The Company , Technologies and

Microprocessors

Reber Jahwar MohammedMashhood Ali Ali Ali

• Advanced Micro Devices AMD is an American multinational Semiconductor company based in Sunnyvale , California.

• Develops computer processors and related technologies.• Its main products include microprocessors , motherboards and

graphics.• AMD is the second-largest global supplier of microprocessors based on

the x86 Architecture and also one of the largest suppliers of graphics processing units.

• AMD is the only significant rival to Intel in the central processor (CPU) market Together they held 99.1 percent (Intel 80.3%, AMD 18.8%).

• AMD bought ATI ( Array Technologies Incorporated) in 2006 for $4.3 billion , to be compete Nvidia for producing graphics processor unit (GPU) .

Introduction

• ADM was founded on May 1, 1969 by a group of former executives from Fairchild semiconductor , The company begins as a producer of logic chips.

• In 1975 it introduced Intel 8080 MPs AMD also designed and produced a series of bit-slice processor (Am2900, Am29116, Am293xx) which were used in minicomputer.

• But their success started in the mid-1980s with the AMD7910 and AMD7911 which chosen that year as "World Chip" .

Introduction Cont.

• IBM PC and the x86 architecture ;

In 1982, AMD signed a contract with Intel, becoming second-source manufacturer of 8086/88 processors. because IBM's policy at the time was to require at least two sources so AMD produced Am286 under the same arrangement, but Intel canceled the agreement in 1986 and refused to convey technical details.

• AMD challenged Intel's decision to cancel the agreement and won in arbitration, but Intel disputed this decision.

The War with Intel

Main articles: Am286 , Am386 ,Am486 and Am5×86

• Am286 as mentioned before used in IBM PC with x86 arch.• In 1991, AMD released the Am386 , its clone of the Intel

80386 processor less than a year for the company to sell a million units.

• Later, the Am486 was used by a number of large original equipment manufacturers, including Compaq it was popular that time.

• Am5x86 , continued success as a low-price alternative

Processors ,, earlier

AMD K5, AMD K6, Athlon, Duron, and Sempron

• AMD's first in-house x86 processor was the K5, launched in 1996. The "K" was a reference to Kryptonite numeral "5" refers to the fifth processor generation.

• The K6 processor, introduced in 1997.variants such as K6-3/450 were faster than Intel's Pentium II (sixth generation processor).

• The K7 was AMD's seventh-generation x86 processor, making its debut on 1999, under the brand name Athlon. Unlike previous AMD processors, it could not be used on the same motherboards as Intel's.

• The Duron was a lower-cost and limited version of the Athlon (64KB instead of 256KB L2 cache).

• Sempron was released as a lower-cost Athlon XP.

Processors ,,Later

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