AMERICA Past and Present AMERICA Past and ... - TEST BANK...

TEST BANK

to accompany

Divine • Breen • Fredrickson • Williams • Gross • Brand

AMERICA

Past and Present

Eighth Edition

and

AMERICA

Past and Present

Seventh Brief Edition

and

THE AMERICAN STORY

Third Edition

Tom Wells

Weatherford College

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Test Bank to accompany Divine/Breen/Frederickson/Williams/Gross/Brand, America Past and Present, Eighth

Edition, America Past and Present, Seventh Brief Edition and The American Story, Third Edition

Copyright ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

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ISBN: 0-321-48539-4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10–OPM–09 08 07 06


CONTENTS Preface: About the Version References v

Chapter 1, New World Encounters 1 Chapter 2, New World Experiments: England’s Seventeenth-Century Colonies 19

Chapter 3, Putting Down Roots: Opportunity and Oppression in Colonial Society 37 Chapter 4, Experience of Empire: Eighteenth-Century America 55

Chapter 5, The American Revolution: From Elite Protest to Popular Revolt, 1763–1783 73

Chapter 6, The Republican Experiment 91 Chapter 7, Democracy in Distress: The Violence of Party Politics, 1788–1800 109

Chapter 8, Republican Ascendancy: The Jeffersonian Vision 127 Chapter 9, Nation Building and Nationalism 144

Chapter 10, The Triumph of White Men’s Democracy 162 Chapter 11, Slaves and Masters 179

Chapter 12, The Pursuit of Perfection 197 Chapter 13, An Age of Expansionism 215

Chapter 14, The Sectional Crisis 232 Chapter 15, Secession and the Civil War 250

Chapter 16, The Agony of Reconstruction 267 Chapter 17, The West: Exploiting an Empire 285

Chapter 18, The Industrial Society 302 Chapter 19, Toward an Urban Society, 1877–1900 319

Chapter 20, Political Realignments in the 1890s 336 Chapter 21, Toward Empire 353

Chapter 22, The Progressive Era 370 Chapter 23, From Roosevelt to Wilson in the Age of Progressivism 387

Chapter 24, The Nation at War 403 Chapter 25, Transition to Modern America 420

Chapter 26, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal 437 Chapter 27, America and the World, 1921–1945 455

Chapter 28, The Onset of the Cold War 472


Chapter 29, Affluence and Anxiety 489 Chapter 30, The Turbulent Sixties 507

Chapter 31, To a New Conservatism, 1969–1988 525 Chapter 32, To the Twenty-First Century, 1989–2006 542


PREFACE

About the Version References

This edition of the test bank accompanies America Past

and Present, Eighth Edition, America Past and Present,

Brief Seventh Edition, and American Story, Third Edition.

Instructors will find page references for each of these in the

Version field abbreviated as follows:

America Past and Present, Eighth Edition APP8

America Past and Present, Brief Seventh Edition Br7

The American Story, Third Edition AS3



Chapter 1 New World Encounters

Multiple-Choice Questions

1) The most significant factor that allowed large numbers of nomadic hunters to enter theheart of North America was

A) the domestication of horses.

B) global warming.

C) population growth.

D) the search for new food supplies.

E) the growing diversity of people.

Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 5; Br7: 3; AS3: 3

2) Which of the following revolutionized early Native American cultures?

A) the discovery of hunting

B) the development of agriculture

C) tribal political alliances

D) emergence of a written language

E) the domestication of the horse


3) Cahokia, a large Indian city in what is now Illinois, was built by

A) the Mississippians.

B) the Anasazs.

C) the Adena and Hopewell cultures.

D) the Aztecs.

E) the Comanches.

Answer: ADiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 6; Br7: 3-4; AS3: 5

1


4) The most advanced Native American cultures appeared in which region of North America?

A) Canada

B) Mexico and Central America

C) the Southwest

D) the Mississippi Valley

E) the Southeast


5) The aggressive Native American people who occupied the valley of Mexico when theSpanish arrived were the

A) Mayas.

