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amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

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amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04. Russell Loveridge - [email protected] HIL – F56.2. Russell Loveridge - [email protected] Marcus Braach - [email protected] - HIL E15.1 Hilfassistant - TBA. Russell Loveridge - [email protected] - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04
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Page 1: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Page 2: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Page 3: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Russell Loveridge - [email protected] HIL – F56.2

Page 4: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Russell Loveridge - [email protected]

Marcus Braach - [email protected] - HIL E15.1

Hilfassistant - TBA

Page 5: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Russell Loveridge - [email protected]

Marcus Braach - [email protected]

Hilfassistant - TBA

Course Time:

Wednesdays – 10:00-12:00 AM HIL F40.9

Page 6: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Russell Loveridge - [email protected]

Marcus Braach - [email protected]

Hilfassistant - TBA

Course Time:

Wednesdays – 10:00-12:00 AM HIL F40.9

Administration:

- Course TWIKI Update

- Schedule Update

- Assignment Update

Page 7: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

This course is an introduction to digital design & manufacturing in contemporary architecture.

Page 8: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

This course is an introduction to digital design & manufacturing in contemporary architecture.

DIGITAL & CNC-FABRICATION TECHNOLOGY >

CONTEXT: o      Overview and history o      Review of current practices

TECHNOLOGY: o      influence on design & architecture.o      overview of different types of CAM o      Specific focus on milling

DESIGN: o Generated digital design o parametric designo mass customization

ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE

Lectures and theory: o Complex geometries & topologyo  Changes in design capabilities and strategies

Skill building:o hands on experience with several CNC machines o practical assignements

Personal research, experimentation, & production: o diplomwahlfacharbeit

Page 9: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Context

Page 10: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Context : History of Automated Fabrication and Architecture.

Page 11: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Context : History of Automated Fabrication and Architecture.

The begining of using the MACHINE for mass production.

Page 12: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Context : History of Automated Fabrication and Architecture.

The begining of using the MACHINE for mass production.

- Industrial revolution from 1750‘s

Page 13: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Context : History of Automated Fabrication and Architecture.

The begining of using the MACHINE for mass production.

- Industrial revolution from 1750‘s

- Steam Engine 1769

Page 14: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Context : History of Automated Fabrication and Architecture.

The begining of using the MACHINE for mass production.

- Industrial revolution from 1750‘s

- Steam Engine 1769

- Leeds Woollen Workers Petition, 1786

Page 15: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Context : History of Automated Fabrication and Architecture.

The begining of using the MACHINE for mass production.

- Industrial revolution from 1750‘s

- Steam Engine 1769

- Leeds Woollen Workers Petition, 1786

- Expansion of the Railways, 1840

Page 16: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Context : History of Automated Fabrication and Architecture.

The begining of using the MACHINE for mass production.

- Industrial revolution from 1750‘s

- Steam Engine 1769

- Leeds Woollen Workers Petition, 1786

- Expansion of the Railways, 1840

- Meat packing lines, Birmingham & Chicago, 1840

Page 17: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Context : History of Automated Fabrication and Architecture.

The begining of using the MACHINE for mass production.

- Industrial revolution from 1750‘s

- Steam Engine 1769

- Leeds Woollen Workers Petition, 1786

- Expansion of the Railways, 1840

- Meat packing lines, Birmingham & Chicago, 1840

- Ford Assembly line experimentations 1850

Page 18: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Ford Assembly line experimentation 1850

Assembly line = manufacturing economics of scale

MASS PRODUCTION

-Changes in consumer society demanded new requirements for efficiency.

-Assembly line manufacturing evolves based on analysing the efficient workflow positions of the employees

-The term „Industrial Automation“ is used for the first time in Ford documents at this time

Page 19: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Ford Assembly line experimentation 1850

Assembly line = manufacturing economics of scale

MASS PRODUCTION

-How could ideas from the industrial manufacturing process be applied to architecture?

Page 20: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Crystal Palace – Grand Exposition, 1851 - Sir Joseph Paxton

Regent Park, London, UK.

Page 21: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Crystal Palace – construction history

Page 22: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Crystal Palace – Exhibition of the new industrial utopia.

