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Gas insulated switchgearup to 800kV

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The Transmission

and Distribution Sector

The Transmission and Distribution

Sector (T&D) of ALSTOM provides

its customers with a complete range

of products, systems and services

for all key points in the transmission

and distribution of electrical energy

from the generator to the end-user.

The T&D Sector designs and

manufactures all types of equipment

and systems for transformation,measurement, switching, control

and the monitoring and protection

necessary for national, regional or

private networks.

To satisfy an increasingly

demanding market, the T&D Sector

has also developed a capability for

the supply of turnkey installations,

including design, installation,

commissioning, and maintenance.With a total workforce of 28 000

people throughout the world,

the Transmission and Distribution

Sector has a turnover of

2900 million Euros.Through its numerous industrial and

commercial Units, the T&D Sector is

present in 40 countries and on all

the continents and is, therefore,

able to propose a complete bid at

local level and to offer customers a

local quality service.

High Voltage Gas Insulated

Switchgear

Within the Sector, we are a world

leader in the field of high voltage

gas insulated switchgear.

We are continuously developing

new products with still higher

quality, performance and reliability.

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Long term experience

In 1966, our first GIS installationwas energized and the first large

245 kV substation was

commissioned in 1969, in France.

To meet world market requirements,

the range was extended to higher

voltages, 420 kV (France) in 1978

and 550 kV (Canada) in 1979.

In the same year 1979, the first

800 kV gas insulated switchgear in

the world was commissioned by ourCompany in the United States at

Joshua Falls substation on the

American Electric Power network.

Since then, our products have

gained the benefits of higher

performance, technical

improvements and innovation which

recently has led to the development

of the first 420 kV circuit-breaker

with only one interrupter per phase.We are developing new products

that take into account future trends

and user needs. These include the

importance placed upon partial

discharge measurement, internal

flashover detection, SF6 analysis,

fault location methods and digital

control of substations.

More than 1000 gas insulated

substations have already been

ordered from ALSTOM T&Dworldwide, totalling about

8000 bays.

Worldwide references

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A competitive solution

Variety and flexibility

of equipment able to cope

with the characteristics of each

project.

High reliability during service

due to the design of each piece

of equipment to be an integral

part of the complete GIS system. Significant reduction of the

occupied space.

Reduction of project engineering

and management time and of

management tasks to complete

projects.

Ease of commissioning.

Simple operation and minimal

maintenance.

These advantages bring noticeablereductions in life time costs

(construction and operation) and

make our gas insulated switchgear

a competitive solution.

Diverse applications

City installations: in buildings or

underground occupying minimal

space and resolving economical

and aesthetic aspects.

Industrial substations in highly

polluted or corrosive areas.

Installations in power plants close

to the generators to optimise thegeneral installation.

Substations subject to severe

local environmental conditions.

Increase in performances or

extension of existing substations

with very limited space available.

SF6 busduct connections of very

long runs in shafts, underground

galleries or at ground level to

connect the GIS to overhead lines

with the minimum amount of

interfaces.

Applications examples and benefits

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Unaffected by

environmental condition

The switchgear is designed to be

used, whatever the environmental

condition :

proximity to the sea

industrial pollution

storms

earthquakes

extreme climate

high altitudes

Compact design

GIS is extremely compact.

Its components are designed to be

as small as possible, to ensure

unquestionable advantages :

Space requirements are reduced

in comparison to conventionalswitchgear, proportional to

voltage (up to 30 times less

space for an 800 kV substation!).

Adaptability

GIS can be adapted to anyoperating situation.

It is designed to permit a wide

variety of arrangements while

guaranteeing an optimal layout.

Connection to a power

transformer can be made by

using SF6-air bushings or SF6-oil

bushings.

Any type of cable can be used

for cable connections, whether

oil-filled or dry.

A gas insulated substation can

be extended or modified to meet

changing operational needs, so that

capital investments can be spread.

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Extensive

performance

Our GIS has been installed all over

the world with characteristics

covering :

Rated voltage from 72.5

to 800 kV inclusive.

Rated current from 800

to 8000 A.

Short-circuit interrupting currentfrom 12.5 to 80 kA.