B) Apaches.

C) Aztecs.

D) Incas.

E) Toltecs.

Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 7; Br7: 4; AS3: 6

6) By the time Europeans arrived, the peoples of central Mexico had each of the followingEXCEPT

A) large cities ruled by effective bureaucracies.

B) tools and weapons made of iron and bronze.

C) hieroglyphic writing.

D) an accurate solar calendar.

E) a religion which involved human sacrifice.


2


7) The Atlantic tribal group with whom the English had the most contact was called

A) Algonquan.

B) Mayan.

C) Apache.

D) Sioux.

E) Cherokee.

Answer: ADiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 8; Br7: 4; AS3: 6

8) The tribes of eastern North America defined their place in society through

A) patricide.

B) monotheism.

C) kinship.

D) intertribal marriages.

E) land ownership.


9) What Indians desired most, upon encountering Europeans, was

A) cultural enlightenment.

B) peaceful trade.

C) religious instruction.

D) allies to help them defeat their enemies.

E) victims for human sacrifice rituals.


3


10) The single greatest factor that caused the destruction of Native Americans after contactwith Europeans was

A) warfare.

B) planned genocide.

C) disease.

D) forced conversions to Christianity.

E) forced removal from tribal lands.


11) In the Columbian Exchange, the Old World and the New exchanged

A) animal, plant, and microbial life forms.

B) technologies.

C) religious beliefs.

D) political systems.

E) scientific theories.


12) Which of the following statements about West Africa during the era of the European slavetrade is true?

A) Africans were quite isolated from the rest of the world.

B) Africans had a simple, self-sufficient economy.

C) A single monolithic culture covered most of the African continent.

D) Muslim missionaries were having some success in making converts there.

E) Africans were united by a single language.

Answer: DDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 11; Br7: 8; AS3: 12

4


13) The first European nation to establish contact with sub-Saharan Africa was

A) France.

B) Italy.

C) the Netherlands.

D) Portugal.

E) Germany.


14) The Portuguese explored West Africa searching for

A) slaves.

B) gold.

C) ancient artifacts.

D) both A and B

E) both B and C


15) All of the following contributed to the rise of nation-states in Europe in the fifteenthcentury EXCEPT

A) population growth.

B) a general prosperity.

C) the centralization of political authority under a monarchy.

D) feudalism.

E) the effects of the Renaissance.

Answer: DDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 16; Br7: 10; AS3: 15-16

5


16) Columbus originally was determined to prove that

A) a westward water route to China existed.

B) the world was not flat.

C) the continents of North and South America existed.

D) the lost continent of Atlantis was actually part of South America.

E) the world was smaller than scientists believed at the time.


17) At the time of Columbusʹs first voyage in 1492,

A) most educated Europeans believed the earth was flat.

B) no European nation had any interest in exploration.

C) most educated Europeans did not believe the earth was flat.

D) no one thought he would find anything.

E) the Catholic Church condemned this kind of exploration.


18) The Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494 resulted in

A) war between Spain and Portugal.

B) Portuguese control of Brazil.

C) English control of Canada.

D) French control of Martinique.

E) the withdrawal of the Spanish from the New World.


19) The men largely responsible for Spainʹs conquest of the New World were known as

A) los conquistadores.

B) coureurs de bois.

C) ʺSea Dogs.ʺ

D) condottiere.

E) comerciante.

Answer: ADiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 19-20; Br7: 11; AS3: 18-19

6


20) The conquistador of Mexico was

A) Bernal Diaz del Castillo.

B) Hernan Cortes.

C) Vasco de Gama.

D) Hernando de Soto.

E) Christopher Columbus.

Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 20; Br7: 12; AS3: 19-20

21) In order to better control the conquistadores in the New World, the Spanish governmentcreated

A) the Inquisition.

B) the hacienda.

C) the encomienda.

D) the missions.

