American HistorySemester Exam

Study Guide

States and CapitalsALABAMA MontgomeryALASKA JuneauARIZONA PhoenixARKANSAS Little rockCALIFORNIA SacramentoCOLORADO DenverCONNECTICUT HartfordDELAWARE DoverFLORIDA TallahasseeGEORGIA Atlanta

States and CapitalsHAWAII HonoluluIDAHO BoiseILLINOIS SpringfieldINDIANA IndianapolisIOWA Des MoinesKANSAS TopekaKENTUCKY FrankfortLOUISIANA Baton RougeMAINE AugustaMARYLAND Annapolis

States and CapitalsMASSACHUSETTS BostonMICHIGAN LansingMINNESOTA St. PaulMISSISSIPPI Jackson MISSOURI Jefferson CityMONTANA HelenaNEBRASKA LincolnNEVADA Carson CityNEW HAMPSHIRE ConcordNEW JERSEY Trenton

States and CapitalsNEW MEXICO Santa FeNEW YORK AlbanyNORTH CAROLINA RaleighNORTH DAKOTA BismarckOHIO Columbus OKLAHOMA Oklahoma CityOREGON SalemPENNSYLVANIA HarrisburgRHODE ISLAND ProvidenceSOUTH CAROLINA Columbia

States and CapitalsSOUTH DAKOTA PierreTENNESSEE Nashville TEXAS AustinUTAH Salt Lake CityVERMONT MontpelierVIRGINIA RichmondWASHINGTON OlympiaWEST VIRGINIA CharlestonWISCONSIN MadisonWYOMING Cheyenne

a. Colorado c. Montanab. Oklahoma d. Kansas

Which state joined the Union in 1876?

a. Chinese. c. Irish.b. German. d. African American.

The Central Pacific relied on workers who were

a. dry farmers c. vaquerosb. sodbusters d. homesteaders

Who customarily wore wide-brimmed hats, chaps, and lariats?

a. dry farming c. a brandingb. homesteading d. a stampede

What is it called when thousands of cattle run in panic?

a. eliminated. c. moved to reservations.b. honored. d. captured or killed.

The Indian Peace Commission recommended that native Americans be

a. Helen Hunt Jackson c. J.M. Chivingtonb. William McKinley d. George Custer

Who was the Civil War veteran defeated by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse?

a. Sitting Bull. c. Crazy Horse.b. Geronimo. d. Chief Joseph.

The last Native American to surrender formally to the United States was

a. Sand Creek. c. Wounded Knee.b. San Carlos. d. Ghost Dance.

Using machine guns, United States soldiers killed more than 300 starving Lakota men, women, and children at

a. Southern Alliance. c. Long Drive.b. National Grange. d. Pikes Peak.

The network of farmers' self-help organizations eventually came to be called the

a. a homestead. c. a brand.b. dry farming. d. a sodbuster.

A symbol that marks ownership burned into the hide of cattle is called

a. dry farming c. lode farmingb. wet farming d. ore farming

What was one approach of the sodbusters?

a. sodbusters. c. open range ranches.b. dry farms. d. branding farms.

Texas ranches that were not fenced in or divided into lots were

a. Crow c. Cheyenneb. Apache d. Sioux

What nomadic Plains nation followed the buffalo?

a. rituals c. Sitting Bullb. Ghost Dance d. Dawes Act

What did Wovoka, a prophet, claim would restore the Sioux to their greatness?

a. was stable c. was constantly at warb. decreased d. developed written language

Based on the graph, it can be said that between 1850 and 1890 the Native American population _______________.

a. sharecropping c. ecologyb. education d. athletics

Based on the diagram, which of the following was a goal of the Grange?

a. economy. c. patent system.b. electorate. d. Oregon Trail.

The fast-growing national rail system encouraged the expansion of the

a. rebate. c. consolidation.b. monopoly. d. philanthropy.

The practice of combining separate companies in an industry is called a

a. Eli H. Janney. c. Henry Ford.b. Gustavus Swift. d. George M. Pullman.

The inventor of the railroad sleeping car was

a. George Eastman c. Edwin L. Drakeb. Cyrus Field d. Thomas Edison

Who linked the United States and Europe with a transatlantic telegraph line?

a. Thomas Edison c. Henry Fordb. Granville Woods d. George Eastman

Which inventor's most important invention was the electric light bulb?

a. Lewis H. Latimer c. Jan E. Matzeligerb. John Thurman d. Christopher Sholes

Whose shoe-making machine performed many steps previously done by hand?

a. Granville Woods c. Andrew Carnegieb. Gustavus Swift d. Cyrus Field

Who was the steel company owner who was a great philanthropist?

a. dividends. c. corporations.b. shareholders. d. mergers.

The combining of companies is called

a. National Miners' Union.b. American Federation of Labor.c. American Pullman's Union.d. International Ladies' Garment Workers Union.

In 1886, a group of national trade unions formed the

a. Pullman Strike. c. Haymarket Riot.b. Railroad Strike of 1877. d. Homestead Strike.

The United States Attorney General Richard Olney ordered an injunction to stop the

a. Pullman Strike. c. Railroad Strike of 1877.b. Homestead Strike. d. Haymarket Strike.

