iA

lP

S

0.020.56

0.652.0

24.95.12

0.0380.026

0.004

VC

uN

TiC

b1

0.0432.89

0.164<0.001

0.013

1 Cb is Columbium


for Nb, N

iobium.

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

Page 58

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


100 ksi 70 ksi

16

Typical 113 ksi

81 ksi 28

Nitrogen

Nitrogen is purposely included in B

radken Tacom

a Alloy 957 in a range of 0.15-0.25%

. T

his element alters the solidification kinetics to the extent that detrim

ental alloy segregation is reduced. In addition, the resistance to chloride ion induced pitting is im

proved. The addition of nitrogen is controlled using the A

OD

process.

Welding

The addition of nitrogen in A

lloy 957 enhances weldability. A

n influential element w

hich adversely affects w

eldability is sulfur. It is important to achieve a low

sulfur content to ensure good w

eldability. Bradken T

acoma m

aintains strict controlover carbon, sulfur and nitrogen. T

he resultant alloy is readily weldable.

AO

D

With the use of B

radken Tacom

a proprietary methods and the A

rgon Oxygen

Decarburization (A

OD

) refining process, the desired chemical content is easily achieved.

Typical sulfur and carbon levels are 0.004%

and 0.02% respectively.

Typical Microstructure of duplex stainless steel

The dark m

atrix is ferrite. The lighter pools are austenite.

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

Page 59

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

958 Super D

uplex Stainless S

teel A

lloy Data S

heet

AS

TM A

890 Grade 5A

, UN

S J93404

AS

uper Duplex S

tainless steel for seawater and chloride service

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 958 is a Super D

uplex Stainless steel designed to m

aximize the

resistance to chloride corrosion. Com

parisons with other alloys reflect its superior

properties in chloride service.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom

a representatives sothat w

e may be

able to service your needs and provide you with a high quality product


Pum

ps and valves in seawater and other aggressive environm

ents

Typical Chem

istry and Mechanical P

ropertiesT

he alloy is balanced to produce a Duplex S

tainless steel containing austenite dispersed throughout a ferrite m

atrix. The high chrom

ium and m

olybdenum content greatly enhance

the resistance to corrosion. Nitrogen im

proves pitting resistance and reduces chromium

segregation.

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iA

lP

S

0.0180.485

0.4284.245

24.567.707

0.0380.022

0.005

VC

uN

Cb

1

0.0550.228

0.17950.014

Tensile

Strength

Yield

Strength

%E

longationC

harpy V-notch

at -50FR

equired by S

pecification100 ksi

75 ksi18

See A

ST

M

A923 B

958 Typical

111 ksi79 ksi

30130 ft-lb

1 Cb is Columbium


for Nb, N

iobium.

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

Page 60

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

A com

parison of the minim

um tensile properties show

s Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 958 to be sim

ilar to gradesCD

4MC

u and CA

6NM

and superior to the other alloys shown below

.

AS

TM

/Grade

Tensile S

trength (ksi)Y

ield Strength (ksi)

Elongation (%

)B

radken Tacom

a 958, 5A100

7518

CD

4MC

u100

7016

Ferralium

255110

7020

CA

6NM

11080

15C

F3

7030

35C

F3M

7030

30C

G8M

7535

25C

W-12M

M72

404

Heat Treatm

entO

ptimum

mechanical and corrosion resistant properties are achieved w

ith a solution heat treatm

ent at 2075°F follow

ed by a water quench.

Corrosion R

esistance

Pitting P

otential

The pitting corrosion resistance of various alloys w

as determined by conducting anodic

polarization tests in a 1M (5.8%

) NaC

l aqueous solution. At 122

°F, no pitting occurred on B

radken Tacom

a Alloy 958. T

his test is an indication of the likelihood of pit initiation in m

arine environments. A

s the temperature is increased, the test becom

es more severe.

Therefore, it is im

portant to observe both the temperature and potential m

easured when

comparing the various alloys.

As the pitting potential increases, so does the resistance to pitting corrosion w

hen similar

temperatures are com

pared. Alloy 2205 w

as the highest with a 340 m

v at 50°C

, however

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy958 resulted in 240 m

v at 65°C

while F

erralium 255 only achieved

110 mv at 60

°C.

Alloy

Tem

perature, °CP

itting Potential M

v.B

radken Tacom

a Alloy 958

[1]65

240

CF

8M[1]

65-25

Ferralium

255[2]

60110

SA

F 2205 [2]

50340

T316 [2]

5060

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 958[1]

50N

o Pitting

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

Page 61

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

Crevice C

orrosion

Many stainless steels have excellent overall corrosion resistance; how

ever most have not

been extensively employed in seaw

ater because they are subject to localized corrosion in stagnant sea w

ater.T

his type of attack is a form of crevice corrosion that m

ay occur as a result of a lack of oxygen w

hich is necessary to form a protective passive film

. The

stagnant conditions arise when the flow

rate is typically less than about 3.9 to 5.2 ft per second, w

hen marine organism

s are attached to the surface or where crevices exist.

The crevice corrosion resistance w

as evaluated for various alloys by determining the

critical crevice temperature, the tem

perature above which an alloy becom

es susceptible to crevice corrosion. T

ests were perform

ed in a 10% ferric chloride solution at pH

1 for 24 hours.

Alloy

Critical C

revice Tem

p, °C%

Mo

2%

Cr

Avesta 254 S

MO

[3]43

6.120

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 958 [1]37

4.725

904L [3]6

4.220

20Cb3 [3]

-32.4

20316L [3]

-32.8

16

Crevice C

orrosion in Seaw

ater

Actual tests w

ere performed in filtered seaw

ater to determine the resistance to crevice

corrosion. Triplicate specim

ens, 100x150mm

were in contact w

ith multiple crevice

washers (acetylresin) having 20 grooves and plateaus. A

washer w

as affixed to each side of potential crevice sites for each specim

en was 40.

Seaw

ater, flowing at approxim

ately 0.02 m/s, w

as controlled at a temperature if 25

°C ±

2°C

. Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 958 was subjected to a 60 day test. R

esults show the

percent of sites attacked based on a possible 120 sites. Depth of attack w

as measured

with a needle point dial gauge to the nearest 0.01m

m.

The follow

ing table shows B

radken Tacom

a Alloy 958 com

pared to various data obtained from

other sources[4][5]. T

he tests were perform

ed at a temperature of 30

°C, but the 5

°variation is not significant. A

higher torque level will produce a m

ore severe test as show

n when com

paring the two results for Inco IN

862. As w

ould be expected, a 60 day test is m

ore stringent than 30 days.

2 Both molybdenum

and chromium

enhance the resistance to crevice corrosion as indicated by their effect on the critical crevice tem

perature.

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

948 Stainless

Steel

Alloy D

ata Sheet

Bradken Tacom

a Alloy 948

0.03% M

ax Carbon C

N7M

(aka CN

3MC

u)

Bradken T

acoma A



steel CN

7M. Its chem



grade CN

7M under A

ST

M A

351, A743, A

744, A990 and A

SM

E S

A351.





molybdenum


ents.

Unfortunately, C

N7M



radken Tacom


s as a result of A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) refining. T




acoma A

lloy 948 is <0.015%



o elements has




concentrations.

Bradken T

acoma F



radken Tacom





Chem


ents

Typical Com

position

CM

nS

iM

oC

rN

iP

S

0.0120.41

0.662.4

20.428.7

0.0020.002

Cu

N

3.20.0785

Tensile Properties

Tensile

Strength Yield

Strength %

Elongation


62 ksi 25 ksi

35

Typical 71 ksi

32 ksi 50

3201 South W

ilkeson St •

Tacoma, W


hone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710

Page 62

3201 South W

ilkeson St *T

acoma, W


ax (253-473-8710

Alloy

Tem

p, °CT

orque, Nm

Days

% of T

otal sites attacked

Max pit depth,

mm

Ferralium

(W)

308.5

302

0.08904L (W

)30

8.530

300.74

958 (C )

258.5

608

0.38F

erralium (C

)30

8.530

312.21

IN862 (C

)30

2.860

331.23

IN862 (C

)30

8.560

391.75

CN

7M (C

)30

2.860

692.93

CF

8M (C

)30

2.860

743.59

CN

7MS

(C )

302.8

6084

3.53(W

)=wrought (C

)= Cast

Bradken T

acoma A

lloy 958 is superior to all the cast grades tested. This includes those

tested at thelow

er torque level and cast Ferralium

whose test duration w

as only 30 days. T

wo w

rought alloys are also shown, w

ith Ferralium

superior 904L.

AO

D R

efinedB

radken Tacom

a Alloy 958 w

as developed by Bradken T

acoma F

oundry as a cast D

uplex Stainless steel corrosion resistant m

aterial for chloride containing environments.

In addition to its unique chemical com

position, further enhancement is achieved by

employing the A

rgon Oxygen D

ecarburization (AO

D) process. T

his ensures that the desired low

carbon contentand beneficial nitrogen level is easily controlled. In addition, an extrem

ely low sulfur content is achieved w

hich results in a cleaner and higher quality casting.

References

[1] A. Pozansky, "The Corrosion Resistance of 25Cr-3.5Mo-6N

i and 25Cr-4.5Mo-6N

i Cast Duplex Stainless

Steel," in ASM M

etals Congress, St. Louis, 1982.

[2] E. Lizlovs, "Climax of M

olybdenum," Co. of M

ichigan, Report No. RP-33-80-08, 1981.

[3] A. Garner, "M

aterials Selection for Bleached Pulp Washers," Pulp &

Paper, vol. 82, no. 12, pp. T414-7425, D

ecember, 1981.

[4] H. H

ack, "Crevice Corrosion Behavior of 45 Molybdenum

-Containing Stainless Steels in Seawater,"

Corrosion, Paper No. 65 , 1982.

[5] R. Kain, "Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Several Iron and Nickel Base Cast Alloys in Seaw

ater," Corrosion, no. 66, 1982.

Date post:	06-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	phamdieu
View:	272 times
Download:	6 times

Alloy Selector Guide - Engineered Products Selector Guide-inside pages... · The BEP Alloy Selector...

Documents