E) colonial governments.


22) Most Spanish colonists were

A) wealthy families.

B) more racially tolerant than their English counterparts.

C) unconcerned about economic opportunities.

D) unwilling to have contact with native groups.

E) incredibly racist.


7


23) From the beginning of colonization, Spain regarded her New World domain as primarily

A) a source of precious metal.

B) a place to send exiled Moors and Jews.

C) an opportunity to further promote the Catholic faith.

D) a supplier of cheap Native American labor to be used on Spanish estates.

E) a place to establish penal colonies.


24) Which of the following terms is CORRECTLY matched with a definition?

A) encomenderoa Spaniard who controlled Native American labor

B) mestizoan individual of mixed Native American and African ancestry

C) criolloa person of Spanish parentage who was born in Spain

D) peninsularea person of Spanish parentage who was born in the New World

E) mulattoan individual of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry

Answer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 21; Br7: ns; AS3: ns

25) Spain became the number-one power in the world during the sixteenth century because

A) the Pope favored Spainʹs efforts.

B) of the vast amounts of gold and silver it imported from the New World

C) Spain had extensive natural resources and many deep water ports.

D) the people had lived in peace and tranquility for centuries.

E) the Spanish were the best shipbuilders of the day.

Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 21-22; Br7: 14; AS3: 22

26) The first French explorers were

A) interested in finding the mythical ʺnorthwest passageʺ to China.

B) determined to find gold and silver.

C) eager to Christianize the Native Americans.

D) ruthless and exploitive of the native peoples.

E) considered stupid by the Native Americans.


8


27) In their relations with the Native Americans, the French

A) were as obsessed with Christian conversion as the Spanish.

B) tended to cultivate good relations because of the Native Americansʹ knowledge of furtrapping.

C) were ruthless in their treatment of the Native Americans.

D) drove them from their land in order to set up plantations.

E) were at a distinct disadvantage.


28) The financial success of the French empire in North America depended upon the

A) fur trade.

B) complete annihilation of the Native American tribes in Canada.

C) discovery of huge amounts of gold.

D) Armada.

E) withdrawal of the Spanish.


29) The Frenchmen who travelled deep into the North American interior in search of furs wereknown as

A) encomenderos.

B) coureurs de bois.

C) mulattos.

D) conquistadores.

E) envahir.

Answer: BDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 22; Br7: ns; AS3: 22

9


30) Geographically, the French claimed and settled

A) the Southwest.

B) the Atlantic seaboard.

C) the Mississippi Valley and Canada.

D) Brazil.

E) the Southeast.

Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 22; Br7: 14; AS3: 22-23

31) Which of the following is NOT related to the French experience in the New World?

A) the fur trade

B) Samuel de Champlain

C) encomiendas

D) coureurs de bois

E) lack of royal support for colonizing efforts

Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 22; Br7: 12; AS3: 20-23

32) Whose voyages established English claims in North America?

A) Richard Hakluyt

B) Sir Walter Raleigh

C) John Cabot

D) Henry VII

E) Jacques Cartier


10


33) What sixteenth-century European upheaval had a profound impact upon Englandʹssettlement of the New World?

A) the Crusades

B) the War of the Roses

C) the Reformation

D) the Hundred Yearsʹ War

E) the experience of the Marian exiles

Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 15; Br7: 15-17; AS3: 24-26

34) All of the following provided a basis for the Reformation in England EXCEPT

A) popular disaffection for the Catholic Church.

B) intense anticlericalism.

C) a literate and devout clergy.

D) Henry VIIIʹs desire for total control of state and church.

E) resentment of paying money to Rome.

Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 23; Br7: 15-16; AS3: ns

35) The first Bible written in English was published in

A) 1520.

B) 1529.

C) 1530.

D) 1539.

E) 1540.


11


36) After the death of Henry VIII,

A) his son ruled wisely and fairly.

B) militant Protestants pushed for further reforms.

C) Mary Tudor continued leading the Reformation.

