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Alternative Energy Alternative Energy OptionsOptions in Pakistanin Pakistan
Energy Situation in PakistanEnergy Situation in Pakistan(From a different Perspective)(From a different Perspective)
Total Population: 170 MillionElectricity Available to: 61%Natural Gas Available to: 21%Diesel Imports 4.5 Million Tonnes (50%)Yet there is extreme shortages of Gas and Electricity leading to load shedding.Pakistan has amongst the worlds highest and fastest rising urbanization. Under 15 population 39%, pointing to spurt rather than gradual increase in energy demandPoor are paying 3-5 time more for their fuel costs than those in the cities,Increase in prices of modern commercial fuel, its lack of availability is forcing the consumer to step down on the energy ladder to biomass.Shift from kerosene use to biomass (down the energy ladder) has exposed women to unclean fuel, hazards of indoor air pollution, and hours of extra work in searching and collecting biomass. Indoor air pollution causes over 110,000 deaths in Pakistan annually.
Alternative EnergyAlternative EnergyRenewable Energy
WindSolar
PhotovoltaicThermal
HydroGeo-Thermal
Alternative Fuels Bio DieselEthanolRefuse Derived Fuel (RDF) – Waste-to-EnergyBiogas
Other Non-Conventional EnergyWaste-to-EnergyWaste Heat Recovery & CogenerationConservation
Why Alternative Energy For Pakistan?Why Alternative Energy For Pakistan?Reduced dependence on Imported Oil:
2008 Oil Import Bill: $11+ Billion 63% of the total Export Earnings for 20082015 Oil Import Bill US $ 38 Billion (ADB Estimate)200% of the National Export Earnings
Economic losses due to energy deficitFor Energy Security - Focus on Domestic ResourcesResource AbundanceRelieves Grid ResourcesLow infrastructure needsCost EffectiveEnvironment Friendly
Carbon Credits ($ 400 Million / yr)Land Degradation ControlledEmployment CreationPoverty Alleviation
Energy Source
Cost/Unit
Waste-to-Energy 5 -7 Cents
Small Hydro 6 – 7 Cents
Wind 12.5 Cents
Solar 21 Cents
RFO (Thermal)
Expensive*
*dependant on fuel oil prices
PakistanPakistan’’s Renewable Energy Potentials Renewable Energy Potential(Summary)(Summary)
Wind: 346,000 MW
Solar: 2.9 Million MW
Small Hydel (upto 50 MW): 4,500 MW
Cogeneration/Biomass/W2E: 4,000 MW
Geothermal: 2,000 MW
Off-Grid Applications: 10,000 MW
Alternate Fuels Large. TBD
Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB)Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB)
Created in 2003. Mandated by the Government of Pakistan tCreated in 2003. Mandated by the Government of Pakistan to:o:--
ImplementImplement policies, programs and projects through private sector in policies, programs and projects through private sector in the field of Alternative Energythe field of Alternative Energy
Assist and Assist and facilitatefacilitate development and generation of Alternative development and generation of Alternative Energy to achieve sustainable economic growthEnergy to achieve sustainable economic growth
EncourageEncourage transfer of technology and develop indigenous transfer of technology and develop indigenous manufacturing base for AE Technologymanufacturing base for AE Technology
PromotePromote provision of energy services that are based on Alternative provision of energy services that are based on Alternative energy resourcesenergy resources
UndertakeUndertake RE projects on commercial scale (AEDB Act 2010)RE projects on commercial scale (AEDB Act 2010)
Renewable Energy Policy of Pakistan
Wind Risk - responsibility of GoPGuaranteed Electricity PurchaseGrid provision is the responsibility of the purchaserAttractive Tariff (17%-18% ROE)Counter Guarantee by the ADB for first few projectsSpecial Incentives by the State bank for upto 10 MW plantsNo Import Duties on EquipmentZero Sales TaxNet MeteringBanking of ElectricityWheeling ProvisionsGrid Spill Over Concept introducedCarbon Credits
Feed in Tarrif proposed under the Policy 2011
Co-financing from European Investment Bank (200 Million) lined up to supplement US $ 510 Million ADB funding. AEDB the implementing agency
Euro 25 Million EU project to reduce poverty through AE projects in NWFP and Baluchistan finalized. AEDB Co-Chair
Organised Technical Assistance Project Preparation by the Provinces (KPK US $ 5.0 Million, Punjab US $ 5.0 Million, Baluchistan & Sindh US $ 1.2 Million.)
