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American Romanticism1800-1860
Historical Context
Industrial Revolution 1760-1840 1803 Louisiana Purchase Enlightenment 1714 - 1818 1848 Gold rush Mid 1800’s – Suffrage Movement Right around the corner - Civil
War 1861 - 1865
Romanticism Reaction to Revolutionary Period
Reaction to the Industrial Revolution
Imagination over Reason Intuition over Fact Focus on Emotions
Romanticism Transcendentalists Love of nature
Idealization of rural life
Love of beauty and nature
Sympathy and sentimentality
Dark / Gothic Romantics
Nature is alien or even frightening
Loss of place in the urban, modern world
Enthusiasm for the wild or grotesque in nature
Emotional psychology
Dark / Gothic Romantic American Literature
Dark / Gothic Romantic Literature
*Supernatural events
*Damsels in distress
*Creepy / disturbed characters
Dark / Gothic Romantic Literature
*Creepy settings
*Omens and dreams
*Highly charged emotional states
Dark / Gothic Romantic Literature
* deep awareness of the human capacity for evil
* probing of the mind, conscience, and heart
The Dark / Gothic
Romantics Three giants from this period are Washington
Irving, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Edgar Allan Poe. Hawthorne
and Poe are what have been called “brooding”
romantics or “anti-transcendentalists” while
Irving’s works are interspersed with dark
humor.
Washington Irving
“The Devil and Tom Walker”“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”“Rip Van Winkle”
Father of American Literature
1789 – 1851
Nathaniel HawthorneSin, Guilt, Pride, SelfishnessThe Scarlet Letter“Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment”“Rappaccini’s Daughter”“The Minister’s Black Veil”“The Birthmark”“Young Goodman Brown”
1804 - 1864
Edgar Allan PoeCreated the modern short story & the detective story“Masque of the Red Death”“The Fall of the House of Usher”“The Raven”“The Cask of Amontillado”“The Tell-Tale Heart”“The Murders in the Rue Morgue”
1809 - 1849