D) little change occurred for the people.

E) there were no Catholics in England.


37) Elizabeth I was the daughter of Henry VIII and

A) Catherine of Aragon

B) Jane Seymour.

C) Elizabeth of York.

D) Lady Jane Grey.

E) Anne Boleyn.

Answer: EDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 23; Br7: 16; AS3: 24

38) Which of the following individuals was responsible for starting the Protestant Revolt inEurope?

A) Henry Tudor

B) Martin Luther

C) John Calvin

D) John Foxe

E) Elizabeth I


12


39) The most influential early Protestant thinker was

A) Henry VIII.

B) Oliver Cromwell.

C) John Calvin.

D) Mary Tudor.

E) Elizabeth I.


40) According to the religious philosophy of John Calvin and his followers,

A) women and men were saved by a combination of faith and works.

B) humans had total control over their destinies.

C) God controlled who would receive salvation.

D) humans should accept their faith and merely exist on earth.

E) Hell did not exist.


41) Calvinists in Scotland founded the

A) Lutheran Church.

B) Methodist Church.

C) Presbyterian Church.

D) Baptist Church.

E) Unitarian Church.

Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 25; Br7: ns; AS3: 25

13


42) The English monarch responsible for consolidating the Protestant Reformation andrestoring English nationalism was

A) Henry VII.

B) Henry VIII.

C) Elizabeth I.

D) Mary Tudor.

E) James I.

Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 25; Br7: 16-17; AS3: 25-26

43) The mission of the Spanish Armada was to

A) suppress a revolt in the Netherlands

B) defend Queen Elizabeth I of England against challenges to her rule

C) eliminate Queen Elizabeth I and make England a Catholic country

D) replace Queen Elizabeth I with Mary Queen of Scots

E) get revenge against the English for their seizure of Spanish treasure galleons


44) The English rehearsed for settlement in the New World by colonizing

A) Scotland.

B) Jamaica.

C) Ireland.

D) Wales.

E) the Virgin Islands.


14


45) English settlers in Ireland justified their harsh treatment of the Irish by alleging that they

A) were subhuman savages.

B) were Roman Catholics.

C) had failed to build towns or properly care for the land.

D) had tried to aid the Spanish in invading England.

E) had taken Ireland away from the English centuries earlier.

Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 26; Br7: 17; AS3: ns

46) The first colonization efforts undertaken by the English in the New World were largely theschemes of

A) the Crown.

B) private individuals.

C) Italians acting on behalf of the English monarch.

D) Parliament.

E) fleeing Catholics.


47) In the 1580s, the English attempted to make a settlement at

A) Jamestown.

B) Newfoundland.

C) Roanoke.

D) Plymouth.

E) Hatteras.

Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 27-28; Br7: 18; AS3: 27

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48) The sponsor of the failed Roanoke colony was

A) Walter Raleigh.

B) Francis Drake.

C) Humphrey Gilbert.

D) Richard Hakluyt.

E) Richard Grenville.


49) Who developed strong arguments for Englandʹs continued efforts at colonizing the NewWorld, despite early failures?

A) Humphrey Gilbert

B) Walter Raleigh

C) Richard Hakluyt

D) Francis Drake

E) Arthur Barlow


50) Which of the following countries is incorrectly matched with one of its colonies?

A) FranceCanada

B) PortugalBrazil

C) SpainPuerto Rico

D) EnglandCuba

E) Spain-Mexico


True/False Questions

1) The cultures of the different groups of Native Americans in North America wereremarkably similar.

Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 8, Br7: 5; AS3: 7

16


2) When Spanish soldiers first encountered the Aztec community in the Valley of Mexico, theywere astonished at its sophistication.

Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 7

3) Native American women were more likely than men to join Christian churches during thecolonial period.

Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 10; Br7: 6; AS3: 10

4) African and Native American cultures had little in common.

Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 12; Br7: 9: AS3:13

5) No diseases native to the New World affected European society as a result of explorationand colonization.

Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP12; Br7: 9; AS3: 13

6) More Africans than Europeans came to the Americas in the seventeenth century.

Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 13; Br7: 9; AS3:13

7) Christopher Columbus was probably the first European to set foot in the New World.


8) The Spanish Armada established Spainʹs dominance in the New World.


9) For Spain, the American colonies were a source of great economic wealth.

Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 20; Br7: 12; AS3: 20

17


10) The English treated their Irish subjects as equals.

Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 18; Br7: 17

Essay Questions

1) Compare the cultures that could be found in the New World prior to the Europeans. Whywere some groups more advanced than others throughout the same region?Diff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 4-9; Br7: 2-6; AS3: 2-8

2) Describe the process by which early Portuguese traders acquired slaves in West Africa.Diff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 12-13; BR7: 9-10; AS3: 13-14

3) Describe the social, economic, and political changes which occurred in Europe and led toexploration and colonization of the New World.Diff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 16-18; BR7: 10-11; AS3: 14-17

4) Why did England colonize the New World later than the rest of Europe? What political andreligious conditions had created a century of conflict in England? What factors finallypushed the English west, across the ocean?Diff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 23-26; Br7: 14-17; AS3: 23-26

5) Compare the experience of the French, Spanish, and English in colonizing the New World.What common perception of the region did they share? Discuss the differences in theirrelationship with Native Americans.Diff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 18-28; Br7: 11-20; AS3: 17-28

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Chapter 2 New World Experiments:Englandʹs Seventeenth-Century Colonies

Multiple-Choice Questions

1) English settlers in seventeenth-century America could be characterized best in terms oftheir

A) striking social diversity.

B) similarity to French and Spanish migrants of the same period.

C) unity of purpose and motivation.

D) desire to help each other.

E) homogeneity.


2) Which one of the following was NOT a factor that stimulated English migration to the NewWorld?

A) religious disagreements in England

B) poverty or the fear of falling into poverty

C) a desire for land ownership

D) government laws that forced the migration of the poorer classes

E) rapid population growth

Answer: DDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 34; Br7: 23; AS3: 31-32

3) Upon arriving in the New World, English settlers

A) quickly abandoned English beliefs and values.

B) generally adapted old beliefs to the new environment.

C) rarely were forced to significantly change their old English ways.

D) usually adopted the customs of the local Indian tribes as a way to survive.

E) immediately focused on converting the Native Americans.

Answer: BDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 35; Br7: 23; AS3: ns

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4) To resolve the problem of the vast expenses New World settlement required, Englishmerchant-capitalists introduced the concept of

A) proprietorship.

B) primogeniture.

C) the joint-stock company.

D) feudalism.

E) mercantilism.


5) The joint-stock company

A) required large capital investment.

B) promised immense wealth to investors.

C) encouraged investment in colonial enterprises, with ʺlimited liabilityʺ for theinvestors.

D) was not required to obtain a royal charter.

E) proved to be a failure in providing capital for colonization.

Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 35-36; Br7: 23; AS3: 33

6) The selection of a site for Jamestown was primarily based on the settlersʹ

A) fear of surprise attacks.

B) desire for a healthful place to live.

C) belief that friendly Indians lived nearby.

D) need for close proximity to the open ocean.

E) fear of diseases in the swamps.


20


7) The labor system of Jamestown in its early years

A) provided indications of the laziness of settlers there.

B) replicated the traditional work experience of the settlers.

C) was highly organized and efficient.

D) relied heavily on African slaves.

E) was the basis for later sharecropping systems.

Answer: BDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 36; Br7: ns; AS3: ns

8) The ________ Company was responsible for the settlement of Jamestown in Virginia.

A) New England

B) Royal African

C) Virginia

D) American

E) New World


9) Jamestown might have gone the way of Roanoke had it not been for the perseverance of

A) John Winthrop.

B) Captain John Smith.

C) Pocahontas.

