Colonial literatureFirst American novels

VY_32_INOVACE_15-12

Colonial and post – independence literature

Amer. literature = a collection of literary British work, work of preceeding colonies and literature of the USA

first literary pieces: diaries – from trips to the New World political pamphlets – Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Paine sermons, travel books oral stories – Native Americans, Spanish and other settlers

topics: religion – Puritans ---New England, Boston a centre of

education and culture political events problems Indians X the Whites

Captain JOHN SMITH1580 - 1631

an English soldier, explorer, author

Colonization of New England, Virginia colony (Jamestown)harsh weather, lack of water, living in swampy wilderness,

unwillingness to work, attacks from Powhatan tribe“Who shall not work, shall not eat.”

work: ‘General Historie’

story of Pocahontas ‘A map of Virginia’ ‘Description of New England’ – a promotion of Am.

colonisation, Adam and Eve

Pocahontas

Název: Pocahontas-saves-Smith-NE-Chromo-1870.jpegAutor:New England Chromo. Lith. Co Zdroj: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pocahontas-saves-Smith-NE-Chromo-1870.jpeg

Political workTHOMAS PAINE‘Common Sense’ freedom from Britain 1st part of Declar. of Indep.

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN politician:

founder of the USA ‘Autobiography’ changes to draft of Declar. of

Indep. Governor of Pennsylvania,

ambassador scientist

lightning rod bifocals

musician,…

THOMAS JEFFERSON

a founder of the USA a diplomat an author of:

‘Declaration of Independence’ (1776)

a Governor of Virginia The third President of the

USA (1801 – 09)

Thomas JeffersonAutor: Rembrandt Peale

Název: Thomas Jefferson by Rembrandt Peale, 1800.jpgZdroj: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas_Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale,_1800.jpg

Declaration of Independence

Autor: William Stone, Název: Us declaration independence.jpg

Zdroj:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

File:Us_declaration_independence.jpg

JAMES FENIMORE COOPER

1789 - 1851a pioneer of American noveldismissed from Yale after 3 yearsnavy, farming

an author of the myth of Amer. West (X setting in NY)

‘The Leatherstocking Tales’ 5 novels:

The Deerslayer, The Last of the Mohicans, The Pathfinder, The Pioneers, The Prarie

Natty Bumppo – a hero – childohood death white civilisation X Indians

WASHINGTON IRWING 1783 – 1859 specialized in folk tales about Dutch settlers in N.Y. state

‘History of New York by Diedrich Knickerbocker’ satire book

The Legend of a Sleepy Hollow a sketch book scary but funny Halloween story

Rip van Winkle humour, wit, ENGL. vs. Amer.

- autobiography of G. Washington, Columbus as first American made a living by writing success in Europe

EDGAR ALLAN POELIFE1809 - 1849

born in Boston to an actor family

an orphan from 3, brought up by Allan family

studied one semester at university

joined the army love, alcohol, drugs? an editor of newspaper author of short stories, horror

genre, Gothic romance, detective fiction

influenced other writers: Ch. Baudelaire, J. Verne, F. Dostojevskij, A.C. Doyle…

WORK poetry:

The Raven Annabel Lee Eldorado

prose: The Fall of the House of

Ushers The Murders in the Rue

Morque

short stories The Pit and the Pendulum The Black Cat The Tell- Tale Heart Story

The Black Cat

Název: Aubrey Beardsley - Edgar Poe 2.jpgAutor: Aubrey Beardsley Zdroj: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aubrey_Beardsley_-_Edgar_Poe_2.jpg

NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE1804 - 1864wrote about Puritans and ther lives,

pessimism and scepticism

‘The Scarlet Letter’Hester Prynn, priest Arth. Dimmesdale,

husband Roger Chillingworth, daughter Pearl symbol – A letter – adulterysymbolism, made into a film

E. A. PoeAutor: C. T. Tatman, Název: Edgar Allan Poe 2.jpg

Zdroj: hhttp://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soubor:Edgar_Allan_Poe_2.jpg

N. HawthorneAutor: Charles Osgood, Název: Nathaniel Hawthorne.jpg

Zdroj: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nathaniel_Hawthorne.jpg

HERMAN MELVILLE1819 - 18915 years as a sailor, experience, scepticism of

human, essays, short stories, a novel

‘The Moby Dick’symbolic, metaphorical and allegorical worka whaleship Pequod – Pequot extinct Indian tribe sailor Ishmael – orphan, captain Ahab – tyrany –a

tragic hero, Moby Dick – God, nature, fate, ocean, universe

devoted to Hawthornesymbolism, made into a film

Autor DUM: Mgr. Darina Sikorová