Page 23: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The early 1900`s

Page 24: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The early 1900`s

Advances in science, engineering, and materials gave rise to new empires and new political power

Page 25: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The early 1900`s

Architecture during wartime

- Allocation of resources to the war effort

- Technological developments for efficiency of industry

- Mass production of specific goods

Page 26: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The early 1900`s

Architecture during wartime

- Allocation of resources to the war effort

- Technological developments for efficiency of industry

- Mass production of specific goods

The war effort brought significant advances in the fields of science, engineering, materials, and manufacturing...

-How could this knowledge be applied to architecture?

Page 27: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The early 1900`s

Architecture during wartime

- Allocation of resources to the war effort

- Technological developments for efficiency of industry

- Mass production of specific goods

The war effort brought significant advances in the fields of science, engineering, materials, and manufacturing...

-How could this knowledge be applied to architecture?

Architecture post-wartime

- The architecutre of rebuilding

- Great demand for the traditional building/construction resources

- New resources and techniques for industrialized goods

- Development and adaptation of technologies to building

Page 28: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Post-war Industrial innovation in architecture

Page 29: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The DyMaxIon House – Bukminster Fuller 1946

DYnamic – MAXimum – tensION – dwelling machine

-Designed to make use of post-war materials and expertise from the aviation and defence industry.

-To have been built on an assembly line and delivered to building sites all over the USA in a shipping canister.

Post-war Industrial innovation in architecture

Page 30: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The DyMaxIon House – Bukminster Fuller 1946

DYnamic – MAXimum – tensION – dwelling machine

-Designed to make use of post-war materials and expertise from the aviation and defence industry.

-To have been built on an assembly line and delivered to building sites all over the USA in a shipping canister.

The Manufactured House – 1950‘s to present

The house built on the assembly line was once considered to be the future of American domesticity.

- Reduction of waste and efficient use of materials.

- Faster construction time, and higher quality control.

- Customization within a modular approach.

Post-war Industrial innovation in architecture

Page 31: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Present day issues with respect to architecture, fabrication, and the construction process

Page 32: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Current architectural practice

- Allocation of resources

- New materials

- Development and adaptation of technologies

- Demand for ecconomic and design efficiency

Present day issues with respect to architecture, fabrication, and the construction process

Page 33: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Current architectural practice

- Allocation of resources

- New materials

- Development and adaptation of technologies

- Demand for ecconomic and design efficiency

-Architecture currently follows other design/build disciplines.

- It is no longer an innovator.

-Architecture does not invest in research.

-It is viewed as a commodity rather than a profession.

Present day issues with respect to architecture, fabrication, and the construction process

Page 34: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Current architectural practice

- Allocation of resources

- New materials

- Development and adaptation of technologies

- Demand for ecconomic and design efficiency

-Architecture currently follows other design/build disciplines.

- It is no longer an innovator.

-Architecture does not invest in research.

-It is viewed as a commodity rather than a profession.

Can we change this?????

Lets look at a different industry that received a significant technological boost from the wars........

Present day issues with respect to architecture, fabrication, and the construction process

Page 35: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A brief history of the Computer & Architecture

Page 36: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A brief history of the Computer & Architecture

1940’s - ENIAC

Page 37: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A brief history of the Computer & Architecture

1940’s - ENIAC 1950’s - Graphics

Page 38: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A brief history of the Computer & Architecture

1940’s - ENIAC 1950’s - Graphics 1960’s – Industrial application

Page 39: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A brief history of the Computer & Architecture

1940’s - ENIAC 1950’s - Graphics 1960’s – Industrial application

1970’s – Home computers

Page 40: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A brief history of the Computer & Architecture

1940’s - ENIAC 1950’s - Graphics 1960’s – Industrial application

1970’s – Home computers

1980’s – Mass Produces PCs

Page 41: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A brief history of the Computer & Architecture

1940’s - ENIAC 1950’s - Graphics 1960’s – Industrial application

1970’s – Home computers

1980’s – Networked computers

1980’s – Mass Produces PCs

Page 42: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A brief history of the Computer & Architecture

1940’s - ENIAC 1950’s - Graphics 1960’s – Industrial application

1970’s – Home computers

1980’s – Networked computers

1990’s – Architectural acceptance

1980’s – Mass Produces PCs

Page 43: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A brief history of the Computer & Architecture

1940’s - ENIAC 1950’s - Graphics 1960’s – Industrial application

1970’s – Home computers

1980’s – Networked computers

1990’s – Architectural acceptance

1980’s – Mass Produces PCs

2000’s – Architectural innovation

Page 44: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

A computer development history:

1950‘s - the introduction of the computer to mainstream scientific research.