D) Richard Hakluyt.

E) Cotton Mather.


10) The first three years of Jamestownʹs history witnessed

A) terrible hardship and suffering.

B) the discovery of gold and silver.

C) successful attempts at growing many profitable crops.

D) the establishment of a representative form of government.

E) the erection of the first Christian church in North America.


21


11) Jamestownʹs prosperity was ensured by

A) the discovery of gold.

B) the development of fur trading.

C) royal financial support.

D) tobacco cultivation.

E) potato cultivation.


12) The man who taught Virginians how to grow tobacco was

A) Captain John Smith.

B) Powhatan.

C) John Rolfe.

D) Sir Edwin Sandys.

E) the Duke of Marlboro.


13) The attitude of King James I toward tobacco

A) demonstrated his concern for the health of his people.

B) showed that, in the end, he valued revenue more than good health.

C) changed very little during the course of his reign.

D) was strongly influenced by his own habit of smoking.

E) was influenced by its religious usage.

Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 39; Br7: 25; AS3: ns

14) After 1618, the Virginia Companyʹs principal means of attracting new settlers was

A) the granting of religious freedom.

B) liberal suffrage requirements.

C) a system of land grants.

D) payment of passage by the company.

E) impressment.

Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 39; Br7: 25-26; AS3: 37

22


15) Under the ʺheadrightʺ system in Virginia,

A) every adult male could vote.

B) every child was guaranteed a primary education.

C) all new arrivals who had paid their trans-Atlantic fares received fifty-acre landgrants.

D) new immigrants were guaranteed a yearʹs provisions.

E) every new settler was entitled to one slave.


16) Indentured servants

A) were working off the cost of their passage to America.

B) all served the same number of years regardless of age or experience.

C) had no more legal rights than slaves.

D) received grants of land when their terms were up.

E) usually lived long enough to complete their terms of service.


17) Those who migrated to the Chesapeake Bay area as indentured servants were

A) usually from the dregs of English society.

B) English farmers who saw a better future in the New World.

C) normally single, lower-class males in their teens or early twenties.

D) married individuals who came with their families.

E) generally convicted criminals who traded jail time in England for indentures.


23


18) After 1618, the Virginia colonists were allowed to elect a representative assembly known asthe

A) House of Burgesses.

B) House of Commons.

C) House of Representatives.

D) House of Delegates.

E) General Court.


19) In 1622, the Native American tribes of Virginia

A) attacked the English settlements.

B) formed an alliance with the Native American tribes of New England.

C) established permanently good relations with the English settlers.

D) learned from the English settlers how to grow tobacco.

E) migrated westward to avoid future contact with settlers.


20) In 1624, Virginia became

A) an independent commonwealth.

B) a proprietary colony.

C) a royal colony.

D) part of Maryland.

E) the primary destination for female settlers.


24


21) The most important institution of local government in colonial Virginia was the

A) parish vestry.

B) Anglican church.

C) county court.

D) House of Burgesses.

E) Virginia Company board of directors.


22) The first capital of colonial Maryland was

A) Annapolis.

B) Jamestown.

C) Baltimore.

D) St. Maryʹs City.

E) Williamsburg.


23) The individual largely responsible for Marylandʹs settlement was

A) Sir George Calvert.

B) William Penn.

C) Sir Edwin Penn.

D) Richard Hakluyt.

E) Sir Walter Raleigh.


24) Initially, Lord Baltimore intended that Maryland be a haven for

A) Quakers.

B) Puritans.

C) Catholics.

D) Baptists.

E) Separatists.


25


25) Lord Baltimoreʹs settlement in Maryland

A) became a successful feudal outpost in America.

B) declared war on Virginia in 1639.

C) never succeeded in becoming a feudal society.

D) became a haven for persecuted Protestants.

E) was a total failure.


26) Unlike their southern counterparts, the first Englishmen who established colonies in NewEngland were

A) in search of land and riches.

B) religious refugees.

