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American Cit. Chapter 6 Voters and Voter Behavior. Section 1. The right to vote. The History of Voting Rights. Suffrage The right to vote (AKA Franchise ) Expansion of the Electorate The U.S. electorate includes some 210 million citizens potential voting population - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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American Cit. Chapter 6 Voters and Voter Behavior
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Page 1: American Cit.

American Cit.

Chapter 6Voters and Voter Behavior

Page 2: American Cit.

Section 1

The right to vote

Page 3: American Cit.

The History of Voting Rights

Suffrage The right to vote (AKA Franchise)

Expansion of the Electorate The U.S. electorate includes some

210 million citizens potential voting population

originally a state power, however progressively a federal power

Page 4: American Cit.

The History of Voting Rights (Con’t)

extending suffrage: Five Stages first stage: Early 1800’s

religious, ownership, tax payments banned second stage: 1870

15th amendment all races allowed to vote Third stage: 1920

19th amendment gave women suffrage Fourth stage: 1960’s

voting Rights Act of 1965 removed any remaining barriers to African American suffrage

Fifth stage lower voting age to 18 yrs. Old

Page 5: American Cit.

The Power to set voting Qualifications

Still state power, however it can not be unconstitutional

Page 6: American Cit.

Section 2

Voter qualification

Page 7: American Cit.

Universal Requirements Citizenship

Most require you to be an American citizen Residence

Must be a permanent resident of the state you vote in

Most states do not set a requirement time period today

Transients generally can not vote in new state

person living in the state for only a short time Age

Until 26th amendment, states varied with age from 21 to 18

Page 8: American Cit.

Other Qualifications Registration

A procedure of voter identification intended to prevent transient voting

Purging removing individuals who are not longer eligible

to vote Poll Books

the lists of all registered voters in each precincts Fight over how to stream-line it and avoid

fraud

Page 9: American Cit.

Other Qualifications (Con’t)

Literacy A person’s ability to read or write No longer required, however it was used to

discourage African-American slaves forced creation of “Grandfather Clause”

Tax payment demanded payment of a special tax called a Poll

Tax However found unconstitutional

Persons denied the vote declared mentally incompetent felons

Page 10: American Cit.

Section 3

Suffrage and Civil Rights

Page 11: American Cit.

Fifteenth Amendment

Gave nearly all slaves the right to vote

However the right was still denied for nearly 90 years

Violence used to persuade Literacy test Gerrymandering

drawing of electoral district lines Democrats continually denied blacks into

primary’s in the South

Page 12: American Cit.

Early Civil Rights Legislation

Civil Rights Act of 1957 Inquired into claims of voter

discrimination Civil Rights Act of 1960

Allowed federal voting referees

Page 13: American Cit.

The Civil rights Act of 1964

Forbid voter registration or literacy in an unfair or discriminatory manner

Use judicial branch to determine discrimination

Used injunctions court order that forces or restrains

certain actions by public or private officials

Page 14: American Cit.

The Voting Rights Act of 1965

Applied to all elections and cemented 15th amendment

Preclearance Approval by the Department of Justice

Amendments to the Act Requirement to language 10,000 or more, minority

Page 15: American Cit.

African Americans at the Polls

Chapter 6, Section 3Chapter 6, Section 322 4411

Page 16: American Cit.

Section 4

Voter Behavior

Page 17: American Cit.

Nonvoters

The word idiot is Greek and it means citizens who do not vote

Page 18: American Cit.

The Size of the Problem

Off-year elections Congressional elections held in the

even-numbered years between presidential elections

Many choose not to vote due to “voting fatigue”

Presidential elections most voter population and participation

Page 19: American Cit.

Why People do not vote Cannot voters

Resident aliens are denied access to vote

Disabled Actual voters

Convinced there is no purpose Political efficacy

lack any sense of their own influence or effectiveness in politics

they feel popular sovereignty is no longer alive

Page 20: American Cit.

Why People do not vote (Con’t)

Factors affecting voters Mostly lack of interest

Comparing voters and nonvoters Voters tend to have higher income,

education, and occupational status Unvoters are generally younger than

35, unmarried and unskilled However multiple factors affect it.

Page 21: American Cit.

Voters and voting Behavior

Studying voting behavior Political socialization

the process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions

Gender, Age gender gap

measurable difference between the partisan choices of men and women

Men more likely GOP and women more likely Democrat

Younger people more likely vote Democrat and older people more likely vote GOP

Page 22: American Cit.

Voters and voting Behavior (Con’t)

Religious, Ethnic Background Protestants more likely vote GOP Catholics and Jews tend to vote Democrat FDR’s New Deal and LBJ’s Civil Rights Acts of

the 1960’s moved majority of African-American votes to Democrats

Latino’s are more unpredictable Geography

GOP has drawn good support from the South, and Democrats to the North

Democrats tend to get the bigger cities, while GOP draws the rural areas of the country

Family and Other Groups 9/10 married couples vote the same way

Page 23: American Cit.

Psychological Factors Voters perceptions of politics Party Identification

Loyalty to Political Party Straight Ticket Voting

The practice of voting for candidates of only one party in an election

Weakened over the years as evident by more split-ticket voting also the rise of people who consider themselves

independent Candidates and Issues

Exit polls greatly reveal the role of the Candidates character and their stance on issues, in determining their electorate

Page 24: American Cit.

Sociological Factors

Income andOccupation

Education Gender and Age

Religious andEthnic Background

Geography Family and OtherGroups

Voter preferences can’t be predicted by just one sociological factor. Voter opinion is a

combination of all of these factors and more.

Chapter 6, Section 4Chapter 6, Section 422 3311


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