1960‘s - the introduction of graphics and visual representation by computer.

1970‘s - The large industrial acceptance of CAD in the design process.1972 - The first demonstration of 3d-CAM fabrication from a punchcard machine1978 - Dassault Ind. develops CATIA (Computer-Aided 3-Dimensional Interactive Application)

1980‘s - Development of the home PC, and software packages.1985 - Alias releases ALIAS1 animation & SFX software1988 - SurfCAM 1.0 is released to the fabrication industry

1990‘s - Finally an acceptance of CAD in the architectural community1997 - FOG Guggenheim Bilbao1998 - AliasWavfront releases MAYA

2000‘s - First mainstream project from architects employing the full potential of CAM.

Page 45: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Facts:

1. CAD and CAM were developed by large-scale industry for their own use.

2. CAD was not accepted for use in Architecture industry until 30 years after its inception.

3. Cutting edge architects are using digital design and fabrication technology in developing their projects. The combination of these technologies returns the architect to the role as both builder and as a part of the fabrication/construction team > the master builder

Page 46: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Conclusions:

This move to regain control of both the creative AND the constructive process can be assisted through the use of CNC fabrication machines. By giving the designer greater and more direct control over the fabrication process, the architect resumes an important role within the PRODUCTION part of the DESIGN CYCLE.

Page 47: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

Page 48: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

As a designer you are given a problem:

-You analyse the requirements & limitations

- Formulate a design strategy

- Begin to design based on all known parameters from your analysis

Page 49: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- Modeling and SCRIPT development

Page 50: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- Modeling and SCRIPT development

- Pattern, ornament, or form GENERATION

Page 51: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- Modeling and SCRIPT development

- Pattern, ornament, or form GENERATION

- REFINEMENT for manufacturing

Page 52: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- Modeling and SCRIPT development

- Pattern, ornament, or form GENERATION

- REFINEMENT for manufacturing

- CAM INTERPRETATION for the machine(s)

Page 53: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- Modeling and SCRIPT development

- Pattern, ornament, or form GENERATION

- REFINEMENT for manufacturing

- CAM INTERPRETATION for the machine(s)

- G-Code OUTPUT

Page 54: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- Modeling and SCRIPT development

- Pattern, ornament, or form GENERATION

- REFINEMENT for manufacturing

- CAM INTERPRETATION for the machine(s)

- G-Code OUTPUT

- CNC MANUFACTURING

Page 55: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- SCRIPT

- GENERATION

- REFINEMENT

- INTERPRETATION

- OUTPUT

- MANUFACTURING

Page 56: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- SCRIPT

- GENERATION

- REFINEMENT

- INTERPRETATION

- OUTPUT

- MANUFACTURING

This output iks very useful for overall evaluation of the appropriateness of the design response.

Page 57: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- SCRIPT

- GENERATION

- REFINEMENT

- INTERPRETATION

- OUTPUT

- MANUFACTURING

This output iks very useful for overall evaluation of the appropriateness of the design response.

The output may be a PROTOTYPE which can be evaluated and used to refine the generation of the design.

Page 58: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- SCRIPT

- GENERATION

- REFINEMENT

- INTERPRETATION

- OUTPUT

- MANUFACTURING

This output iks very useful for overall evaluation of the appropriateness of the design response.

The output may be a PROTOTYPE which can be evaluated and used to refine the generation of the design.

The output can also be used to evaluate the efficiency of the fabrication process, and allow for changes in the overall manufacturing methodology.

Page 59: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

The Design and Production cycle:

- SCRIPT

- GENERATION

- REFINEMENT

- INTERPRETATION

- OUTPUT

- MANUFACTURING

This output iks very useful for overall evaluation of the appropriateness of the design response.

The output may be a PROTOTYPE which can be evaluated and used to refine the generation of the design.

The output can also be used to evaluate the efficiency of the fabrication process, and allow for changes in the overall manufacturing methodology.

The end goal is to produce well designed + efficient products. The inclusion of digital design and CNC fabrication only allow for an acceleration in the process, and an increase in control to the designer.

