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An Explosion of Protestant Sects
During the Reformation, hundreds of Protestant sects were created. One of the more radical
sects was that of the Anabaptists. They felt infants were too young for baptism and called for
religious toleration and separation of church and state. Today’s Baptists, Mennonites, and Amish
are derived from Anabaptist sects.
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The Renaissance and ReformationSection 4: Reformation Ideas Spread
Witness History Audio: A Kings Speaks Out
Color Transparency 78: The Spread of Protestantism
The English Reformation
When Henry VIII of England wanted to leave his wife and marry Anne Bolyn, the pope refused
him an annulment. Henry then took over the English church. This Anglican Church, as it was
called, retained most Catholic forms of worship. Henry’s successor, Edward VI, ushered in
Protestant reforms. His successor, Mary Tudor, returned England to Catholicism and had
hundreds of Protestants burned at the stake. The next queen, Elizabeth, created a compromise
situation in the church between Protestant and Catholic practices.
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The Renaissance and ReformationSection 4: Reformation Ideas Spread
Note Taking Transparency 104
The Catholic Reformation
Pope Paul III initiated a reform movement within the Catholic Church during the 1530s and
1540s. He appointed reformers to end corruption. He established the Council of Trent to
determine what reforms should be enacted. He gave more power to the Inquisition and
recognized the religious order of the Jesuits, whose goal was to defend and spread the
Catholic faith.
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The Renaissance and ReformationSection 4: Reformation Ideas Spread
Geography Interactive: Major European Religions About 1600
Widespread Persecution
Catholics and Protestants both persecuted people and encouraged intolerance. One extreme
example is the killing of people suspected of being witches.
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The Renaissance and ReformationSection 4: Reformation Ideas Spread
QuickTake Section Quiz
Progress Monitoring Transparency