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American Imperialism Turn of the Century (1900)
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American Imperialism
Turn of the Century (1900)
DOMINATION BY ONE COUNTRY OVER ANOTHER COUNTRY’S POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, & CULTURAL LIFE
TERRITORY OWNED AND RULED BY ANOTHER COUNTRY EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY
A NATION AND ITS RULER ARE UNDER THE PROTECTION OF ANOTHER NATION (Which means the stronger nation has a fair amount of control over the weaker)
AN AREA IN WHICH A STRONG COUNTRY GAINS SPECIAL TRADING PRIVILEGES
TO TAKE POSSESSION OF – TO TAKE OVER
Brief Review of Imperialism from a World Perspective
• Old Imperialism (16th Century)– Post Columbus, Europeans conquered the New
World – Partially possible because the Native Americans
…• … died from a lack of immunities to European
diseases
• End of Old Imperialism – Old Imperialism ended when New World
Colonies fought for independence from Europe• 1800s• First New World Colony to get its independence?
– America- American Revolution
Old Imperialism… 1500s
Q- Why do we see this pattern?
A- primarily DISEASE!!!
• 100 years after the Europeans lost control of the New World they conquered the Old World
• Africa and Asia
• Largely due to the Industrial Revolution– Quinine – iron-hulled steam boats – machine guns
New Imperialism (19th Century)
In the 19th Century, America had become a leading Industrial Nation
• Would it join New Imperialism?– Arguments for:
• Play with the ‘big boys’• brings wealth and power
– Arguments against:• America was founded as a rejection of Imperialism
– American Revolution – anti-British Imperialism
• If we imperialize, aren’t we rejecting our ideals? • We’ve reached a natural border- the Pacific. Isn’t this a
good place to stop?
(AKA) Why we imperialized and how wejustified it…
The U.S. acted as a policeman on the
continents of America• Monroe Doctrine:
• President Monroe’s foreign policy, warned Europeans not to get involved in the affairs of countries in the Western Hemisphere (Latin America)
• Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine:
• President Theodore Roosevelt added this to the Monroe Doctrine
• It supported U.S. intervention in the Western Hemisphere (Latin America)
•In theory, we would intervene in South America to help them (say, if an evil leader took over)
•In many cases, however, we used this as an excuse to intervene to support our own interests
• Manifest Destiny:
• The belief that the U.S. was superior and had the right to expand in North America
•Once we reached the Pacific Ocean, Manifest Destiny still inspired the U.S. towards expansionism
• Trade:
• The U.S. needed new markets to trade with and resources to expand the growing industrial nation
• Gain new land for military use and to show the military power of the U.S. to the rest of the world
• Moral Diplomacy:
• moral responsibility to deny recognition to any oppressive, undemocratic, or anti-American government
• Started by President Wilson, applied to Western Hemisphere
•The White Man’s Burden:
• The belief that it is the white man’s duty to “civilize” the world
• Protectorate:
• to help or protect a “new” country become a democracy and in turn support the U.S.
To spread American beliefs and
Christianity to “uncivilized” peoples