The steelworkers' union dwindled after the failure of the

a. concentrated. c. consolidated.b. condensed. d. collated.

Railroad barons were created because the industry

a. George Westinghouse c. Cyrus Fieldb. Thomas Edison d. Alexander Graham Bell

Who invented the telephone?

a. Thomas Edison c. Cyrus Fieldb. Henry Ford d. George Eastman

Whose electric power plant lit up 85 buildings in New York City?

a. Granville Woods c. George Westinghouseb. Elijah McCoy d. Lewis Howard Latimer

Who took Edison's work a step further by developing transformers?

a. Henry Ford c. Thomas Edisonb. Jan Matzeliger d. Cyrus Field

Who pioneered the assembly line?

a. electricity c. railroadsb. air travel d. Edwin L. Drake's well

What led to the creation of a multimillion-dollar petroleum industry?

a. George Westinghouse c. Henry Fordb. Andrew Carnegie d. John D. Rockefeller

Who was the philanthropist who built more than 2,000 libraries worldwide?

a. textile c. agricultureb. steel d. mining

Child-labor laws did not apply to what industry, which employed about 1 million children?

a. Haymarket Riot. c. Pullman Strike.b. Homestead Strike. d. Railroad Strike of 1877.

Antilabor feeling grew after the bloody clash in Chicago called the

“. . . a car which anyone could afford to buy, which anyone could drive anywhere, and which almost anyone could keep in repair.”

–Charles Sorenson, 1908

a. New York–Chicago Pullman car

c. Model T Ford

b. bicycle d. Wright Brothers’ airplane

This quotation describes the new _____.

a. cleverly c. unsatisfactorilyb. easily d. accidentally

When his assistant heard these words, Bell had _____ transmitted the sound of the human voice through electrical wires for the first time.

“Mr. Watson, come here. I want you!”–Alexander Graham Bell, 1876

a. one c. threeb. two d. none of the above

Based on the time line, how many terms did Theodore Roosevelt serve as United States president?

Powerful nations creating large empires by exercising economic and political control over weaker regions is called___.

A. expansionism. C. isolationism.B. civilization. D. imperialism.

Imperialism was driven by the search for ___.

A. land. C. materials and markets.B. gold. D. new trade routes.

Who pictured a canal across Central America linking the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean?

A. Matthew Perry B. William H. Seward C. James G. Blaine D. Alfred Thayer Mahan

The United States purchased Alaska from Russia for ___.A. $100 million. C. $3.5 million.B. $10. D. $7.2 million.

Who was responsible for establishing the Pan-American Union?

A. James G. Blaine B. William H. Seward C. Alfred Thayer MahanD. Matthew Perry

In return for the renewal of the trade agreement, King Kalakaua had to agree to ___.

A. an open door policy. B. a canal across the Pacific Ocean. C. a naval base at Pearl Harbor. D. annexation.

What American diplomat helped in the planters’ revolt to overthrow the Hawaiian leader?

A. Grover Cleveland C. John HayB. John Stevens D. Liliuokalani

Without consulting the Samoans, the islands were divided up by the United States, ___.

A. Germany, and Spain. B. Germany, and France. C. Great Britain, and Spain. D. Great Britain, and Germany.

What policy, proposed by John Hay, expanded American trading interests in China?

A. Boxer policy B. Open Door policy C. Shandong policyD. Gentlemen’s Agreement

How did President Theodore Roosevelt display the nation’s naval power in 1907?

A. the “Great White Fleet” B. Gentlemen’s Agreement C. annexation of HawaiiD. the president’s trip to Japan

In 1898 Congress declared war on Spain because of events in ___.

A. Cuba. C. Germany.B. Great Britain. D. Mexico.

What commander launched a surprise attack on the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay?

A. Emilio Aguinaldo B. José Martí C. Joseph PulitzerD. George Dewey

Americans clamored for war with Spain after an explosion on the ___.

A. Luzon. C. Maine.B. Lusitania. D. Philadelphia.

After the United States and Spain signed the Treaty of Paris, what country became an American protectorate?

A. Guam C. CubaB. Hawaii D. Puerto Rico

Although President William Howard Taft began in 1901 to prepare the Philippines for self-rule, it did not achieve independence until ___.

A. 1946. C. 1905.B. 1928. D. 1902.

A narrow strip of land connecting two larger bodies of land is called ___.

A. an island. B. an isthmus. C. a peninsula. D. a jetty.

The United States could not have built the Panama Canal without controlling ___.

A. expenses. B. workers’ hours. C. the Colombian government. D. disease.

Under what policy did the United States claim the right to intervene in the domestic affairs of Latin American nations?

A. the Roosevelt Corollary B. dollar diplomacy C. the Monroe DoctrineD. moral diplomacy

President William Howard Taft’s policy of joining American business interests to diplomatic interests abroad was known as___.

A. the Monroe Doctrine. B. moral diplomacy. C. dollar diplomacy. D. the Roosevelt Corollary.

President Woodrow Wilson’s moral diplomacy faced a serious challenge in ___.

A. Mexico. C. Hawaii.B. Puerto Rico. D. Guam.

Name the countries that were involved in World War I and what side they participated on by using the chart below.

110. 119.

111. 120.112. 121.113. 122.114.115.116.117.118.