Page 60: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Why use CAM in Architecture:

Page 61: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Why use CAM in Architecture:

Efficiency

- Automation, and commercial / cost advantages.

- Repetition and time savings.

- Rapid prototyping.

Page 62: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Why use CAM in Architecture:

Efficiency

- Automation, and commercial / cost advantages.

- Repetition and time savings.

- Rapid prototyping.

Kas Oosterhuis

Page 63: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Why use CAM in Architecture:

Efiiciency

Complexity

- Able to quickly manufacture very complex forms.

- Ability to manufacture single forms that traditionally would have been made in pieces.

- Ability to scale items precisely, and use scale testing.

Page 64: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Why use CAM in Architecture:

Efficiency

Complexity

Customization

- Able to use parametric design to create large runs of different pieces

- Automating both the generative process and the manufacturing

- Able to produce ‚distinct‘ modular components.

- costs of Mass Customisation COULD be approximately the same as standardized construction.

Page 65: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Why use CAM in Architecture:

Efficiency

Complexity

Customization

Page 66: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

Why use CAM in Architecture:

Efficiency

Complexity

Customization

These three advantages affect both the possibilities for design and the capabilites of the output.

PARAMETRIC DESIGN and CNC FABRICATION is the basis for MASS CUSTOMIZATION

Page 67: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

CAM in Architecture:

Developments in technology specifically taget the issue of ineficiencies of labour:

For Architecture, a succesful new technology must target:

- time the design process

- efficiency in the fabrication process

- simplicity the construction process

Page 68: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

CAM in Architecture:

Developments in technology specifically taget the issue of ineficiencies of labour:

For Architecture, a succesful new technology must target:

- time the design process

- efficiency in the fabrication process

- simplicity the construction process

By using digital and CNC technologies, the architect is able to re-visit many facets of architecture that have been lost to the proffession for reasons of efficiency, simplicity, and standardization.

Page 69: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

By using this technology the architect is able to re-visit many facets of architecture that have been lost to the proffession for reasons of efficiency, simplicity, and standardization.

Efficiency, Complexity, & Customization

Ornament, as an architectural embelishment, has been lost due in part to the mechanization and industrialization of architectural componants, and in part due to modernism and its „simple“ aesthetic. The interesting issue for this course then is the use of digital technologies to allow for a re-incorporation of ornament within architecture. Ornament that is efficient, complex, and customized for the specific application.

CAM in Architecture:

Developments in technology specifically taget the issue of ineficiencies of labour:

For Architecture, a succesful new technology must target:

- time the design process

- efficiency in the fabrication process

- simplicity the construction process

Page 70: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

By using this technology the architect is able to re-visit many facets of architecture that have been lost to the proffession for reasons of efficiency, simplicity, and standardization.

Efficiency, Complexity, & Customization

Ornament, as an architectural embelishment, has been lost due in part to the mechanization and industrialization of architectural componants, and in part due to modernism and its „simple“ aesthetic. The interesting issue for this course then is the use of digital technologies to allow for a re-incorporation of ornament within architecture. Ornament that is efficient, complex, and customized for the specific application.

In the end, this technology is not an overall solution to design problems, but should be seen as a tool that can be employed by the architect to enhance thier role and control over design.

CAM in Architecture:

Developments in technology specifically taget the issue of ineficiencies of labour:

For Architecture, a succesful new technology must target:

- time the design process

- efficiency in the fabrication process

- simplicity the construction process

Page 71: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

CONCLUSIONS:

Page 72: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04

CONCLUSIONS:- Architecture was at one time synonymous with the developments of technology.

- Modernization > The removal of the architect from the building process.

- Architecture is now a late adoptor of technology and marginal investor in advanced research.

- Architecture typically adopts technology developed by other large industrial design professions

- Computers have now entered the mainstream of architecture, although the typical office still only uses them for creating construction documents.

- It took 30 years for the mainstream adoption of CAD into Architecture

- CAM was first introduced in the 1970s.

- CAM is being used by the avant guard of architecture to create forms and theories based on a contemporary understanding of current technology from other fields.

- CAM is becomming more affordable and widespread. It will eventually become another tool for the everyday practice of architecture.

Page 73: amorphous ornament  – CAAD, Milling course  WS04

amorphous ornament – CAAD, Milling course WS04


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