C) Catholic missionaries.

D) wealthy aristocrats, hoping to establish a feudal system in America.

E) commercial traders.

Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 44; Br7: 28-29; AS3: 41-43

27) The Pilgrims, who left Holland to settle in America,

A) were non-Separatists.

B) did so because they believed that their way of life was being undermined by the waysof their Dutch hosts.

C) had few alternatives because they were being harassed by the Dutch government.

D) arrived in Virginia, even though their destination was Massachusetts Bay.

E) were Catholic radicals.


26


28) The document in which the Pilgrims established a civil government for their Plymouthcolony has become known as the

A) Bill of Rights.

B) Mayflower Compact.

C) Statement of Principles.

D) Cambridge Agreement.

E) Plymouth Agreement.


29) Seventeenth-century English Puritans

A) were only a tiny minority of all Englishmen.

B) were individuals committed to significant institutional change.

C) were firmly supportive of the status quo.

D) accepted the tenets of Catholicism with only a few reservations.

E) were neurotic and self-righteous.


30) King Charles I disbanded Parliament in 1629 because he could not deal with intensecriticism from the

A) Puritans.

B) Baptists.

C) Catholics.

D) Anglicans.

E) Presbyterians.


27


31) The Puritans of Massachusetts Bay believed that the best way to reform the Church ofEngland was to

A) separate from it and reform it from the outside.

B) rely on help from the English monarchy.

C) remain in the Church and reform it from the inside.

D) refuse to associate with it in any way.

E) actively work to destroy the tenets with which they disagreed.

Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 44; Br7: 29; AS3: ns

32) In Massachusetts Bay, ʺfreeman statusʺ was granted to adult males who

A) were church members.

B) were no longer indentured servants.

C) owned land.

D) agreed to abide by the colonyʹs legal codes.

E) were married.


33) Because of its policy of religious toleration, ________ attracted unusual numbers ofindependent-minded people.

A) Maryland

B) Connecticut

C) Pennsylvania

D) New York

E) Rhode Island


28


34) In 1636, authorities in Massachusetts Bay banished Roger Williams because

A) of his conversion to Roman Catholicism.

B) of his bitter hostility toward the Native Americans.

C) of his defense of Native American rights and demand for separation of church andstate.

D) of his desire to launch a new colony in Connecticut.

E) of his crass pursuit of profit.


35) Puritan dissenter Roger Williams established the colony of

A) New York.

B) Connecticut.

C) Rhode Island.

D) Maryland.

E) New Jersey.


36) Anne Hutchinsonʹs skillful self-defense at her trial before the magistrates of MassachusettsBay was ruined by

A) her affinity for the dictum of works.

B) her claim of personal revelation.

C) her reliance on the Scriptures.

D) her rejection of free grace.

E) the fact that she was female.


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37) The English takeover of New Netherland (which was subsequently renamed New York)

A) had little immediate effect on the colony.

B) was followed by the expulsion of the Dutch.

C) led to the prompt creation of a legislature.

D) met with armed resistance by the Dutch.

E) sparked a war between the English and the Dutch.


38) Seventeenth-century Quakers were known for their

A) aggressive and overbearing personalities.

B) belief in personal humility and pacifism.

C) concept of predestination.

D) unwillingness to seek the conversion of other individuals to their faith.

E) belief in the necessity of an educated clergy.


39) William Penn guaranteed the commercial success of Philadelphia by purchasing

A) Delaware.

B) Maryland.

C) Connecticut.

D) New Jersey.

E) New Hampshire.

Answer: ADiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 54; Br7: 35; AS3: 53-54

40) The colony of New Jerseyʹs main liability was

A) its Catholic proprietors.

B) lack of a good harbor.

C) lack of land.

D) its rugged, mountainous terrain.

E) diverse population.

Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 53; Br7: ns; AS3: ns

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41) The man most responsible for the survival of Carolina was

A) James Oglethorpe.

B) John Winthrop.

C) Captain John Smith.