Counter Guarantee for the private sector projects organized with the ADB
Funding for the First Public Sector Wind project finalized. Project await approval of the Planning Division
Forum for Business to Business meetings with international donors and bilaterals established
International Cooperation
Wind Resource in Pakistan
350,000 MW potential
50,000 MW in Gharo-Keti
Bandar and Jhampir corridors.
Average Wind Speed 7 + meters / sec
At 60 m height
Sites in Baluchistan, Punjab and Northern Areas being identified.
Gha
ro
Gha
roW
ind
Win
d
Corr
idor
Corr
idor
WIND MEASURING SITES IN SINDH
Current Status of Land Allocation(Summary)
2004 – 2007: Land identified and earmarked to 22 IPP’s (50 MW each). 100% payments made to Sindh Government.
Poor or no documentation gave unlimited rights to the IPP’s. Cancellation of land was an issue.
2008: GoS leased 33,976 acres of land at Khuttikun, Bhambore & Jhimpir : Clear Land: 28,898 Encroached / Litigation on : 5,062Still disputed 4,382
2009: Four sites (Ismail Power / Candy Land; Gatelene Industries; Al-KaramTextile Mills and Hilton Pharma), withdrawn.
Re-allocated to Abbas Steel (100 MW)Reserved for USAID (50 MW)
2010: 13 IPP’s given notices to obtain LOS by 31st Dec-10, or loose their rights to land.
To date - Land for 3 IPP’s remains disputed / encroached / without possession.
Area Where Wind Power
Projects Are Being Executed(Jhimpir)
Gharo
Sites
During
Monsoon
(High
Tide)
Season
Zorlu 6MW operational (Jhampir).
150 MW USAID project with OPIC. SOI Signed November 2010.AEDB completed Feasibility. Implementation Mechanism & GoP Counterpart Agency to be determined.
Fauji Fertilizer (50 MW) Financial Close expected: Jan / Feb 2011
Zorlu Energy (50 MW) Financial Close expected: Jan 2011
Beacon Energy and Green / Tapal Power (Fauji) (100 MW) Financial Close: Mar – Apr 2011
Firm Pipeline:
Now expected Feburary 2011
6 serious (350 MW) fast track projects (ENGRO, BRADFORD, HARTFORD, SUNEC, SABCO, Al-SWEDY) awaiting allocation of land.
Project Status*
Year Financial Close COD
2010 50 MW 6 MW
2011 400 MW 100 MW
2012 150 MW 400 MW
2013 300 MW 150 MW
* Wind project timeline: 47 to 54 Months
Created Enabling Environment:Finalized Grid Code to enable NTDC accept Wind Power
Grid Code Amended. Notified by NEPRA April 2010, making it possible to enter into the Energy / Power Purchase Agreement.
Standardized the Project Documents (PPA / IA / Net metering / Wheeling)NTDC / CPPA / AEDB finalizing standard documents.
Addressed Lender Concerns about Environment Impact AnalysisLender acceptable Generic EIA developed for the region
Streamlined Land Issues:Standardized, legally vetted documentation now in place
Created Lender ConfidenceAddressed Circular debt issue for cautious lenders
Counter Guarantee scheme initiated with ADB
Introduced Alternate Buyer Option:Option of Wheeling and Banking introduced
Regained Lenders Confidence due to standard documents:EOBI offered to invest in 150 MW Wind Farm, if it supports the technology transfer.OPIC, ADB, IFC, IDB issued letter of support to 6 projects
Removing Barriers in Wind Sector
Facilitated Investor:Reduced Lead times and EPC contract from turbine manufacturers:
General Electric, (US / China) ; Nordex (Denmark); Siemens (Germany); Vestas (Denmark/ USA);
Goldwind (China); SUNEC (China); Clipper (USA) – Now Offering 4-6 months delivery periods
with turnkey EPC contract, compared to 26-36 months earlier.
