AMD Athlon 64 FX-55 PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE Mustafa Mirac Kocatürk 2003701293.

AMD Athlon 64 FX-55AMD Athlon 64 FX-55PROCESSOR PROCESSOR

ARCHITECTUREARCHITECTURE

Mustafa Mirac KocatürkMustafa Mirac Kocatürk

20037012932003701293

25.11.200425.11.2004 AMD Athlon 64 FX-55 ArchitectureAMD Athlon 64 FX-55 Architecture 22

OUTLINEOUTLINEAMD Company and Its HistoryAMD Company and Its History

Existing 32-bit systems.Existing 32-bit systems.

New 64-bit technologyNew 64-bit technology

AMD’s Athlon FX ProcessorsAMD’s Athlon FX Processors

New Technologies used in processorsNew Technologies used in processors

Performance ResultsPerformance Results

ConclusionConclusion

ReferencesReferences


Advanced Micro Devices CompanyAdvanced Micro Devices Company

““Innovation driven by real customer needs Innovation driven by real customer needs — ‘— ‘customer-customer- centric innovationcentric innovation’ — is the ’ — is the new path to leadership.” –new path to leadership.” –Hector Ruiz Hector Ruiz


AMD CompanyAMD Company

AMD designs and produces; AMD designs and produces;

Innovative Microprocessors, Innovative Microprocessors,

Flash Memory Devices, Flash Memory Devices,

Low-power Processor SolutionsLow-power Processor Solutions

Silicon-based SolutionsSilicon-based Solutions

Integrated Circuits Integrated Circuits


History of AMD CompanyHistory of AMD Company

1969 – Founded in Sunnyvale,CA with a 1969 – Founded in Sunnyvale,CA with a budget of $100.000budget of $100.000

1970 – First Proprietary Product: Am25011970 – First Proprietary Product: Am2501

1973 – First Overseas Manifacturing in 1973 – First Overseas Manifacturing in MalaysiaMalaysia

1975 – Enters the RAM Market, produces 1975 – Enters the RAM Market, produces Am2900 Family.Am2900 Family.

1987 – AMD merges with Monolithic Inc.1987 – AMD merges with Monolithic Inc.



1991 – Introduces AMD 3861991 – Introduces AMD 386®®

microprocessor familymicroprocessor family1993 - AMD and Fujitsu Establishment1993 - AMD and Fujitsu Establishment1993 – First AMD4861993 – First AMD486®® produced. produced.1997 – Introduces AMD-K61997 – Introduces AMD-K6®® processor. processor.1998 – Collaboration with Motorola.1998 – Collaboration with Motorola.1999 – Introduces AMD Athlon1999 – Introduces AMD AthlonTMTM ProcessorsProcessors



2000 – 1 GHz limit exceeded.2000 – 1 GHz limit exceeded.

2000 – AMD-7602000 – AMD-760TMTM Chipset with DDR Chipset with DDR MemoryMemory

2001 – First Multiprocessor Platform AMD 2001 – First Multiprocessor Platform AMD AthlonAthlonTMTM MP MP

2002 – 0.13 Micron technology emerged2002 – 0.13 Micron technology emerged

2002 – AMD opens AMD Development 2002 – AMD opens AMD Development CenterCenter



Last Year,Last Year,

AMD Opteron processor built on AMD64 AMD Opteron processor built on AMD64 TechnologyTechnology

Launches the AMD AthlonLaunches the AMD AthlonTMTM 64 64 processorsprocessors

Introduces “cinematic computing” with Introduces “cinematic computing” with AMD Athlon 64 FX microprocessors.AMD Athlon 64 FX microprocessors.

Sun and AMD form strategic alliance.Sun and AMD form strategic alliance.


32-bit Computing32-bit Computing

Existing systems use 32-bit computing.Existing systems use 32-bit computing.



In computer architecture, a word is defined In computer architecture, a word is defined as a unit of data that can be addressed as a unit of data that can be addressed and moved between the computer and moved between the computer processor and the storage area.processor and the storage area.In 32-bit computing a word is 32 bits.In 32-bit computing a word is 32 bits.Usually, the defined bit-length of a word is Usually, the defined bit-length of a word is equivalent to the width of the computer's equivalent to the width of the computer's data bus so that a word can be moved in a data bus so that a word can be moved in a single operation from the storage to the single operation from the storage to the processor registersprocessor registers



In a 32-bit microprocessor;In a 32-bit microprocessor;

There are 32-bit general purpose There are 32-bit general purpose registers in the processor.registers in the processor.

