Colonizing AmericaAmerican History

Given instructional sources, the student will demonstrate understanding of English colonization by completing an organizer and creating a map

Given primary sources, the student will demonstrate understanding of English motivations and actions in colonization by analyzing and comparing documents

Objective

John Cabot goes to North America

John Cabot made one journey to North America. He disappeared without a trace on his second voyage

You may use your textbook pp. 24-33 to find the information you Need to complete this book

Complete this foldable to highlight the different motivations . For each, students should list specific examples, including individual colonies, or the actions of a specific leader or group

Reasons for English Colonization

Vast Empire, vast Wealth

This is but a tiny fraction of what Spain brought back home from America

Main Ideas:

Heading: England Returns to America

England had its own explorer, John Cabot, who discovered North America in 1498 but he was lost at sea

England did nothing with this discovery for another 80 years

Hoping to share in the lucrative trade with Asia, English merchants began financing their own explorations for a route to Asia around North America

There was also the war between Protestant England and Catholic Spain – it seemed a good idea to have outposts in America to aid in that struggle

England tried to set up colonies twice but failed

England Returns to America

Primary SourceAnalyzing Visuals Open your book to page 25 Look at and analyze the visual and answer

the following questions How did England’s rivalry with Spain drive

the nation to establish new colonies in North America?

Why did religious groups found colonies? What did the enclosure movement have to

do with establishing colonies?

The Enclosure Movement was a push in the 18th and 19th centuries to take land that had formerly been owned in common by all members of a village, or at least available to the public for grazing animals and growing food, and change it to privately owned land, usually with walls, fences or hedges around it.

http://www.celdf.org/article.php?id=638

Main Ideas:

Heading: A Sampling of Colonies

The first successful English colony began in 1607 in Virginia along the James River at a place they named Jamestown after the king

The colonists at Jamestown did not really know what they were doing and had a very hard time of it

They didn’t really get along well with the local Indians either – stealing food will do that

The colony was almost wiped out because of starvation in only its third year

If it were not for the discovery of tobacco as a cash crop, the colony probably would not have succeeded.

Virginia was the first colony to establish a representative assembly in 1619

Virginia was also the first to use Africans to do the field work on the tobacco plantations starting in 1619

The Chesapeake Colony

Building Jamestown

Building the fort was about the only useful thing the “gentlemen” of Jamestown accomplished

Unfortunately, the colonists constructed their fort on marshy ground – mosquito breeding ground, ripe for disease

The people who settled the Plymouth colony were completely different from the “gentlemen” who settled Jamestown

The Plymouth colony was founded by Pilgrims seeking religious freedom

The Pilgrims were supposed to go to Virginia but ended up some 300 miles further north

The Plymouth colonists were blessed by the presence of an Indian who spoke English and taught them how to hunt, fish and plant corn

The Pilgrims had excellent relations with the Indians – coexisting with them, paying them for their land – they lived their Christian ideals

The Plymouth Colony

The Puritans were also Protestant like the Pilgrims, they hated Catholicism and wanted to purify the Church of England

When the King of England chose to persecute them at the same time as a depression hit England, the Puritans decided to emigrate

America offered the ideal place to start over and establish their version of Heaven on earth

Some 20,000 Puritans emigrated to America in a 13 year span – the Great Migration

The Puritans had one man in charge for some years but then ended up with a representative assembly

Although the Puritans separated Church and State, the State did legislate morality according to Church ideals

The Puritans did not tolerate dissent. They ostracized or banished those who did not toe the line

The Massachusetts Bay Colony

Analyzing Geography Open your book to page 32 Examine the map and the insets Answer the following questions Why were the earliest settlements on the

coast? Which colony was founded as a haven for

debtors? Why was Connecticut founded?

Assignment

Chesapeake Colony New England Colonies

You will fill out this Venn Diagram with notes and ideas comparing the Chesapeake and New England Colonies in terms of what sort of people founded them, reasons for founding, problems they had, relationship with the Indians, economy, government. What did they have in common? You may use your book pp. 26-31 to find the information needed to fill in your diagram

The Pequothttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=or9XSFKNNFQ

Create a new page, “The Pequot;” be sure to list it in the table of contents.Watch the video linked below and take notes. Next, create a summary of the video from your notes.

In 1637, war broke out between the English and the Pequot Indians – the Pequot were nearly exterminated.

The fur trade facilitated peace – the Indians got guns and European goods in exchange for furs.

However, by the 1670s the fur trade was in decline and the English were demanding that the Indians follow Puritan laws.

The Indians were infuriated and went on the war path when 3 Indian men were tried and executed for murder.

The Indians attacked settlements across Massachusetts in what became known as King Philip’s War in 1675. (Left col. Page 31 of AV)

The English hunted down the Indians and virtually wiped them out – by 1678 there were very few Indians left in New England.

Trouble with the Native Americans

America in the 1750s

America to About 1760

The English were not the only European power with colonies in North America

Obviously the Spanish were there but far to the south and west

The French occupied the St. Lawrence, Great Lakes, Mississippi and Ohio Rivers.

Notice the map on the prior slide. What distinguishes the French occupied lands from the English colonies. Include you answer as a note in your I.N.

It was perhaps inevitable that England and France would bump into each other and end up fighting over the continent

There were several conflicts but the last one, the French and Indian War, 1754-1763, resulted in England winning all of France’s possessions in North America

England now commanded everything south of the Great Lakes and east of the Mississippi

The French and Indian War

The Proclamation of 1763, a New Map of North America,

The British and French not only fought their war in the New World, they fought the same war in Europe as well. In the U.S. it was called the French Indian War. In Europe, it was called the Seven Years War.

The British, we know, won both in the Americas and in Europe but it left Britain deeply in debt and searching for income. The British imagined they found that source of income in the American colonies.

The French Indian War aka The Seven Years’ War

“Follow the money…”from All the President’s Men

Analyzing/Comparing 2 Primary Sources Today we are going to be analyzing and

comparing 2 different documents created by the English and the Indians to try and figure out: What caused King Philip’s War of 1675?

You will receive two documents and a graphic organizer

The purpose for reading the documents◦ To address the central historical question◦ To analyze the document with historical reading

questions◦ To compare and/or corroborate the documents with

each other