D) William Penn.

E) Anthony Ashley Cooper.


42) Large numbers of the first English settlers in the Carolinas came from

A) Ireland.

B) Barbados.

C) Rhode Island.

D) Jamaica.

E) the Virgin Islands.


43) The main staple of the Carolina coloniesʹ economy by the close of the seventeenth centurywas

A) rice.

B) cotton.

C) tobacco.

D) timber.

E) indigo.


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44) The colony of Pennsylvania was established as a religious sanctuary for

A) Puritans.

B) Catholics.

C) Baptists.

D) Quakers.

E) Presbyterians.


45) To its founding leaders, ________ would be a ʺCity on a Hill.ʺ

A) Massachusetts

B) Rhode Island

C) Connecticut

D) Maryland

E) Pennsylvania


46) Which one of the following individuals is INCORRECTLY associated with the colony heestablished?

A) John SmithVirginia

B) George CalvertPennsylvania

C) Roger WilliamsRhode Island

D) John WinthropMassachusetts

E) Sir George CarteretNew Jersey

Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 37-56; Br7: 25-35; AS3: 35-54

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47) A feudal land system was associated with which one of the following colonies?

A) Plymouth

B) Rhode Island

C) New Jersey

D) Massachusetts

E) Maryland

Answer: EDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 44; Br7: 27; AS3: 41-42

48) In which one of the following were religious reasons the least important in explaining thefounding of that colony?

A) Massachusetts

B) Rhode Island

C) Maryland

D) Virginia

E) Pennsylvania


49) In which one of the following colonies was the death rate for the early colonists the mostsevere?

A) Massachusetts

B) New York

C) Rhode Island

D) Virginia

E) Pennsylvania


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50) Which of the following was a New England colony?

A) South Carolina

B) Connecticut

C) New Jersey

D) Maryland

E) Pennsylvania

Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 50; Br7: ns; AS3: 48

True/False Questions

1) The only major factor behind the migration of thousands of English men and women to theNew World was the intense and greedy desire for money.

Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 34; Br7: 22-23; AS3: 31

2) Between 1580 and 1650, the population of England increased from 3.5 million to more than5 million people.

Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 34; Br7: 23; AS3: 31-32

3) The lives of New Englanders differed considerably from those of their Chesapeakecounterparts.

Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 35; Br7: 23; AS3: ns

4) Because of New Yorkʹs ethnic diversity, the English cautiously asserted their hegemonyover the area.


5) William Penn went to great lengths to make Pennsylvania into an efficient and prosperouscolony.


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6) From its very inception, the Jamestown colony was a success.

Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 40: Br7: 24; AS3: 34

7) The Puritans were a highly neurotic religious group that condemned liquor and sex.

Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 43; Br7: ns; AS3: 43

8) The Fundamental Orders were the blueprint for government in colonial Connecticut.


9) The Dutch were the first to establish a colony in Maryland.


Essay Questions

1) Describe the nature of Englandʹs first colonial settlement, Jamestown, as it evolved from afloundering, haphazard enterprise to a stable community.Diff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 38-40; Br7: 25-26; AS3: 37-40

2) Compare and contrast the English colonies of the Chesapeake with their counterparts atMassachusetts Bay. What were their similarities and their differences?Diff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 35-48; Br7: 23-32; AS3: 33-46

3) Describe the Puritans. What were their beliefs? Why did they leave England forMassachusetts Bay? What did they hope to accomplish in the New World? How did thedynamics of their faith affect their New World existence?Diff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 34-47; Br7: 29-33; AS3: 32-41

4) Explain how the economies and social structures of New England, the Chesapeake, and themiddle colonies differed from one another.Diff: 1Page Ref: APP8: 35-55; Br7: 23-36; AS3: 33-49

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5) In what ways was Pennsylvania unique in colonial America? What role did religion play inexplaining that uniqueness?Diff: 2Page Ref: APP8: 53-55; Br7: AS3: 52-55

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