There are 2There are 23232 = 4GB memory to be = 4GB memory to be addressed.addressed.



The best and simple definition is The best and simple definition is enhancing the processing word in the enhancing the processing word in the architecture to 64 bits.architecture to 64 bits.

The addressable memory increases from The addressable memory increases from 4 GB to 24 GB to 26464 = 18 billion GB = 18 billion GB

Data processing speed does not change Data processing speed does not change yet the data processed in a clock cycle yet the data processed in a clock cycle increases two times.increases two times.


Is 64-bit Computing necessary?Is 64-bit Computing necessary?




Benefits of 64-bit ComputingBenefits of 64-bit Computing

Allowing applications to store vast amount Allowing applications to store vast amount of data in main memory.of data in main memory.

Allowing complex calculations with a high-Allowing complex calculations with a high-level precision.level precision.

Manipulating data and executing Manipulating data and executing instructions in chunks that are twice as instructions in chunks that are twice as large as in 32-bit computing.large as in 32-bit computing.


32-bit vs. 64-bit Processors32-bit vs. 64-bit Processors


64-bit Registers64-bit Registers


AMD Athlon 64 FX ProcessorsAMD Athlon 64 FX Processors

““The AMD Athlon™ 64 FX processor is the The AMD Athlon™ 64 FX processor is the world’s best PC processor.” -- world’s best PC processor.” -- AMD Inc.AMD Inc.


AMD Athlon 64 FX ProcessorAMD Athlon 64 FX Processor

Key features:Key features:

AMD64 TechnologyAMD64 Technology

HypertransportHypertransportTMTM Technology Technology

DDR Memory ControllerDDR Memory Controller

On-Die CacheOn-Die Cache

3DNow!3DNow!TMTM Technology Technology


AMD Athlon 64 FX ArchitectureAMD Athlon 64 FX Architecture










Overall Features Overall Features


Comparing with IntelComparing with IntelTMTM Pentium Pentium®® 4 4


Performance TestsPerformance Tests

The performance of the processor is The performance of the processor is tested in three different computation tested in three different computation areas.areas.

Computer GamingComputer Gaming

Digital MediaDigital Media

Office ProductivityOffice Productivity


System ConfigurationSystem Configuration


Computer Gaming Performance ResultsComputer Gaming Performance Results


Digital Media Performance ResultsDigital Media Performance Results


Office Productivity Performance ResultsOffice Productivity Performance Results


Overall Performance ResultsOverall Performance Results


ConclusionConclusion

64-bit computing is a necessary technology in 64-bit computing is a necessary technology in the computer science areas which require larger the computer science areas which require larger memory and increased performance such as memory and increased performance such as scientific computing, CAD/CAM, ERP/CRM scientific computing, CAD/CAM, ERP/CRM solutions etc...solutions etc...

With new technologies improved, today AMD With new technologies improved, today AMD Athlon 64 FX – 55 processors have the best Athlon 64 FX – 55 processors have the best potential to fulfill 64-bit desktop computing potential to fulfill 64-bit desktop computing needs.needs.


ReferencesReferences

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. x86-64TM Technology White PaperAdvanced Micro Devices, Inc. x86-64TM Technology White PaperAMD Eighth-Generation Processor Architecture White PaperAMD Eighth-Generation Processor Architecture White PaperAMD Athlon™ 64 FX-55 Processor Competitive Performance GuideAMD Athlon™ 64 FX-55 Processor Competitive Performance Guidehttp://www.hypertransport.org/http://www.hypertransport.org/http://www.http://www.amdamd.com/us-en/.com/us-en/http://www.techtree.com/techtree/jsp/showstory.jsp?storyid=49967&http://www.techtree.com/techtree/jsp/showstory.jsp?storyid=49967&upto=0upto=0http://devresource.hp.com/drc/STK/docs/refs/64what.jsphttp://devresource.hp.com/drc/STK/docs/refs/64what.jsphttp://www.build-your-own-computer-tips.com/64-32-bit-processors.http://www.build-your-own-computer-tips.com/64-32-bit-processors.htmlhtmlhttp://arstechnica.com/cpu/03q1/x86-64/x86-64-1.htmlhttp://arstechnica.com/cpu/03q1/x86-64/x86-64-1.htmlhttp://www.anandtech.com/news/shownews.aspx?i=23209http://www.anandtech.com/news/shownews.aspx?i=23209


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