Single phase and three-phase

enclosures.

Cast or welded aluminium alloy

enclosures.

Indoor, outdoor and underground

installations.

Performance range and basic technology

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- simple, easy-to-understand

design.

- high reliability.- maximum energy storage

without a constant auxiliary

energy requirement.

- low maintenance requirements.

- energy delivery independent of

temperature (proven to -50 C).

Hydraulic mechanism

The hydraulic mechanism is well

proven with over 30 years ofservice experience having been

used previously on both

conventional and metal clad

equipment.

This type of mechanism is almost

maintenance free requiring only a

few periodical checks such as oil

level.

Reliable indicators

Position indicators on circuit-

breakers, disconnecting switches

and earthing switches are highly

reliable and clearly visible from

the ground.

Aluminium

alloy enclosures

Aluminium alloy enclosures are the

key to the adaptability to any

conditions of service,

because they are both light-weight

and corrosion-resistant.

Earthed metal enclosures ensure

no contact with live parts.

Aluminium alloy enclosuresrequire no internal protective

coating, eliminating the risk of

generating particles that could

cause internal flashover.

Conical

insulators

Long creepage distance

insulators (cone-shaped) giveexcellent dielectric strength.

Gas

monitoring

Each bay of switchgear

is divided into several gas

tight zones.

Gas density relays constantly

monitor SF6 density.

Each SF6 zone has a moisture

absorbing cartridge to control

humidity.

Safety diaphragms prevent anyrupture of an enclosure.

Operational feedback proves that

less than 1% of the SF6 is lost

per year.

Modern circuit-breaker

drives

Spring operating mechanisms

with proven service experienceand key features such as :

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Short-circuit test laboratories

A 5000 MVA test laboratory with

two 2500 MVA generatorscoupled in parallel for direct

testing.

A synthetic testing circuit. The

recovery voltage at the terminals

of the circuit-breaker under test is

obtained by the discharge of a

capacity in an oscillating circuit

(current or voltage injection

method).

Total energy up to 4 Megajoules.

Dielectric test laboratories for extra

high voltage tests

An impulse wave generator to

provide lightning impulse waves

of an amplitude of 3200 kV.

Power frequency test equipment

up to 1500 kV.

Complementary laboratories

Short time current withstand tests. Temperature rise tests.

Mechanical-environmental tests.

EMC and electronic tests.

Resources for research into arc

physics

Study of the arc and gas flow

using strioscopy or interferometry.

Determination of pressure

gradients.

A large collection of software

programmes for scientific calculation

Fluid mechanics and energy

transfer (CELIA, MC3, etc.)

Simulation of HV networks

(EMTP)

Field analysis (FLUX 2D, PHI 3D)

Finite element and dynamic

behaviour of structures

(ANSYS...)

Accredited testing centre

Accreditation according

EN45001 European Standard. Short Circuit Testing, liaison (STL)

membership.

Research and development

Objective

innovation

High performance and innovative

products are essential for the

existence and growth of our

Company and are the result of

extensive research and

development projects carried out

in our ALSTOM T&D test and

research centre.

Impressiveresearch facilities

The following facilities are available

in our test and research centre:

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All components, including those

from outside suppliers,

are assembled in a controlled cleanworkshop environment.

Efficient and flexible

management

To motivate our teams better, each

line of manufacture is structured in

self contained units, each

responsible for its own objectives

for quality, delivery and costs.Powerful computer systems ensure

effective planning and project

coordination.

This kind of management provides

a combination of economical

modern industrial production with

the flexibility required for the

special requirements encountered in

each contract.

Design and manufacturing facilities

Strategic components

manufacturing

The manufacture of all strategiccomponents and specific process

applications are performed inside

our facilities such as :

Insulators in epoxy resin.

Busbar conductors.

Surface treatment of various parts

and components.

Spring operating mechanisms.

The rational layout of the different

workshops in the order ofproduction flow and the automation

of stock, handling and control, all

contribute to improved quality and

reduced delivery times.

Rigorous cleanliness

throughout manufacturing

The dielectric withstand of the GIS,

and its reliability depend on thedegree of cleanliness of the

enclosures and internal parts,

and hence the care used in the

assembly of all components.