Expanding Wind Corridor
Deh-Khohistan (Jhangri), and Deh Bhaburband (Jamshero) identified as new high wind corridors.
Similar exercise undertaken in other provinces.
Project fast tracked due to proactive participation of Sindh Government
Land issues, particularly law and order issues mostly resolved.
Wind Risk and Production Numbers
Risoe – providing credibility to the Lenders
Encouraged local manufacturing
Under the agreement NORDEX / Descon to produce 20% FFC project locally.
Heavy Industries Taxila to manufacture 20% of all Vestas equipment, with a deletion program to take
it upto 50 % in five years – agreement under negotiation.
Removing Barriers in Wind Sector
Foundation - 60 Tonnes of Steel
Zorlu
Wind
Farm
Jhimpir
Roter – Weights 72 tonnes
Requires 600 Ton Crane –Not Available in Pakistan
PICTURE OF THE WIND BLADES
Blades 72 Meters Wide
HYDRO SECTOR
Hydro PowerHydro Power(Public Sector)(Public Sector)
KhyberPk US $ 77.4 MillionRanolia (11.5 MW)
Daral Khwar (35 MW)
Machai (3.5 MW)
Feasibility Studies 03
Punjab US $ 62.1 MillionUCC Main Lower (4.8 MW)
Deg fall Sheikhpura (5.5 MW)
Pakpattan Canal (3.3 MW)
LBDC Okara (5 MW)
UCCM Marala (11.5 MW)
Feasibility 05
Gilgit Baltistan US $ 51.0 Million26 MW Hydro Power Plant at Shegherthang in Skardu
4 MW Hydro Power Plant at Chilas
Feasibility 30
Hydro PowerHydro Power(Private Sector)(Private Sector)
Punjab US $ 241.4 MillionB.S. Link Canal Olympia Chemical (10.0 MW)Q.B. Link Deen Power (7.71 MW)Jhang Brach Canal Alka Power (3.03 MW)L.B.D.C Alka Power (2.08 MW)C.J. Link Tail Haseeb Khan & Co. (43.0 MW)T.P. Link Canal New park Energy (10.0 MW)B.S. Link 1 New park Energy (9.00 MW)Rasul (Jhelum) Habib Rafiq (20.0 MW)Punjnad (Chenab) Habib Rafiq (20.0 MW)Marala (Chenab) Olympus Energy (20.0 MW)
NWFP US $ 123.48 MillionSammar (28.0 MW)
Batal Khwar (8.10 MW)
Bhimbal (8.10 MW)
Arkari Gol (26.4 MW)
Mastun (8.90 MW)
Lutkho (6.40 MW)
Waste to Waste to EnergyEnergy
Waste To EnergyWaste To Energy27 MW of Biomass / Waste to Energy operational. PPA for 15 MW signed between PESCO and Al-Moiz Industries, D. I. Khan.
7 MW of Biogas / Waste to Energy between FESCO and Shakarganj Sugar Mills, Jhang.
8 New W 2 E Projects (123.8 MW) awarded Generation License; 6 New Applications (147.2 MW) under process.
Pilot Phase of Landhi Cattle Colony Biogas Project completed. Full scale project (48MW plus 1.25 Million CERs) being prepared with ADB Assistance.
US $ 325 K Waste to Energy Study to produce 10 MW power in Karachi in process.
9 RDF / WTE plants are operational/in advanced stages of implementation in Lahore, Karachi, Sheikupura, Faisalabad, Hyderabad, Dera Ghazi Khan and Peshawer
2 Biomass to Energy projects under development: (1) Lumen Energia Pvt Ltd for 11 MW in Punjab; and (2) SSJD group for 12 MW in Sindh
Solar
Solar Energy
On Grid PV3 LoIs (53 MW total) issued3 LoIs (63 MW total) in process
On Grid Solar Concentrator1 LoI (50 MW) issued by Punjab Govt1 LoI (500 MW) being processed
Expected tariff for solar US $ 0.23+ / kWh.
BIO-DIESEL
ECC target: 5% by volume of the total Diesel consumption by the year 2015 and 10% by 2025
Energy plantations for Biodiesel cultivated on 650 acres.
Biodiesel production on a pilot scale initiated with PSO
First Biodiesel refinery (18,000 Tons / annum Capacity) setup at Karachi.
SRO 474(I)/2008 exempts custom duties and sales tax on Biodiesel production equipment and material.
Amendments in OGRA Ordinance for Biofuels pricing notified
AEDB and PARC developing first commercial scale project. Solicitation for this 5000 acre project expected March 2011.
BiodieselBiodiesel
JatrophaJatropha PlantationsPlantations
Company DetailsPakistan State Oil Company Ltd, Karachi
Jatropha nursery established. Jatrophaplantation on 22 acres at Pipri, Karachi.
Arid Zone Research Institute, PARC Bahawalpur
Jatropha nursery established. Jatrophaplantation on 22 acres at Pipri, Karachi.
Biofuel Research Centre Karachi Jatropha nursery established.
Al-Wardah Agro Industries Farm Karachi
Jatropha plantation on 1 acre in Bahawalpur city and 1 acre in Cholistan.
Javed (Pvt.) Ltd Karachi Jatropha nursery established at MirpurSakro.(100,000 saplings ready for plantation)
One Gas (Pvt.) Ltd Lahore Jatropha plantation on 50 acres, Karachi
National University of S&T Undertaking Jatropha plantation on 85 acres near Karachi, out which 29 acres have been completed.
Contract with CIDA Jatropha nursery established. JatrophaPlantation on 2 acres in Bahawalpur.
JatrophaJatropha NurseryNursery
JatrophaJatropha in in SindhSindh
Clusters of Jatropha Fruit
Ripening Jatropha Seed Pods
Bio Diesel PlantBio Diesel Plant
Final ProductFinal Product
OffOff--Grid AE ApplicationsGrid AE Applications
Solar Home Systems
Solar Water Heater
Solar Water Pumping
Clean Drinking Water
Street lights
RE for Businesses
Small and Micro Hydro
Heat pumps
Bio Gas
Off Grid Wind/Solar
Representative OffRepresentative Off--Grid AE ApplicationsGrid AE ApplicationsSolar Home Systems
150 villages electrified (49 AEDB, 30 NRSP, other PCRET, UN and NGOs
Parliamentarian Schem launched
Solar Water Heater2010 sales up by 200%.
Local Manufacturing now available
Solar Water Pumping100 Clean drinking plants being powered by Solar
World Bank supporting project on Agriculture Water Pumping. ZTBL, Punjab and Sindh Government participating.
USAID improving efficiency of 10,000 electric tube well. Solar being considered.
Street lights1000 Solar street lights operations
CDA issued tenders for 80,000 LED based lighting. Considering Solarization
Small and Micro Hydro103 micro hydro projects in Chitral being implemented through NRSP
Project of another 250 plants under development
Bio Gas14000 plants being installed in central punjab by RDN
View of a village provided with solar home systems
45
Outside installationOutside installation
Inside installation
Community center in a village
Light inside community center
Mosque with solar system
After dark view of a house
After dark view of a house After dark view of a house
Children moving around after dark
53
Children activity after darkChildren activity after dark
54
Women doing embroidery after darkWomen doing embroidery after dark
Mobile Charging Facility Introduced
THANK YOU