Efficient

design offices

ALSTOM T&D continues to makeconsiderable investments in facilities

for the design and development of

new products and components,

including the use of 2D and 3D

Computer Aided Design (CAD),

data management and computer

graphics used in our engineering

design work.

Quality

orientated facilities

The successful manufacturing of gas

insulated substations constantly

demands new and better

technologies, modern production

facilities and efficient

organizational structures. Our

facilities are developed and

reviewed at regular intervals toinclude these requirements to

manage the quality of components

and essential elements of our

products.

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Highest quality

ALSTOM T&D has a long history ofdeveloping, applying and

promoting a Quality Assurance

programme to meet the strictest

requirements (ISO 9001).

The Quality Assurance goals at

ALSTOM T&D can be summarised

as follows:

To guarantee that all our

equipment complies with all theclauses of the contract signed

with the client and are built

according to good trade

practice. To that end, ALSTOM

T&D has always maintained

control over manufacture of every

component, insisting that its

suppliers provide the same

quality levels as its own

workshops.

To ensure that all equipments

give the final user the utmost

satisfaction while offeringcontinuity of service and easy

maintenance, and thus low

operating costs.

Each equipment is subjected to a

complete set of type, routine and

commissioning tests, in compliance

with international standards, and

the reports on those tests are held

available for operators to consult.

Reliability

GIS 's specific features guaranteeproblem-free operation :

Calculations and strict tests are run

at each stage during manufacture,

from design to installation.

Heavy-duty high-performance

circuit-breakers, give high

mechanical and electrical

integrity due to the interrupting

techniques and operatingmechanisms employed.

Disconnecting switches and

earthing switches fulfill the latest

requirements for no load and

busbar switching.

The design of high speed

earthing switches positively

prevents unintentional operation.

Quality and reliability

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Training

Our up to date and well equippedtraining centre facilities provide

knowledge and technique to our

customers, on the installation,

operation and maintenance of

equipment.

In the end, this contributes to the

excellent level of reliability of our

gas insulated switchgear when in

service.

Preventive and corrective

maintenance

Designed for a working life of at

least 30 years, the switchgear

provides long trouble free service

with minimum maintenance.

ALSTOM T&D provides schedulesfor the periodical inspections to be

made on the equipment, and upon

request can perform maintenance

work or other servicing on site.

Easy modification

Substitution, extension, renewal and

uprating of substations are always

possible. Requirements of ageing,power and short-circuit increase,

higher safety, etccan often be

catered for by modification or

uprating.

ALSTOM T&D's staff at your service

Our teams can help the customers,

to cover all aspects of renovation

including cost estimation, design,environmental effect analysis,

maintenance requirements or to

solve problems arising from mixing

old and new equipment.

Long term assistance

The customer's operating staff is

regularly visited by our specialists

who advise on maintenance worksand training.

Spare parts are available for all

types of equipment including the

oldest designs. Long term assistance

contracts can also be established to

secure the immediate and

permanent availability of strategic

spares.

Partnership with

our customers

From project conception through to

commissioning and on to after sales

services, ALSTOM T&D places great

emphasis on long term partnerships

with customers.

A worldwide network of

representatives and technical offices

ensure we maintain local contactand develop partnerships

with customers at all times

throughout the world.

Installation and

commissioning

Due to the nature of the equipment,

on site installation is extremely

important. Supervision of erectionby a ALSTOM T&D specialist is

mandatory. Equipment is delivered

with comprehensive operating and

instruction manuals.

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X/Ralisationtechnique:AtelierHugueniot73490LaRavoire/Subjecttomodificationwithoutnotice

ALSTOM T&D SA, HV Gas Insulated Switchgear, 1, rue Paul Doumer, P.O. Box 601, F-73106 Aix-les-Bains Cedex (France)Tel. +33 (0)4 79 88 79 80, Fax +33 (0)4 79 88 79 39

ALSTOM AG, High Voltage Equipment, Carl-Sprecher-Strasse 3, P.O. Box 186, CH-5036 Oberentfelden (Switzerland)

TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION